BreastfeedingSujokNCT06628960
Effect of Su Jok Therapy on Breastfeeding
A study testing Su Jok Therapy in people with Breastfeeding, run by Aysegul Kilicli at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
Trial summary
There are many alternative methods to increase breast milk. In the literature, studies on Su Jok therapy applications are limited and no studies on increasing breast milk have been found. In Korean language, 'Su' means hand and 'Jok' means foot. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 19 to 35 years, women onlyHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Breastfeeding
- What is being tested?
- Su Jok Therapy
- Type of treatment
- Lifestyle or therapy programme
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 60 participants
- Where
- 1 siteTurkey (Türkiye)
- Study dates
- 9 Oct 2024to 20 Jan 2025
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 19 to 35 years
- Women only
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult
Who may be able to join
- primiparous women giving birth by caesarean section,
- women aged 19-35,
- breastfeeding women
Who cannot join
- those who refused to participate in the research
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
Turkey (Türkiye)1 site
Şanlıurfa training and research hospital
Sanliurfa, Eyalet/Yerleşke, 63000
About this study
Official title: The Effect of Su Jok Therapy on Breastfeeding Success, Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy and Perception of Insufficient Milk After Caesarean Section in Primiparous
There are many alternative methods to increase breast milk. In the literature, studies on Su Jok therapy applications are limited and no studies on increasing breast milk have been found. In Korean language, 'Su' means hand and 'Jok' means foot. Su Jok therapy is defined as a modern acupressure/acupuncture interpretation that utilises the body's independent communication systems on the hands and feet by applying various techniques such as massage, moxa (heating), needles, magnets and seeds to the reflection points on the hands and feet. Su Jok is an integrated therapy that incorporates many tried and trusted methods of oriental medicine
Read the detailed description
There are many alternative methods to increase breast milk. In the literature, studies on Su Jok therapy applications are limited and no studies on increasing breast milk have been found. In Korean language, 'Su' means hand and 'Jok' means foot. Su Jok therapy is defined as a modern acupressure/acupuncture interpretation that utilises the body's independent communication systems on the hands and feet by applying various techniques such as massage, moxa (heating), needles, magnets and seeds to the reflection points on the hands and feet. Su Jok is an integrated therapy that incorporates many tried and trusted methods of oriental medicine.
- Conditions
- Breastfeeding
- Being tested
- Su Jok Therapy
- Keywords
- Su Jok therapy, cesarean section, breastfeeding
- Medical subject headings
- Breast Feeding
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Su Jok TherapyBehavioural
Su Jok Therapy
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| su jok therapy; | Experimental | su jok therapy; application of seeds placed at certain points on the palm of the hand every day for the first ten days after birth, every day to be kept in the hand for 4 hours. Receives: Behavioral: Su Jok Therapy |
| control group | No intervention | control group, Su Jok will not be applied |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale
It was developed by Dennis (2003). Its Turkish validity and reliability was conducted by Aluş Tokat et al. (2010). The scale consists of 14 items and is in five-point Likert type. A minimum of 14 points and a maximum of 70 points can be obtained from the scale. All items are positive. A minimum of 14 points and a maximum of 70 points can be obtained from the scale. All items are positive. The higher the score obtained from the scale, the higher the breastfeeding self-efficacy.
Measured: Pre-test; before the first Su Jok intervention
Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale
It was developed by Dennis (2003). Its Turkish validity and reliability was conducted by Aluş Tokat et al. (2010). The scale consists of 14 items and is in five-point Likert type. A minimum of 14 points and a maximum of 70 points can be obtained from the scale. All items are positive. A minimum of 14 points and a maximum of 70 points can be obtained from the scale. All items are positive. The higher the score obtained from the scale, the higher the breastfeeding self-efficacy.
Measured: On the 3rd day after cesarean section (72 hours postpartum), before the 3rd Su Jok intervention.
Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale
It was developed by Dennis (2003). Its Turkish validity and reliability was conducted by Aluş Tokat et al. (2010). The scale consists of 14 items and is in five-point Likert type. A minimum of 14 points and a maximum of 70 points can be obtained from the scale. All items are positive. A minimum of 14 points and a maximum of 70 points can be obtained from the scale. All items are positive. The higher the score obtained from the scale, the higher the breastfeeding self-efficacy.
Measured: On the 10th day after cesarean section; after the last (10th) Su Jok intervention.
