Attention Deficit Disorder With Hyperactivity (ADHD)NCT07076576
Effects of Yoga in Children With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
A study testing Yoga Training in people with Attention Deficit Disorder With Hyperactivity (ADHD) and Yoga, run by Pamukkale University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
Trial summary
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is characterized by symptoms of inattention, impulsivity, and hyperactivity. Due to the core symptoms of ADHD, more than 30-50% of children with the disorder may experience impaired motor abilities. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 6 to 12 years
- Conditions the study is for
- Attention Deficit Disorder With Hyperactivity (ADHD), Yoga, Motor Skills
- What is being tested?
- Yoga Training
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 34 participants
- Where
- 1 siteTurkey (Türkiye)
- Study dates
- 1 Dec 2022to 31 Dec 2024
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 6 to 12 years
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Child
Who may be able to join
- Aged 6 to 12 years
- Able to understand and accept verbal instructions
- Using medication which includes methylphenidate
- After the titration period, the drug dose should be between 0.6-1 mg/kg
- Not participating in any additional intervention programs other than the medication treatment initiated after the diagnosis
- The child and the parent being willing to participate in the study
Who cannot join
- Having comorbid diagnoses such as specific learning disorder, autism spectrum disorder, psychotic disorder, bipolar disorder, or mental retardation
- Having a neurological, metabolic, or orthopedic condition such as head trauma, cerebral palsy, epileptic seizures, or visual and speech impairments.
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
About this study
Official title: The Investigation the Effects of Yoga on Attention,Hyperactivity- Impulsivity and Motor Skills in Children With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is characterized by symptoms of inattention, impulsivity, and hyperactivity. Due to the core symptoms of ADHD, more than 30-50% of children with the disorder may experience impaired motor abilities.
The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of yoga on core ADHD symptoms and motor skills. Thirty-three children with ADHD (ages 6-12) who are undergoing medication were randomly divided into two groups. The intervention group will participate in yoga sessions twice a week for 8 weeks, while the control group will not receive any additional intervention.
The Turgay Disruptive Behavior Disorders Rating Scale will be used to assess ADHD symptoms, and Cognitive Disengagement Syndrome will be evaluated using the Children and Adolescent Behavior Inventory (CABI) Family Questionnaire by a child and adolescent psychiatrist. Additionally, the Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency, Second Edition-Short Form, will be administered by a physiotherapist to assess motor skills before, after, and one month following the intervention.
Read the detailed description
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by symptoms of inattention, impulsivity, and hyperactivity. Due to these core symptoms, more than 30-50% of children with ADHD may experience impaired motor abilities.
Symptoms of ADHD include difficulty maintaining focus on tasks for extended periods, forgetfulness, restlessness, fidgeting, impatience, trouble waiting in line, frequent interruptions, frequent falls, injuries, and clumsiness. Additionally, 39% of children with ADHD also have Cognitive Disengagement Syndrome (CDS), which is characterized by symptoms such as daydreaming, slow and limited movement, appearing drowsy and lethargic, blank staring, looking confused, and impairments in motor and cognitive skills. CDS has been linked to psychopathology and functional impairments, including symptoms of depression and anxiety, independent of ADHD.
Treatment options for ADHD include both pharmacological and nonpharmacological approaches. Due to its neurological basis, pharmacological treatments are typically the first-line intervention. However, physical exercise interventions such as yoga are also considered alternative therapeutic options. Yoga requires participants to perform complex motor skill combinations accurately and fluidly. Research suggests that yoga enhances dopamine and serotonin levels, which play a role in modulating motor, executive, impulsive, and cognitive functions. As a mind-body intervention, yoga improves attention and inhibitory control, making it an enjoyable and effective therapeutic approach for children with attention deficits. The aim of our study was to examine the effects of an 8-week yoga intervention on core symptoms, Cognitive Disengagement Syndrome, and motor skills in children with ADHD.
- Being tested
- Yoga Training
- Keywords
- Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Yoga, Motor Skills
- Medical subject headings
- Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Yoga TrainingOther
The children in the experimental group underwent yoga training for a total of 16 sessions consisting of 45 minutes each session, 2 times a week for 8 weeks.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Yoga Training | Experimental | The children in the experimental group underwent yoga training. Receives: Other: Yoga Training |
| Control Group | No intervention | The participants in the control group continued to their medication treatment and have not received any additional intervention. |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
ADHD Symptoms
The Turgay ADHD Scale will be used to assess ADHD symptoms administered by parents. The scale has been developed by Turgay to assess disruptive behavior disorders with DSM IV diagnostic criteria. The The scale has 41 items: 9 for attention deficit, 6 for hyperactivity, 3 for impulsivity, 8 for oppositional defiant disorder, and 15 for conduct disorder.
