Visual ImpairmentsNCT07265024
Traditional Exercise RCT in Visually Impaired Adults
A study testing Taichi and Baduanjin in people with Visual Impairments, run by Northeast Normal University at 1 site in China.
Trial summary
This study aims to investigate the benefits and underlying mechanisms of traditional exercise interventions on the physical and mental health of individuals with visual impairments. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 years and older
- Conditions the study is for
- Visual Impairments
- What is being tested?
- Taichi and Baduanjin
- Type of treatment
- Lifestyle or therapy programme
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 90 participants
- Where
- 1 siteChina
- Study dates
- 20 Nov 2025to 1 Feb 2026
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- Not yet: the study is under way
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 years and older
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- University students with visual impairment, defined as visual acuity ≤ 0.05 or a visual field radius ≤ 10 degrees.
- Able to ambulate independently without assistance.
- No severe cardiovascular diseases.
Who cannot join
- Presence of severe physical illnesses or comorbid conditions that may affect participation.
- History of psychiatric disorders.
- Participation in other structured exercise training programs within the past three months.
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country. Contact the study team or a site near you to ask about taking part.
About this study
Official title: Randomized Controlled Trial on the Effects of Traditional Exercise Programs on the Physical and Mental Health of Visually Impaired Individuals
This study aims to investigate the benefits and underlying mechanisms of traditional exercise interventions on the physical and mental health of individuals with visual impairments. A randomized controlled trial design will be employed, enrolling 90 visually impaired participants who will be randomly assigned to one of three groups: a Tai Chi intervention group, a Baduanjin intervention group, or a control group. The Tai Chi group will undergo a 12-week simplified 21-form Tai Chi training program, while the Baduanjin group will receive standardized Baduanjin training. The control group will participate in regular school physical education classes. Eligible participants are university students with visual impairments, defined as having visual acuity ≤ 0.05 or a visual field radius ≤ 10 degrees.
- Conditions
- Visual Impairments
- Being tested
- Taichi, Baduanjin
- Keywords
- visual impairments, traditional exercise
- Medical subject headings
- Vision Disorders
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
TaichiBehavioural
Participants in the Tai Chi group will receive a 12-week simplified 21-form Tai Chi training program. The intervention will consist of supervised sessions conducted three times per week, each lasting approximately 60 minutes. Sessions will include a standardized warm-up, instruction and practice of the 21-form Tai Chi routine, and a brief cool-down period. All training will be delivered by certified Tai Chi instructors experienced in working with individuals with visual impairments. Attendance and adherence will be monitored throughout the intervention period.
BaduanjinBehavioural
Participants in the Baduanjin group will undergo a 12-week standardized Baduanjin training program. The intervention will be delivered three times per week, with each supervised session lasting approximately 60 minutes. Training sessions will include a structured warm-up, guided practice of the standardized Baduanjin routine, and a brief cool-down period. All sessions will be led by qualified instructors with experience working with visually impaired individuals. Participant attendance and adherence will be recorded throughout the intervention period.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Taichi | Experimental | Not described Receives: Behavioral: Baduanjin |
| Baduanjin | Experimental | Not described Receives: Behavioral: Taichi |
| Control Group | No intervention | Not described |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Single-Leg Stance Test
Assessment of static balance ability by measuring the duration participants can maintain a single-leg stance before and after the intervention.
Measured: Month 3
Timed Up-and-Go (TUG) Test
Evaluation of dynamic balance and functional mobility using the timed up-and-go test, recorded at baseline and post-intervention.
Measured: Month 3
Berg Balance Scale (BBS)
Measurement of overall balance performance using the 14-item Berg Balance Scale, administered before and after the intervention.
Measured: Month 3
Six-Minute Walk Test (6MWT)
Assessment of cardiorespiratory endurance using the six-minute walk test at baseline and following the intervention.
Measured: Month 3
Handgrip Strength Test
Evaluation of upper-limb muscular strength using a calibrated handgrip dynamometer, performed before and after the intervention.
Measured: Month 3
Flexibility Test
Measurement of lower-body flexibility using a standardized sit-and-reach test conducted at baseline and post-intervention.
Measured: Month 3
Self-Rated Depression Scale (SDS)
Assessment of depressive symptoms using the Self-Rated Depression Scale before and after the intervention.
Measured: Month 3
Self-Rated Anxiety Scale (SAS)
Evaluation of anxiety symptoms using the Self-Rated Anxiety Scale administered at baseline and post-intervention.
Measured: Month 3
General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES)
Measurement of perceived self-efficacy using the General Self-Efficacy Scale at baseline and after the intervention.
Measured: Month 3
WHO Quality of Life-BREF (WHOQOL-BREF)
Assessment of overall quality of life across physical, psychological, social, and environmental domains using the WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire, conducted before and after the intervention.
