Waste, MedicalGREEN-CATHNCT07106437
GREEN CATHeter Lab Study
An observational study of Waste, Medical and Waste, Procedural, run by University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland at 1 site in Switzerland.
Trial summary
This study involves the prospective quantification and classification of waste produced during interventional cardiology procedures. For each included case, the total waste generated will be measured in kilograms immediately after completion of the procedure. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Any age
- Conditions the study is for
- Waste, Medical, Waste, Procedural
- What is being tested?
- "Basel Model": Measure of total waste after completion of the procedure and "Standard Model": Measure of total waste after completion of the procedure
- Type of treatment
- Injection or infusion
- How many people
- 40 participants
- Where
- 1 siteSwitzerland
- Study dates
- 1 May 2025to 3 Sep 2025
- Phase
- Observational
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages Any age
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Child, Adult, Older adult
Study population: The study "population" includes the following interventional procedures on scheduled audit days: (i) elective diagnostic coronary angiography with or without simple PCI, (ii) complex PCI procedures, including CTO, CHIP, or patients in cardiogenic shock requiring temporary mechanical circulatory support with an Impella device, (iii) TAVI, and (iv) TEER of the mitral or tricuspid valves, such as with MitraClip or TriClip systems. A minimum of ten cases per procedure type will be targeted to ensure adequate comparisons. All patients undergoing the above-listed procedures during the defined measurement days are eligible for inclusion
Who may be able to join
- All patients undergoing the following interventional procedures:
- o Elective diagnostic coronary angiography
- with PCI
- without PCI
- Complex percutaneous coronary interventions (CTO, CHIP, or patients with cardiogenic shock requiring Impella support)
- Structural heart intervention: TAVI
- Structural heart interventions: TEER of the mitral or tricuspid valve (MitraClip or TriClip)
Who cannot join
- No exclusion criteria, as no patient-specific data are collected and no modifications to clinical care are introduced
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
Switzerland1 site
Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center Basel, University Hospital Basel
Basel, 4031
About this study
Official title: Assessing Waste and Environmental Impact in Catheterization Laboratories: Results From the GREEN CATHeter Lab Study
This study involves the prospective quantification and classification of waste produced during interventional cardiology procedures. For each included case, the total waste generated will be measured in kilograms immediately after completion of the procedure. Waste will be physically sorted and recorded by category in accordance with four predefined waste types: (i) paper and cardboard, (ii) regular waste (i.e., municipal solid waste or general trash), (iii) regulated medical waste (requiring specialized incineration including sharpsafe), and (iv) recyclable plastic. Based on two models ("Basel Model" and "Standard Model"), the study will perform scenario-based calculations to compare the environmental and economic impact of both strategies.
Read the detailed description
Interventional cardiology procedures generate substantial amounts of waste, not only medical waste but also large volumes of packaging materials such as paper, cardboard, and plastic. In many hospitals, all procedural waste, regardless of type, is disposed of as medical waste. This practice results in high disposal costs and increased environmental burden, as medical waste requires specialized, energy-intensive incineration and leads to considerable CO₂ emissions. At the University Hospital Basel, waste is systematically separated into categories, enabling structured evaluation of waste streams and environmental impact. Despite growing interest in sustainable healthcare, there is currently a lack of data on the quantity and composition of waste generated per specific procedure type in interventional cardiology. This creates an unmet need to quantify not only how much waste is produced but also to identify which components may be recyclable. this study is to quantify the total amount and type of waste generated during interventional cardiovascular procedures and to contextualize this waste in relation to the average daily waste production of both a Swiss resident and a hospital inpatient. By linking procedural waste generation to familiar population-based benchmarks, This study aims to provide a comprehensible measure of the environmental footprint of each procedure type. Waste will be recorded in kilograms and categorized into four predefined waste streams (paper/cardboard, regular municipal waste, regulated medical waste, and recyclable plastic). To ensure representative and comparable results, at least ten cases for each of the following procedure groups will be included: (i) elective coronary angiography with (ia) or without (ib) percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), (ii) complex PCI procedures, such as chronic total occlusions (CTO), complex high-risk indicated procedures (CHIP), or interventions performed in patients with cardiogenic shock requiring mechanical support (e.g., Impella), and (iii) structural heart interventions, including TAVI and (iv) TEER of the mitral or tricuspid valves (MitraClip or TriClip).
