Intracerebral HemorrhagePhase 4I-CATCHERNCT06429332
International Care Bundle Evaluation in Cerebral Hemorrhage Research
A Phase 4 study testing Reversal of Oral anticoagulation within 30 minutes, Early intensive blood pressure lowering and Treatment of pyrexia in people with Intracerebral Hemorrhage and Intracerebral Haemorrhage, run by Region Skane at 54 sites in 8 countries.
Trial summary
Spontaneous intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) accounts for approximately 10-15% of all strokes but stands for 50% of stroke-related morbidity and mortality. Approximately half of all patients with ICH have a decreased level of consciousness at hospital admission. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 years and older
- Conditions the study is for
- Intracerebral Hemorrhage, Intracerebral Haemorrhage, Intraventricular Hemorrhage
- What is being tested?
- Reversal of Oral anticoagulation within 30 minutes, Early intensive blood pressure lowering and Treatment of pyrexia
- Type of treatment
- Pill or oral medicine, Injection or infusion
- Could I receive a placebo?
- Yes, some participants may receive a placebo
- How many people
- 3,500 participants
- Where
- 54 sitesin 8 countries
- Study dates
- 7 Jan 2025to Jul 2027
- Phase
- Phase 4
- Are there results?
- Not yet: the study is under way
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 years and older
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Adults (age ≥18 years)
- Non-contrast computerized tomography (NCCT) imaging-verified diagnosis of spontaneous intracerebral haemorrhage
- ≤24 hours from symptom onset or presumed symptom onset (last seen well)
Who cannot join
- Previous care limitation
- End-stage comorbidity with short life-expectancy (<6 m; e.g. terminal cancer)
- ICH caused by brain tumor or cerebral venous thrombosis
- Clinical signs of brain herniation at first presentation (unresponsive patient with bilaterally fixed, maximally dilated pupils)
- Pregnant women beyond 22 weeks gestation may only be included after thorough discussion with an obstetrician to determine risks vs benefit.
Trial locations and contacts
54 sites in 8 countries. Contact the study team or a site near you to ask about taking part.
Trine Apostolaki-Hansson, MD PhD contact
54 sites in 8 countries
Sweden38 sites, 38 recruiting
- Recruiting
Höglandssjukhuset i Eksjö
Eksjö, 575 81
Melania Vass, 46102410000, melania.vass@rjl.se
- Recruiting
Sahlgrenska Universitetssjukhuset
Gothenburg, 413 45
Petra Redfors, MD, 46313421000, petra.redfors@vgregion.se
- Recruiting
Östra Sjukhuset
Gothenburg, 41685
Christina Heden Ståhl, 46313421000, christina.heden-stahl@vgregion.se
- Recruiting
Hässleholms Sjukhus
Hässleholm
Annika Nilsson, +451-29 63 30, Annika.AC.Nilsson@skane.se
Magnus Esbjörnsson, MD
- Recruiting
Helsingborgs Lasarett
Helsingborg
Angela Persson, +424061895, angela.persson@skane.se
Gustaf Westerberg, MD
- Recruiting
Karolinska Universitetssjukhuset Huddinge
Huddinge
Michael Mazya, MD, 4612380000, michael.mazya@regionstockholm.se
- Recruiting
Länssjukhuset Ryhov
Jönköping, 551 85
Veronica Gajdos, 46102422870, veronika.gajdos@rjl.se
- Recruiting
Länssjukhuset Kalmar
Kalmar, 391 85
Åsa Landerholm, MD, 46103580000, asa.landerholm@regionkalmar.se
- Recruiting
Blekingesjukhuset Karlskrona
Karlskrona, 371 41
Joseph Aked, MD PhD, 46455731000, joseph.aked@regionblekinge.se
- Recruiting
Blekingesjukhuset
Karlskrona
Katarina Widebrant, +455-73 10 53, katarina.widebrant@regionblekinge.se
Håkan Johansson, MD PhD
- Recruiting
Centralsjukhuset Karlstad
Karlstad, 651 85
Felix Andler, MD, 46108315000, felix.andler@regionvarmland.se
- Recruiting
Västmanlands sjukhus Köping
Köping, 731 81
Tommie Jagestad, 4622126000, tommie.jagestad@regionvastmanland.se
- Recruiting
Centralsjukhuset Kristianstad
Kristianstad
Liliana-Alina Pasca, +44-309 11 03, liliana-alina.pasca@skane.se
Jon Paradis
- Recruiting
Kungälvs sjukhus
Kungälv, 442 83
Monira Rasek, 4630398000, monira.rasekh@vgregion.se
- Recruiting
Univeristetssjukhuset Linköping
Linköping, 581 85
Avan Sabir Rashid, MD, 46101030000, avan.sabir.rashid@regionostergotland.se
- Recruiting
Ljungby Lasarett
Ljungby, 341 35
Bartosz Chlopicki, MD, PhD, 46372505000, bartosz.chlopicki@kronoberg.se
- Recruiting
Skåne University Hospital Lund Neurosurgery dept
Lund
Susanne Månsson, +46-17 12 18, susanne.e.mansson@skane.se
Nathanael Göransson, MD
- Recruiting
Skåne University Hospital Lund
Lund
