Sports Physical TherapyELVBTDBPFBNCT06509685
Effects of Ladder Versus Balance Training on Dynamic Balance and Performance Among Football Players
A study testing Ladder Training and balance training in people with Sports Physical Therapy, run by Riphah International University at 1 site in Pakistan.
Trial summary
Football is becoming more and more popular around the world since it is easier to obtain. Depending on specific game activities, a player's position on the field may have an impact on their physical traits. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 to 25 years, men onlyHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Sports Physical Therapy
- What is being tested?
- Ladder Training and balance training
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 18 participants
- Where
- 1 sitePakistan
- Study dates
- 30 Nov 2023to 30 May 2024
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 to 25 years
- Men only
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult
Who may be able to join
- Male Football Players
- Age 18 to 25 Years
- Participants who regularly trained in football
- Participants who were from various amateur football teams participated in the study
Who cannot join
- Participants who had an injury in the previous six months
- Participants who underwent any surgery with in last one year
- Participants were excluded if they reported any current injury that limited daily activity
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
Pakistan1 site
Riphah International University
Lahore, Punjab Province, 54000
About this study
Football is becoming more and more popular around the world since it is easier to obtain. Depending on specific game activities, a player's position on the field may have an impact on their physical traits. Ladder and Balance training is a well-recognized technique for improving players' multidirectional footwork and dynamic balance-both crucial for the rigorous demands of football. The objective of this study is to determine the effects of ladder versus balance training on dynamic balance and performance of football players.
The study design is Randomized Clinical Trial (RCT). The sample size was calculated from epitool software. This study would include total n= 20 participants which would be divided equally into Group A- ladder Training (n=9) and Group B-balance Training (n=9). The study will be conducted in Bahria Football Academy. Modified Star Excursion Balance Test (SEBT) assesses dynamic balance while performance include Vertical Jump, Dribbling, 30m Sprint, and Illinois Agility evaluation at baseline and after 6th-weeks. The data will be analyzed using SPSS version 28.
Read the detailed description
This study investigates the comparative effects of ladder training and balance training on dynamic balance and performance in football players. The research aims to understand how these distinct training modalities impact dynamic balance and overall performance, providing valuable insights for coaches and athletes. The goal is to tailor training regimens to optimize specific athletic aspects essential in football, contributing to the evidence base for designing more effective protocols in football player development.
- Conditions
- Sports Physical Therapy
- Being tested
- Ladder Training, balance training
- Keywords
- Agility, Balance exercises, Dynamic Balance, Football Players, Ladder Training
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Ladder TrainingOther
9 participants will perform only Ladder training exercise protocol. The training schedule included exercises such as Two foot run, Ladder traps, Lateral angle leg hops, Single leg forward hop, two-foot lateral run, Fight shuffle, Skiers, Carioca, Lateral in out, two in two out, Intermediate high knee run, Straddle squat hops, two foot laterals hop in \& out, Two-foot lateral hop, Ali shuffle, 180 Degree rotation, jumping jacks' variation, Advanced in in out, Quick hops cotch, Icky shuffle etc. For each session, ten stations were used and participants change the partner after every end of steps jumping exercise and continued each exercise at least 3 set, depending on the class design(22).
balance trainingOther
9 participants will perform balance training protocol. The balance training program includes exercises based around balance development in unilateral dynamic balancing positions. The program included balance and landing activities incorporating wobble boards and change of direction activities.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Group A | Experimental | 9 participants will be in experimental group A and will perform ladder training protocol including two foot run, Ladder traps, Lateral angle leg hops, Single leg forward hop, two-foot lateral run, Fight shuffle exercises. Receives: Other: Ladder Training |
| Group B | Experimental | 9 participants will be in experimental group B and will perform balance training protocol including balance and landing activities incorporating wobble boards and change of direction activities Receives: Other: balance training |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Modified Star Excursion Balance Test (SEBT)
Star excursion balance test in the earlier days include 8 reach directions. Participants reported for a single testing session. The dominant leg will be determined as the leg used by the participant for kicking. The length of both the legs will be measured from the anterior superior iliac spine to the middle of the medial malleolus using a standard tape measure while participants lay supine on a plinth. The task goal and performance constraints of the SEBT will be explained to the participants. Reach directions will be evaluated by affixing three tape measures to the floor, one orientated anterior to the apex (A) and two aligned at 135 to this in the Posteromedial and Posterolateral directions.
