Autism Spectrum DisorderNCT06673810
Effects of Ankle Weighted Cuffs Training in Autism Children
A study testing Ankle Weighted Cuffs Training Along with Routine Physical Therapy Exercises and Routine Physical Therapy Exercises in people with Autism Spectrum Disorder, run by Riphah International University at 1 site in Pakistan.
Trial summary
Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are a diverse group of conditions. They are characterized by some degree of difficulty with social interaction, communication and behaviors. Kinesthetic awareness can be defined as how we sense our body and the way it moves. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 4 to 14 years
- Conditions the study is for
- Autism Spectrum Disorder
- What is being tested?
- Ankle Weighted Cuffs Training Along with Routine Physical Therapy Exercises and Routine Physical Therapy Exercises
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 44 participants
- Where
- 1 sitePakistan
- Study dates
- 28 Oct 2024to 15 Jan 2025
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 4 to 14 years
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Child
Who may be able to join
- A pre-diagnosed autism spectrum disorder from a psychiatrist or licensed psychologist.
- Both male and female children.
- Age between 4 to 14 years.
Who cannot join
- Children with a history of lower limb surgery.
- Children with a recent (<1 year) ankle sprain.
- Children presented severe behavioral disturbances, such as aggressive behaviors, self- injurious behaviors, severe motor hyperactivity
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
Pakistan1 site
Pakistan Society for the Rehabilitation of Disabled
Lahore, Punjab Province, 54700
About this study
Official title: Effects Of Ankle Weighted Cuffs Training on Kinesthetic Awareness and Toe Walking in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder.
Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are a diverse group of conditions. They are characterized by some degree of difficulty with social interaction, communication and behaviors. Kinesthetic awareness can be defined as how we sense our body and the way it moves. This person might have difficulty understanding where their body is in relation to other objects, thus appearing clumsy, knocking things over, dropping items or misjudging personal space and thus standing too close to others.
Read the detailed description
The current study will be randomized control trial and data will be collected from (PSRD) pakistan society rehablitation of the disabled. The study will include 44 patients equally divided into two groups and randomly allocated. Inclusion criteria for the study will be a parent-confirmed ASD diagnosis from a psychiatrist or licensed psychologist, both male and female children, age between 4 to 14 years. Children with a history of lower limb surgery, a recent (<1 year) ankle sprain and severe behavioral disturbances will be excluded from the study. Experimental group will have ankle weighted cuffs while performing routine physical therapy exercises. Control group will perform routine physical therapy exercises. Outcomes will be analyzed by Limb Position Sense Test and 50 ft walk test. Data collection will be done before and after the intervention. Data will be analyzed through SPSS version 25.00.
- Conditions
- Autism Spectrum Disorder
- Being tested
- Ankle Weighted Cuffs Training Along with Routine Physical Therapy Exercises, Routine Physical Therapy Exercises
- Keywords
- Kinesthetic awareness, Toe walking, Ankle weighted training, Autism Spectrum Disorder
- Medical subject headings
- Autism Spectrum Disorder
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Ankle Weighted Cuffs Training Along with Routine Physical Therapy ExercisesOther
Group A will have free ankle weighted cuffs while performing routine physical therapy. These weighted cuffs will be above of the child's ankle and child will be encouraged to perform his/her routine physical activities. Ankle weights will correspond to 2% to 3% of the individual's body weight (sandbags) will be attached at 5 cm above the left and right ankle joints
Routine Physical Therapy ExercisesOther
Group B will perform all the routine physical exercises which include jogging, walk/run interval training, treadmill training and cycling . Intervention period will be of 6 weeks comprising of 3 sessions per week of 30 to 45 minutes per session
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Group A | Experimental | Ankle Weighted Cuffs Training Along with Routine Physical Therapy Exercises Receives: Other: Ankle Weighted Cuffs Training Along with Routine Physical Therapy Exercises |
| Control Group | Other | Routine Physical Therapy Exercises Receives: Other: Routine Physical Therapy Exercises |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Limb Position Sense Test
For the limb-matching test, Participant instructed to keep his eyes closed while the therapist positioned one extremity, and he then was instructed to copy the position with his opposite extremity. Then participant will be asked to replicate 4 positions with his lower extremities while positioned supine on a mat. The limb-matching test positions are described.
