Internet AddictionNCT06681883
Implementation of the Care Bag Theory for Healthy Internet Use in Adolescents (CHIA)
A study testing A nursing care program based on the Care Bag Theory for Healthy Internet Use in Adolescents (CHIA) in people with Internet Addiction and Problematic Internet Use, run by Akdeniz University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
Trial summary
The study aimed to investigate the effect of a nursing care program based on the Care Bag Theory for Healthy Internet Use in Adolescents (CHIA) on adolescents' problematic internet use, self-regulation, family relationships, and coping skills. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 12 to 18 years
- Conditions the study is for
- Internet Addiction, Problematic Internet Use, Healthy Internet Use
- What is being tested?
- A nursing care program based on the Care Bag Theory for Healthy Internet Use in Adolescents (CHIA)
- Type of treatment
- Lifestyle or therapy programme
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 10 participants
- Where
- 1 siteTurkey (Türkiye)
- Study dates
- 1 Jul 2024to 1 Jan 2025
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 12 to 18 years
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Child, Adult
Who may be able to join
- Voluntarily agreeing to participate in the study,
- Being between the ages of 12-18,
- Receiving outpatient follow-up at the Child and Adolescent Mental Health Clinic,
- Having a Problematic Internet Use (PIU) issue (PIU is assessed according to the criteria by the doctors at the clinic. The doctors refer adolescents who meet the criteria. These criteria are as follows: a) using the internet for longer than planned, b) experiencing withdrawal symptoms when unable to access the internet, c) failing to control internet usage, d) being excessively preoccupied with the internet, e) losing interest in offline hobbies, f) a desire to use the internet more, g) continuing excessive internet use despite knowing it negatively affects their life, h) using the internet to escape problems, i) lying about internet use).
Who cannot join
- Having a speech, hearing, or self-expression impairment,
- Having received or currently receiving professional support related to PIU.
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
About this study
Official title: Effectiveness of a Nursing Care Program Based on the Care Bag Theory for Healthy Internet Use in Adolescents: An Action Research Study
The study aimed to investigate the effect of a nursing care program based on the Care Bag Theory for Healthy Internet Use in Adolescents (CHIA) on adolescents' problematic internet use, self-regulation, family relationships, and coping skills.
Read the detailed description
This study constitutes a part of the doctoral thesis titled "Development of a Nursing Intervention Model Specific to Problematic Internet Use in Adolescents"
- Being tested
- A nursing care program based on the Care Bag Theory for Healthy Internet Use in Adolescents (CHIA)
- Keywords
- adolescent, problematic internet use, nursing, model, healthy internet use
- Medical subject headings
- Internet Addiction Disorder
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
A nursing care program based on the Care Bag Theory for Healthy Internet Use in Adolescents (CHIA)Behavioural
A nursing care program based on the Care Bag Theory for Healthy Internet Use in Adolescents (CHIA)
The nursing care program based on the CHIA model is designed for adolescents with problematic internet use. The program is grounded in the concepts of the draft model. It consists of eight sessions, each expected to last 40-50 minutes. One session will be held per week. The first session includes introductions and an overview of the program, the second session aims to strengthen the adolescent's motivation for change, the third session focuses on improving the adolescent's self-control skills, the fourth session aims to enhance family functionality, the fifth session helps develop offline activities to replace internet use, the sixth and seventh sessions work on developing coping skills, and the eighth session includes the evaluation and termination of the program.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Action group | Experimental | Not described Receives: Behavioral: A nursing care program based on the Care Bag Theory for Healthy Internet Use in Adolescents (CHIA) |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Problematic Internet Use Scale-Adolescent (PIUS-A)
The scale consists of 27 items and is of a five-point Likert type. The lowest possible score on the scale is 27, and the highest score is 135. Higher scores on the scale indicate that adolescents' problematic internet use has increased and become unhealthy. The PIUS-A scale has three subscales: negative consequences of internet use, excessive use, and social benefit/social comfort.
Measured: Data will be collected two times: pre-intervention and immediately post-intervention.