Measured: 8 weeks
Vertical Jump test
The person stands side on to a wall and reaches up with the hand closest to the wall. Keeping the feet flat on the ground, the point of the fingertips is marked or recorded. The person puts chalk on their fingertips to mark the wall at the height of their jump. The person then stands away from the wall and jumps vertically as high as possible using both arms and legs to assist in projecting the body upwards. Attempt to touch the wall at the highest point of the jump.
Measured: 8 weeks
30-m sprint test
The test involves running a single maximum sprint over 30 meters, with the time recorded. A thorough warm up should be given, including some practice starts and accelerations. Start from a stationary position, with one foot in front of the other. The front foot must be on or behind the starting line. This starting position should be held for 2 seconds prior to starting, and no rocking movements are allowed. The tester should provide hints for maximizing speed (such as keeping low, driving hard with the arms and legs) and encourage them to continue running hard through the finish line.
Measured: 8 weeks
Illinois Agility Test
The individual starts by lying face down by the first cone. Staring at cone 1 he is required to run to cone 2 which is placed at a distance of 10 meters away from the first. He then runs 10 meters to cone 3. At this point the individual has to weave around cones 3,4,5,6. After this he has to go through 5,4,3. He will then run to cone # 8. The time to complete the task is then recorded.
Measured: 8 weeks
Figure 8 dribbling test
The player starts on one side of the first cone. Player must dribble around each cone in a figure8 pattern, without touching the cone, using both feet and trying to use both the inside and outside of her feet. She may also use the sole of her feet
Measured: 8 weeks
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted19 Jul 2024
- Study start30 Nov 2023
- Primary completion30 Apr 2024
- Study completion30 May 2024
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (10)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Sports Physical TherapyStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by Riphah International UniversityThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind
- Who is masked
- Participant
- Enrolment
- 18 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Riphah International University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
- Investigators
- Muzna Munir, Ph.D, Principal investigator, Riphah International University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06509685
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- REC/RCR&AHS/23/0487
- Acronym
- ELVBTDBPFB
- Status last verified
- Jul 2024
- First submitted
- 15 Jul 2024
- Last updated
- 19 Jul 2024
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Publications
Padron-Cabo A, Rey E, Kalen A, Costa PB. Effects of Training with an Agility Ladder on Sprint, Agility, and Dribbling Performance in Youth Soccer Players. J Hum Kinet. 2020 Jul 21;73:219-228. doi: 10.2478/hukin-2019-0146. eCollection 2020 Jul.
PubMed 32774553Ksiazek A, Zagrodna A, Slowinska-Lisowska M. Assessment of the Dietary Intake of High-Rank Professional Male Football Players during a Preseason Training Week. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Nov 18;17(22):8567. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17228567.
PubMed 33218191Doganay M, Bingul BM, Alvarez-Garcia C. Effect of core training on speed, quickness and agility in young male football players. J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2020 Sep;60(9):1240-1246. doi: 10.23736/S0022-4707.20.10999-X.
PubMed 33124789Teixeira JE, Alves AR, Ferraz R, Forte P, Leal M, Ribeiro J, Silva AJ, Barbosa TM, Monteiro AM. Effects of Chronological Age, Relative Age, and Maturation Status on Accumulated Training Load and Perceived Exertion in Young Sub-Elite Football Players. Front Physiol. 2022 Mar 31;13:832202. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2022.832202. eCollection 2022.