Dren Bashota, +46-17 12 84, dren.bashota@skane.se
Gunnar Andsberg, MD PhD
- Recruiting
Region Skåne, Skåne University Hospital in Malmö, Department of Neurology
Malmö, 20502
Teresa Ullberg, MD, PhD, +4646175057, i-catcher@med.lu.se
Trine Apostolaki-Hansson, MD PhD
- Recruiting
Mölndals Sjukhus
Mölndal, 431 80
Linda Karlsson Lindahl, PhD, 46313433100, linda.karlsson.lindahl@vgregion.se
- Recruiting
Universitetssjukhuset Örebro
Örebro, 701 85
Kristin Hellfeldt, 461960210, kristin.hellfeldt@regionorebrolan.se
- Recruiting
Oskarshamn Sjukhus
Oskarshamn, 572 28
Bongomin Churchill Otto, MD, 46103580000, bongomin.otto@regionkalmar.se
- Recruiting
Östersunds Lasarett
Östersund
Linda Wiklund, +63153008, linda.wiklund@regionjh.se
Joachim Ögren, MD PhD
- Recruiting
Skaraborgs Sjukhus Skövde
Skövde, 541 85
Alexander Johansson, 46500431000, alexander.p.johansson@vgregion.se
- Recruiting
Capio St Görans Sjukhus
Stockholm, 112 81
Nina Moeini, 46858701000, nina.moeini@capiostgoran.se
- Recruiting
Södersjukhuset
Stockholm, 118 83
Oana Romanitan, MD, PhD, 46812361000, mihaela.romanitan@regionstockholm.se
- Recruiting
Karolinska Universitetssjukhuset Solna
Stockholm, 171 76
Michael Mazya, MD, 46812370000, michael.mazya@regionstockholm.se
- Recruiting
Danderyds sjukhus
Stockholm, 182 88
Magnus Thorén, MD PhD, 46812355000, magnus.thoren@regionstockholm.se
- Recruiting
Länssjukhuset Sundsvall
Sundsvall
Elizabeth Morena Fors, +60-18 10 00, elizabeth.morena.fors@rvn.se
Vincy Eklöf, MD PhD
- Recruiting
Norra Älvsborgs Länssjukhus
Trollhättan, 461 85
Peter Puhlmann, MD, 46104350000, peter.puhlmann@vgregion.se
- Recruiting
Norrlands Universitetssjukhus
Umeå
Mariann Haapalahti, +90-785 00 00, mariann.haapalahti@regionvasterbotten.se
Johan Birnefeld, MD
- Recruiting
Lasarettet i Enköping
Uppsala, 751 85
Gjorgi Mihajlovski, MD, 46171418000, gjorgi.mihajlovski@regionuppsala.se
- Recruiting
Akademiska Sjukhuset Uppsal
Uppsala, 75185
Signild Åsberg, MD, PhD, 46186110000, signild.asberg@medsci.uu.se
- Recruiting
Hallands sjukhus Varberg
Varberg, 43237
Rubincho Milenkoski, MD, 46340481000, Rubincho.Milenkoski@regionhalland.se
- Recruiting
Värnamo sjukhus
Värnamo, 331 85
Felicia Morar, 46102410000, felicia.morar@rjl.se
- Recruiting
Västerås
Västerås, 721 89
Per Lenngren, 4621173000, per.lenngren.hysing@regionvastmanland.se
- Recruiting
Centrallasarettet Växjö
Vaxjo
Anette Borland, +470-58 80 00, anette.borland@kronoberg.se
Johan Weber, MD
- Recruiting
Ystads lasarett
Ystad
Lovisa Åhlin Billeskalns, +411-99 52 92, lovisa.billeskalns@skane.se
Martin Ekdahl, MD
Italy5 sites, 5 recruiting
- Recruiting
Avezzano Ospedale SS. Filippo e Nicola
Avezzano, 67051
Simona Sacco, MD, +39 0863 4991, simona.sacco@univaq.it
Raffaele Ornello, MD
- Recruiting
Citta di Castello Ospedale Città di Castello
Città di Castello, 06012
Silvia Cenciarelli, MD, +39 075 8932278, silvia.cenciarelli@uslumbria1.it
+39 075 9270801
- Recruiting
Gubbio Ospedale di Gubbio e Gualdo Tadino
Gubbio, Italy
Tatiana Mazzoli, MD, +39 075 5411, tatiana.mazzoli@uslumbria1.it
- Recruiting
Azienda Ospedaliera Santa Maria della Misericordia Perugia
Perugia, 06129
Alessandro Bufi, MD, +39 075 5782266, alessandro.bufi147@gmail.com
Valeria Caso
- Recruiting
Roma Policlinico Gemelli
Roma, 00136
Giovanni Frisullo, MD, +39 06 30151, Giovanni.frisullo@policlinicogemelli.it
Australia3 sites, 3 recruiting
- Recruiting
Royal Adelaide Hospital
Adelaide, 5000
Timothy Kleinig, Prof, +61 8 7074 2903, Timothy.Kleinig@sa.gov.au
- Recruiting
Monash Medical Centre
Clayton, 3168
Henry Ma, Prof, +61 3 8572 2131, Henry.Ma@monashhealth.org
- Not yet recruiting
The George Institute for Global Health
Sydney, NSW 2000
Menglu Ouyang, PhD, MPH, 0061280524808, mouyang@georgeinstitute.org.au
Menglu Ouyang, PhD, MPH
Canada3 sites, 3 recruiting
- Recruiting
Health Sciences North/Health Sciences North Research Institute
Greater Sudbury, Ontario, P3E 5J1
Ravinder Singh, MD, 705-523-7300 ext. 1932, ravsingh@hsnsudbury.ca
- Recruiting
Hamilton General Hospital
Hamilton, Ontario, L8L 2X2
Aristeidis Katsanos, MD, PhD, 905-521-2100 ext. 44132, Aristeidis.Katsanos@phri.ca
- Recruiting
Ottawa Hospital Research Institute
Ottawa, Ontario, K1Y 4E9
Dar Dowlatshahi, MD PhD FRCPC, +1 613-761-4709, ddowlat@toh.ca
Malaysia2 sites, 2 recruiting
- Recruiting
National University of Malaysia Hospital
Kuala Lumpur, 56000
Zhe Kang Law, MD MRCP FRCP PhD, +601126384288, zhe.kanglaw@hctm.ukm.edu.my
- Recruiting
