PregnancyNCT07151144
Effects of Massage and Shower on Birth Experience and Breastfeeding
A study testing Massage and Shower in people with Pregnancy and Delivery Care, run by Sakarya University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
Trial summary
Study Design This study is a quasi-experimental research designed to examine the effects of massage and warm shower-used as non-pharmacological methods during labor-on birth satisfaction, maternal comfort, and breastfeeding success. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 19 to 45 years, women onlyHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Pregnancy, Delivery Care
- What is being tested?
- Massage and Shower
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 120 participants
- Where
- 1 siteTurkey (Türkiye)
- Study dates
- 25 Aug 2025to 15 Dec 2025
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 19 to 45 years
- Women only
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult
Who may be able to join
- Between 37 and 42 weeks of gestation,
- Low-risk, singleton pregnancies,
- Planned for vaginal delivery,
- No significant obstetric complications during pregnancy,
- Voluntarily agreed to participate in the study.
Who cannot join
- -
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
About this study
Official title: The Impact of Massage and Shower, as Non-Pharmacological Interventions During Labor, on Birth Satisfaction, Maternal Comfort, and Breastfeeding Success
Study Design This study is a quasi-experimental research designed to examine the effects of massage and warm shower-used as non-pharmacological methods during labor-on birth satisfaction, maternal comfort, and breastfeeding success.
tudy Population
Read more
The study was conducted in the delivery unit of a public hospital in Turkey in 2025. The sample consisted of women who were experiencing their first pregnancy and giving birth for the first time. Inclusion criteria were as follows:
Between 37 and 42 weeks of gestation,
Low-risk, singleton pregnancies,
Planned for vaginal delivery,
No significant obstetric complications during pregnancy,
Voluntarily agreed to participate in the study.
A total of 120 participants were randomly assigned into three groups:
Massage Group (n=430): Received massage during labor.
Shower Group (n=40): Took a warm shower during labor.
Control Group (n=40): Received routine standard hospital care without any additional intervention.
Data Collection Tools
Data were collected using the following instruments:
Personal Information Form
Birth Satisfaction Scale
Birth Comfort Scale
Breastfeeding Success Scale Intervention Massage Group: During the active phase of labor (cervical dilation of 4-7 cm), participants received 15-minute sessions of light-pressure massage to the lower back, sacrum, and lumbar area at regular intervals.
Shower Group: During the same phase, participants were assisted to take a warm shower for approximately 20 minutes.
Control Group: Received routine intrapartum care with no additional non-pharmacological intervention
Read the detailed description
Before the intervention (baseline during early labor),
Immediately after birth (for comfort and satisfaction),
Within the first 2 hours postpartum (for breastfeeding success).
- Conditions
- Pregnancy, Delivery Care
- Being tested
- Massage, Shower
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
MassageOther
During the active phase of labor (cervical dilation of 4-7 cm), participants received 15-minute sessions of light-pressure massage to the lower back, sacrum, and lumbar area at regular intervals.
ShowerOther
During the same phase, participants were assisted to take a warm shower for approximately 20 minutes.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| intervention group | Experimental | Massage and Showe Receives: Other: Massage; Other: Shower |
| Control group | No intervention | Control group |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Birth Satisfaction
Evaluated using the Birth Satisfaction Scale (BSS), which measures a mother's satisfaction with her labor and delivery experience (The scale is a 30-item Likert-type scale. The lowest possible score is 30, and the highest is 150. A higher score indicates higher birth satisfaction.). The scale includes multiple dimensions such as quality of care, personal attributes, and stress experienced during labor.
25 September, 2025-15 December, 2025
Measured: up to 3 months
Maternal Comfort
Maternal Comfort: Assessed through the Birth Comfort Scale, which evaluates physical, emotional, and environmental aspects of comfort experienced by the mother during labor (The scale is a 34-item Likert-type scale. The lowest possible score is 34, and the highest is 170. A higher score indicates higher postpartum comfort).
25 September, 2025-15 December, 2025
Measured: up to 3 months
Breastfeeding Success:
Measured within the first hours postpartum using the LATCH Breastfeeding Assessment Tool, which assesses five components: Latch, Audible swallowing, Type of nipple, Comfort (breast/nipple), and Hold (positioning).A low score indicates unsuccessful breastfeeding, while a high score indicates successful breastfeeding.
Measured: Within the first 2 hours postpartum
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted3 Sep 2025
- Study start25 Aug 2025
- Primary completion15 Nov 2025
- Study completion15 Dec 2025
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for PregnancyStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by Sakarya UniversityThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Health services research
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind
- Who is masked
- Outcomes assessor
- Enrolment
- 120 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Sakarya University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, öznur tiryaki, Sakarya University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07151144
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- Eda Gökmen
- Status last verified
- Dec 2025
- First submitted
- 18 Jul 2025
- Last updated
- 2 Jan 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No: Ethically, patient information can be shared upon reasonable request without revealing their identities for security reasons.
