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Anastomosis; ComplicationsNCT07099820

Role of Indexed Oxygen Delivery in Anastomotic Insufficiencies in Elective Laparoscopic Colorectal Resections for Cancer

An observational study of Anastomosis; Complications and Anastomosis, Surgical, run by Saint Camillus International University of Health Sciences at 1 site in Italy.

Completed

Finished. The study has ended and is not enrolling. Results may be posted on the official record.

Official record
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Trial summary

Colorectal cancer is a very commonly diagnosed malignancy worldwide, and surgical resection remains the mainstay of treatment. Outcomes depend on preoperative staging, surgical quality, complication rates, and multidisciplinary care; minimally invasive techniques have reduced local and systemic complications. Read more about this study

Who is it for?
Ages 18 years and older
How many people
100 participants
Where
1 siteItaly
Study dates
1 Sep 2020to 15 Sep 2022
How long will I take part?
1 Week
Phase
Observational
Are there results?
None posted in the registry

Key requirements

Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.

  • Ages 18 years and older
  • All sexes
  • No healthy volunteers
  • Adult, Older adult

Study population: Department of Generale Surgery, St.Eugenio Hospital, Rome, Italy

Who may be able to join

  • • Age > 18 years
  • Candidates for elective laparoscopic colo-rectal surgery for neoplastic pathology with ileo-colic, colo-colic and colo-rectal anastomosis.

Who cannot join

  • • Age < 18 years
  • Inability to give valid informed consent
  • Candidates for operations involving other wards
  • Candidates for emergency surgery
  • Candidates for laparotomic surgery
  • Colo- or ileo-stomy
  • Contraindications to the use of the volume clamp system for haemodynamic monitoring (conditions with significant alteration of finger perfusion, such as Raynaud's disease).

Trial locations and contacts

1 site in 1 country.

Italy1 site
  • St. Eugenio Hospital

    Rome, 00144

Other trials in Italy

About this study

Official title: Role of Indexed Oxygen Delivery in Anastomotic Insufficiencies in Elective Laparoscopic Colorectal Resections for Cancer: a Prospective Observational Cohort Study

Colorectal cancer is a very commonly diagnosed malignancy worldwide, and surgical resection remains the mainstay of treatment. Outcomes depend on preoperative staging, surgical quality, complication rates, and multidisciplinary care; minimally invasive techniques have reduced local and systemic complications. However, anastomotic dehiscence (AD) remains the most significant local complication.

AD is a breach in the anastomotic integrity creating a communication between intra- and extra-luminal compartments. Mortality rates vary from 1.7% to 29%.

Read more

Reduced oxygen delivery-pre-, intra-, or post-operatively-can contribute to AD, while adequate oxygenation improves healing. Supplemental O₂ (FiO₂ 80%) has been shown to reduce AD risk after gastric surgery.

Tissue oxygen delivery can be quantified by indexed oxygen delivery (DO2I), defined as ml/min/m² and determined by cardiac output, hemoglobin, and saturation. Pulse cardiac output (CO)-Oximeter® (Masimo), allow continuous non-invasive monitoring of these parameters.

This prospective observational cohort study aims to explore the correlation between intraoperative DO2I and the risk of postoperative anastomotic dehiscence, using the non-invasive technologies described.

Read the detailed description

Colorectal cancer is the third most commonly diagnosed malignancy worldwide, accounting for ~10% of all cancers and ranking as the fourth leading cause of cancer death, with 1.9 million new cases and ~930,000 deaths in 2020. Surgical resection remains the mainstay of treatment for nonmetastatic cases and plays a crucial role in managing metastatic disease. Outcomes depend on preoperative staging, surgical quality, complication rates, and multidisciplinary care. Since Jacobs' 1991 report of 20 laparoscopic resections, minimally invasive techniques have reduced local and systemic complications. However, anastomotic dehiscence (AD) remains the most significant local complication, increasing hospital stays, costs, morbidity, mortality, and negatively affecting overall prognosis.

The International Study Group of Rectal Cancer defines AD as a breach in the anastomotic integrity creating a communication between intra- and extra-luminal compartments. Mortality rates vary widely, from 1.7% in an Australian cohort to as high as 29% in other reports, with AD accounting for roughly one-third of postoperative colorectal surgery deaths. Incidence is site-dependent: 1-20% in colo-rectal, 0-2% in colo-colic, and 0.02-4% in ileo-colic anastomoses.

Risk factors are categorized as local or systemic. Local factors include anastomotic level, technique (mechanical vs. manual), surgeon experience, bowel prep, use of laparoscopy, diverting stomas, drains, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and gut microbiota. Systemic factors include male sex, malnutrition, hypoalbuminemia, anemia, comorbidities, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) use, smoking, alcohol, peripheral vascular disease, obesity, and diabetes. Reduced oxygen delivery-pre-, intra-, or post-operatively-can contribute to AD, while adequate oxygenation improves healing. Supplemental O₂ (FiO₂ 80%) has been shown to reduce AD risk after gastric surgery.

