Thyroid Nodule (Diagnosis)NCT06792942
Effect of a Nature-View Curtain on Pain, Anxiety, and Fear During Thyroid Biopsy
A study testing Nature-View Curtain Visual Distraction in people with Thyroid Nodule (Diagnosis), run by Dicle University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
Trial summary
Thyroid fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) may cause procedure-related pain, anxiety, and fear. This randomized controlled trial evaluated whether visual distraction with a nature-view curtain could reduce these outcomes. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 years and older
- Conditions the study is for
- Thyroid Nodule (Diagnosis)
- What is being tested?
- Nature-View Curtain Visual Distraction
- Type of treatment
- Lifestyle or therapy programme
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 100 participants
- Where
- 1 siteTurkey (Türkiye)
- Study dates
- 1 Jun 2025to 28 Feb 2026
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 years and older
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Suspicion of a mass in the thyroid
- No vision problems
Who cannot join
- Mental health problems
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
Turkey (Türkiye)1 site
Adana City Training and Research Hospital
Adana, 01230
About this study
Official title: Effect of a Nature-View Curtain Used as a Distraction Method on Pain, Anxiety, and Fear During Ultrasound-Guided Thyroid Fine-Needle Aspiration Biopsy: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Thyroid fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) may cause procedure-related pain, anxiety, and fear. This randomized controlled trial evaluated whether visual distraction with a nature-view curtain could reduce these outcomes. A total of 100 adults undergoing ultrasound-guided thyroid FNAB were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to a nature-view curtain group or a standard-care control group. Participants in the intervention group were instructed to focus on a ceiling-mounted nature-view curtain throughout the biopsy, whereas participants in the control group underwent routine biopsy without this visual distraction. Pain intensity was the primary outcome; anxiety and fear of pain were secondary outcomes. Outcomes were assessed approximately 15 minutes before and approximately 15 minutes after the procedure.
Read the detailed description
This completed, two-arm, parallel-group, randomized controlled trial was conducted at Adana City Training and Research Hospital in Adana, Türkiye, between June 1, 2025, and February 28, 2026.
The study included 100 adults scheduled to undergo ultrasound-guided thyroid fine-needle aspiration biopsy because of a suspected thyroid nodule or mass. Participants were stratified by sex and assigned in a 1:1 ratio to the nature-view curtain group or the standard-care control group using blocks of two. Within each sex stratum, the first participant in each block was assigned by coin toss, and the second was allocated to the other group.
Both groups underwent routine ultrasound-guided thyroid fine-needle aspiration biopsy. Participants in the intervention group were instructed to focus throughout the procedure on a ceiling-mounted, 195 × 135 cm curtain displaying a nature scene. Participants in the control group underwent the routine biopsy procedure without nature-view curtain distraction. The biopsy procedure lasted approximately 5 to 10 minutes.
Pain intensity, anxiety, and fear of pain were assessed approximately 15 minutes before and approximately 15 minutes after the procedure. Pain intensity assessed using the Visual Analog Scale was the primary outcome. Anxiety assessed using the Beck Anxiety Inventory and fear of pain assessed using the Fear of Pain Questionnaire-III were secondary outcomes.
Because of the nature of the intervention, participants and study personnel were not masked. Statistical analyses were conducted by an independent statistician who received coded group data and was unaware of the group identities.
- Conditions
- Thyroid Nodule (Diagnosis)
- Being tested
- Nature-View Curtain Visual Distraction
- Keywords
- Thyroid Fine-Needle Aspiration Biopsy, Visual Distraction, Nature-View Curtain, Procedural Pain, Anxiety, Fear of Pain, Nonpharmacological Intervention
- Medical subject headings
- Thyroid Nodule, Disease, Pain, Procedural, Anxiety Disorders
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Nature-View Curtain Visual DistractionBehavioural
Visual distraction was provided by instructing participants to focus on a ceiling-mounted curtain displaying a nature scene throughout the ultrasound-guided thyroid fine-needle aspiration biopsy procedure.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Nature-View Curtain Group | Experimental | Participants underwent routine ultrasound-guided thyroid fine-needle aspiration biopsy and were instructed to focus throughout the procedure on a ceiling-mounted, 195 × 135 cm curtain displaying a nature scene. The procedure lasted approximately 5 to 10 minutes. Receives: Behavioral: Nature-View Curtain Visual Distraction |
| Standard-Care Control Group | No intervention | Participants underwent routine ultrasound-guided thyroid fine-needle aspiration biopsy without nature-view curtain distraction. |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Visual Analogue Scale
The Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) is a 10-cm (100-mm) scale used to assess pain intensity. Scores range from 0 ("no pain") to 10 ("worst imaginable pain"), with higher scores indicating greater pain intensity. Assessments were performed approximately 15 minutes before the ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy procedure and approximately 15 minutes after completion of the procedure.
