Loneliness During COVID-19VBC-ICUNCT07072078
The Role of Nurses in Video-Based Communication to Reduce Loneliness in Intensive Care Unit Patients
A study testing Video-based Communication in people with Loneliness During COVID-19 and Loneliness, run by Universitas Padjadjaran at 1 site in Indonesia.
Trial summary
This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of video-based communication in reducing loneliness among intensive care unit (ICU) patients at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital in Bandung, Indonesia. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 to 70 years
- Conditions the study is for
- Loneliness During COVID-19, Loneliness
- What is being tested?
- Video-based Communication
- Type of treatment
- Lifestyle or therapy programme
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 36 participants
- Where
- 1 siteIndonesia
- Study dates
- 24 Dec 2024to 24 Jan 2025
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 to 70 years
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU)
- Patients aged over 18 years with a minimum of 72 hours of care in the ICU
- Patients who are able to understand and communicate in the Indonesian language
Who cannot join
- Patients with medical conditions such as decreased consciousness, total blindness, or severe neurological disorders
- Patients with a history of psychiatric disorders
- Drop Out:
- Patients who are discharged from the ICU of Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital during the study period will be considered drop-outs
- Patients whose health deteriorates to the extent that they are unable to continue participation in the study
- Patients who die during the study period
- Patients who are transferred from the ICU to general inpatient wards
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
Indonesia1 site
dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital
Bandung, West Java, 40161
About this study
Official title: The Effect of Video-Based Communication on Reducing Loneliness in Intensive Care Unit Patients: A Quasi-Experimental Study
This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of video-based communication in reducing loneliness among intensive care unit (ICU) patients at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital in Bandung, Indonesia. ICU patients often experience psychological distress, particularly loneliness, due to restricted family visits and physical isolation.
A quasi-experimental design with a pre-test and post-test control group is used, involving 36 participants who are randomly assigned to either the intervention or control group. The intervention group receives structured video-based communication with family members for three consecutive days, with each session lasting between 5 to 20 minutes. Nurses facilitate the intervention by ensuring patient safety, providing emotional support, and assisting with the communication process. The control group receives standard ICU care without the communication intervention.
Loneliness levels are assessed using the De Jong Gierveld Loneliness Scale (DJGLS) before and after the intervention.
Read the detailed description
This study investigates the effectiveness of video-based communication in reducing loneliness among patients in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU). Loneliness is a common psychosocial issue in ICU patients, caused by physical isolation, limited visitation policies, and minimal social interaction. It is associated with increased stress, potential suppression of immune response, and extended hospitalization. The intervention provides a practical approach by enabling virtual interaction with family members, allowing emotional connection despite physical distance.
The study uses a quasi-experimental design with a pre-test and post-test control group. A total of 36 patients are recruited from Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital in Bandung and randomly assigned to either an intervention or control group. The intervention group receives structured video-based communication using WhatsApp for three consecutive days, with each session lasting between 5 and 20 minutes. The control group receives standard ICU care without the additional communication support. The De Jong Gierveld Loneliness Scale (DJGLS) is used to assess emotional and social loneliness levels before and after the intervention.
Nurses act as primary facilitators in the intervention. Their responsibilities include ensuring clinical stability, setting up the communication devices, emotionally supporting patients during the sessions, monitoring patient responses, documenting the process, and coordinating communication with family members.
