ObesityMEMORYNCT06752967
Hormonal Control of Energy and Macronutrient Intake in Obesity (MEMORY)
A study testing High protein liquid test meal and High carbohydrate liquid test meal in people with Obesity and Normal Weight, run by Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen at 1 site in Denmark.
Trial summary
The overall aim of the MEMORY study is to examine the concept of 'food memory' - how specific macronutrient compositions influence subsequent food preference and intake, and whether this differs across the BMI range from normal weight to obesity. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 to 45 yearsHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Obesity, Normal Weight, Overweight
- What is being tested?
- High protein liquid test meal and High carbohydrate liquid test meal
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 47 participants
- Where
- 1 siteDenmark
- Study dates
- 12 Dec 2024to 25 Jun 2026
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 to 45 years
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult
Who may be able to join
- Age 18-45 years
- For women: Regular menstruation
- BMI-range 18.5-39.9 kg/m^2
Who cannot join
- Not able or willing to eat or drink the test meals because of e.g., allergy or intolerance
- Daily smoking
- For women: Pregnancy / planned pregnancy (within the study period) / lactating
- Self-reported history of an eating disorder
- Self-reported weight change (kg) within two months prior to inclusion
- HbA1c ≥48 mmol/mol
Show all 15Show fewer
- Treatment with antidepressants
- Alcohol/drug abuse or in treatment with disulfiram (antabus) at time of inclusion
- Uncontrolled medical issues including but not limited to cardiovascular pulmonary, rheumatologic, hematologic, oncologic, infectious, gastrointestinal, or psychiatric disease; diabetes or other endocrine disease; immunosuppression
- Current treatment with medication which significantly affect appetite or energy balance (e.g., GLP-1 receptor agonists)
- Bariatric surgery
- Unable to understand the informed consent and the study procedures
- Concomitant participation in intervention studies
- Participant's withdrawal of the informed consent
- Other safety concerns - judged by the investigator
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
About this study
Official title: Hormonal Control of Energy and Macronutrient Intake in Obesity
The overall aim of the MEMORY study is to examine the concept of 'food memory' - how specific macronutrient compositions influence subsequent food preference and intake, and whether this differs across the BMI range from normal weight to obesity.
Read the detailed description
45 people (age 18-45 years old) with normal weight (BMI between 18.5-24.9 kg/m^2, n=15), overweight (BMI between 25-29.9 kg/m^2, n=15), and obesity (BMI above 30 kg/m^2, n=15) will participate in this randomized cross-over study. Participants will complete one screening visit and two test visits.
During their test visits participants will be served a liquid meal consisting of either carbohydrate (sucrose) or protein (whey protein) diluted in water and sugar-free cordial mix for flavor. Participants will be served either carbohydrate or protein at their first visit and the opposite at their second visit in random order. The test visits will include clinical assessment (body weight, body composition, and blood pressure); Blood samples; Visual analogue scales for assessment of subjective appetite; Ad libitum buffet for assessment of energy intake. Participants will complete the Steno Biometric Food Preference Task (SBFPT), a computerized task measuring food choice, explicit liking, and implicit and explicit wanting with concomitant biometric measurements.
Time: -60 minutes (fasting), 0 minutes (liquid test meal), 150 minutes (ad libitum test buffet).
Descriptive data will be collected at the screening visit and will include body weight (kg); BMI, kg/m^2; Fasting blood samples; Urine sample (future research); Adipose tissue biopsy (future research). Participants will also answer questionnaires regarding Socioeconomic status (SES), Control over eating (CoEQ), Health and wellbeing (SF-36), physical activity (international physical activity ((IPAQ)), and chronotype (morningsness/eveningsness ((MEQ)).
The specific research aims are:
- To investigate whether intake of high-sucrose or high-protein affects subsequent food sensory-specific preference and different food intake from an ad libitum buffet, and whether this differs between individuals across the BMI range from normal weight to obesity.
- To investigate whether the plasma FGF21 and glucagon responses:
- Differ between the above-mentioned macronutrient compositions,
- Are associated to subsequent food sensory-specific preference and macronutrient intake from an ad libitum buffet, and
- Differ between individuals across the BMI range from normal weight to obesity.
- To investigate whether the postprandial responses of well-known appetite-related hormones, as well as unexplored metabolites and proteins:
- Differ between the above-mentioned macronutrient compositions,
- Are associated to subsequent food sensory-specific preference and macronutrient intake from an ad libitum buffet, and
- Differ between individuals across the BMI range from normal weight.