Universiti Putra Malaysia Hospital
Serdang, 43400
Abdul Hanif Khan Bin Yusof Khan, MD, +60192671685, ahanifkhan@upm.edu.my
United States1 site, 1 recruiting
- Recruiting
The University of Oklahoma Health
Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, 73126-0901
Faddi G. Saleh Velez, MD, 405-271-4113, Faddi-SalehVelez@ou.edu
Hong Kong1 site, 1 recruiting
- Recruiting
Hong Kong University Hospital
Hong Kong
Kay Cheong Teo, MD, (+852) 2255 3749, kcteo@hku.hk
Iceland1 site, 1 recruiting
- Recruiting
Landspitali University Hospital
Reykjavik, 105
Björn Logi Þórarinsson, MD MSc FESO, +354 8253850
About this study
Official title: International Care Bundle Evaluation in Cerebral Hemorrhage Research - a Batched Parallel Cluster-randomized Trial With a Baseline Period
Spontaneous intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) accounts for approximately 10-15% of all strokes but stands for 50% of stroke-related morbidity and mortality. Approximately half of all patients with ICH have a decreased level of consciousness at hospital admission. Despite this, intensive care and neurosurgical interventions are uncommon. A study conducted in low- and middle-income countries has demonstrated a beneficial effect of a treatment package consisting of early intensive blood pressure lowering, as well as the treatment of pyrexia and elevated blood glucose levels. The I-CATCHER team is now planning to conduct a similar study in Sweden and Australia, as well as in other high-income countries. The study has a clear focus on implementation, aiming to improve treatment and prognosis for patients with ICH within a few years. The purpose of I-CATCHER is to investigate whether a structured treatment package (Care Bundle) improves 3-month prognosis in patients with spontaneous ICH compared to standard care.
Read the detailed description
Spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) accounts for 10 to 15% of all strokes in high-income countries (HIC), and nearly twice this number in low-income to upper-middle-income countries (LMIC) (29.5%). It is the most devastating type of stroke given the high one-month case fatality of approximately 30-40%, and only 12-39% suffer persistent disability.
Despite several advances in the management of acute ischemic stroke supported by numerous randomized controlled trials (RCT), progress in establishing novel interventions to improve outcomes for ICH has been slow. Still today, the diagnosis of ICH evokes pessimism among treating physicians, and patients may be withheld guideline adherent treatment for this reason. This nihilistic approach is presumably due to an over-estimation of poor outcome, often influenced by the neurologically devastating features commonly present at ICH admission. Additionally, the scarcity of RCTs providing strong evidence for treatment recommendations may contribute to a more reluctant approach in the acute setting of ICH, particularly when presenting with debilitating symptoms.
The third INTEnsive care bundle with BP reduction in acute cerebral hemorrhage trial (INTERACT3) was recently published in 2023. This trial employed a stepped wedge cluster RCT design to evaluate the implementation of a Care Bundle protocol. This comprehensive protocol included early intensive BP lowering (EIBPL), management of pyrexia and hyperglycemia, and the early reversal of OAC treatment. The design of this trial drew inspiration from a post-hoc analysis of the INTERACT2 study that showed that the scoring of abnormal baseline variables, interventions included in the future INTERACT3 Care Bundle, independently predicted a poor functional outcome following ICH. The implementation of the time sensitive bundle of care in INTERACT3 resulted in an improved functional outcome at 6 months following ICH. However, as the trial included patients predominantly from LMIC, further studies are warranted to determine if these results are applicable to HIC with a more applicable Care Bundle for these populations. An earlier intervention study from the United Kingdom, published in 2019, studied a similar 'quality improvement' acute Care Bundle. This Care Bundle aimed to improve the speed of treatment delivery, access to acute care, and decrease case fatality following ICH. Despite certain limitations, including a non-randomized design, this study demonstrated significantly lower mortality rates in patients receiving the Care Bundle versus the pre-implementation standard of care.