Limb Matching Test Positions
- Hip abduction with full knee extension
- Hip adduction in neutral
- Hip flexion with knee flexion with foot on the mat
- Hip and knee flexion at 90° Dynamic Position Sense Movements for Limb Movement Sense Test
1.Hip circles counterclockwise 2.Hip circles clockwise 3.Active hip abduction and adduction with knee fully extended Intra-class correlations (ICC), which are most often used to express test-retest reliability, were moderate at best, ranging from 0·40 to 0·61 for the four types of position sense tests
Measured: 6 weeks
50 ft Walk Test
The aim of the 50-FWT is to determine the percentage of toe walking performed by each child over a 50ft distance. During the 50-FWT, the children are barefoot to ensure the physical therapist's view of their feet is not obstructed by shoes. To prevent the child from walking past the 50-ft distance, a parent or therapist stands at the end of the walk test to assist in stopping. This allows the physical therapist to read the pedometer value before the child began to move again. The child stands at the start line and the accelerometer is set to 0. Each child ambulates 50 ft. The physical therapist walks at least 6 ft behind the child to assess toe walking while not interfering with gait. The pedometer counts the total number of steps taken during the 50-FWT. The therapist counts the number of steps with initial contact on the toe. The number of toe-walking steps counted by the therapist is divided by the total number of steps counted by the pedometer to get a percentage of toe walking
Measured: 6 weeks
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted5 Nov 2024
- Study start28 Oct 2024
- Primary completion25 Dec 2024
- Study completion15 Jan 2025
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (5)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Autism Spectrum DisorderStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by Riphah International UniversityThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Other
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind
- Who is masked
- Outcomes assessor
- Enrolment
- 44 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Riphah International University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
- Investigators
- Hafiza Rashida Maqbool, MS*, Principal investigator, Riphah International University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06673810
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- REC/RCR/AHS/24/0705
- Status last verified
- Jan 2025
- First submitted
- 3 Nov 2024
- Last updated
- 23 Jan 2025
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Publications
Leyden J, Fung L, Frick S. Autism and toe-walking: are they related? Trends and treatment patterns between 2005 and 2016. J Child Orthop. 2019 Aug 1;13(4):340-345. doi: 10.1302/1863-2548.13.180160.
PubMed 31489038Armitano-Lago C, Bennett HJ, Haegele JA. Lower Limb Proprioception and Strength Differences Between Adolescents With Autism Spectrum Disorder and Neurotypical Controls. Percept Mot Skills. 2021 Oct;128(5):2132-2147. doi: 10.1177/00315125211036418. Epub 2021 Aug 2.
PubMed 34340633Guinchat V, Vlamynck E, Diaz L, Chambon C, Pouzenc J, Cravero C, Baeza-Velasco C, Hamonet C, Xavier J, Cohen D. Compressive Garments in Individuals with Autism and Severe Proprioceptive Dysfunction: A Retrospective Exploratory Case Series. Children (Basel). 2020 Jul 13;7(7):77. doi: 10.3390/children7070077.
PubMed 32668622Valagussa G, Purpura G, Balatti V, Trentin L, Signori A, Grossi E. Quantitative assessment of tip-toe behavior in individuals with autism spectrum disorder and intellectual disability: A cross-sectional study. Autism Res. 2024 Feb;17(2):311-323. doi: 10.1002/aur.3072. Epub 2023 Dec 18.
PubMed 38108559Washabaugh EP, Augenstein TE, Krishnan C. Functional resistance training during walking: Mode of application differentially affects gait biomechanics and muscle activation patterns. Gait Posture. 2020 Jan;75:129-136. doi: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2019.10.024. Epub 2019 Oct 21.
