Intellectual Disabilities (F70-F79)NCT07205406
Parenting Training Effect on Quality of Life and Parenting in Parents Who Have Children With Intellectual Disabilities
A study testing group based-parenting training in people with Intellectual Disabilities (F70-F79) and Quality of Life, run by STIKes Satria Bhakti Nganjuk at 1 site in Indonesia.
Trial summary
We conducted a non-randomized control trial. One hundred and forty-one participants in eleven special schools were included in an intervention group (N=71) to participate in parenteral training once a week for five weeks, and in a control group (N=70). Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 30 years and older, women only
- Conditions the study is for
- Intellectual Disabilities (F70-F79), Quality of Life, Parenting Intervention
- What is being tested?
- group based-parenting training
- Type of treatment
- Lifestyle or therapy programme
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 141 participants
- Where
- 1 siteIndonesia
- Study dates
- 1 Jan 2025to 31 Aug 2025
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 30 years and older
- Women only
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- having a child aged 7-18 years who has mild and moderate intellectual disabilities
- living in the same house as a child with intellectual disabilities
- being able to communicate fluently
Who cannot join
- having disabilities
- having a child with intellectual disabilities who has a chronic disease
- having a child with intellectual disabilities and other disabilities bilities
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
About this study
Official title: Effect of Parenting Training on Quality of Life and Parenting in Parents Who Have Children With Intellectual Disabilities
We conducted a non-randomized control trial. One hundred and forty-one participants in eleven special schools were included in an intervention group (N=71) to participate in parenteral training once a week for five weeks, and in a control group (N=70). Quality of care was evaluated using the Parenting Sense of Competence (PSOC), and quality of life was evaluated using the World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL-BREF) before and one week after the intervention. The study used within-group analysis (Wilcoxon test) and intergroup analysis (Mann-Whitney U test) to evaluate the effects of group-based parenting training. The Point-biserial correlation test was used to evaluate the effect size.
Read the detailed description
This study used a quasi-experimental design, which was conducted based on a pretest-posttest control group. One hundred and forty-one mothers who have children with intellectual disabilities attending special schools in East Java, Indonesia, were recruited and divided into intervention (N=71) and control group (N = 70) according to a special school using a convenience sampling method.
The inclusion criteria were
- having a child aged 7-18 years who has mild and moderate intellectual disabilities
- living in the same house as a child with intellectual disabilities,
- being able to communicate fluently The exclusion criteria were
- having disabilities
- having a child with intellectual disabilities who has a chronic disease
- having a child with intellectual disabilities and other disabilities Parenting quality was evaluated using the Parenting Sense of Competence (PSOC) developed by Gibaud-Wallston and Wandersman, adapted from Johnston and Marsh. Quality of life was evaluated using the World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL-BREF) (Cronbach Alpha= 0.66-0.8) developed by the WHO . The control and intervention groups were given a parenting guidebook for children with intellectual disabilities. The intervention group received approximately three hours of parenting training once a week for 5 weeks. The intervention group received parenting training focused on understanding children with intellectual disabilities in the first week, practical parenting skills in the second week, and how to provide emotional support and regulate parental emotions in the third week. Knowledge and skills were reinforced in the fourth and fifth weeks. The intervention group received training in small groups, each consisting of only 10 participants. The training involved experts in mental health counseling, pediatric nurses, special school teachers, and a motivator. The Wilcoxon and Mann-Whitney U tests were used for continuous variables with non-normal distributions, as well as the Chi-squared test for qualitative variables. The Wilcoxon and Mann-Whitney U tests were used for continuous variables with non-normal distributions. A p-value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. The point-biserial correlation test was used to evaluate the effect size.
- Being tested
- group based-parenting training
- Keywords
- intellectual disabilities, parenting, quality of life, parenting training
- Medical subject headings
- Intellectual Disability
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
group based-parenting trainingBehavioural
The group received approximately three hours of parenting training once a week for 5 weeks that focused on understanding children with ID in the first week, practical parenting skills in the second week, and how to provide emotional support and regulate parental emotions in the third week. Knowledge and skills were reinforced in the fourth and fifth weeks. The intervention group received training in small groups, each consisting of only 10 participants. The training involved experts in mental health counseling, pediatric nurses, special school teachers, and a motivator.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| parenting training group | Experimental | mothers who have children with intellectual disabilities received parenting training in a group for approximately three hours, once a week for 5 weeks. They also received a parenting guidebook for children with intellectual disabilities Receives: Behavioral: group based-parenting training |
| control group | No intervention | mothers who have children with intellectual disabilities received a parenting guidebook for children with intellectual disabilities |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
quality of life of parents who have intellectual diasabilities
Quality of life of parents was evaluated using the World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL-BREF) developed by the WHO The WHOQOL-BREF consists of four domains (physical health, psychological, social relationships, and environment) with 26 questions. The total score for each domain is transformed to a scale of 0-100 according to the scoring guidelines.