I-CATCHER is an international, multicenter, batched, parallel, cluster, randomized clinical trial (RCT) to assess a multifaceted package of protocols in a broad range of patients with acute ICH. In each batch, hospitals will be randomized into two groups according to the timing of the intervention (Care Bundle) over 3 phases (phase 1: usual care, phase 2: randomized evaluation - to intervention or usual care, phase 3: post-implementation follow-up - all hospitals implement the intervention). This design will capture consecutive patients with ICH and allow continued intervention in perpetuity as more hospitals join. Compared to a conventional stepped-wedge cluster RCT, the intervention effect in this design is less likely to be confounded by background temporal trends as only baseline and parallel comparison data (first 2 periods in bold black frame) are used to determine the effectiveness of the Care Bundle. All hospitals will be exposed to the Care Bundle which allows assessment of sustainability and integration of the intervention into routine practice. Each batch period is 18 months (6 months per phase); whole study will be rolled out in 2.5 years.
This design involves implementation of an intervention package applied to all patients with ICH as part of routine care. Patients are only excluded if they refuse to have details of their management included and/or participate in follow-up procedures.
Study site inclusion criteria: Organized systems of acute stroke care; no established comprehensive protocols for the management of ICH; suitable location, infrastructure and willingness to participate in clinical research; suitable numbers of ICH patients (at least 30 per year).
Patient inclusion criteria: Adults (≥18 years) with spontaneous ICH confirmed by imaging and admitted hospital within 24 hours of the onset of symptoms.
- Conditions
- Intracerebral Hemorrhage, Intracerebral Haemorrhage, Intraventricular Hemorrhage, Stroke, Cerebrovascular Disease
- Being tested
- Reversal of Oral anticoagulation within 30 minutes, Early intensive blood pressure lowering, Treatment of pyrexia, Hyperglycemia treatment, Do-not-resuscitate (DNR) or withdrawal of care
- Keywords
- intracerebral hemorrhage, oral anticoagulant, blood pressure lowering, early intensive blood pressure lowering, care bundle, implementation study, reversal treatment, outcome, UW-mRS, Modified Rankin Scale
- Medical subject headings
- Cerebral Hemorrhage, Stroke, Cerebrovascular Disorders
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Reversal of Oral anticoagulation within 30 minutesOther
Also called OAC reversal
In situations of either an elevated INR with the use of warfarin - treatment with either 3- or 4-factor prothrombin complex concentrate (PCC) or fresh frozen plasma (FFP) within 30 minutes of ICH diagnosis on NCCT to reach and maintain an INR target <1.3; or where there has been recent use (<48 hours) of a direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC), use of an appropriate reversal agent within 30 minutes, where available, and according to local approvals.
Early intensive blood pressure loweringOther
A systolic blood pressure (BP) target of 130-140 mmHg within 30 minutes of ICH diagnosis on NCCT is strived for, and to maintain this BP level for the first 7 days (for patients presenting with blood pressure <200 mmHg). If blood pressure ≥200 and <220, a target BP of 160 mmHg should be targeted at 30 minutes, and 130-140 mmHg should be achieved in 60 minutes. If BP ≥220, target BP of 160 mmHg and should be achieved in 60 minutes.
Treatment of pyrexiaOther
To achieve a body temperature target <37.5 °C within the first 24h following ICH diagnosis on NCCT
Hyperglycemia treatmentOther
To maintain a blood glucose level 7-10 mmol/L within the first 24h following ICH diagnosis on NCCT
Do-not-resuscitate (DNR) or withdrawal of careOther
Refrain from the use of DNR or withdrawal of care orders for 48 hours
Referral to Intensive CareOther
Immediate (<30 min) referral to intensive care if airway, breathing and/or circulation are compromized
Referral to NeurosurgeryOther
Immediate (<30 min) referral to neurosurgery if any of the following criteria are fulfilled:
- Large and/or rapidly evolving supratentorial ICH (>20 ml volume)
- Any intraventricular extension
- Posterior fossa bleed, irrespective of volume
- Suspicion of a vascular malformation, independent of volume or location
- Reduction in reaction to sensory stimulation or drowsiness
Repeat brain imagingDiagnostic test
Repeat 6-12-hour brain imaging with the physicians choice of modality, preferably computed tomography (CT), if clinical deterioration or the patient received OAC reversal treatment
Standard careOther
For patients in the usual-care group, decisions about the location of care delivery, investigations, monitoring, and all treatments are made by the treating clinical team. Data will be collected regarding the management of patients, including insertion of invasive monitoring devices, intravenous fluid resuscitation, BP lowering, vasoactive support, glycemic control, mechanical ventilation, neurosurgery, and other supportive therapy.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Intervention group | Active comparator | A range of implementation methods will be used to introduce an active Care Bundle with time- and target-based metrics that involve the rapid correction of abnormal physiological variables over days or hospital discharge (or death, if sooner) and referral pathways Receives: Other: Reversal of Oral anticoagulation within 30 minutes; Other: Early intensive blood pressure lowering; Other: Treatment of pyrexia; Other: Hyperglycemia treatment; Other: Do-not-resuscitate (DNR) or withdrawal of care; Other: Referral to Intensive Care; Other: Referral to Neurosurgery; Diagnostic Test: Repeat brain imaging |