Measured: Baseline (pre-intervention), post-intervention (after 8 weeks of intervention for the Yoga group or 8 weeks after baseline for the Control group), and at 1-month follow-up (1 month after post-intervention assessment)
Motor Skills
A pediatric physiotherapist will be used to assess motor skills with the Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency Test-Short Form (BOT2-SF) before, after, and one month after treatment. The Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency is used to assess the motor competence of children and adolescents between the ages of 4 and 21. The test's short form, BOT2-SF, is constructed of eight subtests totaling 12 items. The subtests are as follows: fine motor precision, fine motor integration, manual skills, bilateral coordination, balance, speed and agility, upper extremity coordination, endurance.
Measured: Baseline (pre-intervention), post-intervention (after 8 weeks of intervention for the Yoga group or 8 weeks after baseline for the Control group), and at 1-month follow-up (1 month after post-intervention assessment)
Secondary outcomes (2)
Cognitive Disengagement Syndrome (Sluggish Cognitive Tempo)
Cognitive Disengagement Syndrome was evaluated using a Children and Adolescent Behavior Inventory (CABI) Family Questionnaire administered by parents. This scale asks parents and caregivers about their child's or adolescent's behavior. It consists of nine subscales and 67 items, each of which can be used independently. The first subscale, comprising 15 items, evaluates SCT. Responses are rated on a 6-point Likert scale, ranging from 0 (almost never) to 5 (almost always).
Measured: Baseline (pre-intervention), post-intervention (after 8 weeks of intervention for the Yoga group or 8 weeks after baseline for the Control group), and at 1-month follow-up (1 month after post-intervention assessment)
Clinical Global Impressions - CGI
The Clinical Global Impressions (CGI) Scale will be administered by parents. This assessment is a standardized measure used by clinicians to rate disease severity, changes over time, and the effectiveness of treatment. It consists of three subscales. The first subscale is ''Severity of Illness'' and the second subscale is ''Clinical Global Impression Improvement'' will be used in this study.
Measured: Baseline (pre-intervention), post-intervention (after 8 weeks of intervention for the Yoga group or 8 weeks after baseline for the Control group), and at 1-month follow-up (1 month after post-intervention assessment)
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted22 Jul 2025
- Study start1 Dec 2022
- Primary completion19 Sep 2024
- Study completion31 Dec 2024
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for Attention Deficit Disorder With Hyperactivity (ADHD)Studies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by Pamukkale UniversityThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 34 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Pamukkale University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Elif Nur Taşcıoğlu, Pamukkale University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07076576
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- PAU-FTR-ENT-001
- Status last verified
- Jul 2025
- First submitted
- 7 Mar 2025
- Last updated
- 22 Jul 2025
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 22 Jul 2025. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- The Investigation the Effects of Yoga on Attention,Hyperactivity- Impulsivity and Motor Skills in Children With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07076576
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- PAU-FTR-ENT-001
- Keywords
- Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Yoga, Motor Skills
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 34 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Pamukkale UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 1 Dec 2022 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 19 Sep 2024 (actual)
- Study completion
- 31 Dec 2024 (actual)
- First posted
- 22 Jul 2025 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is characterized by symptoms of inattention, impulsivity, and hyperactivity. Due to the core symptoms of ADHD, more than 30-50% of children with the disorder may experience impaired motor abilities.
The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of yoga on core ADHD symptoms and motor skills. Thirty-three children with ADHD (ages 6-12) who are undergoing medication were randomly divided into two groups. The intervention group will participate in yoga sessions twice a week for 8 weeks, while the control group will not receive any additional intervention.
The Turgay Disruptive Behavior Disorders Rating Scale will be used to assess ADHD symptoms, and Cognitive Disengagement Syndrome will be evaluated using the Children and Adolescent Behavior Inventory (CABI) Family Questionnaire by a child and adolescent psychiatrist. Additionally, the Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency, Second Edition-Short Form, will be administered by a physiotherapist to assess motor skills before, after, and one month following the intervention.
Detailed description
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by symptoms of inattention, impulsivity, and hyperactivity. Due to these core symptoms, more than 30-50% of children with ADHD may experience impaired motor abilities.
