Total Hip ArthroplastyNCT07186400
The Test-retest Reliability and Concurrent Validity of the Figure of Eight Walk Test and the 360° Turn Test
An observational study of Total Hip Arthroplasty, run by Artvin Coruh University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
Trial summary
To the best of the authors' knowledge, there are no existing studies that have evaluated the reliability and validity of the Figure-of-Eight Walk Test (F8WT) and the 360° Turn Test (360°TT) specifically in patients with total hip arthroplasty (PwTHA). Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Any age
- Conditions the study is for
- Total Hip Arthroplasty
- How many people
- 54 participants
- Where
- 1 siteTurkey (Türkiye)
- Study dates
- 20 Sep 2025to 30 Dec 2025
- How long will I take part?
- 3 Months
- Phase
- Observational
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages Any age
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Child, Adult, Older adult
Study population: Participants who have undergone total hip arthroplasty and are enrolled to evaluate the reliability and validity of performance-based outcome measures.
Who may be able to join
- surgery performed at least 6 months prior;
- unilateral total hip arthroplasty;
- patients who scored at least 24 points on the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE).
Who cannot join
- a history of additional surgery on the lower extremities;
- bilateral THA or revision surgery;
- severe neurological or orthopedic conditions that may influence musculoskeletal mobility or walking;
- body mass index (BMI) of 40 kg/m² or higher;
- lack of consent to participate in the study.
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
About this study
Official title: Beyond Straight Lines: The Test-retest Reliability and Concurrent Validity of the Figure of Eight Walk Test and the 360° Turn Test in Patients With Total Hip Arthroplasty
To the best of the authors' knowledge, there are no existing studies that have evaluated the reliability and validity of the Figure-of-Eight Walk Test (F8WT) and the 360° Turn Test (360°TT) specifically in patients with total hip arthroplasty (PwTHA). The objective of this investigation was to assess the test-retest reliability and concurrent validity of the F8WT and 360°TT within this patient population.
Read the detailed description
This study involves a cross-sectional design with 54 unilateral PwTHA cases. Assessments to be conducted during the first session include the F8WT, 360°TT, Timed Up and Go (TUG), and Harris Hip Score (HHS). Subsequently, the F8WT and 360°TT will be retested one hour after the initial test. The reliability of these tests will be determined using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Concurrent validity will be assessed using the Pearson correlation coefficient. Additionally, the standard error of measurement (SEM95) and minimum detectable change (MDC95) will be calculated for the F8WT and 360°TT.
- Conditions
- Total Hip Arthroplasty
- Keywords
- total hip arthroplasty, test-retest reliability, validity, balance
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Patients with Total Hip Arthroplasty | Participants who have undergone total hip arthroplasty and are enrolled to evaluate the reliability and validity of performance-based outcome measures. |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Figure of eight walk test (F8WT)
The F8WT was developed to evaluate parameters such as gait speed, balance, and directional turning capabilities. The protocol involves participants walking in a figure-eight pattern around two cones positioned 1.52 meters apart. Timing commences when participants initiate the task from the midpoint of the figure-eight trajectory and concludes upon their return to the starting location. Participants' walking directions and chosen speeds are adjusted according to individual preferences and comfort levels.
Measured: Baseline
Figure of eight walk test (F8WT)
The F8WT was developed to evaluate parameters such as gait speed, balance, and directional turning capabilities. The protocol involves participants walking in a figure-eight pattern around two cones positioned 1.52 meters apart. Timing commences when participants initiate the task from the midpoint of the figure-eight trajectory and concludes upon their return to the starting location. Participants' walking directions and chosen speeds are adjusted according to individual preferences and comfort levels.
Measured: 1 hour after baseline
360° turn test (360°TT)
The 360°TT serves as a performance evaluation tool aimed at assessing dynamic balance capabilities. The protocol requires participants to execute a complete 360° turn in the shortest possible duration. Turn time and the number of steps employed during the maneuver are recorded using a stopwatch. A turn duration exceeding 2.1 seconds is indicative of a heightened risk of balance deterioration and potential functional impairment.
Measured: Baseline
360° turn test (360°TT)
The 360°TT serves as a performance evaluation tool aimed at assessing dynamic balance capabilities. The protocol requires participants to execute a complete 360° turn in the shortest possible duration. Turn time and the number of steps employed during the maneuver are recorded using a stopwatch. A turn duration exceeding 2.1 seconds is indicative of a heightened risk of balance deterioration and potential functional impairment.
Measured: 1 hour after baseline
Secondary outcomes (2)
Timed up and go test (TUG)
Physical performance will be assessed using the TUG test, which is known for its reliability among PwTHA. The procedure involved standing up from a 45 cm chair, walking along a 3-metre path, turning around, and sitting back down on the chair. It will be used to examine concurrent validity against the F8WT and 360° Turn Test.