| Usual care | Placebo comparator | For patients in the usual-care group, decisions about the location of care delivery, investigations, monitoring, and all treatments are made by the treating clinical team. Data will be collected regarding the management of patients, including insertion of invasive monitoring devices, intravenous fluid resuscitation, BP lowering, vasoactive support, glycemic control, mechanical ventilation, neurosurgery, and other supportive therapy. Receives: Other: Standard care |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Evaluation of functional outcome based on the Utility Weighted modified Rankin Scale score
The modified Rankin Scale (mRS) is an efficient, reliable, and simple functional outcome measure widely used as a primary endpoint in clinical trials for acute stroke. However, being an ordered categorical scale, it may not reflect potentially unequal differences in perceived quality of life associated with certain 1-point shifts vs others. Utility-weighted mRS is a score that weighs the mRS against a health utility scale, which defined as the desirability of a specific health outcome, facilitates comparisons of health-related quality of life across an array of clinical settings. Utility weights, as referred to hereafter, reflect the spectrum between perfect health (a score of 1) and outcomes worse than death (where death is a score of 0 and negative values indicate an outcome worse than death). The primary outcome is UW-mRS at 3 months and will be analyzed by means of a linear regression, with mRS as a dependent variable with 7 levels (0 [no residual symptom] to 6 [death]).
Measured: 180±30 days
Secondary outcomes (4)
Ordinal shift analysis of mRS
The assessment of shifts in the distribution of mRS scores through the evaluation of scores in ordinal groups
Measured: 180 days±30 days
Assessment of health-related quality of life (HRQoL)
This will be assessed using the EuroQoL Group 5-Dimension self-report questionnaire (EQ-5D). The VAS is a scale from 0 (worst imaginable health state) to 100 (best imaginable health state).
Measured: 180 days±30 days
Poor outcome defined as mRS 3-6
Binary secondary outcomes will be analyzed by means of standard GEE or random-effects regression with a logistic link and/or time-to-event type endpoints using the Cox model with a sandwich formula or a frailty model.
Measured: 180 days±30 days
Separate outcomes for death and disability
Binary secondary outcomes will be analyzed by means of standard GEE or random-effects regression with a logistic link and/or time-to-event type endpoints using the Cox model with a sandwich formula or a frailty model.
Measured: 180 days±30 days
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted24 May 2024
- Study start7 Jan 2025
- Primary completion1 Mar 2027 (estimated)
- Study completionJul 2027 (estimated)
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (9)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Intracerebral HemorrhageStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase 4
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Model description
- international multicentre, batched, cluster. Patients are not randomized, hospitals will be randomized. In each batch, hospitals are randomized into two groups according to the timing of the intervention (Care Bundle) over 3 phases (usual care, randomized evaluation, post-implementation follow-up): Phase 1 - baseline routine data collection, training and formative study (assess context and local resources, support adjustment of the protocol into local pathways) Phase 2 - start intervention implementation in the intervention group, data collection for comparison with usual care in the control group Phase 3 - all hospitals implement the intervention, data collection for quality improvement, assess sustainability and integration
- Masking
- Single blind
- Who is masked
- Outcomes assessor
- Enrolment
- 3,500 participants (estimated)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Region Skane
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- The George Institute for Global Health, Australia, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06429332
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 2024-02523-01
- Acronym
- I-CATCHER
- Status last verified
- May 2025
- First submitted
- 14 May 2024
- Last updated
- 22 May 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- Yes
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Publications
GBD 2019 Stroke Collaborators. Global, regional, and national burden of stroke and its risk factors, 1990-2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. Lancet Neurol. 2021 Oct;20(10):795-820. doi: 10.1016/S1474-4422(21)00252-0. Epub 2021 Sep 3.
PubMed 34487721Qureshi AI, Tuhrim S, Broderick JP, Batjer HH, Hondo H, Hanley DF. Spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage. N Engl J Med. 2001 May 10;344(19):1450-60. doi: 10.1056/NEJM200105103441907. No abstract available.
PubMed 11346811van Asch CJ, Luitse MJ, Rinkel GJ, van der Tweel I, Algra A, Klijn CJ. Incidence, case fatality, and functional outcome of intracerebral haemorrhage over time, according to age, sex, and ethnic origin: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Neurol. 2010 Feb;9(2):167-76. doi: 10.1016/S1474-4422(09)70340-0. Epub 2010 Jan 5.
PubMed 20056489Parry-Jones AR, Sammut-Powell C, Paroutoglou K, Birleson E, Rowland J, Lee S, Cecchini L, Massyn M, Emsley R, Bray B, Patel H. An Intracerebral Hemorrhage Care Bundle Is Associated with Lower Case Fatality. Ann Neurol. 2019 Oct;86(4):495-503. doi: 10.1002/ana.25546. Epub 2019 Aug 16.