Secondary outcomes (3)
The Adolescent Self Regulatory Inventory (ASRI)
The scale consists of 32 items and has two subscales: 'self-control success' and 'self-control failure.' The self-control success subscale contains 18 items, while the self-control failure subscale contains 14 items. The scale uses a four-point Likert-type rating. The scale is used to calculate the total score. The lowest possible score on the ASRI is 32, and the highest score is 128. A higher score on the scale indicates that the adolescent's self-control skills are good.
Measured: Data will be collected two times: pre-intervention and immediately post-intervention.
Kidcope
The scale consists of 11 items. The Kidcope has three subscales: Active Coping (Items 3, 6, 8, 10), Negative Coping (Items 4, 5, 7), and Avoidant Coping (Items 1, 2, 9, 11). Each subscale score is obtained by summing the relevant items in order. The possible scores range from 0 to 12 for both the Active Coping and Avoidant Coping subscales, and from 0 to 9 for the Negative Coping subscale. As the score increases, it indicates a higher use of the corresponding coping strategy.
Measured: Data will be collected two times: pre-intervention and immediately post-intervention.
The Family Relationship Scale for Children
The scale consists of 20 items and was developed to measure how children perceive their relationships with their families. Participants respond to each item with "never" (1), "sometimes" (2), or "always" (3). The scale has two subscales: Restrictive Family Relationships and Supportive Family Relationships. Items 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 10, 14, 16, 18, and 19 form the Restrictive Family Relationships subscale. A higher score in this subscale indicates that the child perceives the relationships within the family as restrictive. Items 1, 7, 8, 9, 11, 12, 13, 15, 17, and 20 form the Supportive Family Relationships subscale. A higher score in this subscale indicates that the child perceives the relationships within the family as supportive.
Measured: Data will be collected two times: pre-intervention and immediately post-intervention.
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted8 Nov 2024
- Study start1 Jul 2024
- Primary completion1 Aug 2024
- Study completion1 Jan 2025
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (10)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Internet AddictionStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by Akdeniz UniversityThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Not applicable
- Intervention model
- Single group
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 10 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Akdeniz University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Arif Özparlak, PhD, Akdeniz University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06681883
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- KAEK-152
- Status last verified
- Jan 2026
- First submitted
- 7 Nov 2024
- Last updated
- 23 Jan 2026
- Results posted
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Publications
Wang W, Ye J, Zhu Y, Huang D, Zhao X. Longitudinal relationship between internet self-control and problematic internet use among Chinese adolescents: mediating role of meaning in life. Front Psychiatry. 2023 Dec 7;14:1258673. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1258673. eCollection 2023.
PubMed 38144476Shek DT, Yu L, Leung H, Wu FK, Law MY. Development, implementation, and evaluation of a multi-addiction prevention program for primary school students in Hong Kong: the B.E.S.T. Teen Program. Asian J Gambl Issues Public Health. 2016;6(1):5. doi: 10.1186/s40405-016-0014-z. Epub 2016 Jul 8.
PubMed 27630812Peterson SJ. Introduction to the nature of nursing knowledge. In S. J. Peterson and T. S. Bredow (Eds.), Middle range theories: Application to nursing research (3rd ed., pp. 3-41). Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2013.
Rakhmawati W, Kosasih CE, Widiasih R, Suryani S, Arifin H. Internet Addiction Among Male Adolescents in Indonesia: A Qualitative Study. Am J Mens Health. 2021 May-Jun;15(3):15579883211029459. doi: 10.1177/15579883211029459.
PubMed 34189970Paulus FW, Ohmann S, von Gontard A, Popow C. Internet gaming disorder in children and adolescents: a systematic review. Dev Med Child Neurol. 2018 Jul;60(7):645-659. doi: 10.1111/dmcn.13754. Epub 2018 Apr 6.
PubMed 29633243Park E, Kwon M. Health-Related Internet Use by Children and Adolescents: Systematic Review. J Med Internet Res. 2018 Apr 3;20(4):e120. doi: 10.2196/jmir.7731.