- Conditions
- Loneliness During COVID-19, Loneliness
- Being tested
- Video-based Communication
- Keywords
- Loneliness, Intensive Care Unit, Video-based Communication
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Video-based CommunicationBehavioural
Participants received structured video-based communication sessions with their family members using the WhatsApp platform. The intervention was delivered once daily for three consecutive days, with each session lasting between 5 and 20 minutes. Communication was guided to include emotional support, positive conversations, and future-oriented discussion. The sessions were facilitated by nurses who ensured clinical stability, technical setup, and emotional readiness of the patient. This intervention aimed to reduce emotional and social loneliness among ICU patients and was integrated into standard intensive care routines without disrupting medical care.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Intervention Group - Video-based Communication | Experimental | Participants in this group received structured video-based communication with their family members using WhatsApp. Each session lasted 5-20 minutes and was conducted once daily for three consecutive days. The communication was facilitated by a nurse and included positive messages, emotional support, and discussion of future plans. The aim was to reduce emotional and social loneliness in ICU patients. Receives: Behavioral: Video-based Communication |
| Control Group - Standard ICU Care | No intervention | Participants in this group received standard ICU care without any video-based communication intervention. They continued with routine treatment and monitoring in the ICU setting for the duration of the study period. This group was used as a comparison to assess the impact of video-based communication on loneliness levels. |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Change in Loneliness Score (De Jong Gierveld Loneliness Scale)
This outcome measures the change in loneliness among ICU patients before and after the intervention, using the De Jong Gierveld Loneliness Scale (DJGLS). The scale assesses both emotional and social loneliness with 11 items, validated in Indonesian. Higher scores indicate greater loneliness. The score is recorded at baseline (pre-intervention) and after 3 days of intervention (post-test). The difference in mean scores is used to assess effectiveness.
Measured: Baseline (Day 1) to Post-Intervention (Day 3)
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted18 Jul 2025
- Study start24 Dec 2024
- Primary completion24 Jan 2025
- Study completion24 Jan 2025
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for Loneliness During COVID-19Studies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Supportive care
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Model description
- This study used a parallel design with two groups: an intervention group and a control group. A total of 36 ICU patients were randomly assigned to each group (18 participants per group). The intervention group received video-based communication with family members once daily for three consecutive days, with each session lasting 5 to 20 minutes. The control group received standard ICU care without the intervention. Loneliness was measured in both groups using the De Jong Gierveld Loneliness Scale before and after the intervention. The study aimed to assess the effectiveness of video-based communication in reducing emotional and social loneliness among ICU patients.
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 36 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Universitas Padjadjaran
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
- Investigators
- Cecep Eli Kosasih, S.Kp., MNS., Ph.D, Principal investigator, Universitas PadjadjaranRistina Mirwanti, S.Kep., Ners., M.Kep., Study director, Universitas Padjadjaran
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07072078
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- NURS-202506.01
- Acronym
- VBC-ICU
- Status last verified
- Jul 2025
- First submitted
- 29 Jun 2025
- Last updated
- 18 Jul 2025
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 18 Jul 2025. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- The Effect of Video-Based Communication on Reducing Loneliness in Intensive Care Unit Patients: A Quasi-Experimental Study
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07072078
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- VBC-ICU / NURS-202506.01
- Conditions
- Loneliness During COVID-19, Loneliness
- Keywords
- Loneliness, Intensive Care Unit, Video-based Communication
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 36 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Universitas PadjadjaranUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 24 Dec 2024 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 24 Jan 2025 (actual)
- Study completion
- 24 Jan 2025 (actual)
- First posted
- 18 Jul 2025 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of video-based communication in reducing loneliness among intensive care unit (ICU) patients at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital in Bandung, Indonesia. ICU patients often experience psychological distress, particularly loneliness, due to restricted family visits and physical isolation.
A quasi-experimental design with a pre-test and post-test control group is used, involving 36 participants who are randomly assigned to either the intervention or control group. The intervention group receives structured video-based communication with family members for three consecutive days, with each session lasting between 5 to 20 minutes. Nurses facilitate the intervention by ensuring patient safety, providing emotional support, and assisting with the communication process. The control group receives standard ICU care without the communication intervention.
Loneliness levels are assessed using the De Jong Gierveld Loneliness Scale (DJGLS) before and after the intervention.
Detailed description
This study investigates the effectiveness of video-based communication in reducing loneliness among patients in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU). Loneliness is a common psychosocial issue in ICU patients, caused by physical isolation, limited visitation policies, and minimal social interaction. It is associated with increased stress, potential suppression of immune response, and extended hospitalization. The intervention provides a practical approach by enabling virtual interaction with family members, allowing emotional connection despite physical distance.