PubMed 31291031Hemphill JC 3rd, Newman J, Zhao S, Johnston SC. Hospital usage of early do-not-resuscitate orders and outcome after intracerebral hemorrhage. Stroke. 2004 May;35(5):1130-4. doi: 10.1161/01.STR.0000125858.71051.ca. Epub 2004 Mar 25.
PubMed 15044768Becker KJ, Baxter AB, Cohen WA, Bybee HM, Tirschwell DL, Newell DW, Winn HR, Longstreth WT Jr. Withdrawal of support in intracerebral hemorrhage may lead to self-fulfilling prophecies. Neurology. 2001 Mar 27;56(6):766-72. doi: 10.1212/wnl.56.6.766.
PubMed 11274312Zahuranec DB, Brown DL, Lisabeth LD, Gonzales NR, Longwell PJ, Smith MA, Garcia NM, Morgenstern LB. Early care limitations independently predict mortality after intracerebral hemorrhage. Neurology. 2007 May 15;68(20):1651-7. doi: 10.1212/01.wnl.0000261906.93238.72.
PubMed 17502545Song L, Hu X, Ma L, Chen X, Ouyang M, Billot L, Li Q, Munoz-Venturelli P, Abanto C, Pontes-Neto OM, Antonio A, Wasay M, Silva A, Thang NH, Pandian JD, Wahab KW, You C, Anderson CS; INTERACT3 investigators. INTEnsive care bundle with blood pressure reduction in acute cerebral hemorrhage trial (INTERACT3): study protocol for a pragmatic stepped-wedge cluster-randomized controlled trial. Trials. 2021 Dec 20;22(1):943. doi: 10.1186/s13063-021-05881-7.
PubMed 34930428Apostolaki-Hansson T, Ouyang M, Dowlatshahi D, Caso V, Bufi A, Law ZK, Billot L, Norrving B, Anderson CS, Ullberg T. International Care Bundle Evaluation in Cerebral Hemorrhage Research (I-CATCHER): Study protocol for a multicenter, batched, parallel, cluster-randomized trial with a baseline period. Int J Stroke. 2025 Aug;20(7):891-897. doi: 10.1177/17474930251342888. Epub 2025 May 12.
PubMed 40356012
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 22 May 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- International Care Bundle Evaluation in Cerebral Hemorrhage Research - a Batched Parallel Cluster-randomized Trial With a Baseline Period
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06429332
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- I-CATCHER / 2024-02523-01
- Conditions
- Intracerebral Hemorrhage, Intracerebral Haemorrhage, Intraventricular Hemorrhage, Stroke, Cerebrovascular Disease
- Keywords
- intracerebral hemorrhage, oral anticoagulant, blood pressure lowering, early intensive blood pressure lowering, care bundle, implementation study, reversal treatment, outcome
- Phase
- Phase 4
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Recruiting
- Enrolment
- 3,500 participants (estimated)
- Lead sponsor
- Region SkaneUniversity, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- The George Institute for Global Health, Australia, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute
- Study start
- 7 Jan 2025 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 1 Mar 2027 (estimated)
- Study completion
- Jul 2027 (estimated)
- First posted
- 24 May 2024 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
Spontaneous intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) accounts for approximately 10-15% of all strokes but stands for 50% of stroke-related morbidity and mortality. Approximately half of all patients with ICH have a decreased level of consciousness at hospital admission. Despite this, intensive care and neurosurgical interventions are uncommon. A study conducted in low- and middle-income countries has demonstrated a beneficial effect of a treatment package consisting of early intensive blood pressure lowering, as well as the treatment of pyrexia and elevated blood glucose levels. The I-CATCHER team is now planning to conduct a similar study in Sweden and Australia, as well as in other high-income countries. The study has a clear focus on implementation, aiming to improve treatment and prognosis for patients with ICH within a few years. The purpose of I-CATCHER is to investigate whether a structured treatment package (Care Bundle) improves 3-month prognosis in patients with spontaneous ICH compared to standard care.
Detailed description
Spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) accounts for 10 to 15% of all strokes in high-income countries (HIC), and nearly twice this number in low-income to upper-middle-income countries (LMIC) (29.5%). It is the most devastating type of stroke given the high one-month case fatality of approximately 30-40%, and only 12-39% suffer persistent disability.
Despite several advances in the management of acute ischemic stroke supported by numerous randomized controlled trials (RCT), progress in establishing novel interventions to improve outcomes for ICH has been slow. Still today, the diagnosis of ICH evokes pessimism among treating physicians, and patients may be withheld guideline adherent treatment for this reason. This nihilistic approach is presumably due to an over-estimation of poor outcome, often influenced by the neurologically devastating features commonly present at ICH admission. Additionally, the scarcity of RCTs providing strong evidence for treatment recommendations may contribute to a more reluctant approach in the acute setting of ICH, particularly when presenting with debilitating symptoms.