Measured: Approximately 15 minutes before and approximately 15 minutes after the ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy procedure.
Secondary outcomes (2)
Fear of Pain Questionnaire-III (FPQ-III)
The Fear of Pain Questionnaire-III (FPQ-III) is a 30-item instrument assessing fear of pain across three domains: severe pain, minor pain, and medical pain. Items are scored on a 5-point Likert scale, yielding a total score ranging from 30 to 150, with higher scores indicating greater fear of pain. Assessments were performed approximately 15 minutes before the ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy procedure and approximately 15 minutes after completion of the procedure.
Measured: Approximately 15 minutes before and approximately 15 minutes after the ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy procedure.
The Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI)
The Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) is a 21-item self-report questionnaire used to assess the severity of anxiety symptoms. Total scores range from 0 to 63, with higher scores indicating greater anxiety severity. Assessments were performed approximately 15 minutes before the ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy procedure and approximately 15 minutes after completion of the procedure.
Measured: Approximately 15 minutes before and approximately 15 minutes after the ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy procedure.
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted27 Jan 2025
- Study start1 Jun 2025
- Primary completion28 Feb 2026
- Study completion28 Feb 2026
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for Thyroid Nodule (Diagnosis)Studies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Supportive care
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Model description
- This was a two-arm, parallel-group, randomized controlled trial with pre-intervention and post-intervention assessments. Participants were stratified by sex and assigned in a 1:1 ratio to the nature-view curtain group or the control group using blocks of two. Within each sex stratum, the first participant in each block was assigned by coin toss, and the second was allocated to the other group. Both groups underwent routine ultrasound-guided thyroid fine-needle aspiration biopsy; only the intervention group was instructed to focus on the nature-view curtain during the procedure.
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 100 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Dicle University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Hamdiye ARDA SÜRÜCÜ, Dicle University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06792942
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- DICLE-ARDASURUCU-004
- Status last verified
- Aug 2026
- First submitted
- 18 Jan 2025
- Last updated
- 27 Aug 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 27 Aug 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Effect of a Nature-View Curtain Used as a Distraction Method on Pain, Anxiety, and Fear During Ultrasound-Guided Thyroid Fine-Needle Aspiration Biopsy: A Randomized Controlled Trial
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06792942
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- DICLE-ARDASURUCU-004
- Conditions
- Thyroid Nodule (Diagnosis)
- Keywords
- Thyroid Fine-Needle Aspiration Biopsy, Visual Distraction, Nature-View Curtain, Procedural Pain, Anxiety, Fear of Pain, Nonpharmacological Intervention
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 100 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Dicle UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 1 Jun 2025 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 28 Feb 2026 (actual)
- Study completion
- 28 Feb 2026 (actual)
- First posted
- 27 Jan 2025 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
Thyroid fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) may cause procedure-related pain, anxiety, and fear. This randomized controlled trial evaluated whether visual distraction with a nature-view curtain could reduce these outcomes. A total of 100 adults undergoing ultrasound-guided thyroid FNAB were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to a nature-view curtain group or a standard-care control group. Participants in the intervention group were instructed to focus on a ceiling-mounted nature-view curtain throughout the biopsy, whereas participants in the control group underwent routine biopsy without this visual distraction. Pain intensity was the primary outcome; anxiety and fear of pain were secondary outcomes. Outcomes were assessed approximately 15 minutes before and approximately 15 minutes after the procedure.
Detailed description
This completed, two-arm, parallel-group, randomized controlled trial was conducted at Adana City Training and Research Hospital in Adana, Türkiye, between June 1, 2025, and February 28, 2026.
The study included 100 adults scheduled to undergo ultrasound-guided thyroid fine-needle aspiration biopsy because of a suspected thyroid nodule or mass. Participants were stratified by sex and assigned in a 1:1 ratio to the nature-view curtain group or the standard-care control group using blocks of two. Within each sex stratum, the first participant in each block was assigned by coin toss, and the second was allocated to the other group.