Measured: Baseline
Harris hip score (HHS)
The HHS is a comprehensive, multidimensional instrument specifically designed to clinically assess patients with total hip arthroplasty (PwTHA). It consists of four distinct domains: pain, function, deformity, and range of motion (ROM). The total possible score is 100 points, with higher scores indicating better functional status. It will be used to examine concurrent validity against the F8WT and 360° Turn Test.
Measured: Baseline
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted22 Sep 2025
- Study start20 Sep 2025
- Primary completion30 Dec 2025
- Study completion30 Dec 2025
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (13)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Total Hip ArthroplastyStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Observational
- Observational model
- Other
- Time perspective
- Cross-sectional
- Enrolment
- 54 participants (actual)
- Target duration
- 3 Months
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Artvin Coruh University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Zeynep Yıldız Kızkın, Artvin Coruh University
- Investigators
- Zeynep Yıldız Kızkın, Dr., Principal investigator, Artvin Coruh University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07186400
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- Test-retest reliability
- Status last verified
- Mar 2026
- First submitted
- 15 Sep 2025
- Last updated
- 17 Mar 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Publications
Bahl JS, Nelson MJ, Taylor M, Solomon LB, Arnold JB, Thewlis D. Biomechanical changes and recovery of gait function after total hip arthroplasty for osteoarthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 2018 Jul;26(7):847-863. doi: 10.1016/j.joca.2018.02.897. Epub 2018 Feb 21.
PubMed 29474993Yarar HA, Narin S, Erduran M, Gurbanov I. The test-retest reliability and concurrent validity of 360 degrees turn test in patients with knee osteoarthritis. Somatosens Mot Res. 2024 Jun;41(2):90-96. doi: 10.1080/08990220.2023.2178402. Epub 2023 Feb 14.
PubMed 36786842Barker KL, Batting M, Schlussel M, Newman M. The reliability and validity of the Figure of 8 Walk test in older people with knee replacement: does the setting have an impact? Physiotherapy. 2019 Mar;105(1):76-83. doi: 10.1016/j.physio.2018.07.003. Epub 2018 Jul 25.
PubMed 30241701Tillman M, Molino J, Zaferiou AM. Frontal plane balance during pre-planned and late-cued 90 degree turns while walking. J Biomech. 2022 Aug;141:111206. doi: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2022.111206. Epub 2022 Jun 20.
PubMed 35772242Almajid R, Goel R, Tucker C, Keshner E. Balance confidence and turning behavior as a measure of fall risk. Gait Posture. 2020 Jul;80:1-6. doi: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2020.05.020. Epub 2020 May 20.
PubMed 32454377Mokkink LB, Elsman EBM, Terwee CB. COSMIN guideline for systematic reviews of patient-reported outcome measures version 2.0. Qual Life Res. 2024 Nov;33(11):2929-2939. doi: 10.1007/s11136-024-03761-6. Epub 2024 Aug 28.
PubMed 39198348Folstein MF, Folstein SE, McHugh PR. "Mini-mental state". A practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician. J Psychiatr Res. 1975 Nov;12(3):189-98. doi: 10.1016/0022-3956(75)90026-6. No abstract available.
PubMed 1202204Ozden F, Ozkeskin M, Ar E, Yuceyar N. Gait assessment in shaped pathways: The test-retest reliability and concurrent validity of the figure of eight test and L test in multiple sclerosis patients without mobility aids. Mult Scler Relat Disord. 2022 Sep;65:103998. doi: 10.1016/j.msard.2022.103998. Epub 2022 Jun 25.
PubMed 35777291Dobson F, Hinman RS, Hall M, Marshall CJ, Sayer T, Anderson C, Newcomb N, Stratford PW, Bennell KL. Reliability and measurement error of the Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) recommended performance-based tests of physical function in people with hip and knee osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 2017 Nov;25(11):1792-1796. doi: 10.1016/j.joca.2017.06.006. Epub 2017 Jun 22.
PubMed 28647467Ramadanov N, Voss M, Hable R, Hakam HT, Prill R, Salzmann M, Dimitrov D, Becker R. Postoperative Harris Hip Score Versus Harris Hip Score Difference in Hip Replacement: What to Report? Orthop Surg. 2025 Jan;17(1):3-21. doi: 10.1111/os.14272. Epub 2024 Oct 21.
PubMed 39434235Celik D, Can C, Aslan Y, Ceylan HH, Bilsel K, Ozdincler AR. Translation, cross-cultural adaptation, and validation of the Turkish version of the Harris Hip Score. Hip Int. 2014 Sep-Oct;24(5):473-9. doi: 10.5301/hipint.5000146. Epub 2014 Sep 10.
