AzTrials
AzTrials

Traumatic Brain InjuryNCT07122752

Feasibility and Outcomes of 3D-printed External Cranial Orthosis After Craniectomy

An observational study of Traumatic Brain Injury and Acquired Brain Injury, run by Tan Tock Seng Hospital at 1 site in Singapore.

Active, not recruiting

Under way, not looking for participants. Everyone needed has enrolled. The study is still running.

Official record
Search all trials

Trial summary

This study will compare the outcomes of a current clinical implementation of PEACO designed for one-handed donning and doffing with carer-monitoring with a previous prototype (HPPD) requiring carer-donning and doffing with therapist monitoring. Read more about this study

Who is it for?
Ages 21 years and older
How many people
32 participants
Where
1 siteSingapore
Study dates
29 Jul 2025to 29 Aug 2027
Phase
Observational
Are there results?
Not yet: the study is under way

Key requirements

Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.

  • Ages 21 years and older
  • All sexes
  • No healthy volunteers
  • Adult, Older adult

Study population: NA as no patient is recruited for this study as the outcomes involve retrospective data as part of a clinical service audit.

Who may be able to join

  • Unilateral decompressive craniectomy (DC)
  • Acute Stroke or traumatic brain injury
  • >30 days post DC
  • Healed surgical wounds, non-bulging flaps
  • Presence of caregiver supervision

Who cannot join

  • Vegetative or minimally responsive state
  • Uncontrolled medical illnesses, e.g. sepsis, delirium, active malignancy
  • Life expectancy < 6 months
  • Unhealed or infected post-DC neurosurgical wounds
  • Known allergy to investigational products

Trial locations and contacts

1 site in 1 country.

Singapore1 site
  • Tan Tock Seng Hospital

    Singapore

Other trials in Singapore

About this study

Official title: Feasibility, Safety and Patient Reported Outcomes of 3D-Printed Externally-applied Cranial Orthosis (PEACO) After Decompression Craniectomy in Clinical Settings: A Retrospective Comparison Study of Monitored Versus Unmonitored Protocols

This study will compare the outcomes of a current clinical implementation of PEACO designed for one-handed donning and doffing with carer-monitoring with a previous prototype (HPPD) requiring carer-donning and doffing with therapist monitoring.

Read the detailed description

The study aims to:

  1. Evaluate the feasibility, safety and clinical outcomes of a 3D-printed externally applied cranial orthosis (PEACO) in a clinical setting (unmonitored protocol)
  2. Comparison of device A - 2021 Head Protection Prototype Device (HPPD) (DSRB 2019/00155)-monitored protocol with device B (PEACO).
Keywords
Cranial Orthosis, 3D Printing, Decompression Craniectomy, Retrospective Study, Head Protection Device, Monitored Protocol, Unmonitored Protocol
Medical subject headings
Brain Injuries, Traumatic, Brain Injuries, Brain Neoplasms, Stroke

What participants receive

What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.

Study groups in NCT07122752
Study groupRoleWhat they receive
Version 1 Head protection Device 2021Version 2 Head protection device 2025

What is being measured

The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.

  1. Treatment-emergent adverse events (safety and tolerability)

    The therapist will assess patient in terms of pain, redness, skin imprints and pruritus' on patient's skin after wearing the cranial cap. This is to allow the understanding of the incidence of the treatment-emergent adverse events (safety and tolerability).

    Measured: 30 minutes post fitting (version 1 and 2)

  2. Patient Reported Outcome Measures (PROMS) PROMs (compliance)

    The patient will be sent a questionnaire. The question relating to compliance is "Approximately, how many hours of wear per day including rest breaks?" This will allow team to assess feasibility, safety and clinical outcomes.

    Measured: 2023-2025

  3. Patient Reported Outcome Measures (PROMS) PROMs (wearing time)

    The patient will be sent a questionnaire. The question relating to wearing time is "Approximately, how many hours of wear per day including rest breaks?" This will allow team to assess feasibility, safety and clinical outcomes.