- To identify new biomarkers facilitating patient stratification and optimize future treatment of obesity.
- Conditions
- Obesity, Normal Weight, Overweight
- Being tested
- High protein liquid test meal, High carbohydrate liquid test meal
- Keywords
- ad libitum buffet, Food preferences, Macronutrient, Appetite, Appetite hormones, FGF21, Glucagon
- Medical subject headings
- Obesity, Overweight, Food Preferences
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
High protein liquid test mealOther
High protein liquid test meal consisting of whey protein, water and sugar-free coadial mix for flavour.
High carbohydrate liquid test mealOther
High carbohydrate liquid test meal consisting of sucrose, water and sugar-free coadial mix for flavour.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Protein liquid test meal | Experimental | Liquid test meal high in protein. Receives: Other: High protein liquid test meal |
| Carbohydrate liquid test meal | Experimental | Liquid test meal high in carbohydrates. Receives: Other: High carbohydrate liquid test meal |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Difference in energy intake from sweet tasting carbohydrates.
The difference in energy intake (E%) from sweet tasting carbohydrates during the ad libitum buffet in response to the high carbohydrate vs. high protein isocaloric liquid test meals.
Measured: Measured after meal consumption at t=150 min
Secondary outcomes (23)
Difference in self-reported energy intake
Difference in 24-h self-reported energy intake (KJ) from carbohydrate, protein, and fat and total energy intake in response to the high carbohydrate vs. high protein isocaloric liquid meals.
Measured: Measured 24-hours after test visits
Difference in energy intake from fat
Difference in energy intake (KJ) from protein during the ad libitum buffet in response to the high carbohydrate vs. high protein isocaloric liquid meals.
Measured: Measured after meal consumption at t=150 min
Difference in energy intake from sweet tasting carbohydrates.
The difference in energy intake (KJ) from sweet tasting carbohydrates during the ad libitum buffet in response to the high carbohydrate vs. high protein isocaloric liquid test meals.
Measured: Measured after meal consumption at t=150 min
Difference in energy intake from protein
Difference in energy intake (KJ) from protein during the ad libitum buffet in response to the high carbohydrate vs. high protein isocaloric liquid meals.
Measured: Measured after meal consumption at t=150 min
Food choice
Food choice of food items from four combined food categories (high-fat savoury, high-fat sweet, low-fat savoury and low-fat sweet foods) examined from the SBFPT. Food choice is determined based on frequency of selection made within each food category. The scores range from 0-48 i.e. 0 = foods within a specific food category have not been selected at all to 48 = foods within a specific food category have been selected 48 times.
Measured: Measured during test visits (T=-60 min and T=120 min)
Food attention
Measured using eye tracking in response to looking at food pictures during SBFPT.
Includes the following parameters: Gaze: Time spent (ms and %) andrevisits (n); and fixations: Time to first fixation (ms), time spent (ms and %), fixation count (n), first fixation duration (ms), average fixation duration (ms). Distance to screen (mm), and gaze direction bias (ratio) which is calculated as the number of trials in which the first fixation was directed to a food image as a proportion to all trials. A bias score ˃0.5 indicates attention towards one food image, a bias score equal to 0.5 indicates no bias, and a bias score <0.5 indicates attention towards the other food images.
Measured: Measured during test visits (T=-60 min and T=120 min)
Food reaction time
Reaction time during forced food choice of food items from four combined food categories (high-fat savoury, high-fat sweet, low-fatsavoury and low-fat sweet foods) examined from the SBFPT.
Measured: Measured during test visits (T=-60 min and T=120 min)
Explicit liking
Explicit liking of 16 food items from four combined food categories (high-fat savoury, high-fat sweet, low-fat savoury and low-fat sweet foods) examined from the SBFPT. Explicit liking is rated using visual analogue scales and the range is 0-100. Each end represents the extremes e.g. Question: "how pleasant would it be to taste this foodright now?" Answer: "not at all" (rated 0 on the 0-100 scale) to "extremely" (rated 100 on the 0-100 scale).
Measured: Measured during test visits (T=-60 min and T=120 min)
Implicit wanting
Implicit wanting of food items from four combined food categories (high-fat savoury, high-fat sweet, low-fat savoury and low-fat sweet foods) examined from the SBFPT. Implicit wanting is assessed based on food choice and response time for selected and non-selected food items as well as mean response time (a frequency-weighted algorithm).
