Multiple MyelomaNCT07312942
Effects of Controlled Breathing Added to Therapeutic Exercise in Multiple Myeloma
A study testing Therapeutic exercise + initial education session in people with Multiple Myeloma and Breathing Techniques, run by Universidad Complutense de Madrid at 1 site in Spain.
Trial summary
A randomized, parallel, double-blind, controlled, multicenter clinical trial with two intervention arms. Two groups of participants will be included, both receiving a therapeutic exercise intervention and an educational session on the importance of proper breathing over a 6-week period. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 years and older
- Conditions the study is for
- Multiple Myeloma, Breathing Techniques, Breathing Exercises
- What is being tested?
- Therapeutic exercise + initial education session
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 32 participants
- Where
- 1 siteSpain
- Study dates
- 26 Jan 2026to Mar 2027
- Phase
- Interventional
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 years and older
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Age ≥ 18 years.
- Confirmed diagnosis of multiple myeloma, currently undergoing active treatment with daratumumab, and under clinical follow-up by the Hematology Department of HU12O.
- Explicit medical indication for supervised physical activity issued by the responsible hematologist and documented in the medical record.
- No scheduled hematopoietic stem cell transplantation within the 60 days following the planned start date of the intervention (verified through medical record review).
- Functional status of ECOG 0-2 (Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group), assessed by a healthcare professional from the Hematology Department, ensuring the ability to perform at least basic and light instrumental activities of daily living, including independent ambulation.
- Access to a smartphone with stable internet connection, required for monitoring and recording adherence to the intervention.
- Ability to provide written informed consent, demonstrating understanding of the study's nature, purpose, and procedures.
Who cannot join
- Medical risk contraindicating exercise or breathing techniques:
- +Clinically significant cardiovascular disease, including: decompensated heart failure, acute myocardial infarction within the past 3 months, clinically uncontrolled arrhythmias, unstable angina, acute-phase deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism, pacemakers or cardiac devices whose monitoring parameters contraindicate supervised exercise according to cardiology.
- Severe decompensated respiratory disease, such as acute exacerbation of COPD, severe respiratory insufficiency, or persistently low resting oxygen saturation < 90% (not correctable).
- High musculoskeletal or bone risk:
- Extensive lytic bone lesions, high risk of pathological fracture, or unstable vertebral fracture, documented by imaging or based on the assessment of the Hematology/Traumatology specialist.
- Uncontrolled pain that prevents safe participation in an exercise program.
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- Hematologic or systemic conditions contraindicating exercise:
- Severe anemia: hemoglobin < 9 g/dL in women or < 8 g/dL in men (latest laboratory test ≤ 14 days).
- Active systemic infection contraindicating exercise, fever ≥ 38 °C, or neutropenia < 0.5 × 10⁹/L.
- Severe cytopenias that, in the opinion of the hematologist, preclude moderate exercise.
- Functional or procedural limitations:
- Inability to remain in the supine position for ≥ 5 minutes, required for part of the breathing intervention.
- Confirmed pregnancy or reasonable suspicion of pregnancy.
- Severe cognitive impairment, major psychiatric disorders, or neurological diseases that limit understanding of the procedures or safe participation.
- Significant difficulty understanding the language (spoken or written) that prevents following essential instructions or completing validated questionnaires.
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country. Contact the study team or a site near you to ask about taking part.
Spain1 site, 1 recruiting
- Recruiting
Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre
Madrid, 28041
Isidro Fernández López, +34625598970, isidrofe@ucm.es
About this study
Official title: Effects of Adding a Controlled Breathing Protocol to a Therapeutic Exercise Program in Adults With Multiple Myeloma
A randomized, parallel, double-blind, controlled, multicenter clinical trial with two intervention arms. Two groups of participants will be included, both receiving a therapeutic exercise intervention and an educational session on the importance of proper breathing over a 6-week period. One of the groups will additionally perform a home-based controlled breathing exercise protocol. Pre- and post-intervention assessments (6 weeks) will be conducted, along with a follow-up evaluation 4 weeks after completion of the intervention.
The goal is to determine the effectiveness of adding a controlled breathing exercise program to a therapeutic exercise intervention on somatic symptoms in individuals with multiple myeloma
Read the detailed description
Randomized, parallel, double-blind, controlled clinical trial in which two groups of participants will be included and randomly assigned to one of the two intervention arms:
Therapeutic exercise + initial educational session on proper breathing.
Therapeutic exercise + initial educational session on proper breathing + home-based controlled breathing exercise protocol.
The therapeutic exercise and controlled breathing program will last 6 weeks. During this period, participants will:
Perform three weekly sessions of mobility and muscle-strengthening exercises (two on-site and one home-based) for 6 weeks. The on-site sessions will last between 30 and 40 minutes and will take place at the Rehabilitation Department of Hospital 12 de Octubre in Madrid (a total of 12 on-site sessions-two per week). The home-based exercise program will consist of completing, once per week during the 6-week intervention, a structured session that replicates the logic and technique of the on-site program.