    Measured: 2023-2025

  4. Patient Reported Outcome Measures (PROMS) PROMs (adverse events)

    The patient will be sent a questionnaire. The question relating to adverse event is "Did you experience any of the following after two hours of wear? This will allow team to assess feasibility, safety and clinical outcomes.

    Measured: 2023-2025

  5. Patient Reported Outcome Measures (PROMS) PROMs (cosmesis rating)

    The patient will be sent a questionnaire. The question relating to cosmesis rating is "Please rate the appearance of your cranial cap". This will allow team to assess feasibility, safety and clinical outcomes.

    Measured: 2023-2025

Timeline

From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.

  1. First posted14 Aug 2025
  2. Study start29 Jul 2025
  3. Primary completion29 Aug 2027 (estimated)
  4. Study completion29 Aug 2027 (estimated)

Resources

More details

For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.

Study design
Study type
Observational
Observational model
Cohort
Time perspective
Retrospective
Enrolment
32 participants (actual)
IDs, dates and publications
ClinicalTrials.gov ID
NCT07122752
Sponsor's protocol ID
DSRB 2025/1218
Status last verified
Oct 2026
First submitted
31 Jul 2025
Last updated
8 Oct 2026
Results posted
No
Data monitoring committee
No
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
Individual data sharing
No: no new IP generated

Publications

  • Chua KSG, Krishnan RR, Yen JM, Plunkett TK, Soh YM, Lim CJ, Chia CM, Looi JC, Ng SG, Rao J. 3D-printed external cranial protection following decompressive craniectomy after brain injury: A pilot feasibility cohort study. PLoS One. 2021 Oct 28;16(10):e0258296. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0258296. eCollection 2021.

    PubMed 34710123
  • Fernandez LL, Rodriguez D, Griswold DP, Khun I, Aristizabal S, Aristizabal JH, Richards G, Pavek A, Jayaraman S. Innovative External Cranial Devices for Protecting a Craniectomy Site: A Scoping Review on Noninvasive Approaches for Patients Awaiting Cranioplasty. Neurosurgery. 2025 Apr 1;96(4):713-724. doi: 10.1227/neu.0000000000003157. Epub 2024 Sep 9.

    PubMed 39248525
  • Ma S, Li C, Gu Y, Chen Y, Li X, Wang Q, Xu H. Application of a 3D printed wig protection device after decompressive craniectomy. Sci Rep. 2025 Mar 19;15(1):9545. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-94246-0.

    PubMed 40108252
  • Chua KSG, Shankar R, Yam MGJ, Yee E, Ratha Krishnan R, Plunkett TK, Chong WB, Low JAM, Said NHB, Chao J, Ng SG, Rao JP. Preliminary Feasibility Implementation of Post-Decompressive Craniectomy 3D-Printed Externally Applied Cranial Orthosis (PEACO) During Inpatient Rehabilitation: A Retrospective Cohort Study Reporting Short-Term Tolerability and Patient/Caregiver-Reported Feedback. Healthcare (Basel). 2026 Oct 9;14(20):3361. doi: 10.3390/healthcare14203361.

    PubMed 42940406

Questions about this trial

What is this clinical trial studying?

An observational study of Traumatic Brain Injury and Acquired Brain Injury, run by Tan Tock Seng Hospital at 1 site in Singapore.

The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.

Who may be eligible to take part?

The sponsor lists 5 inclusion and 5 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.

Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?

The record says: under way, not looking for participants, as of the sponsor's last update on 8 Oct 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.

Where is the study taking place?

The record lists 1 site in Singapore. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.

What are the possible benefits and risks?

They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.

Are results available for this study?

This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.

How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?

The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.

What does the primary outcome measure?

Treatment-emergent adverse events (safety and tolerability) (time frame: 30 minutes post fitting (version 1 and 2)). The study lists 5 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.

Where can I read the original study information?

On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT07122752, which also lists 4 linked publications.

Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?

No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.

How often is this information updated?

AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 8 Oct 2026.

Free account

Log in to keep searching

You’ve used your 3 free searches. AzTrials is free: log in or create a free account to keep searching clinical trials and save the ones you want to follow.

Create a free accountLog in