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Cancer BreastNCT06551688

Influence of Preoperative Vitamin D Level on Postoperative Pain in Breast Cancer Surgery Patients

An observational study of Cancer Breast and Hypovitaminosis D, run by Fayoum University at 1 site in Egypt.

Completed

Finished. The study has ended and is not enrolling. Results may be posted on the official record.

Official record
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Trial summary

Vitamin D deficiency is a general problem that vigorously affects human health . Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed life-threatening cancer in women and the leading cause of cancer death among women.Vitamin D deficiency is common in breast cancer patients and some evidence suggests that low vitamin D… Read more about this study

Who is it for?
Ages 20 to 65 years, women only
Conditions the study is for
Cancer Breast, Hypovitaminosis D
What is being tested?
Serum 25(OH)D level
How many people
184 participants
Where
1 siteEgypt
Study dates
1 Sep 2024to 20 Apr 2025
Phase
Observational
Are there results?
None posted in the registry

Key requirements

Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.

  • Ages 20 to 65 years
  • Women only
  • No healthy volunteers
  • Adult, Older adult

Study population: newly diagnosed and pathologically proven breast cancer patients who are prepared for elective breast cancer surgery will be recruited from the general surgery department of Fayoum university hospital.

Who may be able to join

  • Female patients ASA II -III.
  • aged 20-65 years, who will be scheduled to undergo elective unilateral breast cancer surgery.
  • modified radical mastectomy.

Who cannot join

  • Patient refusal.
  • Chronic opioid use.
  • cognitive disorders.
  • patients using drugs affecting the levels of calcium, phosphorus, and vitamin D, such as vitamin D supplement, calcitonin, and estrogen or its analogs, one month before enrolment.
  • hyperparathyroidism or undergoing parathyroidectomy.
  • diseases affecting vitamin D absorption, such as long-term diarrhea, chronic pancreatitis, biliary obstruction, colitis, partial resection of the small intestine.
Show all 11Show fewer
  • severe liver and kidney diseases.
  • severe peripheral or central neuropathy.
  • heart failure.
  • pneumonia.
  • parenteral nutrition patients.

Trial locations and contacts

1 site in 1 country.

Egypt1 site
  • Fayoum university hospital

    El Fayoum Qesm, Faiyum Governorate, 63514

Other trials in Egypt

About this study

Official title: Influence of Preoperative Vitamin D Level on Postoperative Pain in Breast Cancer Surgery Patients: A Prospective Observational Study

Vitamin D deficiency is a general problem that vigorously affects human health . Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed life-threatening cancer in women and the leading cause of cancer death among women.Vitamin D deficiency is common in breast cancer patients and some evidence suggests that low vitamin D status enhances the risk for disease development or progression .

Though the relationship between vitamin D and breast cancer is unclear . Several research studies currently support vitamin D deficiency as a risk factor for breast cancer. Observational studies have also revealed significant relationships of vitamin D with breast cancer, colorectal cancer, prostate cancer and pancreatic cancer .

Read more

However, no work has been done to investigate the relationship between vitamin D deficiency and acute postoperative pain in breast cancer surgery patients. In the current study we will investigate the relationship between preoperative vitamin D levels and acute postoperative pain in cancer breast surgery patients.

The aim of current study is to investigate the relationship between preoperative vitamin D levels and acute postoperative pain in breast cancer surgery patients.

Read the detailed description

This study will be performed in the FAYOUM University Hospital after the local Institutional Ethics Committee and local institutional review board approval. Newly diagnosed and pathologically proven breast cancer patients who are prepared for elective breast cancer surgery will be recruited from the general surgery department of our hospital. The study design will be prospective observational study. A detailed informed consent will be signed by the eligible patients before recruitment.

Measurement of vitamin D:

The characteristics of 25 (OH) D3 are relatively longer half-life than 1.25 (OH)2 D3, stability, strong detection repeatability, and no biological activity. Generally, systemic levels of the more stable 25 (OH) D3 are considered to be the best index to reflect status of vitamin D in the individual patient .

study design:

Serum 25(OH)D levels will be measured preoperative . Patients will be divided into two groups :

(1) group D: vitamin D-deficient group (<30nmol/L); and (2) group S: vitamin D-sufficient group (≥30nmol/L) .