To assess the broader ecological and financial implications of current waste management practices, two comparative disposal models will be applied. The first, referred to as the "Basel Model", reflects the current institutional practice at the University Hospital Basel, where procedural waste is systematically separated into the four aforementioned categories at the point of care. The second, the "Standard Model", simulates a hypothetical but common practice in many hospitals, in which all waste generated during interventional procedures is disposed of as regulated medical waste, without separation.Based on these two models, the study will perform scenario-based calculations to compare the environmental and economic impact of both strategies.
- Conditions
- Waste, Medical, Waste, Procedural
- Being tested
- "Basel Model": Measure of total waste after completion of the procedure, "Standard Model": Measure of total waste after completion of the procedure
- Keywords
- ecological footprint, Interventional cardiology procedures, environmental impact, CO₂ emissions, disposal costs, ReCiPe endpoint method, life cycle impact assessment
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
"Basel Model": Measure of total waste after completion of the procedureOther
For each included case, the total waste generated will be measured in kilograms immediately after completion of the procedure and physically recorded by category in accordance with four predefined waste types: (i) paper and cardboard, (ii) regular waste (i.e., municipal solid waste or general trash), (iii) regulated medical waste (requiring specialized incineration including sharpsafe), and (iv) recyclable plastic
"Standard Model": Measure of total waste after completion of the procedureOther
Simulation of a hypothetical but common practice in many hospitals, in which all waste generated during interventional procedures is disposed of as regulated medical waste, without separation.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Elective diagnostic coronary angiography | Elective diagnostic coronary angiography with or without simple PCI Receives: Other: "Basel Model": Measure of total waste after completion of the procedure; Other: "Standard Model": Measure of total waste after completion of the procedure | |
| Complex percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI) procedures | Complex PCI procedures, including CTO, CHIP, or patients in cardiogenic shock requiring temporary mechanical circulatory support with an Impella device Receives: Other: "Basel Model": Measure of total waste after completion of the procedure; Other: "Standard Model": Measure of total waste after completion of the procedure | |
| Structural heart intervention: transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) | Structural heart intervention: TAVI Receives: Other: "Basel Model": Measure of total waste after completion of the procedure; Other: "Standard Model": Measure of total waste after completion of the procedure | |
| Structural heart interventions: transcatheter edge-to-edge repair (TEER) | Structural heart interventions: TEER of the mitral or tricuspid valves (MitraClip or TriClip systems) Receives: Other: "Basel Model": Measure of total waste after completion of the procedure; Other: "Standard Model": Measure of total waste after completion of the procedure |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Total amount of waste (kilogram) generated per cardiac intervention- procedure type
The waste will be weighed using a certified, hospital-grade scale provided by the in-house hospital pharmacy (Beurer, Typ KS 59, max 20 kg).
Measured: one time assessment immediately after cardiac intervention
Composition of waste (by waste category) generated per cardiac intervention- procedure type
Waste will be physically sorted and recorded by category in accordance with four predefined waste types: (i) paper and cardboard, (ii) regular waste (i.e., municipal solid waste or general trash), (iii) regulated medical waste (requiring specialized incineration including sharpsafe), and (iv) recyclable plastic.
Measured: one time assessment immediately after cardiac intervention
Relation of waste output to the average daily waste production of a Swiss resident (in kilogram)
Relation of waste output generated per cardiac intervention- procedure type to the average daily waste production of a Swiss resident (in kilogram)
Measured: one time assessment immediately after cardiac intervention
Relation of waste output to the average daily waste production of a typical inhospital patient (in kilogram)
Relation of waste output generated per cardiac intervention- procedure type to the average daily waste production of a typical inhospital patient (in kilogram)
Measured: one time assessment immediately after cardiac intervention
Secondary outcomes (3)
Comparison of environmental impact by CO₂ emissions
Environmental impact (CO₂ emissions) assuming no waste separation ("Standard model") compared with the structured separation model used at the University Hospital Basel ("Basel model")
Measured: Postprocedural (one time assessment after cardiac intervention)
Comparison of environmental impact by disposal costs (in Swiss Francs)
Environmental impact (disposal costs) assuming no waste separation ("Standard model") compared with the structured separation model used at the University Hospital Basel ("Basel model")
Measured: Postprocedural (one time assessment after cardiac intervention)
Ecological burden by ReCiPe score
Calculation of the ecological burden using ReCiPe score to provide standardized environmental impact score per procedure type (DALY, PDF/m²/yr, $). These values allow for comparison across material types and disposal processes.
