Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary DiseaseNCT06658548
Isometric Hand Grip Exercise and Lung Function in COPD
A study testing Isometric handgrip exercise training with resistance exercise and Resistance Exercise in people with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, run by Riphah International University at 1 site in Pakistan.
Trial summary
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a preventable and treatable lung disease. People with COPD must work harder to breathe, which can lead to shortness of breath and/or feeling tired. Early in the disease, people with COPD may feel short of breath when they exercise. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 40 to 70 years
- Conditions the study is for
- Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
- What is being tested?
- Isometric handgrip exercise training with resistance exercise and Resistance Exercise
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 48 participants
- Where
- 1 sitePakistan
- Study dates
- 1 Sep 2024to 28 Feb 2025
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 40 to 70 years
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Age range from 40 to 70 years
- Clinical or functional diagnosis of COPD criteria GOLD II and III
- Clinically stable (outside the period of exacerbation of the disease for at least 3 months),
- Independently able to perform instrumental activities of daily living, as assessed by the functional activities questionnaire
- No medical contraindications for physical exercise
Who cannot join
- Pulmonary diseases such as asthma, pulmonary fibrosis, pneumonia and other non-pulmonary
- Sever or difficult to control ( heart disease or sequelae of acute or chronic orthopedic and/or neurological diseases),
- Those who use walking assist devices that could influence the exercise
- Enrolled in a physical training program within the last 3 months at baseline
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
About this study
Official title: Effects of Isometric Hand Grip Exercise Training on Lung Function in COPD Patients
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a preventable and treatable lung disease. People with COPD must work harder to breathe, which can lead to shortness of breath and/or feeling tired. Early in the disease, people with COPD may feel short of breath when they exercise. As the disease progresses, it can be hard to breathe out (exhale) or even breathe in (inhale). A person with COPD may have obstructive bronchiolitis emphysema, or a combination of both conditions. There is variety of treatment like breathing exercises, inspiratory muscle training exercises, resistance training and aerobic exercise to improve lung function as well as to decrease the chances of cardiopulmonary complications. the purpose of this study it to observe the effects of hand gripping isometric exercises on pulmonary functions in COPD patients.
Study design will be randomized clinical trial in which experiment group will receive isometric training with resistance training and other group will only receive resistance training . Total forty eight participates will recruited with convince sampling, after that we will use simple random sampling to divide the patient into both equal groups. Digital spirometry will be used to document the pulmonary function also to observe the difference in post treatment.Data analysis will be done using SPSS version 25.
Read the detailed description
The most common respiratory symptoms associated with COPD include dyspnea, cough and/or sputum production. In addition to the daily symptom burden, COPD may be punctuated by periods of acute worsening of respiratory symptoms (often referred to as 'exacerbations'), which account for the greatest proportion of total COPD burden on healthcare systems. COPD can be progressive, as indicated by reductions in spirometry measures such as forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) over time, though patients may progress at different rates.
Physical exercise is a major component of the total therapeutic regimen in pulmonary rehabilitation and has been positively correlated with better lung function in all age groups. Physical activity may attenuate age-related decline in pulmonary function and should be an integral part of pulmonary rehabilitation to improve lung function. Respiratory diseases constitute a major socioeconomic and a massive health burden all over the world. It represents an enormous drain on human and financial resources, and also contributes largely to morbidity and mortality at both global and national scales.
Age related decline in pulmonary function even in the absence of extrinsic pollutants, which can be caused by several factors related to the lung tissue itself. This age related decline further causes a reduction in exercise capacity and contributes immensely to loss of muscle power and mobility with progressive airflow limitation. The reduction in muscle power and increased airflow limitation contribute to the loss of muscle mass, decreased functional capacity and eventually loss of independence .Handgrip exercises are easy to perform, take less space and are more accessible in various locations such as hospitals, schools, in transit and in the home; therefore, it can lead to increased adherence to treatment.
A good number of scientific studies clearly demonstrate that isometric exercise is efficacious in the attenuation of resting blood pressure in both normotensive and hypertensive subjects. Isometric exercise produced greater reductions in systolic and diastolic blood pressure compared to dynamic exercise training. Moreover, physical exercise has been shown to be a non-pharmacological prophylactic regimen as it is capable of protecting against decline in pulmonary functions due to aging and enhances the physiological responses of the lungs.
- Conditions
- Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
- Being tested
- Isometric handgrip exercise training with resistance exercise, Resistance Exercise
- Keywords
- Pulmonary functions, Hand grip strength, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
- Medical subject headings
- Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Isometric handgrip exercise training with resistance exerciseOther
The subjects will perform 24 consecutive days, an isometric handgrip exercise at 30% Maximum Voluntary Contraction (M.V.C)continue the exercise protocol for another 48 consecutive days.