Tissue oxygen delivery can be quantified by indexed oxygen delivery (DO2I), defined as ml/min/m² and determined by cardiac output, hemoglobin, and saturation. A DO2I < 400 ml/min/m² is associated with increased AD risk; normal values range from 450-550 ml/min/m². Below this, compensation through increased extraction fails beyond a critical threshold, leading to anaerobic metabolism and lactic acidosis. Accurate DO2I calculation requires cardiac output monitoring.

While the esophageal Doppler is the standard for cardiac output measurement, its invasiveness and operator dependence limit use. Less invasive alternatives, like pulse-contouring (e.g., PiCCO, Vigileo) or fully non-invasive methods like ClearSight®, offer continuous hemodynamic data. ClearSight® uses the volume-clamp method via a finger cuff and photoplethysmography to measure real-time arterial pressure and advanced parameters such as cardiac output and stroke volume.

DO2I calculation also requires hemoglobin levels, which fluctuate intraoperatively due to blood loss and fluid shifts. Reliable measurement would ideally involve repeated blood sampling, which adds invasiveness and cost. Advances in pulse oximetry, like the Rad-97 Pulse CO-Oximeter® (Masimo), allow continuous non-invasive monitoring of O₂ saturation, Hb, carboxyhemoglobin, methemoglobin, perfusion index, and more, even under low perfusion or motion conditions.

This prospective observational cohort study aims to explore the correlation between intraoperative DO2I and the risk of postoperative anastomotic dehiscence, using the non-invasive technologies described.

Keywords
anastomosis, anastomotic leaks, anastomosis leaking, colorectal surgery, colon surgery, oxygen delivery, DO2, DO2I, non-invasive monitoring
Medical subject headings
Anastomotic Leak

What participants receive

What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.

Study groups in NCT07099820
Study groupRoleWhat they receive
Patients suffering from neoplasm of the colo-rectumPatients underwent colic resection

What is being measured

The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.

  1. Post-operative anastomotic dehiscence

    Breach in the anastomotic integrity creating a communication between intra- and extra-luminal compartments

    Measured: perioperatively

Secondary outcomes (3)
  1. Length of Stay

    Days in hospital

    Measured: perioperatively

  2. Transfusions

    Number of blood units transfused

    Measured: perioperatively

  3. Mortality

    Death

    Measured: perioperatively

Timeline

From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.

  1. First posted1 Aug 2025
  2. Study start1 Sep 2020
  3. Primary completion31 Aug 2022
  4. Study completion15 Sep 2022

Resources

More details

For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.

Study design
Study type
Observational
Observational model
Cohort
Time perspective
Prospective
Enrolment
100 participants (actual)
Target duration
1 Week
IDs, dates and publications
ClinicalTrials.gov ID
NCT07099820
Sponsor's protocol ID
00154/20
Status last verified
Mar 2026
First submitted
22 Jul 2025
Last updated
19 Mar 2026
Results posted
No
Data monitoring committee
No
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
Individual data sharing
No: There is no plan to share Individual Participant Data (IPD); however, anonymized data may be made available upon reasonable request, subject to sponsor approval and ethical considerations.

Publications

  • Sciuto A, Merola G, De Palma GD, Sodo M, Pirozzi F, Bracale UM, Bracale U. Predictive factors for anastomotic leakage after laparoscopic colorectal surgery. World J Gastroenterol. 2018 Jun 7;24(21):2247-2260. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v24.i21.2247.

    PubMed 29881234
  • Krarup PM, Nordholm-Carstensen A, Jorgensen LN, Harling H. Anastomotic leak increases distant recurrence and long-term mortality after curative resection for colonic cancer: a nationwide cohort study. Ann Surg. 2014 May;259(5):930-8. doi: 10.1097/SLA.0b013e3182a6f2fc.

    PubMed 24045445
  • Alvandipour M, Mokhtari-Esbuie F, Baradari AG, Firouzian A, Rezaie M. Effect of Hyperoxygenation During Surgery on Surgical Site Infection in Colorectal Surgery. Ann Coloproctol. 2019 Feb;35(1):9-14. doi: 10.3393/ac.2018.01.16. Epub 2019 Feb 28.

    PubMed 30879279
  • Shoemaker WC, Appel PL, Kram HB, Waxman K, Lee TS. Prospective trial of supranormal values of survivors as therapeutic goals in high-risk surgical patients. Chest. 1988 Dec;94(6):1176-86. doi: 10.1378/chest.94.6.1176.