The third INTEnsive care bundle with BP reduction in acute cerebral hemorrhage trial (INTERACT3) was recently published in 2023. This trial employed a stepped wedge cluster RCT design to evaluate the implementation of a Care Bundle protocol. This comprehensive protocol included early intensive BP lowering (EIBPL), management of pyrexia and hyperglycemia, and the early reversal of OAC treatment. The design of this trial drew inspiration from a post-hoc analysis of the INTERACT2 study that showed that the scoring of abnormal baseline variables, interventions included in the future INTERACT3 Care Bundle, independently predicted a poor functional outcome following ICH. The implementation of the time sensitive bundle of care in INTERACT3 resulted in an improved functional outcome at 6 months following ICH. However, as the trial included patients predominantly from LMIC, further studies are warranted to determine if these results are applicable to HIC with a more applicable Care Bundle for these populations. An earlier intervention study from the United Kingdom, published in 2019, studied a similar 'quality improvement' acute Care Bundle. This Care Bundle aimed to improve the speed of treatment delivery, access to acute care, and decrease case fatality following ICH. Despite certain limitations, including a non-randomized design, this study demonstrated significantly lower mortality rates in patients receiving the Care Bundle versus the pre-implementation standard of care.
I-CATCHER is an international, multicenter, batched, parallel, cluster, randomized clinical trial (RCT) to assess a multifaceted package of protocols in a broad range of patients with acute ICH. In each batch, hospitals will be randomized into two groups according to the timing of the intervention (Care Bundle) over 3 phases (phase 1: usual care, phase 2: randomized evaluation - to intervention or usual care, phase 3: post-implementation follow-up - all hospitals implement the intervention). This design will capture consecutive patients with ICH and allow continued intervention in perpetuity as more hospitals join. Compared to a conventional stepped-wedge cluster RCT, the intervention effect in this design is less likely to be confounded by background temporal trends as only baseline and parallel comparison data (first 2 periods in bold black frame) are used to determine the effectiveness of the Care Bundle. All hospitals will be exposed to the Care Bundle which allows assessment of sustainability and integration of the intervention into routine practice. Each batch period is 18 months (6 months per phase); whole study will be rolled out in 2.5 years.
This design involves implementation of an intervention package applied to all patients with ICH as part of routine care. Patients are only excluded if they refuse to have details of their management included and/or participate in follow-up procedures.
Study site inclusion criteria: Organized systems of acute stroke care; no established comprehensive protocols for the management of ICH; suitable location, infrastructure and willingness to participate in clinical research; suitable numbers of ICH patients (at least 30 per year).
Patient inclusion criteria: Adults (≥18 years) with spontaneous ICH confirmed by imaging and admitted hospital within 24 hours of the onset of symptoms.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind (outcomes assessor)
- Number of arms
- 2
- Model description
- international multicentre, batched, cluster. Patients are not randomized, hospitals will be randomized. In each batch, hospitals are randomized into two groups according to the timing of the intervention (Care Bundle) over 3 phases (usual care, randomized evaluation, post-implementation follow-up): Phase 1 - baseline routine data collection, training and formative study (assess context and local resources, support adjustment of the protocol into local pathways) Phase 2 - start intervention implementation in the intervention group, data collection for comparison with usual care in the control group Phase 3 - all hospitals implement the intervention, data collection for quality improvement, assess sustainability and integration
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Intervention group | Active comparator | Other: Reversal of Oral anticoagulation within 30 minutes, Other: Early intensive blood pressure lowering, Other: Treatment of pyrexia, Other: Hyperglycemia treatment, Other: Do-not-resuscitate (DNR) or withdrawal of care, Other: Referral to Intensive Care, Other: Referral to Neurosurgery, Diagnostic Test: Repeat brain imagingA range of implementation methods will be used to introduce an active Care Bundle with time- and target-based metrics that involve the rapid correction of abnormal physiological variables over days or hospital discharge (or death, if sooner) and referral pathways |
| Usual care | Placebo comparator | Other: Standard careFor patients in the usual-care group, decisions about the location of care delivery, investigations, monitoring, and all treatments are made by the treating clinical team. Data will be collected regarding the management of patients, including insertion of invasive monitoring devices, intravenous fluid resuscitation, BP lowering, vasoactive support, glycemic control, mechanical ventilation, neurosurgery, and other supportive therapy. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 years and older
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (3 listed)
- Adults (age ≥18 years)
- Non-contrast computerized tomography (NCCT) imaging-verified diagnosis of spontaneous intracerebral haemorrhage
- ≤24 hours from symptom onset or presumed symptom onset (last seen well)
Key exclusion criteria (5 listed)
- Previous care limitation
- End-stage comorbidity with short life-expectancy (<6 m; e.g. terminal cancer)
- ICH caused by brain tumor or cerebral venous thrombosis
- Clinical signs of brain herniation at first presentation (unresponsive patient with bilaterally fixed, maximally dilated pupils)
- Pregnant women beyond 22 weeks gestation may only be included after thorough discussion with an obstetrician to determine risks vs benefit.
