Clinical Study of 18F-FAPI-RGD in Ovarian Cancer

Ovarian cancer is the malignant tumor with the highest mortality rate among women, and also the most intractable gynecological malignant tumor in clinical treatment. Its incidence rate and mortality are increasing year by year. China's incidence rate of ovarian cancer ranks first in the world.Due to the lack of typical clinical symptoms and effective screening tools in the early stage, more than 70% of patients were in advanced cancer when diagnosed,that is, there was peritoneal and/or distant metastasis. The mortality rate was high (mortality/incidence rate ratio was 60%) , the radical cure rate was low, and the 5-year overall survival rate was only 30% . The survival rate of ovarian cancer is closely related to staging (stage I 5-year survival rate is 92%, stage IV is 5%) . Therefore, early and accurate detection and staging are of great significance for the selection of treatment methods and the improvement of patient survival rate.Positron emission tomography (PET) is a non-invasive molecular imaging technique. Currently, 18F-FDG PET/CT has been included as a routine examination in the postoperative evaluation of the NCCN ovarian cancer diagnosis and treatment guidelines as a supplementary examination method for preoperative evaluation. Therefore, 18F-FDG PET/CT is recommended by NCCN as an imaging biomarker for ovarian cancer, and performs well in early diagnosis, treatment planning, and postoperative evaluation. However, FDG PET/CT also has some limitations, such as its sensitivity being influenced by different histological subtypes (such as ovarian mucinous carcinoma, clear cell carcinoma, or low-grade serous carcinoma). In addition, false negatives caused by physiological high uptake in the intestine and false positives caused by ovarian physiological uptake and some benign lesions (such as cystadenoma, endometrioma, and acute inflammatory processes) still exist. Therefore, a more effective imaging technique is needed to improve the detection and staging of ovarian tumors.

α V β 3-Integrins play a crucial role in promoting and maintaining angiogenesis, and have been identified as biomarkers of angiogenesis. Research has found that integrins α V β 3 is highly expressed in neovascular endothelial cells and tumor cells, including ovarian cancer, and plays an important role in regulating tumor growth, angiogenesis, local invasion, and metastasis potential.Research has shown that 68 Ga-FAPI-04 is a novel radioligand targeting fibroblast activating protein (FAP), which has recently been used for tumor microenvironment imaging, especially cancer associated fibroblasts (CAFs), with promising imaging results . Research has shown that compared to 18F-FDG, 68Ga-FAPI PET/CT has higher sensitivity in detecting and diagnosing lymph node and peritoneal metastases in ovarian cancer.