In this frequency-weighted algorithm a positive score indicates a morerapid preference for a food type over another food type and a negative score indicates the opposite. A score of zero indicates that food types are equally preferred. The frequency weighted algorithm isused so the implicit wanting score is influenced by both selection (positively contributing to the score) and non-selection (negatively contributing to the score) of food type. Scores for implicit wanting typically range from -100-100 (due to reaction time there is no fixedmin-max value)
Measured: Measured during test visits (T=-60 min and T=120 min)
Explicit wanting
Explicit wanting of 16 food items from four combined food categories (high-fat savoury, high-fat sweet, low-fat savoury and low-fat sweet foods) examined from the SBFPT. Explicit wanting is rated using visual analogue scales and the range is 0-100. Each end represents the extremes e.g. Question: "how much do you want some of this food now?" Answer: "not at all" (rated 0 on the 0-100 scale) to "extremely" (rated 100 on the 0-100 scale).
Measured: Measured during test visits (T=-60 min and T=120 min)
Unspecified exploratory outcome
Unspecified exploratory outcomes related to the 16 food items from four combined food categories (high-fat savoury, high-fat sweet, low-fat savoury and low-fat sweet foods) examined from the SBFPT.
Measured: Measured during test visits (T=-60 min and T=120 min)
Subjective appetite sensations
Rated using visual analogue scales and includes sensations of: Hunger, fullness, satiety, prospective food consumption, wellbeing, nausea, thirst, desire to eat meat, salty, or sweet. The scale range is 0-100 mm and each end represent the extremes e.g. hunger rating: "I am not hungry at all" to "I have never been this hungry before".
Measured: Measured at specific time points during test visits (fasted, T=15 min, T=30 min, T=60 min, T= 75 min, T=90 min, T=105 min, T=120 min, T=150 min)
Difference in plasma FGF21
Difference in plasma FGF21 concentrations in response to the high carbohydrate vs. high protein isocaloric liquid meals.
Measured: Measured during screening visit and test visit (fasted, T=15 min, T=30 min, T=60 min, T= 75 min, T=90 min, T=105 min, T=120 min, T=150 min)
Difference in plasma glucagon levels
Difference in plasma glucagon levels in response to the high carbohydrate vs. high protein isocaloric liquid meals.
Measured: Measured during screening visit and test visit (fasted, T=15 min, T=30 min, T=60 min, T= 75 min, T=90 min, T=105 min, T=120 min, T=150 min)
Metabolites
Concentrations of metabolites including but not limited to: glucose, triglycerides, cholesterol (LDL/HDL), Free-Fatty Acids (FFA) in response to the high carbohydrate vs. high protein isocaloric liquid meals.
Measured: Measured at fasted state (LDL/HDL, cholesterol, triglycerides, FFA) and to T=15 min, T=30 min, T=60 min, T= 75 min, T=90 min, T=105 min, T=120 min, T=150 min (glucose, FFA)
Hormones
Concentrations of hormones related to regulation of appetite, glucose and lipid metabolism (including but not limited to: Insulin, glucagon, ghrelin, Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 (GLP-1), Glucose-Dependent Insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), C-peptide, Peptide YY (PYY),Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 (FGF21), Growth Differentiation Factor 15 (GDF15), Leptin, Cholecystokinin (CCK), Pancreatic Peptide (PP).
Measured: Measured during screening visit and test visit (fasted, T=15 min, T=30 min, T=60 min, T= 75 min, T=90 min, T=105 min, T=120 min, T=150 min)
Biomarkers
Circulating biomarkers measured with metabolomics, lipidomics, proteomics
Measured: Measured during screening visit and test visit (fasted, T=15 min, T=30 min, T=60 min, T= 75 min, T=90 min, T=105 min, T=120 min, T=150 min)
Electrolytes
Concentrations of electrolytes including but not limited to: Natrium and Kalium
Measured: Measured during test visits (fasted, T=15 min, T=30 min, T=60 min, T= 75 min, T=90 min, T=105 min, T=120 min, T=150 min)
Inflammatory markers
C-Reactive Protein (CRP), assessed from blood samples at all visits
Measured: Measured at fasted state (time = -60 min) during screening and both test visits (time = -60 min)
Markers of liver function
Concentrations of enzymes including but not limited to: Alanine Aminotransferase (ALAT), Aspartate Transaminase (ASAT).
Measured: Measured at fasted state (time = -60 min) during screening and both test visits (time = -60 min)
Difference in self-reported energy intake
Difference in 24-h self-reported energy intake (E%) from carbohydrate, protein, and fat and total energy intake in response to the high carbohydrate vs. high protein isocaloric liquid meals.