Measured: 1 week after intervention
Parenting quality
Parenting quality was evaluated using the Parenting Sense of Competence (PSOC) developed by Gibaud-Wallston and Wandersman, adapted from Johnston and Marsh. The PSOC consists of the domains of satisfaction and self-efficacy with parenting, which are assessed with 16 questions, with a satisfaction score ranging from 9 to 54 and a self-efficacy score from 7 to 42.
Measured: 1 week after intervention
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted3 Oct 2025
- Study start1 Jan 2025
- Primary completion31 Aug 2025
- Study completion31 Aug 2025
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (5)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Intellectual Disabilities (F70-F79)Studies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Non-randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind
- Who is masked
- Participant
- Enrolment
- 141 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- STIKes Satria Bhakti Nganjuk
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Rahayu Budi Utami, STIKes Satria Bhakti Nganjuk
- Investigators
- Rahayu B Utami, Magister, Principal investigator, STIKes Satria Bhakti Nganjuk
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07205406
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- STIKesNganjuk
- Status last verified
- Sep 2025
- First submitted
- 18 Sep 2025
- Last updated
- 3 Oct 2025
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- Yes
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Publications
Jenaro C, Flores N, Gutierrez-Bermejo B, Vega V, Perez C, Cruz M. Parental Stress and Family Quality of Life: Surveying Family Members of Persons with Intellectual Disabilities. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Dec 3;17(23):9007. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17239007.
PubMed 33287284Grenier-Martin, J., Rivard, M., Patel, S., Lanovaz, M. J., & Lefebvre, C. (2022). Randomized controlled trial on an online training to support caregivers of young children with intellectual and developmental disability managing problem behaviors at home. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 31(12), 3485-3497.
Coren E, Ramsbotham K, Gschwandtner M. Parent training interventions for parents with intellectual disability. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2018 Jul 13;7(7):CD007987. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD007987.pub3.
PubMed 30004571Barratt M, Lewis P, Duckworth N, Jojo N, Malecka V, Tomsone S, Rituma D, Wilson NJ. Parental Experiences of Quality of Life When Caring for Their Children With Intellectual Disability: A Meta-Aggregation Systematic Review. J Appl Res Intellect Disabil. 2025 Jan;38(1):e70005. doi: 10.1111/jar.70005.
PubMed 39763193Alghamdi SA, Assiri MI, Fallatah RA, Albeladi FM, Alabdulaziz H, Alsaggaf F. Health-promoting activities among Saudi Arabian parents of children with disabilities: A cross-sectional study. Belitung Nurs J. 2025 Jan 26;11(1):75-82. doi: 10.33546/bnj.3624. eCollection 2025.
PubMed 39877218
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 3 Oct 2025. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Effect of Parenting Training on Quality of Life and Parenting in Parents Who Have Children With Intellectual Disabilities
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07205406
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- STIKesNganjuk
- Keywords
- intellectual disabilities, parenting, quality of life, parenting training
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 141 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- STIKes Satria Bhakti NganjukUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 1 Jan 2025 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 31 Aug 2025 (actual)
- Study completion
- 31 Aug 2025 (actual)
- First posted
- 3 Oct 2025 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
We conducted a non-randomized control trial. One hundred and forty-one participants in eleven special schools were included in an intervention group (N=71) to participate in parenteral training once a week for five weeks, and in a control group (N=70). Quality of care was evaluated using the Parenting Sense of Competence (PSOC), and quality of life was evaluated using the World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL-BREF) before and one week after the intervention. The study used within-group analysis (Wilcoxon test) and intergroup analysis (Mann-Whitney U test) to evaluate the effects of group-based parenting training. The Point-biserial correlation test was used to evaluate the effect size.
Detailed description
This study used a quasi-experimental design, which was conducted based on a pretest-posttest control group. One hundred and forty-one mothers who have children with intellectual disabilities attending special schools in East Java, Indonesia, were recruited and divided into intervention (N=71) and control group (N = 70) according to a special school using a convenience sampling method.