PubMed 35432006Beato M, Bianchi M, Coratella G, Merlini M, Drust B. Effects of Plyometric and Directional Training on Speed and Jump Performance in Elite Youth Soccer Players. J Strength Cond Res. 2018 Feb;32(2):289-296. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000002371.
PubMed 29176387Saez de Villarreal E, Suarez-Arrones L, Requena B, Haff GG, Ferrete C. Effects of Plyometric and Sprint Training on Physical and Technical Skill Performance in Adolescent Soccer Players. J Strength Cond Res. 2015 Jul;29(7):1894-903. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000000838.
PubMed 25635606Bedoya AA, Miltenberger MR, Lopez RM. Plyometric Training Effects on Athletic Performance in Youth Soccer Athletes: A Systematic Review. J Strength Cond Res. 2015 Aug;29(8):2351-60. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000000877.
PubMed 25756326Sheppard JM, Young WB. Agility literature review: classifications, training and testing. J Sports Sci. 2006 Sep;24(9):919-32. doi: 10.1080/02640410500457109.
PubMed 16882626Michailidis Y, Fatouros IG, Primpa E, Michailidis C, Avloniti A, Chatzinikolaou A, Barbero-Alvarez JC, Tsoukas D, Douroudos II, Draganidis D, Leontsini D, Margonis K, Berberidou F, Kambas A. Plyometrics' trainability in preadolescent soccer athletes. J Strength Cond Res. 2013 Jan;27(1):38-49. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e3182541ec6.
PubMed 22450257Kenville R, Maudrich T, Korner S, Zimmer J, Ragert P. Effects of Short-Term Dynamic Balance Training on Postural Stability in School-Aged Football Players and Gymnasts. Front Psychol. 2021 Nov 17;12:767036. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.767036. eCollection 2021.
PubMed 34867668
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 19 Jul 2024. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Effects of Ladder Versus Balance Training on Dynamic Balance and Performance Among Football Players
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06509685
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- ELVBTDBPFB / REC/RCR&AHS/23/0487
- Conditions
- Sports Physical Therapy
- Keywords
- Agility, Balance exercises, Dynamic Balance, Football Players, Ladder Training
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 18 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Riphah International UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 30 Nov 2023 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 30 Apr 2024 (actual)
- Study completion
- 30 May 2024 (actual)
- First posted
- 19 Jul 2024 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
Football is becoming more and more popular around the world since it is easier to obtain. Depending on specific game activities, a player's position on the field may have an impact on their physical traits. Ladder and Balance training is a well-recognized technique for improving players' multidirectional footwork and dynamic balance-both crucial for the rigorous demands of football. The objective of this study is to determine the effects of ladder versus balance training on dynamic balance and performance of football players.
The study design is Randomized Clinical Trial (RCT). The sample size was calculated from epitool software. This study would include total n= 20 participants which would be divided equally into Group A- ladder Training (n=9) and Group B-balance Training (n=9). The study will be conducted in Bahria Football Academy. Modified Star Excursion Balance Test (SEBT) assesses dynamic balance while performance include Vertical Jump, Dribbling, 30m Sprint, and Illinois Agility evaluation at baseline and after 6th-weeks. The data will be analyzed using SPSS version 28.