Measured: Month 3
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted4 Dec 2025
- Study start20 Nov 2025
- Primary completion24 Jan 2026 (estimated)
- Study completion1 Feb 2026 (estimated)
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for Visual ImpairmentsStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Triple blind
- Who is masked
- Participant, Care provider, Outcomes assessor
- Enrolment
- 90 participants (estimated)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Northeast Normal University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Changchun University
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Guang Yang, Prof. Dr., Northeast Normal University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07265024
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- CCEE2026
- Status last verified
- Dec 2025
- First submitted
- 20 Nov 2025
- Last updated
- 4 Dec 2025
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- Undecided
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 4 Dec 2025. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Randomized Controlled Trial on the Effects of Traditional Exercise Programs on the Physical and Mental Health of Visually Impaired Individuals
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07265024
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- CCEE2026
- Conditions
- Visual Impairments
- Keywords
- visual impairments, traditional exercise
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Enrolling by invitation
- Enrolment
- 90 participants (estimated)
- Lead sponsor
- Northeast Normal UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Changchun University
- Study start
- 20 Nov 2025 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 24 Jan 2026 (estimated)
- Study completion
- 1 Feb 2026 (estimated)
- First posted
- 4 Dec 2025 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
This study aims to investigate the benefits and underlying mechanisms of traditional exercise interventions on the physical and mental health of individuals with visual impairments. A randomized controlled trial design will be employed, enrolling 90 visually impaired participants who will be randomly assigned to one of three groups: a Tai Chi intervention group, a Baduanjin intervention group, or a control group. The Tai Chi group will undergo a 12-week simplified 21-form Tai Chi training program, while the Baduanjin group will receive standardized Baduanjin training. The control group will participate in regular school physical education classes. Eligible participants are university students with visual impairments, defined as having visual acuity ≤ 0.05 or a visual field radius ≤ 10 degrees.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Triple blind (participant, care provider, outcomes assessor)
- Number of arms
- 3
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Taichi | Experimental | Behavioral: Baduanjin |
| Baduanjin | Experimental | Behavioral: Taichi |
| Control Group | No intervention | – |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 years and older
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (3 listed)
- University students with visual impairment, defined as visual acuity ≤ 0.05 or a visual field radius ≤ 10 degrees.
- Able to ambulate independently without assistance.
- No severe cardiovascular diseases.
Key exclusion criteria (3 listed)
- Presence of severe physical illnesses or comorbid conditions that may affect participation.
- History of psychiatric disorders.
- Participation in other structured exercise training programs within the past three months.
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| TaichiParticipants in the Tai Chi group will receive a 12-week simplified 21-form Tai Chi training program. The intervention will consist of supervised sessions conducted three times per week, each lasting approximately 60 minutes. Sessions will include a standardized warm-up, instruction and practice of the 21-form Tai Chi routine, and a brief cool-down period. All training will be delivered by certified Tai Chi instructors experienced in working with individuals with visual impairments. Attendance and adherence will be monitored throughout the intervention period. | Behavioural | Baduanjin |
| BaduanjinParticipants in the Baduanjin group will undergo a 12-week standardized Baduanjin training program. The intervention will be delivered three times per week, with each supervised session lasting approximately 60 minutes. Training sessions will include a structured warm-up, guided practice of the standardized Baduanjin routine, and a brief cool-down period. All sessions will be led by qualified instructors with experience working with visually impaired individuals. Participant attendance and adherence will be recorded throughout the intervention period. | Behavioural | Taichi |
Primary outcome
Single-Leg Stance Test
Time frame: Month 3
Assessment of static balance ability by measuring the duration participants can maintain a single-leg stance before and after the intervention.
Timed Up-and-Go (TUG) Test
Time frame: Month 3
Evaluation of dynamic balance and functional mobility using the timed up-and-go test, recorded at baseline and post-intervention.
Berg Balance Scale (BBS)
Time frame: Month 3
Measurement of overall balance performance using the 14-item Berg Balance Scale, administered before and after the intervention.
Six-Minute Walk Test (6MWT)
Time frame: Month 3
Assessment of cardiorespiratory endurance using the six-minute walk test at baseline and following the intervention.
Handgrip Strength Test
Time frame: Month 3
Evaluation of upper-limb muscular strength using a calibrated handgrip dynamometer, performed before and after the intervention.
Flexibility Test
Time frame: Month 3
Measurement of lower-body flexibility using a standardized sit-and-reach test conducted at baseline and post-intervention.
Self-Rated Depression Scale (SDS)
Time frame: Month 3
Assessment of depressive symptoms using the Self-Rated Depression Scale before and after the intervention.
Self-Rated Anxiety Scale (SAS)
Time frame: Month 3
Evaluation of anxiety symptoms using the Self-Rated Anxiety Scale administered at baseline and post-intervention.
General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES)
Time frame: Month 3
Measurement of perceived self-efficacy using the General Self-Efficacy Scale at baseline and after the intervention.
WHO Quality of Life-BREF (WHOQOL-BREF)
Time frame: Month 3
Assessment of overall quality of life across physical, psychological, social, and environmental domains using the WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire, conducted before and after the intervention.
Results and safety
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 4 Dec 2025.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: Undecided
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part.
The record lists no contact. Use the official record to reach the sponsor.
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Taichi and Baduanjin in people with Visual Impairments, run by Northeast Normal University at 1 site in China.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 3 inclusion and 3 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: enrolling by invitation, as of the sponsor's last update on 4 Dec 2025. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in China. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Single-Leg Stance Test (time frame: Month 3). The study lists 10 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 4 Dec 2025.