Psychological FactorsNCT06787833
The Effect of Classical Music on Dental Students' Stress and Anxiety During the COVID-19 Pandemic
A study testing Questionnaire and listening to music in people with Psychological Factors, run by Karabuk University at 2 sites in Turkey (Türkiye).
Trial summary
The students adapted to the environment for the first 2 days, were informed about the study, and their informed consent was obtained. Participants were asked to answer all questions and to give a single answer to each question. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 20 years and olderHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Psychological Factors
- What is being tested?
- Questionnaire and listening to music
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 46 participants
- Where
- 2 sitesTurkey (Türkiye)
- Study dates
- 1 Nov 2021to 24 Dec 2021
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 20 years and older
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Aged 20 years and over,
- Systemically healthy and drug-free,
- Students who were obliged to practice in the clinic of the Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Ankara University, within the scope of the education program
Who cannot join
- Systemic diseases
- Medication use
Trial locations and contacts
2 sites in 1 country.
Turkey (Türkiye)2 sites
AnkaraUniversity
Ankara, 06560
Karabuk University
Karabük, Karabük Province, 78100
About this study
Official title: The Effect of Performing Clinical Practice With Classical Music on Dental Students' Stress and Anxiety During the COVID-19 Pandemic
The students adapted to the environment for the first 2 days, were informed about the study, and their informed consent was obtained. Participants were asked to answer all questions and to give a single answer to each question. The students filled in the questionnaire form used in the study without any intervention by the researcher. Participants filled out the same survey four times at different times following a specific protocol.
Read the detailed description
The study was conducted with a specific protocol. First, they were asked to complete a questionnaire including socio-demographic data, Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-14), and Coronavirus Anxiety Scale (CAS) before patient admission (T1). The students were asked to complete the same questionnaire at the end of the day after working for 2 days (T2) and in the morning on the 5th day of their study before seeing patients (T3). Each of the students participating in the study was given disposable headphones every day during the week of music listening. In this study, Beethoven's Moonlight Sonata (1 hour 2 minutes) Mozart's Serenata Notturna KV239 (12.50 minutes) and Pachelbel's Canon in D major (6.16 minutes)were used. It was shared with the students via WhatsApp and they were allowed to listen to this music on their phones for 1 week (2 hours on average) during the study period. The same questionnaire was refilled at the end of the week in which music was played (T4).
- Conditions
- Psychological Factors
- Being tested
- Questionnaire, listening to music
- Keywords
- Beethoven, Coronavirus anxiety, Music, Mozart, Perceived stress
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
QuestionnaireOther
to complete a questionnaire including socio-demographic data, Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-14), and Coronavirus Anxiety Scale (CAS) before patient admission (T1). The students were asked to complete the same questionnaire at the end of the day after working for 2 days (T2) and in the morning on the 5th day of their study before seeing patients (T3).The same questionnaire was refilled at the end of the week in which music was played (T4).
listening to musicOther
Each of the students participating in the study was given disposable headphones every day during the week of music listening. In this study, Beethoven's Moonlight Sonata (1 hour 2 minutes)23,55, Mozart's Serenata Notturna KV239 (12.50 minutes)18,19, and Pachelbel's Canon in D major (6.16 minutes)24,25 were used. It was shared with the students via WhatsApp and they were allowed to listen to this music on their phones for 1 week (2 hours on average) during the study period.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Participants | Experimental | they were asked to complete a questionnaire including socio-demographic data, Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-14), and Coronavirus Anxiety Scale (CAS) before patient admission (T1). The students were asked to complete the same questionnaire at the end of the day after working for 2 days (T2) and in the morning on the 5th day of their study before seeing patients (T3). Each of the students participating in the study was given disposable headphones every day during the week of music listening. In this study, Beethoven's Moonlight Sonata (1 hour 2 minutes), Mozart's Serenata Notturna KV239 (12.50 minutes) and Pachelbel's Canon in D major (6.16 minutes) were used. It was shared with the students via WhatsApp and they were allowed to listen to this music on their phones for 1 week (2 hours on average) during the study period. The same questionnaire was refilled at the end of the week in which music was played (T4). Receives: Other: Questionnaire; Other: listening to music |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Participants' initial stress and anxiety levels
In the period after the transition from remote learning to face-to-face education during the pandemic, it was determined that final-year dental students engaged in clinical practice experienced moderate levels of perceived stress and low levels of coronavirus anxiety.
Measured: up to 2 days
Secondary outcomes (1)
Participants' stress and anxiety levels after listening to music
In this situation, the music played to the students was effective, as declines were observed in survey scores. However, relaxation and breathing exercises could also be recommended to dental students, who experience a stressful education process even outside of the pandemic. Psychological support and counseling could be provided when necessary.
Measured: up to 2 weeks
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted22 Jan 2025
- Study start1 Nov 2021
- Primary completion17 Dec 2021
- Study completion24 Dec 2021
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (1)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Psychological FactorsStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Other
- Allocation
- Not applicable
- Intervention model
- Single group
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 46 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Karabuk University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Ankara University
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Sevilay Yeğinoğlu, Karabuk University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06787833
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- No.17/03, dated 17.11.2021
- Status last verified
- Jan 2025
- First submitted
- 16 Jan 2025
- Last updated
- 22 Jan 2025
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- Yes: We can share statistical data in excel file upon request.