Randomization:

Preoperative serum 25(OH) D levels will be assessed by an anaesthesiologist who will not be included in the study, to get the number of patients required in each group. Randomization will be done via computer-generated random numbers that will be placed in separate closed envelopes and will be opened by study investigators just after induction of general anaesthesia. Neither the patients, the study investigators, the attending clinicians nor the data collectors will be aware of the allocation of groups till the study ends. The patients will be allocated in 1:1 ratio to one of the two groups: group D: vitamin D-deficient group (n= 92 ), and group S: vitamin D-sufficient group (n= 92).

Anaesthesia procedure:

All patients will undergo routine preoperative investigations; CBC, coagulation profile, liver function tests, kidney function tests, ECG and preoperative serum 25(OH)D level. Upon arrival to the operating room, standard monitors (5-lead electrocardiogram, pulse oximeter, noninvasive blood pressure monitoring) will be applied and continue all over the operation. An IV access will be established. All patients will receive IV ondansetron 4 mg before induction of anesthesia as a premedication. General anesthesia will be performed as follows: induction using IV propofol (2mg/kg), atracurium (0.5mg/kg), and fentanyl (1 microgram/kg). A cuffed endotracheal tube (7mm ID) will be placed to secure the airway. Mechanical ventilation parameters will be adjusted to ensure proper oxygenation and ventilation with normocapnia. Maintenance of anesthesia will be made using inhalational anesthesia with isoflurane 1.5% volume concentration and IV atracurium (0.1 mg/kg) every 20 minutes. Continuous hemodynamic monitoring of blood pressure and heart rate will be done . If the systolic blood pressure decreased to a 20% below the baseline or less than 90 mmHg, 5 mg of ephedrine will be injected IV. Moreover, if the heart rate reduced to a 50 bpm or less, 0.5 mg of atropine will be injected IV. At the end of operation , the patients will be transferred to the postoperative anaesthesia care unit for routine monitoring and then to the general surgery department when they have a modified Aldrete score ≥9.

Postoperative Pain Management:

Throughout the first 24 hrs, patients will receive IV paracetamol 1 g every 8 hrs for postoperative analgesia according to the general surgery department protocol.

They also will receive IV tramadol through a patient controlled analgesia (PCA) system (concentration of 4 mg/mL); with; a 20 mg dose, a 10 mins lockout interval and a 50 mg 1 hr limit as supplementary analgesia with no background analgesia.

Being tested
Serum 25(OH)D level
Keywords
preoperative vitamin D level, postoperative pain, cancer breast surgery
Medical subject headings
Breast Neoplasms, Vitamin D Deficiency, Pain, Postoperative

What participants receive

What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.

  • Serum 25(OH)D levelDiagnostic test

    The characteristics of 25 (OH) D3 are relatively longer half-life than 1.25 (OH)2 D3, stability, strong detection repeatability, and no biological activity. Generally, systemic levels of the more stable 25 (OH) D3 are considered to be the best index to reflect status of vitamin D in the individual patient

Study groups in NCT06551688
Study groupRoleWhat they receive
group Dvitamin D-deficient group (<30nmol/L)
Receives: Diagnostic Test: Serum 25(OH)D level
group Svitamin D-sufficient group (≥30nmol/L)
Receives: Diagnostic Test: Serum 25(OH)D level

What is being measured

The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.