Resistance ExerciseOther
The subjects will undergo outpatient training intervention during a period of 8 weeks will be using a hypertrophic maximum strength training method, which will divided into three phases: (1) muscle habituation training (2 weeks), (2) hypertrophic training I (5 weeks), and (3) hypertrophic training II, with intensified eccentric work (5 weeks).
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Group A | Experimental | Not described Receives: Other: Isometric handgrip exercise training with resistance exercise; Other: Resistance Exercise |
| Group B | Active comparator | Not described Receives: Other: Resistance Exercise |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
6 Minute Walk Test
6MWT is a sub-maximal exercise test used to examine person aerobic capacity and endurance. This test initially developed to make an assessment of patient with cardiopulmonary issues. It is used to check the functional capacity of the individual and it provides useful information regarding all the body systems during physical activity, including cardiovascular and pulmonary system. It can used for all age group range 2 to above 64 years The test is easy to perfume , with standardized limited instructions and encouragement being given as person walk as far as possible over 6 minutes through a flat corridor. The final distance is recorded in meters.
Measured: Baseline; 5th Week; 10th Week
Forced Vital Capacity (FVC)
The FVC is the forced vital capacity. It requires that the subject make a maximal inspiration to TLC, then make a maximal forced expiratory effort, leaving only the RV. In a normal subject, the FEV1/FVC is greater than 0.8; patients with obstructive lung disease, such as asthma or COPD, show a decreased FEV1/FVC
Measured: Baseline; 5th Week; 10th Week
Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 second (FEV1)
Forced expiratory volume (FEV1) calculates the amount of air that a person can force out of their lungs in 1 second. FEV1 values that are lower than average suggest the presence of COPD.
Measured: Baseline; 5th Week; 10th Week
FEV1/FVC Ratio
The FEV1/FVC ratio is a measurement of lung function that compares the forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) to the forced vital capacity (FVC). It is used to help diagnose and monitor lung conditions.
Measured: Baseline; 5th Week; 10th Week
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted26 Oct 2024
- Study start1 Sep 2024
- Primary completion30 Dec 2024
- Study completion28 Feb 2025
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (6)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary DiseaseStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Double blind
- Who is masked
- Participant, Outcomes assessor
- Enrolment
- 48 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Riphah International University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
- Investigators
- Danish Hassan, PhD*, Principal investigator, Riphah International University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06658548
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- Hajra Qazi
- Status last verified
- Jun 2025
- First submitted
- 16 Sep 2024
- Last updated
- 13 Jun 2025
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Publications
Fonseca J, Machado FVC, Santin LC, Andrello AC, Schneider LP, Fernandes Belo L, Rodrigues A, Fernandes Rugila D, Furlanetto KC, Hernandes NA, Pitta F. Handgrip Strength as a Reflection of General Muscle Strength in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. COPD. 2021 Jun;18(3):299-306. doi: 10.1080/15412555.2021.1919608. Epub 2021 May 7.
PubMed 33961519Felipe C, Bartolome C, Miguel D, Victor PP. Longitudinal changes in handgrip strength, hyperinflation, and 6-minute walk distance in patients with COPD and a control group. Chest. 2015 Oct;148(4):986-994. doi: 10.1378/chest.14-2878.
PubMed 25996450Lau CW, Leung SY, Wah SH, Yip CW, Wong WY, Chan KS. Effect on muscle strength after blood flow restriction resistance exercise in early in-patient rehabilitation of post-chronic obstructive pulmonary disease acute exacerbation, a single blinded, randomized controlled study. Chron Respir Dis. 2023 Jan-Dec;20:14799731231211845. doi: 10.1177/14799731231211845.
PubMed 37976375Kovarik M, Joskova V, Patkova A, Koblizek V, Zadak Z, Hronek M. Hand grip endurance test relates to clinical state and prognosis in COPD patients better than 6-minute walk test distance. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis. 2017 Dec 1;12:3429-3435. doi: 10.2147/COPD.S144566. eCollection 2017.
PubMed 29238187Qiu P, Chen M, Lv S, Xie J, Wu J. The association between walking pace and hand grip strength with the risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study. BMC Pulm Med. 2023 Nov 20;23(1):450. doi: 10.1186/s12890-023-02759-z.
PubMed 37986176Leong DP, Teo KK, Rangarajan S, Lopez-Jaramillo P, Avezum A Jr, Orlandini A, Seron P, Ahmed SH, Rosengren A, Kelishadi R, Rahman O, Swaminathan S, Iqbal R, Gupta R, Lear SA, Oguz A, Yusoff K, Zatonska K, Chifamba J, Igumbor E, Mohan V, Anjana RM, Gu H, Li W, Yusuf S; Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology (PURE) Study investigators. Prognostic value of grip strength: findings from the Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology (PURE) study. Lancet. 2015 Jul 18;386(9990):266-73. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(14)62000-6. Epub 2015 May 13.
