Smoking CessationNCT07061522
Effects of Smoking Addiction on Lower Limb Speed and Coordination
An observational study of Smoking Cessation, run by Saglik Bilimleri Universitesi at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
Trial summary
This observational case-control study will investigate the impact of smoking addiction on lower extremity speed and coordination in young adults. Participants aged 18-25 will be divided into two groups based on their smoking status. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 to 25 yearsHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Smoking Cessation
- What is being tested?
- Behavioral/Physical Assessment
- Type of treatment
- Injection or infusion
- How many people
- 24 participants
- Where
- 1 siteTurkey (Türkiye)
- Study dates
- 26 Aug 2025to 20 Jul 2026
- Phase
- Observational
- Are there results?
- Not yet: the study is under way
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 to 25 years
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult
Study population: Healthy young adults aged 18-25 who are either current smokers (according to DSM-IV-TR criteria) or non-smokers. Participants must be physically active enough to perform sprint and coordination tasks, with BMI within a defined range (18.5-29.9 kg/m²). Participants are recruited from a university setting using both institutional announcements and snowball sampling.
Who may be able to join
- Smoking ≥1 cigarette daily for at least 12 months
- Age between 18-25
- Literate and cooperative
- BMI: 18.5-29.9 kg/m²
Who cannot join
- Orthopedic, neurological, or neuromuscular conditions impairing walking
- Chronic pulmonary or cardiac disease
- Cognitive impairment
- BMI ≥30 kg/m²
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country. Contact the study team or a site near you to ask about taking part.
Edanur Kocakaplan contact
Turkey (Türkiye)1 site, 1 recruiting
- Recruiting
Esra Pehlivan
Istanbul, Üsküdar, 34668
ESRA PEHLİVAN, 02164189616, fztesrakambur@yahoo.com
About this study
Official title: Investigation of the Impact of Smoking Addiction on the Speed and Coordination of Lower Extremity Movements
This observational case-control study will investigate the impact of smoking addiction on lower extremity speed and coordination in young adults. Participants aged 18-25 will be divided into two groups based on their smoking status. The study will compare motor coordination and sprint performance between smokers and non-smokers using objective physical tests under standardized laboratory conditions.
Read the detailed description
This non-randomized controlled study will aim to evaluate the effects of smoking addiction on the speed and coordination of lower extremity movements among healthy young adults. Smoking is known to have detrimental effects on vascular, musculoskeletal, and neurological systems, yet its impact on motor performance-particularly in the lower limbs-has not been sufficiently studied.
Participants aged 18-25 will be categorized into smoker and non-smoker groups based on DSM-IV-TR nicotine dependence criteria and the Fagerström Test. The Lower Extremity Motor Coordination Test (LEMOCOT) will be used to assess motor coordination, while a 30-meter sprint test will evaluate movement speed. Additionally, body mass index (BMI) and bimalleolar diameter and circumference will be recorded to control for confounding physical variables.
All assessments will be conducted in a controlled laboratory environment. The results will be analyzed to determine whether smoking addiction is associated with impaired lower limb motor function. The findings may provide new insights into the functional consequences of smoking in young adults and contribute to the design of preventive and rehabilitative strategies.
- Conditions
- Smoking Cessation
- Being tested
- Behavioral/Physical Assessment
- Medical subject headings
- Smoking Cessation
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Behavioral/Physical AssessmentOther
This study will not include any therapeutic or clinical intervention. Instead, participants will undergo a series of structured physical and questionnaire-based assessments to evaluate lower extremity motor performance. These include the Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence and DSM-IV-TR criteria to classify smoking addiction. Anthropometric measurements such as Body Mass Index (BMI) and bimalleolar diameter/circumference will be recorded to assess potential confounding structural factors. Lower extremity coordination will be evaluated using the Lower Extremity Motor Coordination Test (LEMOCOT), and movement speed will be assessed with a 30-meter sprint test. All assessments will be conducted once in a controlled laboratory setting and are intended solely for comparative analysis between smokers and non-smokers.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Smoking Addiction Group | Participants in this group will be individuals who meet the criteria for smoking addiction based on both the DSM-IV-TR criteria and the Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence. They must have smoked at least one cigarette per day for the past 12 months. Receives: Other: Behavioral/Physical Assessment | |
| Non-Smokers | Participants in this group will be healthy individuals aged 18-25 with no history of smoking within the past year. They will be matched in terms of age and BMI to the smoking group and will serve as the control cohort. Receives: Other: Behavioral/Physical Assessment |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Lower Extremity Coordination Score
Tool: LEMOCOT (Lower Extremity Motor Coordination Test) Description: Total number of valid taps within 20 seconds.
Measured: Baseline
Sprint Time
Tool: 30-Meter Sprint Test Description: Time in seconds taken to complete a 30-meter run at maximum speed.
Measured: Baseline
Secondary outcomes (3)
Nicotine Dependence Score
Tool: Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence Description: Total score assessing severity of nicotine addiction.
Measured: Baseline
BMI (Body Mass Index)
Calculated as weight (kg)/height² (m²), to assess weight-related influence on movement.
Measured: Baseline
Bimalleolar Diameter and Circumference
Measured with caliper and tape to assess potential structural differences affecting motor coordination.