Measured: Measured 24-hours after test visits
Difference in energy intake from fat
Difference in energy intake (E%) from protein during the ad libitum buffet in response to the high carbohydrate vs. high protein isocaloric liquid meals.
Measured: Measured after meal consumption at t=150 min
Difference in energy intake from protein
Difference in energy intake (E%) from protein during the ad libitum buffet in response to the high carbohydrate vs. high protein isocaloric liquid meals.
Measured: Measured after meal consumption at t=150 min
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted31 Dec 2024
- Study start12 Dec 2024
- Primary completion25 Jun 2026
- Study completion25 Jun 2026
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for ObesityStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Crossover
- Model description
- Randomized
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 47 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Novo Nordisk A/S, University of Leeds, University of Copenhagen
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
- Investigators
- Jonas S Salling Quist, MSc, PhD, Principal investigator, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06752967
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- H-24048302
- Acronym
- MEMORY
- Status last verified
- Apr 2026
- First submitted
- 5 Nov 2024
- Last updated
- 19 Aug 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 19 Aug 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Hormonal Control of Energy and Macronutrient Intake in Obesity
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06752967
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- MEMORY / H-24048302
- Conditions
- Obesity, Normal Weight, Overweight
- Keywords
- ad libitum buffet, Food preferences, Macronutrient, Appetite, Appetite hormones, FGF21, Glucagon
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 47 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Steno Diabetes Center CopenhagenUniversity, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Novo Nordisk A/S, University of Leeds, University of Copenhagen
- Study start
- 12 Dec 2024 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 25 Jun 2026 (actual)
- Study completion
- 25 Jun 2026 (actual)
- First posted
- 31 Dec 2024 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
The overall aim of the MEMORY study is to examine the concept of 'food memory' - how specific macronutrient compositions influence subsequent food preference and intake, and whether this differs across the BMI range from normal weight to obesity.
Detailed description
45 people (age 18-45 years old) with normal weight (BMI between 18.5-24.9 kg/m^2, n=15), overweight (BMI between 25-29.9 kg/m^2, n=15), and obesity (BMI above 30 kg/m^2, n=15) will participate in this randomized cross-over study. Participants will complete one screening visit and two test visits.
During their test visits participants will be served a liquid meal consisting of either carbohydrate (sucrose) or protein (whey protein) diluted in water and sugar-free cordial mix for flavor. Participants will be served either carbohydrate or protein at their first visit and the opposite at their second visit in random order. The test visits will include clinical assessment (body weight, body composition, and blood pressure); Blood samples; Visual analogue scales for assessment of subjective appetite; Ad libitum buffet for assessment of energy intake. Participants will complete the Steno Biometric Food Preference Task (SBFPT), a computerized task measuring food choice, explicit liking, and implicit and explicit wanting with concomitant biometric measurements.
Time: -60 minutes (fasting), 0 minutes (liquid test meal), 150 minutes (ad libitum test buffet).
Descriptive data will be collected at the screening visit and will include body weight (kg); BMI, kg/m^2; Fasting blood samples; Urine sample (future research); Adipose tissue biopsy (future research). Participants will also answer questionnaires regarding Socioeconomic status (SES), Control over eating (CoEQ), Health and wellbeing (SF-36), physical activity (international physical activity ((IPAQ)), and chronotype (morningsness/eveningsness ((MEQ)).
The specific research aims are:
- To investigate whether intake of high-sucrose or high-protein affects subsequent food sensory-specific preference and different food intake from an ad libitum buffet, and whether this differs between individuals across the BMI range from normal weight to obesity.
- To investigate whether the plasma FGF21 and glucagon responses:
- Differ between the above-mentioned macronutrient compositions,
- Are associated to subsequent food sensory-specific preference and macronutrient intake from an ad libitum buffet, and
- Differ between individuals across the BMI range from normal weight to obesity.
- To investigate whether the postprandial responses of well-known appetite-related hormones, as well as unexplored metabolites and proteins:
- Differ between the above-mentioned macronutrient compositions,
- Are associated to subsequent food sensory-specific preference and macronutrient intake from an ad libitum buffet, and
- Differ between individuals across the BMI range from normal weight.
