Attitude of Health PersonnelNCT07296380
Manual Therapy Behavior Scale in Physiotherapists
An observational study of Attitude of Health Personnel, run by Uşak University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
Trial summary
The aim of this study is to develop a scale to assess the manual therapy application behaviors of physiotherapists in Türkiye, based on the Theory of Planned Behavior (Ajzen, 1991). A literature-based item pool will be created, and expert opinion (Delphi method) will be obtained to ensure content validity. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 22 to 65 yearsHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Attitude of Health Personnel
- How many people
- 300 participants
- Where
- 1 siteTurkey (Türkiye)
- Study dates
- 25 Dec 2025to 25 Mar 2026
- Phase
- Observational
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 22 to 65 years
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult, Older adult
Study population: The study population for this study consists of healthy adult physiotherapists actively working in public or private healthcare institutions or university hospitals in Turkey. Participants are expected to have basic training in manual therapy or clinical practice experience. Data collection will be conducted online, and participation is entirely voluntary. No medical interventions will be administered; data will be collected solely through a self-report questionnaire.
Who may be able to join
- Be actively working as a physiotherapist in Turkey (public/private hospital, university hospital, private clinic, etc.)
- Have received basic training in manual therapy or have clinical practice experience
- Be a healthy adult aged 22 or over
- Be able to read and understand Turkish (the survey language is Turkish)
- Agree to participate in the study voluntarily and provide individual informed consent
Who cannot join
- Professionals working in healthcare fields other than physiotherapy
- Physiotherapists without manual therapy experience
- Participants who complete the survey form incompletely, incorrectly, inconsistently, or provide duplicate entries
- Individuals who refuse to provide informed consent
- Individuals who withdraw their voluntary consent during the research process
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country. Contact the study team or a site near you to ask about taking part.
About this study
Official title: Development of a Manual Therapy Application Behavior Scale Among Physiotherapists: A Validity and Reliability Study
The aim of this study is to develop a scale to assess the manual therapy application behaviors of physiotherapists in Türkiye, based on the Theory of Planned Behavior (Ajzen, 1991). A literature-based item pool will be created, and expert opinion (Delphi method) will be obtained to ensure content validity. The final scale will be administered online to physiotherapists, and construct validity and reliability analyses will be conducted. The study aims to contribute scientifically to the determination of manual therapy application behaviors in physiotherapy practices, the understanding of clinical decision-making processes, and the measurement of behavioral intention. No risks were anticipated for the participants, and data collection was voluntary.
Read the detailed description
Manual therapy is an evidence-based intervention method based on manual techniques widely used by physiotherapists in the treatment of musculoskeletal disorders. However, clinicians' decisions to implement manual therapy are influenced by multidimensional factors such as personal attitudes, professional beliefs, institutional policies, educational experiences, and the culture of clinical practice. The use of behavior-based theoretical models is recommended to evaluate these factors together.
The Theory of Planned Behavior (Ajzen, 1991) is a powerful approach that explains individuals' intentions to perform a specific behavior through variables such as attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioral control, and intention. Although this theory is frequently used to understand the clinical decision-making processes of healthcare professionals, there is no valid and reliable measurement tool in Turkey for measuring behavior toward manual therapy practices.
This study will develop a new scale adapted to Turkish culture to assess physiotherapists' manual therapy practices in a theoretically based manner. The research will consist of three phases:
Item Development Phase:
The item pool generated through the literature review will be presented to expert physiotherapists.
Expert Panel/Delphi Phase:
Experts will evaluate the items based on content validity, and items will be revised or removed based on consensus. In this phase, the Content Validity Index (CVI) and Content Validity Ratio (CVR) will be evaluated.
Statistical Analysis Phase:
The final scale will be administered online to physical therapists.
- Conditions
- Attitude of Health Personnel
- Keywords
- Physical Therapy Specialty, Attitude of Health Personnel, Clinical Competence, Surveys and Questionnaires
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Phsysiotherapists | Healthy adult physiotherapists who are actively working in public or private healthcare institutions or university clinics in Turkey and have received training or basic practical experience in manual therapy. Participation is voluntary, and no clinical intervention will be performed. |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Manual Therapy Application Behavior Scale for Physiotherapists
"Manual Therapy Application Behavior Scale in Physiotherapists" is a 7-point Likert-type (1 = Strongly disagree, 7 = Strongly agree) self-report scale developed based on Ajzen's Planned Behavior Theory. Higher scores reflect more positive attitudes, stronger subjective norms, higher perceived behavioral control, and higher behavioral intentions among physical therapists toward manual therapy. Construct validity will be assessed using internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha), item-total correlations, test-retest reliability, and confirmatory factor analysis.
Measured: One-time evaluation during the data collection period
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted22 Dec 2025
- Study start25 Dec 2025 (estimated)
- Primary completion25 Mar 2026 (estimated)
- Study completion25 Mar 2026 (estimated)
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for Attitude of Health PersonnelStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Observational
- Observational model
- Other
- Time perspective
- Cross-sectional
- Enrolment
- 300 participants (estimated)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Uşak University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Pamukkale University
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07296380
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- E-60116787-020-789576
- Status last verified
- Dec 2025
- First submitted
- 8 Dec 2025
- Last updated
- 22 Dec 2025
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No: Because data is collected entirely on a voluntary basis, protecting participant privacy is a priority. Therefore, there are no plans to share Individual Participant Data (IPD) with third parties.