Measured: Postprocedural (one time assessment after cardiac intervention)
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted6 Aug 2025
- Study start1 May 2025
- Primary completion3 Sep 2025
- Study completion3 Sep 2025
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for Waste, MedicalStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Observational
- Observational model
- Ecologic or community
- Time perspective
- Prospective
- Enrolment
- 40 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
- Investigators
- Jasper Boeddinghaus, PD Dr. med., Principal investigator, Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center Basel, University Hospital Basel
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07106437
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- kt25Boeddinghaus2
- Acronym
- GREEN-CATH
- Status last verified
- Mar 2026
- First submitted
- 21 Jul 2025
- Last updated
- 5 Mar 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 5 Mar 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Assessing Waste and Environmental Impact in Catheterization Laboratories: Results From the GREEN CATHeter Lab Study
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07106437
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- GREEN-CATH / kt25Boeddinghaus2
- Conditions
- Waste, Medical, Waste, Procedural
- Keywords
- ecological footprint, Interventional cardiology procedures, environmental impact, CO₂ emissions, disposal costs, ReCiPe endpoint method, life cycle impact assessment
- Study type
- Observational
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 40 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- University Hospital, Basel, SwitzerlandUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 1 May 2025 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 3 Sep 2025 (actual)
- Study completion
- 3 Sep 2025 (actual)
- First posted
- 6 Aug 2025 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
This study involves the prospective quantification and classification of waste produced during interventional cardiology procedures. For each included case, the total waste generated will be measured in kilograms immediately after completion of the procedure. Waste will be physically sorted and recorded by category in accordance with four predefined waste types: (i) paper and cardboard, (ii) regular waste (i.e., municipal solid waste or general trash), (iii) regulated medical waste (requiring specialized incineration including sharpsafe), and (iv) recyclable plastic. Based on two models ("Basel Model" and "Standard Model"), the study will perform scenario-based calculations to compare the environmental and economic impact of both strategies.
Detailed description
Interventional cardiology procedures generate substantial amounts of waste, not only medical waste but also large volumes of packaging materials such as paper, cardboard, and plastic. In many hospitals, all procedural waste, regardless of type, is disposed of as medical waste. This practice results in high disposal costs and increased environmental burden, as medical waste requires specialized, energy-intensive incineration and leads to considerable CO₂ emissions. At the University Hospital Basel, waste is systematically separated into categories, enabling structured evaluation of waste streams and environmental impact. Despite growing interest in sustainable healthcare, there is currently a lack of data on the quantity and composition of waste generated per specific procedure type in interventional cardiology. This creates an unmet need to quantify not only how much waste is produced but also to identify which components may be recyclable. this study is to quantify the total amount and type of waste generated during interventional cardiovascular procedures and to contextualize this waste in relation to the average daily waste production of both a Swiss resident and a hospital inpatient. By linking procedural waste generation to familiar population-based benchmarks, This study aims to provide a comprehensible measure of the environmental footprint of each procedure type. Waste will be recorded in kilograms and categorized into four predefined waste streams (paper/cardboard, regular municipal waste, regulated medical waste, and recyclable plastic). To ensure representative and comparable results, at least ten cases for each of the following procedure groups will be included: (i) elective coronary angiography with (ia) or without (ib) percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), (ii) complex PCI procedures, such as chronic total occlusions (CTO), complex high-risk indicated procedures (CHIP), or interventions performed in patients with cardiogenic shock requiring mechanical support (e.g., Impella), and (iii) structural heart interventions, including TAVI and (iv) TEER of the mitral or tricuspid valves (MitraClip or TriClip).
To assess the broader ecological and financial implications of current waste management practices, two comparative disposal models will be applied. The first, referred to as the "Basel Model", reflects the current institutional practice at the University Hospital Basel, where procedural waste is systematically separated into the four aforementioned categories at the point of care. The second, the "Standard Model", simulates a hypothetical but common practice in many hospitals, in which all waste generated during interventional procedures is disposed of as regulated medical waste, without separation.Based on these two models, the study will perform scenario-based calculations to compare the environmental and economic impact of both strategies.