The study uses a quasi-experimental design with a pre-test and post-test control group. A total of 36 patients are recruited from Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital in Bandung and randomly assigned to either an intervention or control group. The intervention group receives structured video-based communication using WhatsApp for three consecutive days, with each session lasting between 5 and 20 minutes. The control group receives standard ICU care without the additional communication support. The De Jong Gierveld Loneliness Scale (DJGLS) is used to assess emotional and social loneliness levels before and after the intervention.
Nurses act as primary facilitators in the intervention. Their responsibilities include ensuring clinical stability, setting up the communication devices, emotionally supporting patients during the sessions, monitoring patient responses, documenting the process, and coordinating communication with family members.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Supportive care
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 2
- Model description
- This study used a parallel design with two groups: an intervention group and a control group. A total of 36 ICU patients were randomly assigned to each group (18 participants per group). The intervention group received video-based communication with family members once daily for three consecutive days, with each session lasting 5 to 20 minutes. The control group received standard ICU care without the intervention. Loneliness was measured in both groups using the De Jong Gierveld Loneliness Scale before and after the intervention. The study aimed to assess the effectiveness of video-based communication in reducing emotional and social loneliness among ICU patients.
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Intervention Group - Video-based Communication | Experimental | Behavioral: Video-based CommunicationParticipants in this group received structured video-based communication with their family members using WhatsApp. Each session lasted 5-20 minutes and was conducted once daily for three consecutive days. The communication was facilitated by a nurse and included positive messages, emotional support, and discussion of future plans. The aim was to reduce emotional and social loneliness in ICU patients. |
| Control Group - Standard ICU Care | No intervention | –Participants in this group received standard ICU care without any video-based communication intervention. They continued with routine treatment and monitoring in the ICU setting for the duration of the study period. This group was used as a comparison to assess the impact of video-based communication on loneliness levels. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 to 70 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (3 listed)
- Patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU)
- Patients aged over 18 years with a minimum of 72 hours of care in the ICU
- Patients who are able to understand and communicate in the Indonesian language
Key exclusion criteria (7 listed)
- Patients with medical conditions such as decreased consciousness, total blindness, or severe neurological disorders
- Patients with a history of psychiatric disorders
- Patients who are discharged from the ICU of Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital during the study period will be considered drop-outs
- Patients whose health deteriorates to the extent that they are unable to continue participation in the study
- Patients who die during the study period
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Video-based CommunicationParticipants received structured video-based communication sessions with their family members using the WhatsApp platform. The intervention was delivered once daily for three consecutive days, with each session lasting between 5 and 20 minutes. Communication was guided to include emotional support, positive conversations, and future-oriented discussion. The sessions were facilitated by nurses who ensured clinical stability, technical setup, and emotional readiness of the patient. This intervention aimed to reduce emotional and social loneliness among ICU patients and was integrated into standard intensive care routines without disrupting medical care. | Behavioural | Intervention Group - Video-based Communication |
Primary outcome
Change in Loneliness Score (De Jong Gierveld Loneliness Scale)
Time frame: Baseline (Day 1) to Post-Intervention (Day 3)
This outcome measures the change in loneliness among ICU patients before and after the intervention, using the De Jong Gierveld Loneliness Scale (DJGLS). The scale assesses both emotional and social loneliness with 11 items, validated in Indonesian. Higher scores indicate greater loneliness. The score is recorded at baseline (pre-intervention) and after 3 days of intervention (post-test). The difference in mean scores is used to assess effectiveness.
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 18 Jul 2025.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Cecep Eli Kosasih, S.Kp., MNS., Ph.D principal investigator
Universitas Padjadjaran
Ristina Mirwanti, S.Kep., Ners., M.Kep. study director
Universitas Padjadjaran
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Video-based Communication in people with Loneliness During COVID-19 and Loneliness, run by Universitas Padjadjaran at 1 site in Indonesia.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 3 inclusion and 7 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 18 Jul 2025. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Indonesia. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Change in Loneliness Score (De Jong Gierveld Loneliness Scale) (time frame: Baseline (Day 1) to Post-Intervention (Day 3)). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 18 Jul 2025.