Both groups underwent routine ultrasound-guided thyroid fine-needle aspiration biopsy. Participants in the intervention group were instructed to focus throughout the procedure on a ceiling-mounted, 195 × 135 cm curtain displaying a nature scene. Participants in the control group underwent the routine biopsy procedure without nature-view curtain distraction. The biopsy procedure lasted approximately 5 to 10 minutes.
Pain intensity, anxiety, and fear of pain were assessed approximately 15 minutes before and approximately 15 minutes after the procedure. Pain intensity assessed using the Visual Analog Scale was the primary outcome. Anxiety assessed using the Beck Anxiety Inventory and fear of pain assessed using the Fear of Pain Questionnaire-III were secondary outcomes.
Because of the nature of the intervention, participants and study personnel were not masked. Statistical analyses were conducted by an independent statistician who received coded group data and was unaware of the group identities.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Supportive care
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 2
- Model description
- This was a two-arm, parallel-group, randomized controlled trial with pre-intervention and post-intervention assessments. Participants were stratified by sex and assigned in a 1:1 ratio to the nature-view curtain group or the control group using blocks of two. Within each sex stratum, the first participant in each block was assigned by coin toss, and the second was allocated to the other group. Both groups underwent routine ultrasound-guided thyroid fine-needle aspiration biopsy; only the intervention group was instructed to focus on the nature-view curtain during the procedure.
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Nature-View Curtain Group | Experimental | Behavioral: Nature-View Curtain Visual DistractionParticipants underwent routine ultrasound-guided thyroid fine-needle aspiration biopsy and were instructed to focus throughout the procedure on a ceiling-mounted, 195 × 135 cm curtain displaying a nature scene. The procedure lasted approximately 5 to 10 minutes. |
| Standard-Care Control Group | No intervention | –Participants underwent routine ultrasound-guided thyroid fine-needle aspiration biopsy without nature-view curtain distraction. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 years and older
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (2 listed)
- Suspicion of a mass in the thyroid
- No vision problems
Key exclusion criteria (1 listed)
- Mental health problems
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Nature-View Curtain Visual DistractionVisual distraction was provided by instructing participants to focus on a ceiling-mounted curtain displaying a nature scene throughout the ultrasound-guided thyroid fine-needle aspiration biopsy procedure. | Behavioural | Nature-View Curtain Group |
Primary outcome
Visual Analogue Scale
Time frame: Approximately 15 minutes before and approximately 15 minutes after the ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy procedure.
The Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) is a 10-cm (100-mm) scale used to assess pain intensity. Scores range from 0 ("no pain") to 10 ("worst imaginable pain"), with higher scores indicating greater pain intensity. Assessments were performed approximately 15 minutes before the ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy procedure and approximately 15 minutes after completion of the procedure.
2 secondary outcomes
Fear of Pain Questionnaire-III (FPQ-III)
Time frame: Approximately 15 minutes before and approximately 15 minutes after the ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy procedure.
The Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI)
Time frame: Approximately 15 minutes before and approximately 15 minutes after the ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy procedure.
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 27 Aug 2026.
Related trials for Thyroid Nodule (Diagnosis)
Recruiting
NIRAF-Guided Parathyroid Identification During Thyroidectomy
Hypocalcemia, Hypoparathyroidism
Recruiting
Evaluation of DNA Methylation Signatures for the Diagnosis and Management of Thyroid Nodules
Thyroid Gland Carcinoma
Recruiting
Thyroid Artery Embolization for the Treatment of Compressive Goiters.
Thyroid Nodules
Not yet recruitingObservational study
Serum Treg/Th17-Related Cytokines and Systemic Inflammatory Indices in Differentiated Thyroid Cancer
Differentiated Thyroid Cancer (DTC), Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma
Recruiting
Radiofrequency Ablation Study in LatinX Patients
Thyroid Nodule
Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
The record lists no contact. Use the official record to reach the sponsor.
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Nature-View Curtain Visual Distraction in people with Thyroid Nodule (Diagnosis), run by Dicle University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 2 inclusion and 1 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 27 Aug 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye). Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Visual Analogue Scale (time frame: Approximately 15 minutes before and approximately 15 minutes after the ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy procedure.). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 27 Aug 2026.