Symptoms of ADHD include difficulty maintaining focus on tasks for extended periods, forgetfulness, restlessness, fidgeting, impatience, trouble waiting in line, frequent interruptions, frequent falls, injuries, and clumsiness. Additionally, 39% of children with ADHD also have Cognitive Disengagement Syndrome (CDS), which is characterized by symptoms such as daydreaming, slow and limited movement, appearing drowsy and lethargic, blank staring, looking confused, and impairments in motor and cognitive skills. CDS has been linked to psychopathology and functional impairments, including symptoms of depression and anxiety, independent of ADHD.
Treatment options for ADHD include both pharmacological and nonpharmacological approaches. Due to its neurological basis, pharmacological treatments are typically the first-line intervention. However, physical exercise interventions such as yoga are also considered alternative therapeutic options. Yoga requires participants to perform complex motor skill combinations accurately and fluidly. Research suggests that yoga enhances dopamine and serotonin levels, which play a role in modulating motor, executive, impulsive, and cognitive functions. As a mind-body intervention, yoga improves attention and inhibitory control, making it an enjoyable and effective therapeutic approach for children with attention deficits. The aim of our study was to examine the effects of an 8-week yoga intervention on core symptoms, Cognitive Disengagement Syndrome, and motor skills in children with ADHD.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Yoga Training | Experimental | Other: Yoga TrainingThe children in the experimental group underwent yoga training. |
| Control Group | No intervention | –The participants in the control group continued to their medication treatment and have not received any additional intervention. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 6 to 12 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Child
Key inclusion criteria (6 listed)
- Aged 6 to 12 years
- Able to understand and accept verbal instructions
- Using medication which includes methylphenidate
- After the titration period, the drug dose should be between 0.6-1 mg/kg
- Not participating in any additional intervention programs other than the medication treatment initiated after the diagnosis
Key exclusion criteria (2 listed)
- Having comorbid diagnoses such as specific learning disorder, autism spectrum disorder, psychotic disorder, bipolar disorder, or mental retardation
- Having a neurological, metabolic, or orthopedic condition such as head trauma, cerebral palsy, epileptic seizures, or visual and speech impairments.
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Yoga TrainingThe children in the experimental group underwent yoga training for a total of 16 sessions consisting of 45 minutes each session, 2 times a week for 8 weeks. | Other | Yoga Training |
Primary outcome
ADHD Symptoms
Time frame: Baseline (pre-intervention), post-intervention (after 8 weeks of intervention for the Yoga group or 8 weeks after baseline for the Control group), and at 1-month follow-up (1 month after post-intervention assessment)
The Turgay ADHD Scale will be used to assess ADHD symptoms administered by parents. The scale has been developed by Turgay to assess disruptive behavior disorders with DSM IV diagnostic criteria. The The scale has 41 items: 9 for attention deficit, 6 for hyperactivity, 3 for impulsivity, 8 for oppositional defiant disorder, and 15 for conduct disorder.
Motor Skills
Time frame: Baseline (pre-intervention), post-intervention (after 8 weeks of intervention for the Yoga group or 8 weeks after baseline for the Control group), and at 1-month follow-up (1 month after post-intervention assessment)
A pediatric physiotherapist will be used to assess motor skills with the Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency Test-Short Form (BOT2-SF) before, after, and one month after treatment. The Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency is used to assess the motor competence of children and adolescents between the ages of 4 and 21. The test's short form, BOT2-SF, is constructed of eight subtests totaling 12 items. The subtests are as follows: fine motor precision, fine motor integration, manual skills, bilateral coordination, balance, speed and agility, upper extremity coordination, endurance.
2 secondary outcomes
Cognitive Disengagement Syndrome (Sluggish Cognitive Tempo)
Time frame: Baseline (pre-intervention), post-intervention (after 8 weeks of intervention for the Yoga group or 8 weeks after baseline for the Control group), and at 1-month follow-up (1 month after post-intervention assessment)
Clinical Global Impressions - CGI
Time frame: Baseline (pre-intervention), post-intervention (after 8 weeks of intervention for the Yoga group or 8 weeks after baseline for the Control group), and at 1-month follow-up (1 month after post-intervention assessment)
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 22 Jul 2025.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
The record lists no contact. Use the official record to reach the sponsor.
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Yoga Training in people with Attention Deficit Disorder With Hyperactivity (ADHD) and Yoga, run by Pamukkale University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 6 inclusion and 2 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 22 Jul 2025. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye). Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
ADHD Symptoms (time frame: Baseline (pre-intervention), post-intervention (after 8 weeks of intervention for the Yoga group or 8 weeks after baseline for the Control group), and at 1-month follow-up (1 month after post-intervention assessment)). The study lists 2 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 22 Jul 2025.