PubMed 29615385Ozparlak A, Karakaya D, Onder A, Gunbayi I. Problematic internet use in adolescents: A phenomenological study. J Psychiatr Ment Health Nurs. 2023 Aug;30(4):731-742. doi: 10.1111/jpm.12900. Epub 2023 Jan 31.
PubMed 36662598Marchant A, Hawton K, Stewart A, Montgomery P, Singaravelu V, Lloyd K, Purdy N, Daine K, John A. A systematic review of the relationship between internet use, self-harm and suicidal behaviour in young people: The good, the bad and the unknown. PLoS One. 2017 Aug 16;12(8):e0181722. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0181722. eCollection 2017.
PubMed 28813437Lyons J. Reflective education for professional practice: discovering knowledge from experience. Nurse Educ Today. 1999 Jan;19(1):29-34. doi: 10.1054/nedt.1999.0607.
PubMed 10222968Lukavska K, Hrabec O, Lukavsky J, Demetrovics Z, Kiraly O. The associations of adolescent problematic internet use with parenting: A meta-analysis. Addict Behav. 2022 Dec;135:107423. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2022.107423. Epub 2022 Jul 6.
PubMed 35933287
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 23 Jan 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Effectiveness of a Nursing Care Program Based on the Care Bag Theory for Healthy Internet Use in Adolescents: An Action Research Study
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06681883
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- KAEK-152
- Keywords
- adolescent, problematic internet use, nursing, model, healthy internet use
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 10 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Akdeniz UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 1 Jul 2024 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 1 Aug 2024 (actual)
- Study completion
- 1 Jan 2025 (actual)
- First posted
- 8 Nov 2024 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
The study aimed to investigate the effect of a nursing care program based on the Care Bag Theory for Healthy Internet Use in Adolescents (CHIA) on adolescents' problematic internet use, self-regulation, family relationships, and coping skills.
Detailed description
This study constitutes a part of the doctoral thesis titled "Development of a Nursing Intervention Model Specific to Problematic Internet Use in Adolescents"
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Not applicable
- Intervention model
- Single group
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 1
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Action group | Experimental | Behavioral: A nursing care program based on the Care Bag Theory for Healthy Internet Use in Adolescents (CHIA) |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 12 to 18 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Child, Adult
Key inclusion criteria (4 listed)
- Voluntarily agreeing to participate in the study,
- Being between the ages of 12-18,
- Receiving outpatient follow-up at the Child and Adolescent Mental Health Clinic,
- Having a Problematic Internet Use (PIU) issue (PIU is assessed according to the criteria by the doctors at the clinic. The doctors refer adolescents who meet the criteria. These criteria are as follows: a) using the internet for longer than planned, b) experiencing withdrawal symptoms when unable to access the internet, c) failing to control internet usage, d) being excessively preoccupied with the internet, e) losing interest in offline hobbies, f) a desire to use the internet more, g) continuing excessive internet use despite knowing it negatively affects their life, h) using the internet to escape problems, i) lying about internet use).
Key exclusion criteria (2 listed)
- Having a speech, hearing, or self-expression impairment,
- Having received or currently receiving professional support related to PIU.
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| A nursing care program based on the Care Bag Theory for Healthy Internet Use in Adolescents (CHIA)A nursing care program based on the Care Bag Theory for Healthy Internet Use in Adolescents (CHIA) The nursing care program based on the CHIA model is designed for adolescents with problematic internet use. The program is grounded in the concepts of the draft model. It consists of eight sessions, each expected to last 40-50 minutes. One session will be held per week. The first session includes introductions and an overview of the program, the second session aims to strengthen the adolescent's motivation for change, the third session focuses on improving the adolescent's self-control skills, the fourth session aims to enhance family functionality, the fifth session helps develop offline activities to replace internet use, the sixth and seventh sessions work on developing coping skills, and the eighth session includes the evaluation and termination of the program. | Behavioural | Action group |
Primary outcome
Problematic Internet Use Scale-Adolescent (PIUS-A)
Time frame: Data will be collected two times: pre-intervention and immediately post-intervention.