Breastfeeding Charting System: LATCH
It was developed by Jensen et al. (1994). Its Turkish validity and reliability was performed by Yenal and Okumuş (2003). LATCH includes five evaluation criteria and consists of the first letters of the English equivalents of these criteria. In the LATCH Scoring System, 0, 1 or 2 points are given for each criterion A minimum score of 0 and a maximum score of 10 can be obtained from the scale. All items are positive. The higher the score obtained from the scale, the higher the breastfeeding self-efficacy.
Measured: Pre-test; before the first Su Jok intervention
Breastfeeding Charting System: LATCH
It was developed by Jensen et al. (1994). Its Turkish validity and reliability was performed by Yenal and Okumuş (2003). LATCH includes five evaluation criteria and consists of the first letters of the English equivalents of these criteria. In the LATCH Scoring System, 0, 1 or 2 points are given for each criterion. A minimum score of 0 and a maximum score of 10 can be obtained from the scale. All items are positive. The higher the score obtained from the scale, the higher the breastfeeding self-efficacy.
Measured: On the 3rd day after cesarean section (72 hours postpartum), before the 3rd Su Jok intervention.
Breastfeeding Charting System: LATCH
It was developed by Jensen et al. (1994). Its Turkish validity and reliability was performed by Yenal and Okumuş (2003). LATCH includes five evaluation criteria and consists of the first letters of the English equivalents of these criteria. In the LATCH Scoring System, 0, 1 or 2 points are given for each criterion. A minimum score of 0 and a maximum score of 10 can be obtained from the scale. All items are positive. The higher the score obtained from the scale, the higher the breastfeeding self-efficacy.
Measured: On the 10th day after cesarean section; after the last (10th) Su Jok intervention.
Inadequate Milk Perception Scale
The scale developed by McCarter-Spaulding and Kearney in 2001 consists of 6 questions to determine inadequate perception of breast milk. The first question questioning whether the mother perceives her milk as sufficient or not is in the form of 'yes' or 'no'. The other 5 questions aim to measure the perception of inadequacy of milk and are scored between 0-10. '0' indicates that milk is perceived as completely inadequate and "10" indicates that milk is perceived as completely adequate. The scale is scored between 0-50. A high score indicates an increased perception of milk sufficiency.
Measured: Pre-test; before the first Su Jok intervention
Inadequate Milk Perception Scale
The scale developed by McCarter-Spaulding and Kearney in 2001 consists of 6 questions to determine inadequate perception of breast milk. The first question questioning whether the mother perceives her milk as sufficient or not is in the form of 'yes' or 'no'. The other 5 questions aim to measure the perception of inadequacy of milk and are scored between 0-10. '0' indicates that milk is perceived as completely inadequate and "10" indicates that milk is perceived as completely adequate. The scale is scored between 0-50. A high score indicates an increased perception of milk sufficiency.
Measured: On the 3rd day after cesarean section (72 hours postpartum), before the 3rd Su Jok intervention.
Inadequate Milk Perception Scale; before the 3rd Su Jok intervention
The scale developed by McCarter-Spaulding and Kearney in 2001 consists of 6 questions to determine inadequate perception of breast milk. The first question questioning whether the mother perceives her milk as sufficient or not is in the form of 'yes' or 'no'. The other 5 questions aim to measure the perception of inadequacy of milk and are scored between 0-10. '0' indicates that milk is perceived as completely inadequate and "10" indicates that milk is perceived as completely adequate. The scale is scored between 0-50. A high score indicates an increased perception of milk sufficiency.
Measured: On the 10th day after cesarean section; after the last (10th) Su Jok intervention.
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted8 Oct 2024
- Study start9 Oct 2024
- Primary completion20 Jan 2025
- Study completion20 Jan 2025
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (1)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for BreastfeedingStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Other
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Model description
- randomized controlled trial
- Masking
- Single blind
- Who is masked
- Outcomes assessor
- Enrolment
- 60 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Aysegul Kilicli
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Sponsor-investigator, Aysegul Kilicli, University of Gaziantep
- Investigators
- AYŞEGÜL KILIÇLI, Assisstan. Prof. PhD., Principal investigator, Muş Alparslan University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06628960
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- MAUN
- Acronym
- Sujok
- Status last verified
- Oct 2026
- First submitted
- 3 Oct 2024
- Last updated
- 3 Nov 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- Yes
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- Yes: All
Publications
Kilicli A, Sahin A, Yazgu HA, Cakir A. Effect of Su Jok Therapy on perception of insufficient milk, breastfeeding success, and breastfeeding self-efficacy in primiparous women who gave birth by cesarean section: Randomized controlled trial. Explore (NY). 2026 Sep 10;22(6):103531. doi: 10.1016/j.explore.2026.103531. Online ahead of print.