Measured: Baseline
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted11 Jul 2025
- Study start26 Aug 2025
- Primary completion20 Jul 2026 (estimated)
- Study completion20 Jul 2026 (estimated)
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for Smoking CessationStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by Saglik Bilimleri UniversitesiThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Observational
- Observational model
- Case-control
- Time perspective
- Prospective
- Enrolment
- 24 participants (estimated)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Saglik Bilimleri Universitesi
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, ESRA PEHLIVAN, Saglik Bilimleri Universitesi
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07061522
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- Smoking Add-Coordination-1
- Status last verified
- Aug 2025
- First submitted
- 2 Jul 2025
- Last updated
- 27 Aug 2025
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 27 Aug 2025. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Investigation of the Impact of Smoking Addiction on the Speed and Coordination of Lower Extremity Movements
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07061522
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- Smoking Add-Coordination-1
- Conditions
- Smoking Cessation
- Study type
- Observational
- Recruitment status
- Recruiting
- Enrolment
- 24 participants (estimated)
- Lead sponsor
- Saglik Bilimleri UniversitesiUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 26 Aug 2025 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 20 Jul 2026 (estimated)
- Study completion
- 20 Jul 2026 (estimated)
- First posted
- 11 Jul 2025 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
This observational case-control study will investigate the impact of smoking addiction on lower extremity speed and coordination in young adults. Participants aged 18-25 will be divided into two groups based on their smoking status. The study will compare motor coordination and sprint performance between smokers and non-smokers using objective physical tests under standardized laboratory conditions.
Detailed description
This non-randomized controlled study will aim to evaluate the effects of smoking addiction on the speed and coordination of lower extremity movements among healthy young adults. Smoking is known to have detrimental effects on vascular, musculoskeletal, and neurological systems, yet its impact on motor performance-particularly in the lower limbs-has not been sufficiently studied.
Participants aged 18-25 will be categorized into smoker and non-smoker groups based on DSM-IV-TR nicotine dependence criteria and the Fagerström Test. The Lower Extremity Motor Coordination Test (LEMOCOT) will be used to assess motor coordination, while a 30-meter sprint test will evaluate movement speed. Additionally, body mass index (BMI) and bimalleolar diameter and circumference will be recorded to control for confounding physical variables.
All assessments will be conducted in a controlled laboratory environment. The results will be analyzed to determine whether smoking addiction is associated with impaired lower limb motor function. The findings may provide new insights into the functional consequences of smoking in young adults and contribute to the design of preventive and rehabilitative strategies.
Study design
- Observational model
- Case-control
- Time perspective
- Prospective
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Smoking Addiction Group | – | Other: Behavioral/Physical AssessmentParticipants in this group will be individuals who meet the criteria for smoking addiction based on both the DSM-IV-TR criteria and the Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence. They must have smoked at least one cigarette per day for the past 12 months. |
| Non-Smokers | – | Other: Behavioral/Physical AssessmentParticipants in this group will be healthy individuals aged 18-25 with no history of smoking within the past year. They will be matched in terms of age and BMI to the smoking group and will serve as the control cohort. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 to 25 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult
- Study population
- Healthy young adults aged 18-25 who are either current smokers (according to DSM-IV-TR criteria) or non-smokers. Participants must be physically active enough to perform sprint and coordination tasks, with BMI within a defined range (18.5-29.9 kg/m²). Participants are recruited from a university setting using both institutional announcements and snowball sampling.
Key inclusion criteria (4 listed)
- Smoking ≥1 cigarette daily for at least 12 months
- Age between 18-25
- Literate and cooperative
- BMI: 18.5-29.9 kg/m²
Key exclusion criteria (4 listed)
- Orthopedic, neurological, or neuromuscular conditions impairing walking
- Chronic pulmonary or cardiac disease
- Cognitive impairment
- BMI ≥30 kg/m²
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Behavioral/Physical AssessmentThis study will not include any therapeutic or clinical intervention. Instead, participants will undergo a series of structured physical and questionnaire-based assessments to evaluate lower extremity motor performance. These include the Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence and DSM-IV-TR criteria to classify smoking addiction. Anthropometric measurements such as Body Mass Index (BMI) and bimalleolar diameter/circumference will be recorded to assess potential confounding structural factors. Lower extremity coordination will be evaluated using the Lower Extremity Motor Coordination Test (LEMOCOT), and movement speed will be assessed with a 30-meter sprint test. All assessments will be conducted once in a controlled laboratory setting and are intended solely for comparative analysis between smokers and non-smokers. | Other | Non-Smokers, Smoking Addiction Group |
Primary outcome
Lower Extremity Coordination Score
Time frame: Baseline
Tool: LEMOCOT (Lower Extremity Motor Coordination Test) Description: Total number of valid taps within 20 seconds.
Sprint Time
Time frame: Baseline
Tool: 30-Meter Sprint Test Description: Time in seconds taken to complete a 30-meter run at maximum speed.
3 secondary outcomes
Nicotine Dependence Score
Time frame: Baseline
BMI (Body Mass Index)
Time frame: Baseline
Bimalleolar Diameter and Circumference
Time frame: Baseline
Results and safety
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 27 Aug 2025.
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part.
Edanur Kocakaplan contact
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
An observational study of Smoking Cessation, run by Saglik Bilimleri Universitesi at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 4 inclusion and 4 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: looking for participants now, as of the sponsor's last update on 27 Aug 2025. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye). Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
Contact Esra Pehlivan, Associate Professor (+90216 777 87 77, esra.pehlivan@sbu.edu.tr), or a site near the patient. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Lower Extremity Coordination Score (time frame: Baseline). The study lists 2 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 27 Aug 2025.