PubMed 25982160
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 13 Jun 2025. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Effects of Isometric Hand Grip Exercise Training on Lung Function in COPD Patients
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06658548
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- Hajra Qazi
- Conditions
- Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
- Keywords
- Pulmonary functions, Hand grip strength, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 48 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Riphah International UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 1 Sep 2024 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 30 Dec 2024 (actual)
- Study completion
- 28 Feb 2025 (actual)
- First posted
- 26 Oct 2024 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a preventable and treatable lung disease. People with COPD must work harder to breathe, which can lead to shortness of breath and/or feeling tired. Early in the disease, people with COPD may feel short of breath when they exercise. As the disease progresses, it can be hard to breathe out (exhale) or even breathe in (inhale). A person with COPD may have obstructive bronchiolitis emphysema, or a combination of both conditions. There is variety of treatment like breathing exercises, inspiratory muscle training exercises, resistance training and aerobic exercise to improve lung function as well as to decrease the chances of cardiopulmonary complications. the purpose of this study it to observe the effects of hand gripping isometric exercises on pulmonary functions in COPD patients.
Study design will be randomized clinical trial in which experiment group will receive isometric training with resistance training and other group will only receive resistance training . Total forty eight participates will recruited with convince sampling, after that we will use simple random sampling to divide the patient into both equal groups. Digital spirometry will be used to document the pulmonary function also to observe the difference in post treatment.Data analysis will be done using SPSS version 25.
Detailed description
The most common respiratory symptoms associated with COPD include dyspnea, cough and/or sputum production. In addition to the daily symptom burden, COPD may be punctuated by periods of acute worsening of respiratory symptoms (often referred to as 'exacerbations'), which account for the greatest proportion of total COPD burden on healthcare systems. COPD can be progressive, as indicated by reductions in spirometry measures such as forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) over time, though patients may progress at different rates.
Physical exercise is a major component of the total therapeutic regimen in pulmonary rehabilitation and has been positively correlated with better lung function in all age groups. Physical activity may attenuate age-related decline in pulmonary function and should be an integral part of pulmonary rehabilitation to improve lung function. Respiratory diseases constitute a major socioeconomic and a massive health burden all over the world. It represents an enormous drain on human and financial resources, and also contributes largely to morbidity and mortality at both global and national scales.
Age related decline in pulmonary function even in the absence of extrinsic pollutants, which can be caused by several factors related to the lung tissue itself. This age related decline further causes a reduction in exercise capacity and contributes immensely to loss of muscle power and mobility with progressive airflow limitation. The reduction in muscle power and increased airflow limitation contribute to the loss of muscle mass, decreased functional capacity and eventually loss of independence .Handgrip exercises are easy to perform, take less space and are more accessible in various locations such as hospitals, schools, in transit and in the home; therefore, it can lead to increased adherence to treatment.
A good number of scientific studies clearly demonstrate that isometric exercise is efficacious in the attenuation of resting blood pressure in both normotensive and hypertensive subjects. Isometric exercise produced greater reductions in systolic and diastolic blood pressure compared to dynamic exercise training. Moreover, physical exercise has been shown to be a non-pharmacological prophylactic regimen as it is capable of protecting against decline in pulmonary functions due to aging and enhances the physiological responses of the lungs.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Double blind (participant, outcomes assessor)
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Group A | Experimental | Other: Isometric handgrip exercise training with resistance exercise, Other: Resistance Exercise |
| Group B | Active comparator | Other: Resistance Exercise |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 40 to 70 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (5 listed)
- Age range from 40 to 70 years
- Clinical or functional diagnosis of COPD criteria GOLD II and III
- Clinically stable (outside the period of exacerbation of the disease for at least 3 months),
- Independently able to perform instrumental activities of daily living, as assessed by the functional activities questionnaire
- No medical contraindications for physical exercise
Key exclusion criteria (4 listed)
- Pulmonary diseases such as asthma, pulmonary fibrosis, pneumonia and other non-pulmonary
- Sever or difficult to control ( heart disease or sequelae of acute or chronic orthopedic and/or neurological diseases),
- Those who use walking assist devices that could influence the exercise
- Enrolled in a physical training program within the last 3 months at baseline
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Isometric handgrip exercise training with resistance exerciseThe subjects will perform 24 consecutive days, an isometric handgrip exercise at 30% Maximum Voluntary Contraction (M.V.C)continue the exercise protocol for another 48 consecutive days. | Other | Group A |
| Resistance ExerciseThe subjects will undergo outpatient training intervention during a period of 8 weeks will be using a hypertrophic maximum strength training method, which will divided into three phases: (1) muscle habituation training (2 weeks), (2) hypertrophic training I (5 weeks), and (3) hypertrophic training II, with intensified eccentric work (5 weeks). | Other | Group A, Group B |
Primary outcome
6 Minute Walk Test
Time frame: Baseline; 5th Week; 10th Week
6MWT is a sub-maximal exercise test used to examine person aerobic capacity and endurance. This test initially developed to make an assessment of patient with cardiopulmonary issues. It is used to check the functional capacity of the individual and it provides useful information regarding all the body systems during physical activity, including cardiovascular and pulmonary system. It can used for all age group range 2 to above 64 years The test is easy to perfume , with standardized limited instructions and encouragement being given as person walk as far as possible over 6 minutes through a flat corridor. The final distance is recorded in meters.