Walk a minimum of 7,000 steps/day or 50 minutes/day, three days per week.
Perform a controlled breathing protocol twice per day at home during the 6-week study period, following the recommendations of the principal investigator. The goal is to integrate slow, gentle, diaphragmatic, nasal breathing into daily life.
The variables to be assessed will include: somatic symptom questionnaire, quality of life, sleep quality, fatigue, anxiety and depression symptoms.
These variables will be evaluated at baseline, at the end of the 6-week intervention period, and again 4 weeks after completing the intervention.
- Conditions
- Multiple Myeloma, Breathing Techniques, Breathing Exercises, Exercise Activity, Diaphragmatic Breathing
- Being tested
- Controlled breathing exercise protocol + therapeutic exercise + initial education session, Therapeutic exercise + initial education session
- Keywords
- Multiple myeloma, Breathing, Diaphragmatic breathing, Slow breathing, exercise activity, Breathing exercises
- Medical subject headings
- Multiple Myeloma, Respiratory Aspiration, Hypoventilation
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Controlled breathing exercise protocol + therapeutic exercise + initial education sessionOther
Also called Therapeutic exercise, educational session on proper breathing
In addition to the therapeutic exercise protocol and the educational session on proper breathing, participants will perform a controlled breathing protocol at home twice daily, at least five days per week, throughout the 6-week study period, following the recommendations of the principal investigator. The goal is to integrate slow, gentle, diaphragmatic, nasal breathing into daily life.
To promote adherence and ensure correct and consistent execution, participants will have access through the Web-App to two audio files containing guided breathing instructions and visualization exercises. These recordings were specifically developed for this project by a physiotherapist with more than 20 years of experience in respiratory control-based interventions, and were reviewed and approved by the entire research team.
Therapeutic exercise + initial education sessionOther
Also called educational session on proper breathing, therapeutic exercise
In addition to the therapeutic exercise protocol and the educational session on proper breathing, participants will perform:
-Three weekly sessions of mobility and muscle-strengthening exercises (two on-site and one home-based) for 6 weeks. The on-site sessions will last between 30 and 40 minutes and will take place at the Rehabilitation Department of Hospital 12 de Octubre in Madrid (a total of 12 on-site sessions-two per week). The home-based exercise program will consist of completing, once per week during the 6-week intervention, a structured session that replicates the logic and technique of the on-site program.
A maximum of four absences from the on-site therapeutic exercise program will be allowed, and on those occasions the patient must register via the web application that they completed the prescribed home-based program.
-Walk a minimum of 7,000 steps/day or 50 minutes/day, three days per week.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Therapeutic exercise + initial educational session on proper breathing | Active comparator | * Perform three weekly sessions of mobility and muscle-strengthening exercises (two on-site and one home-based) for 6 weeks. The home-based exercise program will consist of completing, once per week during the 6-week intervention, a structured session that replicates the logic and technique of the on-site program.
* Walk a minimum of 7,000 steps/day or 50 minutes/day, three days per week.
* To promote adherence to the protocol and standardize basic knowledge regarding the breathing technique, all participants will receive an initial educational session delivered on the first day of the on-site intervention. This session will include an introductory lecture and an explanatory leaflet outlining the fundamental principles of functional breathing and its relevance to the intervention. Receives: Other: Therapeutic exercise + initial education session |
| Therapeutic exercise + initial education session + home-based controlled breathing exercise protocol | Experimental | * Participants will perform a controlled breathing protocol at home twice daily, at least five days per week, throughout the 6-week study period, following the recommendations of the principal investigator.
* Perform three weekly sessions of mobility and muscle-strengthening exercises (two on-site and one home-based) for 6 weeks. The home-based exercise program will consist of completing, once per week during the 6-week intervention, a structured session that replicates the logic and technique of the on-site program.
* Walk a minimum of 7,000 steps/day or 50 minutes/day, three days per week.
* To promote adherence to the protocol and standardize basic knowledge regarding the breathing technique, all participants will receive an initial educational session delivered on the first day of the on-site intervention. This session will include an introductory lecture and an explanatory leaflet outlining the fundamental principles of functional breathing and its relevance to the intervention. Receives: Other: Controlled breathing exercise protocol + therapeutic exercise + initial education session |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Somatic Symptom Questionnaire
The PHQ-15 will be used to assess the number of somatic symptoms and the degree of distress experienced during the past four weeks. Cancer survivors with a greater number of somatic symptoms tend to report higher levels of stress, partly due to increased fear of disease recurrence or progressio
Measured: Information for this variable will be collected at three time points: at baseline, at the end of the intervention (6 weeks), and four weeks after completion of the protocol.