Detailed description
This study investigates the comparative effects of ladder training and balance training on dynamic balance and performance in football players. The research aims to understand how these distinct training modalities impact dynamic balance and overall performance, providing valuable insights for coaches and athletes. The goal is to tailor training regimens to optimize specific athletic aspects essential in football, contributing to the evidence base for designing more effective protocols in football player development.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind (participant)
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Group A | Experimental | Other: Ladder Training9 participants will be in experimental group A and will perform ladder training protocol including two foot run, Ladder traps, Lateral angle leg hops, Single leg forward hop, two-foot lateral run, Fight shuffle exercises. |
| Group B | Experimental | Other: balance training9 participants will be in experimental group B and will perform balance training protocol including balance and landing activities incorporating wobble boards and change of direction activities |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 to 25 years
- Sex
- Male only
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult
Key inclusion criteria (4 listed)
- Male Football Players
- Age 18 to 25 Years
- Participants who regularly trained in football
- Participants who were from various amateur football teams participated in the study
Key exclusion criteria (3 listed)
- Participants who had an injury in the previous six months
- Participants who underwent any surgery with in last one year
- Participants were excluded if they reported any current injury that limited daily activity
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Ladder Training9 participants will perform only Ladder training exercise protocol. The training schedule included exercises such as Two foot run, Ladder traps, Lateral angle leg hops, Single leg forward hop, two-foot lateral run, Fight shuffle, Skiers, Carioca, Lateral in out, two in two out, Intermediate high knee run, Straddle squat hops, two foot laterals hop in \& out, Two-foot lateral hop, Ali shuffle, 180 Degree rotation, jumping jacks' variation, Advanced in in out, Quick hops cotch, Icky shuffle etc. For each session, ten stations were used and participants change the partner after every end of steps jumping exercise and continued each exercise at least 3 set, depending on the class design(22). | Other | Group A |
| balance training9 participants will perform balance training protocol. The balance training program includes exercises based around balance development in unilateral dynamic balancing positions. The program included balance and landing activities incorporating wobble boards and change of direction activities. | Other | Group B |
Primary outcome
Modified Star Excursion Balance Test (SEBT)
Time frame: 8 weeks
Star excursion balance test in the earlier days include 8 reach directions. Participants reported for a single testing session. The dominant leg will be determined as the leg used by the participant for kicking. The length of both the legs will be measured from the anterior superior iliac spine to the middle of the medial malleolus using a standard tape measure while participants lay supine on a plinth. The task goal and performance constraints of the SEBT will be explained to the participants. Reach directions will be evaluated by affixing three tape measures to the floor, one orientated anterior to the apex (A) and two aligned at 135 to this in the Posteromedial and Posterolateral directions.
Vertical Jump test
Time frame: 8 weeks
The person stands side on to a wall and reaches up with the hand closest to the wall. Keeping the feet flat on the ground, the point of the fingertips is marked or recorded. The person puts chalk on their fingertips to mark the wall at the height of their jump. The person then stands away from the wall and jumps vertically as high as possible using both arms and legs to assist in projecting the body upwards. Attempt to touch the wall at the highest point of the jump.
30-m sprint test
Time frame: 8 weeks
The test involves running a single maximum sprint over 30 meters, with the time recorded. A thorough warm up should be given, including some practice starts and accelerations. Start from a stationary position, with one foot in front of the other. The front foot must be on or behind the starting line. This starting position should be held for 2 seconds prior to starting, and no rocking movements are allowed. The tester should provide hints for maximizing speed (such as keeping low, driving hard with the arms and legs) and encourage them to continue running hard through the finish line.
Illinois Agility Test
Time frame: 8 weeks
The individual starts by lying face down by the first cone. Staring at cone 1 he is required to run to cone 2 which is placed at a distance of 10 meters away from the first. He then runs 10 meters to cone 3. At this point the individual has to weave around cones 3,4,5,6. After this he has to go through 5,4,3. He will then run to cone # 8. The time to complete the task is then recorded.
Figure 8 dribbling test
Time frame: 8 weeks
The player starts on one side of the first cone. Player must dribble around each cone in a figure8 pattern, without touching the cone, using both feet and trying to use both the inside and outside of her feet. She may also use the sole of her feet
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 19 Jul 2024.
- Background: PubMed 32774553Padron-Cabo A, Rey E, Kalen A, Costa PB. Effects of Training with an Agility Ladder on Sprint, Agility, and Dribbling Performance in Youth Soccer Players. J Hum Kinet. 2020 Jul 21;73:219-228. doi: 10.2478/hukin-2019-0146. eCollection 2020 Jul.