Publications
Groarke JM, Hogan MJ. Listening to self-chosen music regulates induced negative affect for both younger and older adults. PLoS One. 2019 Jun 6;14(6):e0218017. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0218017. eCollection 2019.
PubMed 31170224
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 22 Jan 2025. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- The Effect of Performing Clinical Practice With Classical Music on Dental Students' Stress and Anxiety During the COVID-19 Pandemic
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06787833
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- No.17/03, dated 17.11.2021
- Conditions
- Psychological Factors
- Keywords
- Beethoven, Coronavirus anxiety, Music, Mozart, Perceived stress
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 46 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Karabuk UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Ankara University
- Study start
- 1 Nov 2021 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 17 Dec 2021 (actual)
- Study completion
- 24 Dec 2021 (actual)
- First posted
- 22 Jan 2025 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
The students adapted to the environment for the first 2 days, were informed about the study, and their informed consent was obtained. Participants were asked to answer all questions and to give a single answer to each question. The students filled in the questionnaire form used in the study without any intervention by the researcher. Participants filled out the same survey four times at different times following a specific protocol.
Detailed description
The study was conducted with a specific protocol. First, they were asked to complete a questionnaire including socio-demographic data, Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-14), and Coronavirus Anxiety Scale (CAS) before patient admission (T1). The students were asked to complete the same questionnaire at the end of the day after working for 2 days (T2) and in the morning on the 5th day of their study before seeing patients (T3). Each of the students participating in the study was given disposable headphones every day during the week of music listening. In this study, Beethoven's Moonlight Sonata (1 hour 2 minutes) Mozart's Serenata Notturna KV239 (12.50 minutes) and Pachelbel's Canon in D major (6.16 minutes)were used. It was shared with the students via WhatsApp and they were allowed to listen to this music on their phones for 1 week (2 hours on average) during the study period. The same questionnaire was refilled at the end of the week in which music was played (T4).
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Other
- Allocation
- Not applicable
- Intervention model
- Single group
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 1
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Participants | Experimental | Other: Questionnaire, Other: listening to musicthey were asked to complete a questionnaire including socio-demographic data, Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-14), and Coronavirus Anxiety Scale (CAS) before patient admission (T1). The students were asked to complete the same questionnaire at the end of the day after working for 2 days (T2) and in the morning on the 5th day of their study before seeing patients (T3). Each of the students participating in the study was given disposable headphones every day during the week of music listening. In this study, Beethoven's Moonlight Sonata (1 hour 2 minutes), Mozart's Serenata Notturna KV239 (12.50 minutes) and Pachelbel's Canon in D major (6.16 minutes) were used. It was shared with the students via WhatsApp and they were allowed to listen to this music on their phones for 1 week (2 hours on average) during the study period. The same questionnaire was refilled at the end of the week in which music was played (T4). |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 20 years and older
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (3 listed)
- Aged 20 years and over,
- Systemically healthy and drug-free,
- Students who were obliged to practice in the clinic of the Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Ankara University, within the scope of the education program
Key exclusion criteria (2 listed)
- Systemic diseases
- Medication use
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Questionnaireto complete a questionnaire including socio-demographic data, Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-14), and Coronavirus Anxiety Scale (CAS) before patient admission (T1). The students were asked to complete the same questionnaire at the end of the day after working for 2 days (T2) and in the morning on the 5th day of their study before seeing patients (T3).The same questionnaire was refilled at the end of the week in which music was played (T4). | Other | Participants |
| listening to musicEach of the students participating in the study was given disposable headphones every day during the week of music listening. In this study, Beethoven's Moonlight Sonata (1 hour 2 minutes)23,55, Mozart's Serenata Notturna KV239 (12.50 minutes)18,19, and Pachelbel's Canon in D major (6.16 minutes)24,25 were used. It was shared with the students via WhatsApp and they were allowed to listen to this music on their phones for 1 week (2 hours on average) during the study period. | Other | Participants |
Primary outcome
Participants' initial stress and anxiety levels
Time frame: up to 2 days
In the period after the transition from remote learning to face-to-face education during the pandemic, it was determined that final-year dental students engaged in clinical practice experienced moderate levels of perceived stress and low levels of coronavirus anxiety.
1 secondary outcome
Participants' stress and anxiety levels after listening to music
Time frame: up to 2 weeks
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 22 Jan 2025.
- Results publication: PubMed 31170224Groarke JM, Hogan MJ. Listening to self-chosen music regulates induced negative affect for both younger and older adults. PLoS One. 2019 Jun 6;14(6):e0218017. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0218017. eCollection 2019.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: Yes. We can share statistical data in excel file upon request.
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
The record lists no contact. Use the official record to reach the sponsor.
2 sites in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Questionnaire and listening to music in people with Psychological Factors, run by Karabuk University at 2 sites in Turkey (Türkiye).
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 3 inclusion and 2 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 22 Jan 2025. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 2 sites in Turkey (Türkiye). Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Participants' initial stress and anxiety levels (time frame: up to 2 days). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT06787833, which also lists 1 linked publication.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 22 Jan 2025.