Study design
- Observational model
- Ecologic or community
- Time perspective
- Prospective
- Number of arms
- 4
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Elective diagnostic coronary angiography | – | Other: "Basel Model": Measure of total waste after completion of the procedure, Other: "Standard Model": Measure of total waste after completion of the procedureElective diagnostic coronary angiography with or without simple PCI |
| Complex percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI) procedures | – | Other: "Basel Model": Measure of total waste after completion of the procedure, Other: "Standard Model": Measure of total waste after completion of the procedureComplex PCI procedures, including CTO, CHIP, or patients in cardiogenic shock requiring temporary mechanical circulatory support with an Impella device |
| Structural heart intervention: transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) | – | Other: "Basel Model": Measure of total waste after completion of the procedure, Other: "Standard Model": Measure of total waste after completion of the procedureStructural heart intervention: TAVI |
| Structural heart interventions: transcatheter edge-to-edge repair (TEER) | – | Other: "Basel Model": Measure of total waste after completion of the procedure, Other: "Standard Model": Measure of total waste after completion of the procedureStructural heart interventions: TEER of the mitral or tricuspid valves (MitraClip or TriClip systems) |
Who may qualify
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Child, Adult, Older adult
- Study population
- The study "population" includes the following interventional procedures on scheduled audit days: (i) elective diagnostic coronary angiography with or without simple PCI, (ii) complex PCI procedures, including CTO, CHIP, or patients in cardiogenic shock requiring temporary mechanical circulatory support with an Impella device, (iii) TAVI, and (iv) TEER of the mitral or tricuspid valves, such as with MitraClip or TriClip systems. A minimum of ten cases per procedure type will be targeted to ensure adequate comparisons. All patients undergoing the above-listed procedures during the defined measurement days are eligible for inclusion
Key inclusion criteria (7 listed)
- All patients undergoing the following interventional procedures:
- o Elective diagnostic coronary angiography
- with PCI
- without PCI
Key exclusion criteria (1 listed)
- No exclusion criteria, as no patient-specific data are collected and no modifications to clinical care are introduced
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| "Basel Model": Measure of total waste after completion of the procedureFor each included case, the total waste generated will be measured in kilograms immediately after completion of the procedure and physically recorded by category in accordance with four predefined waste types: (i) paper and cardboard, (ii) regular waste (i.e., municipal solid waste or general trash), (iii) regulated medical waste (requiring specialized incineration including sharpsafe), and (iv) recyclable plastic | Other | Complex percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI) procedures, Elective diagnostic coronary angiography, Structural heart intervention: transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI), Structural heart interventions: transcatheter edge-to-edge repair (TEER) |
| "Standard Model": Measure of total waste after completion of the procedureSimulation of a hypothetical but common practice in many hospitals, in which all waste generated during interventional procedures is disposed of as regulated medical waste, without separation. | Other | Complex percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI) procedures, Elective diagnostic coronary angiography, Structural heart intervention: transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI), Structural heart interventions: transcatheter edge-to-edge repair (TEER) |
Primary outcome
Total amount of waste (kilogram) generated per cardiac intervention- procedure type
Time frame: one time assessment immediately after cardiac intervention
The waste will be weighed using a certified, hospital-grade scale provided by the in-house hospital pharmacy (Beurer, Typ KS 59, max 20 kg).
Composition of waste (by waste category) generated per cardiac intervention- procedure type
Time frame: one time assessment immediately after cardiac intervention
Waste will be physically sorted and recorded by category in accordance with four predefined waste types: (i) paper and cardboard, (ii) regular waste (i.e., municipal solid waste or general trash), (iii) regulated medical waste (requiring specialized incineration including sharpsafe), and (iv) recyclable plastic.
Relation of waste output to the average daily waste production of a Swiss resident (in kilogram)
Time frame: one time assessment immediately after cardiac intervention
Relation of waste output generated per cardiac intervention- procedure type to the average daily waste production of a Swiss resident (in kilogram)
Relation of waste output to the average daily waste production of a typical inhospital patient (in kilogram)
Time frame: one time assessment immediately after cardiac intervention
Relation of waste output generated per cardiac intervention- procedure type to the average daily waste production of a typical inhospital patient (in kilogram)
3 secondary outcomes
Comparison of environmental impact by CO₂ emissions
Time frame: Postprocedural (one time assessment after cardiac intervention)
Comparison of environmental impact by disposal costs (in Swiss Francs)
Time frame: Postprocedural (one time assessment after cardiac intervention)
Ecological burden by ReCiPe score
Time frame: Postprocedural (one time assessment after cardiac intervention)
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 5 Mar 2026.
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Jasper Boeddinghaus, PD Dr. med. principal investigator
Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center Basel, University Hospital Basel
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
An observational study of Waste, Medical and Waste, Procedural, run by University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland at 1 site in Switzerland.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 7 inclusion and 1 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 5 Mar 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Switzerland. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Total amount of waste (kilogram) generated per cardiac intervention- procedure type (time frame: one time assessment immediately after cardiac intervention). The study lists 4 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 5 Mar 2026.