- Background: PubMed 33218191Ksiazek A, Zagrodna A, Slowinska-Lisowska M. Assessment of the Dietary Intake of High-Rank Professional Male Football Players during a Preseason Training Week. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Nov 18;17(22):8567. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17228567.
- Background: PubMed 33124789Doganay M, Bingul BM, Alvarez-Garcia C. Effect of core training on speed, quickness and agility in young male football players. J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2020 Sep;60(9):1240-1246. doi: 10.23736/S0022-4707.20.10999-X.
- Background: PubMed 35432006Teixeira JE, Alves AR, Ferraz R, Forte P, Leal M, Ribeiro J, Silva AJ, Barbosa TM, Monteiro AM. Effects of Chronological Age, Relative Age, and Maturation Status on Accumulated Training Load and Perceived Exertion in Young Sub-Elite Football Players. Front Physiol. 2022 Mar 31;13:832202. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2022.832202. eCollection 2022.
- Background: PubMed 29176387Beato M, Bianchi M, Coratella G, Merlini M, Drust B. Effects of Plyometric and Directional Training on Speed and Jump Performance in Elite Youth Soccer Players. J Strength Cond Res. 2018 Feb;32(2):289-296. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000002371.
- Background: PubMed 25635606Saez de Villarreal E, Suarez-Arrones L, Requena B, Haff GG, Ferrete C. Effects of Plyometric and Sprint Training on Physical and Technical Skill Performance in Adolescent Soccer Players. J Strength Cond Res. 2015 Jul;29(7):1894-903. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000000838.
- Background: PubMed 25756326Bedoya AA, Miltenberger MR, Lopez RM. Plyometric Training Effects on Athletic Performance in Youth Soccer Athletes: A Systematic Review. J Strength Cond Res. 2015 Aug;29(8):2351-60. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000000877.
- Background: PubMed 16882626Sheppard JM, Young WB. Agility literature review: classifications, training and testing. J Sports Sci. 2006 Sep;24(9):919-32. doi: 10.1080/02640410500457109.
- Background: PubMed 22450257Michailidis Y, Fatouros IG, Primpa E, Michailidis C, Avloniti A, Chatzinikolaou A, Barbero-Alvarez JC, Tsoukas D, Douroudos II, Draganidis D, Leontsini D, Margonis K, Berberidou F, Kambas A. Plyometrics' trainability in preadolescent soccer athletes. J Strength Cond Res. 2013 Jan;27(1):38-49. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e3182541ec6.
- Background: PubMed 34867668Kenville R, Maudrich T, Korner S, Zimmer J, Ragert P. Effects of Short-Term Dynamic Balance Training on Postural Stability in School-Aged Football Players and Gymnasts. Front Psychol. 2021 Nov 17;12:767036. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.767036. eCollection 2021.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
Related trials for Sports Physical Therapy
Recruiting
Effects of Scapular Training on Adolescent Boxers
Sports Physical Therapy
Recruiting
Individualized Rehabilitation for Osgood-Schlatter or Sever Pain in Youth Athletes
Osgood-Schlatter Disease, Sever's Disease
Recruiting
French Contrast Versus Oregon Circuit Training in Competitive Football Players
No Disease or Condition is Being Studied
Recruiting
Diaphragmatic Facilitation and Upper Extremity Performance in Volleyball Players
Volleyball Players
Recruiting
Comparative Effects of Dolphin Kick Streamline Training Versus Flutter Kick Training in Competitive Swimmers
Sports Physical Therapy
Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Muzna Munir, Ph.D principal investigator
Riphah International University
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Ladder Training and balance training in people with Sports Physical Therapy, run by Riphah International University at 1 site in Pakistan.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 4 inclusion and 3 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 19 Jul 2024. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Pakistan. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Modified Star Excursion Balance Test (SEBT) (time frame: 8 weeks). The study lists 5 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT06509685, which also lists 10 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 19 Jul 2024.