The scale consists of 27 items and is of a five-point Likert type. The lowest possible score on the scale is 27, and the highest score is 135. Higher scores on the scale indicate that adolescents' problematic internet use has increased and become unhealthy. The PIUS-A scale has three subscales: negative consequences of internet use, excessive use, and social benefit/social comfort.
3 secondary outcomes
The Adolescent Self Regulatory Inventory (ASRI)
Time frame: Data will be collected two times: pre-intervention and immediately post-intervention.
Kidcope
Time frame: Data will be collected two times: pre-intervention and immediately post-intervention.
The Family Relationship Scale for Children
Time frame: Data will be collected two times: pre-intervention and immediately post-intervention.
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 23 Jan 2026.
- Background: PubMed 38144476Wang W, Ye J, Zhu Y, Huang D, Zhao X. Longitudinal relationship between internet self-control and problematic internet use among Chinese adolescents: mediating role of meaning in life. Front Psychiatry. 2023 Dec 7;14:1258673. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1258673. eCollection 2023.
- Results publication: PubMed 27630812Shek DT, Yu L, Leung H, Wu FK, Law MY. Development, implementation, and evaluation of a multi-addiction prevention program for primary school students in Hong Kong: the B.E.S.T. Teen Program. Asian J Gambl Issues Public Health. 2016;6(1):5. doi: 10.1186/s40405-016-0014-z. Epub 2016 Jul 8.
- Results publicationPeterson SJ. Introduction to the nature of nursing knowledge. In S. J. Peterson and T. S. Bredow (Eds.), Middle range theories: Application to nursing research (3rd ed., pp. 3-41). Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2013.
- Results publication: PubMed 34189970Rakhmawati W, Kosasih CE, Widiasih R, Suryani S, Arifin H. Internet Addiction Among Male Adolescents in Indonesia: A Qualitative Study. Am J Mens Health. 2021 May-Jun;15(3):15579883211029459. doi: 10.1177/15579883211029459.
- Results publication: PubMed 29633243Paulus FW, Ohmann S, von Gontard A, Popow C. Internet gaming disorder in children and adolescents: a systematic review. Dev Med Child Neurol. 2018 Jul;60(7):645-659. doi: 10.1111/dmcn.13754. Epub 2018 Apr 6.
- Results publication: PubMed 29615385Park E, Kwon M. Health-Related Internet Use by Children and Adolescents: Systematic Review. J Med Internet Res. 2018 Apr 3;20(4):e120. doi: 10.2196/jmir.7731.
- Results publication: PubMed 36662598Ozparlak A, Karakaya D, Onder A, Gunbayi I. Problematic internet use in adolescents: A phenomenological study. J Psychiatr Ment Health Nurs. 2023 Aug;30(4):731-742. doi: 10.1111/jpm.12900. Epub 2023 Jan 31.
- Results publication: PubMed 28813437Marchant A, Hawton K, Stewart A, Montgomery P, Singaravelu V, Lloyd K, Purdy N, Daine K, John A. A systematic review of the relationship between internet use, self-harm and suicidal behaviour in young people: The good, the bad and the unknown. PLoS One. 2017 Aug 16;12(8):e0181722. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0181722. eCollection 2017.
- Results publication: PubMed 10222968Lyons J. Reflective education for professional practice: discovering knowledge from experience. Nurse Educ Today. 1999 Jan;19(1):29-34. doi: 10.1054/nedt.1999.0607.
- Results publication: PubMed 35933287Lukavska K, Hrabec O, Lukavsky J, Demetrovics Z, Kiraly O. The associations of adolescent problematic internet use with parenting: A meta-analysis. Addict Behav. 2022 Dec;135:107423. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2022.107423. Epub 2022 Jul 6.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
The record lists no contact. Use the official record to reach the sponsor.
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing A nursing care program based on the Care Bag Theory for Healthy Internet Use in Adolescents (CHIA) in people with Internet Addiction and Problematic Internet Use, run by Akdeniz University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 4 inclusion and 2 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 23 Jan 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye). Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Problematic Internet Use Scale-Adolescent (PIUS-A) (time frame: Data will be collected two times: pre-intervention and immediately post-intervention.). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT06681883, which also lists 10 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 23 Jan 2026.