PubMed 42743909
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 3 Nov 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- The Effect of Su Jok Therapy on Breastfeeding Success, Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy and Perception of Insufficient Milk After Caesarean Section in Primiparous
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06628960
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- Sujok / MAUN
- Conditions
- Breastfeeding
- Keywords
- Su Jok therapy, cesarean section, breastfeeding
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 60 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Aysegul KilicliUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 9 Oct 2024 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 20 Jan 2025 (actual)
- Study completion
- 20 Jan 2025 (actual)
- First posted
- 8 Oct 2024 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
There are many alternative methods to increase breast milk. In the literature, studies on Su Jok therapy applications are limited and no studies on increasing breast milk have been found. In Korean language, 'Su' means hand and 'Jok' means foot. Su Jok therapy is defined as a modern acupressure/acupuncture interpretation that utilises the body's independent communication systems on the hands and feet by applying various techniques such as massage, moxa (heating), needles, magnets and seeds to the reflection points on the hands and feet. Su Jok is an integrated therapy that incorporates many tried and trusted methods of oriental medicine
Detailed description
There are many alternative methods to increase breast milk. In the literature, studies on Su Jok therapy applications are limited and no studies on increasing breast milk have been found. In Korean language, 'Su' means hand and 'Jok' means foot. Su Jok therapy is defined as a modern acupressure/acupuncture interpretation that utilises the body's independent communication systems on the hands and feet by applying various techniques such as massage, moxa (heating), needles, magnets and seeds to the reflection points on the hands and feet. Su Jok is an integrated therapy that incorporates many tried and trusted methods of oriental medicine.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Other
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind (outcomes assessor)
- Number of arms
- 2
- Model description
- randomized controlled trial
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| su jok therapy; | Experimental | Behavioral: Su Jok Therapysu jok therapy; application of seeds placed at certain points on the palm of the hand every day for the first ten days after birth, every day to be kept in the hand for 4 hours. |
| control group | No intervention | –control group, Su Jok will not be applied |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 19 to 35 years
- Sex
- Female only
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult
Key inclusion criteria (3 listed)
- primiparous women giving birth by caesarean section,
- women aged 19-35,
- breastfeeding women
Key exclusion criteria (1 listed)
- those who refused to participate in the research
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Su Jok TherapySu Jok Therapy | Behavioural | su jok therapy; |
Primary outcome
Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale
Time frame: Pre-test; before the first Su Jok intervention
It was developed by Dennis (2003). Its Turkish validity and reliability was conducted by Aluş Tokat et al. (2010). The scale consists of 14 items and is in five-point Likert type. A minimum of 14 points and a maximum of 70 points can be obtained from the scale. All items are positive. A minimum of 14 points and a maximum of 70 points can be obtained from the scale. All items are positive. The higher the score obtained from the scale, the higher the breastfeeding self-efficacy.
Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale
Time frame: On the 3rd day after cesarean section (72 hours postpartum), before the 3rd Su Jok intervention.
It was developed by Dennis (2003). Its Turkish validity and reliability was conducted by Aluş Tokat et al. (2010). The scale consists of 14 items and is in five-point Likert type. A minimum of 14 points and a maximum of 70 points can be obtained from the scale. All items are positive. A minimum of 14 points and a maximum of 70 points can be obtained from the scale. All items are positive. The higher the score obtained from the scale, the higher the breastfeeding self-efficacy.
Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale
Time frame: On the 10th day after cesarean section; after the last (10th) Su Jok intervention.
It was developed by Dennis (2003). Its Turkish validity and reliability was conducted by Aluş Tokat et al. (2010). The scale consists of 14 items and is in five-point Likert type. A minimum of 14 points and a maximum of 70 points can be obtained from the scale. All items are positive. A minimum of 14 points and a maximum of 70 points can be obtained from the scale. All items are positive. The higher the score obtained from the scale, the higher the breastfeeding self-efficacy.