  1. Incidence of moderate to severe postoperative pain

    Incidence

    Measured: at 12 hours after surgery

Secondary outcomes (13)
  1. American Society of Anaesthesiologists

    The ASA Classification is a physical status classification used to determine a patient's risk with anaesthesia1. The classification runs from ASA I to ASA VI, with the higher the number indicating a greater risk

    Measured: 24 hours before operation

  2. Pain assessment by NRS

    Pain assessment by numerical rating score (NRS) from 0 to 10 where 0 equals no pain and 10 equals the worst pain

    Measured: 24 hours before operation during the preoperative visit

  3. Previous associated comorbidities

    like hypertension, diabetes mellitus, coronary artery disease, chronic renal failure and liver impairment

    Measured: 24 hours before operation

  4. Preoperative Serum 25(OH)D level (nmol/L)

    Level

    Measured: 24 hours before operation

  5. Duration of surgery

    Duration

    Measured: from start to the end of operation

  6. Total fentanyl consumption (in micrograms)

    Pain

    Measured: intraoperative till end of the operation

  7. Heart rate

    measured in beats per minute

    Measured: baseline, every 30 minutes up to end of the operation

  8. Non- invasive mean arterial blood pressure

    measured in mmHg

    Measured: baseline, every 30 minutes up to end of the operation

  9. Postoperative pain scores

    NRS (Numerical rating scale) (from 0 to 10) ,0 equals no pain and 10 equals the worst pain

    Measured: at times: hour zero, hour 6, hour12, hour18, hour24 postoperative.

  10. Total tramadol consumption

    measured in mg

    Measured: within 1st 24 hours postoperative

  11. Incidence of adverse effects

    nausea and vomiting (0 = no symptoms, 1 = only nausea, 2 = nausea and vomiting), respiratory depression (respiratory rate less than 10), sedation (0 = awake and alert,

    1 = quietly awake, 2 = asleep but easily arousable, 3 = deep sleep, responding to painful stimulus)

    Measured: during 1st 24 hours postoperative

  12. Hospital stay

    in days (defined as the time elapsed from day 0; the operative day; to the time of discharge)

    Measured: from the date of the operation to the date of discharge from hospital

  13. Patient satisfaction

    will be assessed on a 4-point scale (1: excellent, 2: good 3: fair, 4: poor).

    Measured: up to 2 days postoperative

Timeline

From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.

  1. First posted13 Aug 2024
  2. Study start1 Sep 2024
  3. Primary completion20 Apr 2025
  4. Study completion20 Apr 2025

Resources

More details

For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.

Study design
Study type
Observational
Observational model
Cohort
Time perspective
Prospective
Enrolment
184 participants (actual)
IDs, dates and publications
ClinicalTrials.gov ID
NCT06551688
Sponsor's protocol ID
D328
Status last verified
May 2025
First submitted
3 Jul 2024
Last updated
6 May 2025
Results posted
No
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
Individual data sharing
Undecided

Publications

  • Zeng X, Chen X, Li C, Shi H. Preoperative Vitamin D Level is Associated with Acute Pain After Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery: A Retrospective Cohort Study. J Pain Res. 2022 Oct 12;15:3189-3196. doi: 10.2147/JPR.S382407. eCollection 2022.

    PubMed 36258760
  • Roth DE, Abrams SA, Aloia J, Bergeron G, Bourassa MW, Brown KH, Calvo MS, Cashman KD, Combs G, De-Regil LM, Jefferds ME, Jones KS, Kapner H, Martineau AR, Neufeld LM, Schleicher RL, Thacher TD, Whiting SJ. Global prevalence and disease burden of vitamin D deficiency: a roadmap for action in low- and middle-income countries. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2018 Oct;1430(1):44-79. doi: 10.1111/nyas.13968. Epub 2018 Sep 18.

    PubMed 30225965
  • Holick MF. Vitamin D deficiency. N Engl J Med. 2007 Jul 19;357(3):266-81. doi: 10.1056/NEJMra070553. No abstract available.

    PubMed 17634462
  • Imtiaz S, Siddiqui N, Raza SA, Loya A, Muhammad A. Vitamin D deficiency in newly diagnosed breast cancer patients. Indian J Endocrinol Metab. 2012 May;16(3):409-13. doi: 10.4103/2230-8210.95684.