PubMed 25264204Pittenger DJ. Internet research: an opportunity to revisit classic ethical problems in behavioral research. Ethics Behav. 2003;13(1):45-60. doi: 10.1207/S15327019EB1301_08.
PubMed 14552304Gandhi R, Tsvetkov D, Davey JR, Syed KA, Mahomed NN. Relationship between self-reported and performance-based tests in a hip and knee joint replacement population. Clin Rheumatol. 2009 Mar;28(3):253-7. doi: 10.1007/s10067-008-1021-y. Epub 2008 Oct 8.
PubMed 18853222
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 17 Mar 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Beyond Straight Lines: The Test-retest Reliability and Concurrent Validity of the Figure of Eight Walk Test and the 360° Turn Test in Patients With Total Hip Arthroplasty
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07186400
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- Test-retest reliability
- Conditions
- Total Hip Arthroplasty
- Keywords
- total hip arthroplasty, test-retest reliability, validity, balance
- Study type
- Observational
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 54 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Artvin Coruh UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 20 Sep 2025 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 30 Dec 2025 (actual)
- Study completion
- 30 Dec 2025 (actual)
- First posted
- 22 Sep 2025 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
To the best of the authors' knowledge, there are no existing studies that have evaluated the reliability and validity of the Figure-of-Eight Walk Test (F8WT) and the 360° Turn Test (360°TT) specifically in patients with total hip arthroplasty (PwTHA). The objective of this investigation was to assess the test-retest reliability and concurrent validity of the F8WT and 360°TT within this patient population.
Detailed description
This study involves a cross-sectional design with 54 unilateral PwTHA cases. Assessments to be conducted during the first session include the F8WT, 360°TT, Timed Up and Go (TUG), and Harris Hip Score (HHS). Subsequently, the F8WT and 360°TT will be retested one hour after the initial test. The reliability of these tests will be determined using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Concurrent validity will be assessed using the Pearson correlation coefficient. Additionally, the standard error of measurement (SEM95) and minimum detectable change (MDC95) will be calculated for the F8WT and 360°TT.
Study design
- Observational model
- Other
- Time perspective
- Cross-sectional
- Target follow-up
- 3 Months
- Number of arms
- 1
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Patients with Total Hip Arthroplasty | – | –Participants who have undergone total hip arthroplasty and are enrolled to evaluate the reliability and validity of performance-based outcome measures. |
Who may qualify
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Child, Adult, Older adult
- Study population
- Participants who have undergone total hip arthroplasty and are enrolled to evaluate the reliability and validity of performance-based outcome measures.
Key inclusion criteria (3 listed)
- surgery performed at least 6 months prior;
- unilateral total hip arthroplasty;
- patients who scored at least 24 points on the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE).
Key exclusion criteria (5 listed)
- a history of additional surgery on the lower extremities;
- bilateral THA or revision surgery;
- severe neurological or orthopedic conditions that may influence musculoskeletal mobility or walking;
- body mass index (BMI) of 40 kg/m² or higher;
- lack of consent to participate in the study.
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Primary outcome
Figure of eight walk test (F8WT)
Time frame: Baseline
The F8WT was developed to evaluate parameters such as gait speed, balance, and directional turning capabilities. The protocol involves participants walking in a figure-eight pattern around two cones positioned 1.52 meters apart. Timing commences when participants initiate the task from the midpoint of the figure-eight trajectory and concludes upon their return to the starting location. Participants' walking directions and chosen speeds are adjusted according to individual preferences and comfort levels.
Figure of eight walk test (F8WT)
Time frame: 1 hour after baseline
The F8WT was developed to evaluate parameters such as gait speed, balance, and directional turning capabilities. The protocol involves participants walking in a figure-eight pattern around two cones positioned 1.52 meters apart. Timing commences when participants initiate the task from the midpoint of the figure-eight trajectory and concludes upon their return to the starting location. Participants' walking directions and chosen speeds are adjusted according to individual preferences and comfort levels.
360° turn test (360°TT)
Time frame: Baseline
The 360°TT serves as a performance evaluation tool aimed at assessing dynamic balance capabilities. The protocol requires participants to execute a complete 360° turn in the shortest possible duration. Turn time and the number of steps employed during the maneuver are recorded using a stopwatch. A turn duration exceeding 2.1 seconds is indicative of a heightened risk of balance deterioration and potential functional impairment.