Secondary outcomes (3)
Global quality of life
Global quality of life will be assessed using the EORTC-QLQ C30 Version 3.0 questionnaire, developed by the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC), a cancer-specific instrument that has been extensively validated in both its English and Spanish versions
Measured: Information for this variable will be collected at three time points: at baseline, at the end of the intervention (6 weeks), and four weeks after completion of the protocol.
Sleep Quality Questionnaire
The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) will be used in its validated Spanish version, which provides a global sleep quality score as well as partial scores across seven distinct components
Measured: Information for this variable will be collected at three time points: at baseline, at the end of the intervention (6 weeks), and four weeks after completion of the protocol.
Anxiety and Depression Scale
The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) will be used to assess these symptoms among study participants. This screening instrument has been widely used and validated as a brief tool for detecting depressive and anxiety symptoms in oncology patients
Measured: Information for this variable will be collected at three time points: at baseline, at the end of the intervention (6 weeks), and four weeks after completion of the protocol.
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted31 Dec 2025
- Study start26 Jan 2026
- Primary completionJan 2027 (estimated)
- Study completionMar 2027 (estimated)
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (7)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Multiple MyelomaStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Model description
- A randomized, parallel, double-blind, controlled, multicenter clinical trial with two intervention arms. Two groups of participants will be included, both receiving an educational session with a standardized educational leaflet on the importance of proper breathing, and a therapeutic exercise intervention over a 6-week period. One of the groups will additionally perform a home-based controlled breathing exercise protocol. Pre- and post-intervention assessments (6 weeks) will be conducted, along with a follow-up evaluation 4 weeks after completion of the intervention.
- Masking
- Triple blind
- Who is masked
- Participant, Care provider, Outcomes assessor
- Enrolment
- 32 participants (estimated)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Universidad Complutense de Madrid
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Isidro Fernández López, Universidad Complutense de Madrid
- Investigators
- Gustavo Plaza-Manzano, PhD, Study director, Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Podiatry. Universidad Complutense de Madrid
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07312942
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- Breathing Mieloma
- Status last verified
- Sep 2026
- First submitted
- 17 Dec 2025
- Last updated
- 1 Oct 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- Undecided
Publications
Shahriari M, Dehghan M, Pahlavanzadeh S, Hazini A. Effects of progressive muscle relaxation, guided imagery and deep diaphragmatic breathing on quality of life in elderly with breast or prostate cancer. J Educ Health Promot. 2017 Apr 19;6:1. doi: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_147_14. eCollection 2017.
PubMed 28546966Fournie C, Verkindt C, Dalleau G, Bouscaren N, Mohr C, Zunic P, Cabrera Q. Rehabilitation program combining physical exercise and heart rate variability biofeedback in hematologic patients: a feasibility study. Support Care Cancer. 2022 Mar;30(3):2009-2016. doi: 10.1007/s00520-021-06601-2. Epub 2021 Oct 12.
PubMed 34636946Dhruva A, Miaskowski C, Abrams D, Acree M, Cooper B, Goodman S, Hecht FM. Yoga breathing for cancer chemotherapy-associated symptoms and quality of life: results of a pilot randomized controlled trial. J Altern Complement Med. 2012 May;18(5):473-9. doi: 10.1089/acm.2011.0555. Epub 2012 Apr 23.
PubMed 22525009Shao R, Man ISC, Lee TMC. The Effect of Slow-Paced Breathing on Cardiovascular and Emotion Functions: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review. Mindfulness. 2024;15(1):1-18. doi:10.1007/s12671-023-02294-2
Nicol JL, Chong JE, McQuilten ZK, Mollee P, Hill MM, Skinner TL. Safety, Feasibility, and Efficacy of Exercise Interventions for People With Multiple Myeloma: A Systematic Review. Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk. 2023 Feb;23(2):86-96. doi: 10.1016/j.clml.2022.10.003. Epub 2022 Oct 22.
PubMed 36450625Moller MD, Ihorst G, Pahl A, Scheubeck S, Barsch F, Dold SM, Bertz H, Arends J, Wasch R, Engelhardt M. Physical activity is associated with less comorbidity, better treatment tolerance and improved response in patients with multiple myeloma undergoing stem cell transplantation. J Geriatr Oncol. 2021 May;12(4):521-530. doi: 10.1016/j.jgo.2020.11.003. Epub 2020 Nov 20.
PubMed 33223484Li J, Peng Y, Zhan D, Zhang Y, Yu S. Exercise interventions in patients with multiple myeloma: a scoping review. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil. 2025 Jun 9;17(1):148. doi: 10.1186/s13102-025-01193-4.
PubMed 40490782