Breastfeeding Charting System: LATCH
Time frame: Pre-test; before the first Su Jok intervention
It was developed by Jensen et al. (1994). Its Turkish validity and reliability was performed by Yenal and Okumuş (2003). LATCH includes five evaluation criteria and consists of the first letters of the English equivalents of these criteria. In the LATCH Scoring System, 0, 1 or 2 points are given for each criterion A minimum score of 0 and a maximum score of 10 can be obtained from the scale. All items are positive. The higher the score obtained from the scale, the higher the breastfeeding self-efficacy.
Breastfeeding Charting System: LATCH
Time frame: On the 3rd day after cesarean section (72 hours postpartum), before the 3rd Su Jok intervention.
It was developed by Jensen et al. (1994). Its Turkish validity and reliability was performed by Yenal and Okumuş (2003). LATCH includes five evaluation criteria and consists of the first letters of the English equivalents of these criteria. In the LATCH Scoring System, 0, 1 or 2 points are given for each criterion. A minimum score of 0 and a maximum score of 10 can be obtained from the scale. All items are positive. The higher the score obtained from the scale, the higher the breastfeeding self-efficacy.
Breastfeeding Charting System: LATCH
Time frame: On the 10th day after cesarean section; after the last (10th) Su Jok intervention.
It was developed by Jensen et al. (1994). Its Turkish validity and reliability was performed by Yenal and Okumuş (2003). LATCH includes five evaluation criteria and consists of the first letters of the English equivalents of these criteria. In the LATCH Scoring System, 0, 1 or 2 points are given for each criterion. A minimum score of 0 and a maximum score of 10 can be obtained from the scale. All items are positive. The higher the score obtained from the scale, the higher the breastfeeding self-efficacy.
Inadequate Milk Perception Scale
Time frame: Pre-test; before the first Su Jok intervention
The scale developed by McCarter-Spaulding and Kearney in 2001 consists of 6 questions to determine inadequate perception of breast milk. The first question questioning whether the mother perceives her milk as sufficient or not is in the form of 'yes' or 'no'. The other 5 questions aim to measure the perception of inadequacy of milk and are scored between 0-10. '0' indicates that milk is perceived as completely inadequate and "10" indicates that milk is perceived as completely adequate. The scale is scored between 0-50. A high score indicates an increased perception of milk sufficiency.
Inadequate Milk Perception Scale
Time frame: On the 3rd day after cesarean section (72 hours postpartum), before the 3rd Su Jok intervention.
The scale developed by McCarter-Spaulding and Kearney in 2001 consists of 6 questions to determine inadequate perception of breast milk. The first question questioning whether the mother perceives her milk as sufficient or not is in the form of 'yes' or 'no'. The other 5 questions aim to measure the perception of inadequacy of milk and are scored between 0-10. '0' indicates that milk is perceived as completely inadequate and "10" indicates that milk is perceived as completely adequate. The scale is scored between 0-50. A high score indicates an increased perception of milk sufficiency.
Inadequate Milk Perception Scale; before the 3rd Su Jok intervention
Time frame: On the 10th day after cesarean section; after the last (10th) Su Jok intervention.
The scale developed by McCarter-Spaulding and Kearney in 2001 consists of 6 questions to determine inadequate perception of breast milk. The first question questioning whether the mother perceives her milk as sufficient or not is in the form of 'yes' or 'no'. The other 5 questions aim to measure the perception of inadequacy of milk and are scored between 0-10. '0' indicates that milk is perceived as completely inadequate and "10" indicates that milk is perceived as completely adequate. The scale is scored between 0-50. A high score indicates an increased perception of milk sufficiency.
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 3 Nov 2026.
- Derived from this study: PubMed 42743909Kilicli A, Sahin A, Yazgu HA, Cakir A. Effect of Su Jok Therapy on perception of insufficient milk, breastfeeding success, and breastfeeding self-efficacy in primiparous women who gave birth by cesarean section: Randomized controlled trial. Explore (NY). 2026 Sep 10;22(6):103531. doi: 10.1016/j.explore.2026.103531. Online ahead of print.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: Yes. All
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
AYŞEGÜL KILIÇLI, Assisstan. Prof. PhD. principal investigator
Muş Alparslan University
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Su Jok Therapy in people with Breastfeeding, run by Aysegul Kilicli at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 3 inclusion and 1 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 3 Nov 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye). Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale (time frame: Pre-test; before the first Su Jok intervention). The study lists 9 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT06628960, which also lists 1 linked publication.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 3 Nov 2026.