    PubMed 3191758
  • Levy BF, Fawcett WJ, Scott MJ, Rockall TA. Intra-operative oxygen delivery in infusion volume-optimized patients undergoing laparoscopic colorectal surgery within an enhanced recovery programme: the effect of different analgesic modalities. Colorectal Dis. 2012 Jul;14(7):887-92. doi: 10.1111/j.1463-1318.2011.02805.x.

    PubMed 21895923
  • Sangkum L, Liu GL, Yu L, Yan H, Kaye AD, Liu H. Minimally invasive or noninvasive cardiac output measurement: an update. J Anesth. 2016 Jun;30(3):461-80. doi: 10.1007/s00540-016-2154-9. Epub 2016 Mar 9.

    PubMed 26961819
  • Ameloot K, Palmers PJ, Malbrain ML. The accuracy of noninvasive cardiac output and pressure measurements with finger cuff: a concise review. Curr Opin Crit Care. 2015 Jun;21(3):232-9. doi: 10.1097/MCC.0000000000000198.

    PubMed 25922896
  • Schietroma M, Cecilia EM, Carlei F, Sista F, De Santis G, Piccione F, Amicucci G. Prevention of anastomotic leakage after total gastrectomy with perioperative supplemental oxygen administration: a prospective randomized, double-blind, controlled, single-center trial. Ann Surg Oncol. 2013 May;20(5):1584-90. doi: 10.1245/s10434-012-2714-7. Epub 2012 Oct 26.

    PubMed 23099730
  • Meyer J, Naiken S, Christou N, Liot E, Toso C, Buchs NC, Ris F. Reducing anastomotic leak in colorectal surgery: The old dogmas and the new challenges. World J Gastroenterol. 2019 Sep 14;25(34):5017-5025. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v25.i34.5017.

    PubMed 31558854
  • Carlini M, Grieco M, Spoletini D, Menditto R, Napoleone V, Brachini G, Mingoli A, Marcellinaro R. Implementation of the gut microbiota prevents anastomotic leaks in laparoscopic colorectal surgery for cancer:the results of the MIRACLe study. Updates Surg. 2022 Aug;74(4):1253-1262. doi: 10.1007/s13304-022-01305-6. Epub 2022 Jun 23.

    PubMed 35739383
  • Vasiliu EC, Zarnescu NO, Costea R, Neagu S. Review of Risk Factors for Anastomotic Leakage in Colorectal Surgery. Chirurgia (Bucur). 2015 Jul-Aug;110(4):319-26.

    PubMed 26305194
  • Crafa F, Smolarek S, Missori G, Shalaby M, Quaresima S, Noviello A, Cassini D, Ascenzi P, Franceschilli L, Delrio P, Baldazzi G, Giampiero U, Megevand J, Maria Romano G, Sileri P. Transanal Inspection and Management of Low Colorectal Anastomosis Performed With a New Technique: the TICRANT Study. Surg Innov. 2017 Oct;24(5):483-491. doi: 10.1177/1553350617709182. Epub 2017 May 17.

    PubMed 28514887
  • Ito M, Sugito M, Kobayashi A, Nishizawa Y, Tsunoda Y, Saito N. Relationship between multiple numbers of stapler firings during rectal division and anastomotic leakage after laparoscopic rectal resection. Int J Colorectal Dis. 2008 Jul;23(7):703-7. doi: 10.1007/s00384-008-0470-8. Epub 2008 Apr 1.

    PubMed 18379795
  • Hyman N, Manchester TL, Osler T, Burns B, Cataldo PA. Anastomotic leaks after intestinal anastomosis: it's later than you think. Ann Surg. 2007 Feb;245(2):254-8. doi: 10.1097/01.sla.0000225083.27182.85.

    PubMed 17245179
  • Phitayakorn R, Delaney CP, Reynolds HL, Champagne BJ, Heriot AG, Neary P, Senagore AJ; International Anastomotic Leak Study Group. Standardized algorithms for management of anastomotic leaks and related abdominal and pelvic abscesses after colorectal surgery. World J Surg. 2008 Jun;32(6):1147-56. doi: 10.1007/s00268-008-9468-1.

    PubMed 18283511

Questions about this trial

What is this clinical trial studying?

An observational study of Anastomosis; Complications and Anastomosis, Surgical, run by Saint Camillus International University of Health Sciences at 1 site in Italy.

The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.

Who may be eligible to take part?

The sponsor lists 2 inclusion and 7 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.

Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?

The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 19 Mar 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.

Where is the study taking place?

The record lists 1 site in Italy. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.

What are the possible benefits and risks?

They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.

Are results available for this study?

The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.

How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?

The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.

What does the primary outcome measure?

Post-operative anastomotic dehiscence (time frame: perioperatively). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.

Where can I read the original study information?

On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT07099820, which also lists 27 linked publications.

Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?

No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.

How often is this information updated?

AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 19 Mar 2026.

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