The inclusion criteria were
- having a child aged 7-18 years who has mild and moderate intellectual disabilities
- living in the same house as a child with intellectual disabilities,
- being able to communicate fluently The exclusion criteria were
- having disabilities
- having a child with intellectual disabilities who has a chronic disease
- having a child with intellectual disabilities and other disabilities Parenting quality was evaluated using the Parenting Sense of Competence (PSOC) developed by Gibaud-Wallston and Wandersman, adapted from Johnston and Marsh. Quality of life was evaluated using the World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL-BREF) (Cronbach Alpha= 0.66-0.8) developed by the WHO . The control and intervention groups were given a parenting guidebook for children with intellectual disabilities. The intervention group received approximately three hours of parenting training once a week for 5 weeks. The intervention group received parenting training focused on understanding children with intellectual disabilities in the first week, practical parenting skills in the second week, and how to provide emotional support and regulate parental emotions in the third week. Knowledge and skills were reinforced in the fourth and fifth weeks. The intervention group received training in small groups, each consisting of only 10 participants. The training involved experts in mental health counseling, pediatric nurses, special school teachers, and a motivator. The Wilcoxon and Mann-Whitney U tests were used for continuous variables with non-normal distributions, as well as the Chi-squared test for qualitative variables. The Wilcoxon and Mann-Whitney U tests were used for continuous variables with non-normal distributions. A p-value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. The point-biserial correlation test was used to evaluate the effect size.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Non-randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind (participant)
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| parenting training group | Experimental | Behavioral: group based-parenting trainingmothers who have children with intellectual disabilities received parenting training in a group for approximately three hours, once a week for 5 weeks. They also received a parenting guidebook for children with intellectual disabilities |
| control group | No intervention | –mothers who have children with intellectual disabilities received a parenting guidebook for children with intellectual disabilities |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 30 years and older
- Sex
- Female only
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (3 listed)
- having a child aged 7-18 years who has mild and moderate intellectual disabilities
- living in the same house as a child with intellectual disabilities
- being able to communicate fluently
Key exclusion criteria (3 listed)
- having disabilities
- having a child with intellectual disabilities who has a chronic disease
- having a child with intellectual disabilities and other disabilities bilities
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| group based-parenting trainingThe group received approximately three hours of parenting training once a week for 5 weeks that focused on understanding children with ID in the first week, practical parenting skills in the second week, and how to provide emotional support and regulate parental emotions in the third week. Knowledge and skills were reinforced in the fourth and fifth weeks. The intervention group received training in small groups, each consisting of only 10 participants. The training involved experts in mental health counseling, pediatric nurses, special school teachers, and a motivator. | Behavioural | parenting training group |
Primary outcome
quality of life of parents who have intellectual diasabilities
Time frame: 1 week after intervention
Quality of life of parents was evaluated using the World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL-BREF) developed by the WHO The WHOQOL-BREF consists of four domains (physical health, psychological, social relationships, and environment) with 26 questions. The total score for each domain is transformed to a scale of 0-100 according to the scoring guidelines.
Parenting quality
Time frame: 1 week after intervention
Parenting quality was evaluated using the Parenting Sense of Competence (PSOC) developed by Gibaud-Wallston and Wandersman, adapted from Johnston and Marsh. The PSOC consists of the domains of satisfaction and self-efficacy with parenting, which are assessed with 16 questions, with a satisfaction score ranging from 9 to 54 and a self-efficacy score from 7 to 42.
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 3 Oct 2025.
- Background: PubMed 33287284Jenaro C, Flores N, Gutierrez-Bermejo B, Vega V, Perez C, Cruz M. Parental Stress and Family Quality of Life: Surveying Family Members of Persons with Intellectual Disabilities. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Dec 3;17(23):9007. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17239007.
- BackgroundGrenier-Martin, J., Rivard, M., Patel, S., Lanovaz, M. J., & Lefebvre, C. (2022). Randomized controlled trial on an online training to support caregivers of young children with intellectual and developmental disability managing problem behaviors at home. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 31(12), 3485-3497.
- Background: PubMed 30004571Coren E, Ramsbotham K, Gschwandtner M. Parent training interventions for parents with intellectual disability. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2018 Jul 13;7(7):CD007987. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD007987.pub3.
- Background: PubMed 39763193Barratt M, Lewis P, Duckworth N, Jojo N, Malecka V, Tomsone S, Rituma D, Wilson NJ. Parental Experiences of Quality of Life When Caring for Their Children With Intellectual Disability: A Meta-Aggregation Systematic Review. J Appl Res Intellect Disabil. 2025 Jan;38(1):e70005. doi: 10.1111/jar.70005.
- Background: PubMed 39877218Alghamdi SA, Assiri MI, Fallatah RA, Albeladi FM, Alabdulaziz H, Alsaggaf F. Health-promoting activities among Saudi Arabian parents of children with disabilities: A cross-sectional study. Belitung Nurs J. 2025 Jan 26;11(1):75-82. doi: 10.33546/bnj.3624. eCollection 2025.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Rahayu B Utami, Magister principal investigator
STIKes Satria Bhakti Nganjuk
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing group based-parenting training in people with Intellectual Disabilities (F70-F79) and Quality of Life, run by STIKes Satria Bhakti Nganjuk at 1 site in Indonesia.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 3 inclusion and 3 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 3 Oct 2025. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Indonesia. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
quality of life of parents who have intellectual diasabilities (time frame: 1 week after intervention). The study lists 2 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT07205406, which also lists 5 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 3 Oct 2025.