PubMed 31678694
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 23 Jan 2025. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Effects Of Ankle Weighted Cuffs Training on Kinesthetic Awareness and Toe Walking in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder.
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06673810
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- REC/RCR/AHS/24/0705
- Conditions
- Autism Spectrum Disorder
- Keywords
- Kinesthetic awareness, Toe walking, Ankle weighted training, Autism Spectrum Disorder
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 44 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Riphah International UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 28 Oct 2024 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 25 Dec 2024 (actual)
- Study completion
- 15 Jan 2025 (actual)
- First posted
- 5 Nov 2024 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are a diverse group of conditions. They are characterized by some degree of difficulty with social interaction, communication and behaviors. Kinesthetic awareness can be defined as how we sense our body and the way it moves. This person might have difficulty understanding where their body is in relation to other objects, thus appearing clumsy, knocking things over, dropping items or misjudging personal space and thus standing too close to others.
Detailed description
The current study will be randomized control trial and data will be collected from (PSRD) pakistan society rehablitation of the disabled. The study will include 44 patients equally divided into two groups and randomly allocated. Inclusion criteria for the study will be a parent-confirmed ASD diagnosis from a psychiatrist or licensed psychologist, both male and female children, age between 4 to 14 years. Children with a history of lower limb surgery, a recent (<1 year) ankle sprain and severe behavioral disturbances will be excluded from the study. Experimental group will have ankle weighted cuffs while performing routine physical therapy exercises. Control group will perform routine physical therapy exercises. Outcomes will be analyzed by Limb Position Sense Test and 50 ft walk test. Data collection will be done before and after the intervention. Data will be analyzed through SPSS version 25.00.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Other
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind (outcomes assessor)
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Group A | Experimental | Other: Ankle Weighted Cuffs Training Along with Routine Physical Therapy ExercisesAnkle Weighted Cuffs Training Along with Routine Physical Therapy Exercises |
| Control Group | Other | Other: Routine Physical Therapy ExercisesRoutine Physical Therapy Exercises |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 4 to 14 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Child
Key inclusion criteria (3 listed)
- A pre-diagnosed autism spectrum disorder from a psychiatrist or licensed psychologist.
- Both male and female children.
- Age between 4 to 14 years.
Key exclusion criteria (3 listed)
- Children with a history of lower limb surgery.
- Children with a recent (<1 year) ankle sprain.
- Children presented severe behavioral disturbances, such as aggressive behaviors, self- injurious behaviors, severe motor hyperactivity
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Ankle Weighted Cuffs Training Along with Routine Physical Therapy ExercisesGroup A will have free ankle weighted cuffs while performing routine physical therapy. These weighted cuffs will be above of the child's ankle and child will be encouraged to perform his/her routine physical activities. Ankle weights will correspond to 2% to 3% of the individual's body weight (sandbags) will be attached at 5 cm above the left and right ankle joints | Other | Group A |
| Routine Physical Therapy ExercisesGroup B will perform all the routine physical exercises which include jogging, walk/run interval training, treadmill training and cycling . Intervention period will be of 6 weeks comprising of 3 sessions per week of 30 to 45 minutes per session | Other | Control Group |
Primary outcome
Limb Position Sense Test
Time frame: 6 weeks
For the limb-matching test, Participant instructed to keep his eyes closed while the therapist positioned one extremity, and he then was instructed to copy the position with his opposite extremity. Then participant will be asked to replicate 4 positions with his lower extremities while positioned supine on a mat. The limb-matching test positions are described. Limb Matching Test Positions 1. Hip abduction with full knee extension 2. Hip adduction in neutral 3. Hip flexion with knee flexion with foot on the mat 4. Hip and knee flexion at 90° Dynamic Position Sense Movements for Limb Movement Sense Test 1.Hip circles counterclockwise 2.Hip circles clockwise 3.Active hip abduction and adduction with knee fully extended Intra-class correlations (ICC), which are most often used to express test-retest reliability, were moderate at best, ranging from 0·40 to 0·61 for the four types of position sense tests
50 ft Walk Test
Time frame: 6 weeks
The aim of the 50-FWT is to determine the percentage of toe walking performed by each child over a 50ft distance. During the 50-FWT, the children are barefoot to ensure the physical therapist's view of their feet is not obstructed by shoes. To prevent the child from walking past the 50-ft distance, a parent or therapist stands at the end of the walk test to assist in stopping. This allows the physical therapist to read the pedometer value before the child began to move again. The child stands at the start line and the accelerometer is set to 0. Each child ambulates 50 ft. The physical therapist walks at least 6 ft behind the child to assess toe walking while not interfering with gait. The pedometer counts the total number of steps taken during the 50-FWT. The therapist counts the number of steps with initial contact on the toe. The number of toe-walking steps counted by the therapist is divided by the total number of steps counted by the pedometer to get a percentage of toe walking
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 23 Jan 2025.