360° turn test (360°TT)
Time frame: 1 hour after baseline
The 360°TT serves as a performance evaluation tool aimed at assessing dynamic balance capabilities. The protocol requires participants to execute a complete 360° turn in the shortest possible duration. Turn time and the number of steps employed during the maneuver are recorded using a stopwatch. A turn duration exceeding 2.1 seconds is indicative of a heightened risk of balance deterioration and potential functional impairment.
2 secondary outcomes
Timed up and go test (TUG)
Time frame: Baseline
Harris hip score (HHS)
Time frame: Baseline
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 17 Mar 2026.
- Background: PubMed 29474993Bahl JS, Nelson MJ, Taylor M, Solomon LB, Arnold JB, Thewlis D. Biomechanical changes and recovery of gait function after total hip arthroplasty for osteoarthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 2018 Jul;26(7):847-863. doi: 10.1016/j.joca.2018.02.897. Epub 2018 Feb 21.
- Background: PubMed 36786842Yarar HA, Narin S, Erduran M, Gurbanov I. The test-retest reliability and concurrent validity of 360 degrees turn test in patients with knee osteoarthritis. Somatosens Mot Res. 2024 Jun;41(2):90-96. doi: 10.1080/08990220.2023.2178402. Epub 2023 Feb 14.
- Background: PubMed 30241701Barker KL, Batting M, Schlussel M, Newman M. The reliability and validity of the Figure of 8 Walk test in older people with knee replacement: does the setting have an impact? Physiotherapy. 2019 Mar;105(1):76-83. doi: 10.1016/j.physio.2018.07.003. Epub 2018 Jul 25.
- Background: PubMed 35772242Tillman M, Molino J, Zaferiou AM. Frontal plane balance during pre-planned and late-cued 90 degree turns while walking. J Biomech. 2022 Aug;141:111206. doi: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2022.111206. Epub 2022 Jun 20.
- Background: PubMed 32454377Almajid R, Goel R, Tucker C, Keshner E. Balance confidence and turning behavior as a measure of fall risk. Gait Posture. 2020 Jul;80:1-6. doi: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2020.05.020. Epub 2020 May 20.
- Background: PubMed 39198348Mokkink LB, Elsman EBM, Terwee CB. COSMIN guideline for systematic reviews of patient-reported outcome measures version 2.0. Qual Life Res. 2024 Nov;33(11):2929-2939. doi: 10.1007/s11136-024-03761-6. Epub 2024 Aug 28.
- Background: PubMed 1202204Folstein MF, Folstein SE, McHugh PR. "Mini-mental state". A practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician. J Psychiatr Res. 1975 Nov;12(3):189-98. doi: 10.1016/0022-3956(75)90026-6. No abstract available.
- Background: PubMed 35777291Ozden F, Ozkeskin M, Ar E, Yuceyar N. Gait assessment in shaped pathways: The test-retest reliability and concurrent validity of the figure of eight test and L test in multiple sclerosis patients without mobility aids. Mult Scler Relat Disord. 2022 Sep;65:103998. doi: 10.1016/j.msard.2022.103998. Epub 2022 Jun 25.
- Background: PubMed 28647467Dobson F, Hinman RS, Hall M, Marshall CJ, Sayer T, Anderson C, Newcomb N, Stratford PW, Bennell KL. Reliability and measurement error of the Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) recommended performance-based tests of physical function in people with hip and knee osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 2017 Nov;25(11):1792-1796. doi: 10.1016/j.joca.2017.06.006. Epub 2017 Jun 22.
- Background: PubMed 39434235Ramadanov N, Voss M, Hable R, Hakam HT, Prill R, Salzmann M, Dimitrov D, Becker R. Postoperative Harris Hip Score Versus Harris Hip Score Difference in Hip Replacement: What to Report? Orthop Surg. 2025 Jan;17(1):3-21. doi: 10.1111/os.14272. Epub 2024 Oct 21.
- Background: PubMed 25264204Celik D, Can C, Aslan Y, Ceylan HH, Bilsel K, Ozdincler AR. Translation, cross-cultural adaptation, and validation of the Turkish version of the Harris Hip Score. Hip Int. 2014 Sep-Oct;24(5):473-9. doi: 10.5301/hipint.5000146. Epub 2014 Sep 10.
- Background: PubMed 14552304Pittenger DJ. Internet research: an opportunity to revisit classic ethical problems in behavioral research. Ethics Behav. 2003;13(1):45-60. doi: 10.1207/S15327019EB1301_08.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Zeynep Yıldız Kızkın, Dr. principal investigator
Artvin Coruh University
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
An observational study of Total Hip Arthroplasty, run by Artvin Coruh University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 3 inclusion and 5 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 17 Mar 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye). Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Figure of eight walk test (F8WT) (time frame: Baseline). The study lists 4 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT07186400, which also lists 13 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 17 Mar 2026.