    PubMed 22629509
  • Bose S, Khanna A, You J, Arora L, Qavi S, Turan A. Low serum vitamin D levels are not associated with increased postoperative pain and opioid requirements: a historical cohort study. Can J Anaesth. 2015 Jul;62(7):770-6. doi: 10.1007/s12630-015-0357-4. Epub 2015 Mar 10.

    PubMed 25752462
  • Ulitsky A, Ananthakrishnan AN, Naik A, Skaros S, Zadvornova Y, Binion DG, Issa M. Vitamin D deficiency in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: association with disease activity and quality of life. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr. 2011 May;35(3):308-16. doi: 10.1177/0148607110381267.

    PubMed 21527593
  • Martinez-Alonso M, Dusso A, Ariza G, Nabal M. Vitamin D deficiency and its association with fatigue and quality of life in advanced cancer patients under palliative care: A cross-sectional study. Palliat Med. 2016 Jan;30(1):89-96. doi: 10.1177/0269216315601954. Epub 2015 Aug 27.

    PubMed 26315460
  • Sharma GN, Dave R, Sanadya J, Sharma P, Sharma KK. Various types and management of breast cancer: an overview. J Adv Pharm Technol Res. 2010 Apr;1(2):109-26.

    PubMed 22247839
  • Welsh J. Vitamin D and breast cancer: Past and present. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2018 Mar;177:15-20. doi: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2017.07.025. Epub 2017 Jul 23.

    PubMed 28746837
  • Feldman D, Krishnan AV, Swami S, Giovannucci E, Feldman BJ. The role of vitamin D in reducing cancer risk and progression. Nat Rev Cancer. 2014 May;14(5):342-57. doi: 10.1038/nrc3691. Epub 2014 Apr 4.

    PubMed 24705652
  • Deeb KK, Trump DL, Johnson CS. Vitamin D signalling pathways in cancer: potential for anticancer therapeutics. Nat Rev Cancer. 2007 Sep;7(9):684-700. doi: 10.1038/nrc2196.

    PubMed 17721433
  • Altieri B, Grant WB, Della Casa S, Orio F, Pontecorvi A, Colao A, Sarno G, Muscogiuri G. Vitamin D and pancreas: The role of sunshine vitamin in the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus and pancreatic cancer. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2017 Nov 2;57(16):3472-3488. doi: 10.1080/10408398.2015.1136922.

    PubMed 27030935
  • Meeker S, Seamons A, Maggio-Price L, Paik J. Protective links between vitamin D, inflammatory bowel disease and colon cancer. World J Gastroenterol. 2016 Jan 21;22(3):933-48. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v22.i3.933.

    PubMed 26811638
  • Jacobs ET, Kohler LN, Kunihiro AG, Jurutka PW. Vitamin D and Colorectal, Breast, and Prostate Cancers: A Review of the Epidemiological Evidence. J Cancer. 2016 Jan 5;7(3):232-40. doi: 10.7150/jca.13403. eCollection 2016.

    PubMed 26918035
  • Xia J, Li D, Yu G, Xu B, Gao X, Wang H, Ma Y, Li X, Xiong Y. Effects of Hypovitaminosis D on Preoperative Pain Threshold and Perioperative Opioid Use in Colorectal Cancer Surgery: A Cohort Study. Pain Physician. 2022 Oct;25(7):E1009-E1019.

    PubMed 36288586

Questions about this trial

What is this clinical trial studying?

An observational study of Cancer Breast and Hypovitaminosis D, run by Fayoum University at 1 site in Egypt.

The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.

Who may be eligible to take part?

The sponsor lists 3 inclusion and 11 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.

Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?

The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 6 May 2025. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.

Where is the study taking place?

The record lists 1 site in Egypt. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.

What are the possible benefits and risks?

They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.

Are results available for this study?

The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.

How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?

The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.

What does the primary outcome measure?

Incidence of moderate to severe postoperative pain (time frame: at 12 hours after surgery). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.

Where can I read the original study information?

On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT06551688, which also lists 15 linked publications.

Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?

No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.

How often is this information updated?

AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 6 May 2025.

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