- Background: PubMed 31489038Leyden J, Fung L, Frick S. Autism and toe-walking: are they related? Trends and treatment patterns between 2005 and 2016. J Child Orthop. 2019 Aug 1;13(4):340-345. doi: 10.1302/1863-2548.13.180160.
- Background: PubMed 34340633Armitano-Lago C, Bennett HJ, Haegele JA. Lower Limb Proprioception and Strength Differences Between Adolescents With Autism Spectrum Disorder and Neurotypical Controls. Percept Mot Skills. 2021 Oct;128(5):2132-2147. doi: 10.1177/00315125211036418. Epub 2021 Aug 2.
- Background: PubMed 32668622Guinchat V, Vlamynck E, Diaz L, Chambon C, Pouzenc J, Cravero C, Baeza-Velasco C, Hamonet C, Xavier J, Cohen D. Compressive Garments in Individuals with Autism and Severe Proprioceptive Dysfunction: A Retrospective Exploratory Case Series. Children (Basel). 2020 Jul 13;7(7):77. doi: 10.3390/children7070077.
- Background: PubMed 38108559Valagussa G, Purpura G, Balatti V, Trentin L, Signori A, Grossi E. Quantitative assessment of tip-toe behavior in individuals with autism spectrum disorder and intellectual disability: A cross-sectional study. Autism Res. 2024 Feb;17(2):311-323. doi: 10.1002/aur.3072. Epub 2023 Dec 18.
- Background: PubMed 31678694Washabaugh EP, Augenstein TE, Krishnan C. Functional resistance training during walking: Mode of application differentially affects gait biomechanics and muscle activation patterns. Gait Posture. 2020 Jan;75:129-136. doi: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2019.10.024. Epub 2019 Oct 21.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
Related trials for Autism Spectrum Disorder
RecruitingPhase 1
Cannabidiol (CBD) in Adults With ASD
Autism Spectrum Disorder
RecruitingPhase 3
A Study to Evaluate the Long-term Safety and Tolerability of Xanomeline and Trospium Chloride for the Treatment of Psychiatric Disorders in Children and Adolescents
Schizophrenia, Autism-Related Irritability
Not yet recruiting
Sensory-integration Therapy Verses Augumented Reality-based Training in ASD
Autism Spectrum Disorder
Recruiting
Cumulative and Booster Effects of Multisession Prefrontal tDCS in ASD Adolescents
Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation, Autistic Spectrum Disorder
Not yet recruiting
"Family Resilience And Mind-body Enhancement" (FRAME): A Randomised Controlled Trial
Autism
Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Hafiza Rashida Maqbool, MS* principal investigator
Riphah International University
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Ankle Weighted Cuffs Training Along with Routine Physical Therapy Exercises and Routine Physical Therapy Exercises in people with Autism Spectrum Disorder, run by Riphah International University at 1 site in Pakistan.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 3 inclusion and 3 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 23 Jan 2025. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Pakistan. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Limb Position Sense Test (time frame: 6 weeks). The study lists 2 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT06673810, which also lists 5 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 23 Jan 2025.