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 2 Jan 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- The Impact of Massage and Shower, as Non-Pharmacological Interventions During Labor, on Birth Satisfaction, Maternal Comfort, and Breastfeeding Success
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07151144
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- Eda Gökmen
- Conditions
- Pregnancy, Delivery Care
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 120 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Sakarya UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 25 Aug 2025 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 15 Nov 2025 (actual)
- Study completion
- 15 Dec 2025 (actual)
- First posted
- 3 Sep 2025 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
Study Design This study is a quasi-experimental research designed to examine the effects of massage and warm shower-used as non-pharmacological methods during labor-on birth satisfaction, maternal comfort, and breastfeeding success.
tudy Population
The study was conducted in the delivery unit of a public hospital in Turkey in 2025. The sample consisted of women who were experiencing their first pregnancy and giving birth for the first time. Inclusion criteria were as follows:
Between 37 and 42 weeks of gestation,
Low-risk, singleton pregnancies,
Planned for vaginal delivery,
No significant obstetric complications during pregnancy,
Voluntarily agreed to participate in the study.
A total of 120 participants were randomly assigned into three groups:
Massage Group (n=430): Received massage during labor.
Shower Group (n=40): Took a warm shower during labor.
Control Group (n=40): Received routine standard hospital care without any additional intervention.
Data Collection Tools
Data were collected using the following instruments:
Personal Information Form
Birth Satisfaction Scale
Birth Comfort Scale
Breastfeeding Success Scale Intervention Massage Group: During the active phase of labor (cervical dilation of 4-7 cm), participants received 15-minute sessions of light-pressure massage to the lower back, sacrum, and lumbar area at regular intervals.
Shower Group: During the same phase, participants were assisted to take a warm shower for approximately 20 minutes.
Control Group: Received routine intrapartum care with no additional non-pharmacological intervention
Detailed description
Before the intervention (baseline during early labor),
Immediately after birth (for comfort and satisfaction),
Within the first 2 hours postpartum (for breastfeeding success).
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Health services research
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind (outcomes assessor)
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| intervention group | Experimental | Other: Massage, Other: ShowerMassage and Showe |
| Control group | No intervention | –Control group |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 19 to 45 years
- Sex
- Female only
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult
Key inclusion criteria (5 listed)
- Between 37 and 42 weeks of gestation,
- Low-risk, singleton pregnancies,
- Planned for vaginal delivery,
- No significant obstetric complications during pregnancy,
- Voluntarily agreed to participate in the study.
Key exclusion criteria (1 listed)
- -
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| MassageDuring the active phase of labor (cervical dilation of 4-7 cm), participants received 15-minute sessions of light-pressure massage to the lower back, sacrum, and lumbar area at regular intervals. | Other | intervention group |
| ShowerDuring the same phase, participants were assisted to take a warm shower for approximately 20 minutes. | Other | intervention group |
Primary outcome
Birth Satisfaction
Time frame: up to 3 months
Evaluated using the Birth Satisfaction Scale (BSS), which measures a mother's satisfaction with her labor and delivery experience (The scale is a 30-item Likert-type scale. The lowest possible score is 30, and the highest is 150. A higher score indicates higher birth satisfaction.). The scale includes multiple dimensions such as quality of care, personal attributes, and stress experienced during labor. 25 September, 2025-15 December, 2025
Maternal Comfort
Time frame: up to 3 months
Maternal Comfort: Assessed through the Birth Comfort Scale, which evaluates physical, emotional, and environmental aspects of comfort experienced by the mother during labor (The scale is a 34-item Likert-type scale. The lowest possible score is 34, and the highest is 170. A higher score indicates higher postpartum comfort). 25 September, 2025-15 December, 2025
Breastfeeding Success:
Time frame: Within the first 2 hours postpartum
Measured within the first hours postpartum using the LATCH Breastfeeding Assessment Tool, which assesses five components: Latch, Audible swallowing, Type of nipple, Comfort (breast/nipple), and Hold (positioning).A low score indicates unsuccessful breastfeeding, while a high score indicates successful breastfeeding.
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 2 Jan 2026.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No. Ethically, patient information can be shared upon reasonable request without revealing their identities for security reasons.
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
The record lists no contact. Use the official record to reach the sponsor.
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Massage and Shower in people with Pregnancy and Delivery Care, run by Sakarya University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 5 inclusion and 1 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 2 Jan 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye). Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Birth Satisfaction (time frame: up to 3 months). The study lists 3 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 2 Jan 2026.