Forced Vital Capacity (FVC)
Time frame: Baseline; 5th Week; 10th Week
The FVC is the forced vital capacity. It requires that the subject make a maximal inspiration to TLC, then make a maximal forced expiratory effort, leaving only the RV. In a normal subject, the FEV1/FVC is greater than 0.8; patients with obstructive lung disease, such as asthma or COPD, show a decreased FEV1/FVC
Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 second (FEV1)
Time frame: Baseline; 5th Week; 10th Week
Forced expiratory volume (FEV1) calculates the amount of air that a person can force out of their lungs in 1 second. FEV1 values that are lower than average suggest the presence of COPD.
FEV1/FVC Ratio
Time frame: Baseline; 5th Week; 10th Week
The FEV1/FVC ratio is a measurement of lung function that compares the forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) to the forced vital capacity (FVC). It is used to help diagnose and monitor lung conditions.
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 13 Jun 2025.
- Background: PubMed 33961519Fonseca J, Machado FVC, Santin LC, Andrello AC, Schneider LP, Fernandes Belo L, Rodrigues A, Fernandes Rugila D, Furlanetto KC, Hernandes NA, Pitta F. Handgrip Strength as a Reflection of General Muscle Strength in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. COPD. 2021 Jun;18(3):299-306. doi: 10.1080/15412555.2021.1919608. Epub 2021 May 7.
- Background: PubMed 25996450Felipe C, Bartolome C, Miguel D, Victor PP. Longitudinal changes in handgrip strength, hyperinflation, and 6-minute walk distance in patients with COPD and a control group. Chest. 2015 Oct;148(4):986-994. doi: 10.1378/chest.14-2878.
- Background: PubMed 37976375Lau CW, Leung SY, Wah SH, Yip CW, Wong WY, Chan KS. Effect on muscle strength after blood flow restriction resistance exercise in early in-patient rehabilitation of post-chronic obstructive pulmonary disease acute exacerbation, a single blinded, randomized controlled study. Chron Respir Dis. 2023 Jan-Dec;20:14799731231211845. doi: 10.1177/14799731231211845.
- Background: PubMed 29238187Kovarik M, Joskova V, Patkova A, Koblizek V, Zadak Z, Hronek M. Hand grip endurance test relates to clinical state and prognosis in COPD patients better than 6-minute walk test distance. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis. 2017 Dec 1;12:3429-3435. doi: 10.2147/COPD.S144566. eCollection 2017.
- Background: PubMed 37986176Qiu P, Chen M, Lv S, Xie J, Wu J. The association between walking pace and hand grip strength with the risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study. BMC Pulm Med. 2023 Nov 20;23(1):450. doi: 10.1186/s12890-023-02759-z.
- Background: PubMed 25982160Leong DP, Teo KK, Rangarajan S, Lopez-Jaramillo P, Avezum A Jr, Orlandini A, Seron P, Ahmed SH, Rosengren A, Kelishadi R, Rahman O, Swaminathan S, Iqbal R, Gupta R, Lear SA, Oguz A, Yusoff K, Zatonska K, Chifamba J, Igumbor E, Mohan V, Anjana RM, Gu H, Li W, Yusuf S; Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology (PURE) Study investigators. Prognostic value of grip strength: findings from the Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology (PURE) study. Lancet. 2015 Jul 18;386(9990):266-73. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(14)62000-6. Epub 2015 May 13.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Danish Hassan, PhD* principal investigator
Riphah International University
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Isometric handgrip exercise training with resistance exercise and Resistance Exercise in people with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, run by Riphah International University at 1 site in Pakistan.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 5 inclusion and 4 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 13 Jun 2025. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Pakistan. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
6 Minute Walk Test (time frame: Baseline; 5th Week; 10th Week). The study lists 4 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT06658548, which also lists 6 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 13 Jun 2025.