- To identify new biomarkers facilitating patient stratification and optimize future treatment of obesity.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Crossover
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 2
- Model description
- Randomized
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Protein liquid test meal | Experimental | Other: High protein liquid test mealLiquid test meal high in protein. |
| Carbohydrate liquid test meal | Experimental | Other: High carbohydrate liquid test mealLiquid test meal high in carbohydrates. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 to 45 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult
Key inclusion criteria (3 listed)
- Age 18-45 years
- For women: Regular menstruation
- BMI-range 18.5-39.9 kg/m^2
Key exclusion criteria (15 listed)
- Not able or willing to eat or drink the test meals because of e.g., allergy or intolerance
- Daily smoking
- For women: Pregnancy / planned pregnancy (within the study period) / lactating
- Self-reported history of an eating disorder
- Self-reported weight change (kg) within two months prior to inclusion
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| High protein liquid test mealHigh protein liquid test meal consisting of whey protein, water and sugar-free coadial mix for flavour. | Other | Protein liquid test meal |
| High carbohydrate liquid test mealHigh carbohydrate liquid test meal consisting of sucrose, water and sugar-free coadial mix for flavour. | Other | Carbohydrate liquid test meal |
Primary outcome
Difference in energy intake from sweet tasting carbohydrates.
Time frame: Measured after meal consumption at t=150 min
The difference in energy intake (E%) from sweet tasting carbohydrates during the ad libitum buffet in response to the high carbohydrate vs. high protein isocaloric liquid test meals.
23 secondary outcomes
Difference in self-reported energy intake
Time frame: Measured 24-hours after test visits
Difference in energy intake from fat
Time frame: Measured after meal consumption at t=150 min
Difference in energy intake from sweet tasting carbohydrates.
Time frame: Measured after meal consumption at t=150 min
Difference in energy intake from protein
Time frame: Measured after meal consumption at t=150 min
Food choice
Time frame: Measured during test visits (T=-60 min and T=120 min)
Food attention
Time frame: Measured during test visits (T=-60 min and T=120 min)
Food reaction time
Time frame: Measured during test visits (T=-60 min and T=120 min)
Explicit liking
Time frame: Measured during test visits (T=-60 min and T=120 min)
Implicit wanting
Time frame: Measured during test visits (T=-60 min and T=120 min)
Explicit wanting
Time frame: Measured during test visits (T=-60 min and T=120 min)
Unspecified exploratory outcome
Time frame: Measured during test visits (T=-60 min and T=120 min)
Subjective appetite sensations
Time frame: Measured at specific time points during test visits (fasted, T=15 min, T=30 min, T=60 min, T= 75 min, T=90 min, T=105 min, T=120 min, T=150 min)
Difference in plasma FGF21
Time frame: Measured during screening visit and test visit (fasted, T=15 min, T=30 min, T=60 min, T= 75 min, T=90 min, T=105 min, T=120 min, T=150 min)
Difference in plasma glucagon levels
Time frame: Measured during screening visit and test visit (fasted, T=15 min, T=30 min, T=60 min, T= 75 min, T=90 min, T=105 min, T=120 min, T=150 min)
Metabolites
Time frame: Measured at fasted state (LDL/HDL, cholesterol, triglycerides, FFA) and to T=15 min, T=30 min, T=60 min, T= 75 min, T=90 min, T=105 min, T=120 min, T=150 min (glucose, FFA)
Hormones
Time frame: Measured during screening visit and test visit (fasted, T=15 min, T=30 min, T=60 min, T= 75 min, T=90 min, T=105 min, T=120 min, T=150 min)
Biomarkers
Time frame: Measured during screening visit and test visit (fasted, T=15 min, T=30 min, T=60 min, T= 75 min, T=90 min, T=105 min, T=120 min, T=150 min)
Electrolytes
Time frame: Measured during test visits (fasted, T=15 min, T=30 min, T=60 min, T= 75 min, T=90 min, T=105 min, T=120 min, T=150 min)
Inflammatory markers
Time frame: Measured at fasted state (time = -60 min) during screening and both test visits (time = -60 min)
Markers of liver function
Time frame: Measured at fasted state (time = -60 min) during screening and both test visits (time = -60 min)
Difference in self-reported energy intake
Time frame: Measured 24-hours after test visits
Difference in energy intake from fat
Time frame: Measured after meal consumption at t=150 min
Difference in energy intake from protein
Time frame: Measured after meal consumption at t=150 min
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 19 Aug 2026.
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Jonas S Salling Quist, MSc, PhD principal investigator
Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing High protein liquid test meal and High carbohydrate liquid test meal in people with Obesity and Normal Weight, run by Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen at 1 site in Denmark.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 3 inclusion and 15 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 19 Aug 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Denmark. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Difference in energy intake from sweet tasting carbohydrates. (time frame: Measured after meal consumption at t=150 min). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 19 Aug 2026.