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Reversal of Oral anticoagulation within 30 minutesAlso: OAC reversalIn situations of either an elevated INR with the use of warfarin - treatment with either 3- or 4-factor prothrombin complex concentrate (PCC) or fresh frozen plasma (FFP) within 30 minutes of ICH diagnosis on NCCT to reach and maintain an INR target <1.3; or where there has been recent use (<48 hours) of a direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC), use of an appropriate reversal agent within 30 minutes, where available, and according to local approvals. | Other | Intervention group |
| Early intensive blood pressure loweringA systolic blood pressure (BP) target of 130-140 mmHg within 30 minutes of ICH diagnosis on NCCT is strived for, and to maintain this BP level for the first 7 days (for patients presenting with blood pressure <200 mmHg). If blood pressure ≥200 and <220, a target BP of 160 mmHg should be targeted at 30 minutes, and 130-140 mmHg should be achieved in 60 minutes. If BP ≥220, target BP of 160 mmHg and should be achieved in 60 minutes. | Other | Intervention group |
| Treatment of pyrexiaTo achieve a body temperature target <37.5 °C within the first 24h following ICH diagnosis on NCCT | Other | Intervention group |
| Hyperglycemia treatmentTo maintain a blood glucose level 7-10 mmol/L within the first 24h following ICH diagnosis on NCCT | Other | Intervention group |
| Do-not-resuscitate (DNR) or withdrawal of careRefrain from the use of DNR or withdrawal of care orders for 48 hours | Other | Intervention group |
| Referral to Intensive CareImmediate (<30 min) referral to intensive care if airway, breathing and/or circulation are compromized | Other | Intervention group |
| Referral to NeurosurgeryImmediate (<30 min) referral to neurosurgery if any of the following criteria are fulfilled: * Large and/or rapidly evolving supratentorial ICH (>20 ml volume) * Any intraventricular extension * Posterior fossa bleed, irrespective of volume * Suspicion of a vascular malformation, independent of volume or location * Reduction in reaction to sensory stimulation or drowsiness | Other | Intervention group |
| Repeat brain imagingRepeat 6-12-hour brain imaging with the physicians choice of modality, preferably computed tomography (CT), if clinical deterioration or the patient received OAC reversal treatment | Diagnostic test | Intervention group |
| Standard careFor patients in the usual-care group, decisions about the location of care delivery, investigations, monitoring, and all treatments are made by the treating clinical team. Data will be collected regarding the management of patients, including insertion of invasive monitoring devices, intravenous fluid resuscitation, BP lowering, vasoactive support, glycemic control, mechanical ventilation, neurosurgery, and other supportive therapy. | Other | Usual care |
Primary outcome
Evaluation of functional outcome based on the Utility Weighted modified Rankin Scale score
Time frame: 180±30 days
The modified Rankin Scale (mRS) is an efficient, reliable, and simple functional outcome measure widely used as a primary endpoint in clinical trials for acute stroke. However, being an ordered categorical scale, it may not reflect potentially unequal differences in perceived quality of life associated with certain 1-point shifts vs others. Utility-weighted mRS is a score that weighs the mRS against a health utility scale, which defined as the desirability of a specific health outcome, facilitates comparisons of health-related quality of life across an array of clinical settings. Utility weights, as referred to hereafter, reflect the spectrum between perfect health (a score of 1) and outcomes worse than death (where death is a score of 0 and negative values indicate an outcome worse than death). The primary outcome is UW-mRS at 3 months and will be analyzed by means of a linear regression, with mRS as a dependent variable with 7 levels (0 [no residual symptom] to 6 [death]).
4 secondary outcomes
Ordinal shift analysis of mRS
Time frame: 180 days±30 days
Assessment of health-related quality of life (HRQoL)
Time frame: 180 days±30 days
Poor outcome defined as mRS 3-6
Time frame: 180 days±30 days
Separate outcomes for death and disability
Time frame: 180 days±30 days
Results and safety
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 22 May 2026.
- Background: PubMed 34487721GBD 2019 Stroke Collaborators. Global, regional, and national burden of stroke and its risk factors, 1990-2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. Lancet Neurol. 2021 Oct;20(10):795-820. doi: 10.1016/S1474-4422(21)00252-0. Epub 2021 Sep 3.
- Background: PubMed 11346811Qureshi AI, Tuhrim S, Broderick JP, Batjer HH, Hondo H, Hanley DF. Spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage. N Engl J Med. 2001 May 10;344(19):1450-60. doi: 10.1056/NEJM200105103441907. No abstract available.
- Background: PubMed 20056489van Asch CJ, Luitse MJ, Rinkel GJ, van der Tweel I, Algra A, Klijn CJ. Incidence, case fatality, and functional outcome of intracerebral haemorrhage over time, according to age, sex, and ethnic origin: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Neurol. 2010 Feb;9(2):167-76. doi: 10.1016/S1474-4422(09)70340-0. Epub 2010 Jan 5.
- Background: PubMed 31291031Parry-Jones AR, Sammut-Powell C, Paroutoglou K, Birleson E, Rowland J, Lee S, Cecchini L, Massyn M, Emsley R, Bray B, Patel H. An Intracerebral Hemorrhage Care Bundle Is Associated with Lower Case Fatality. Ann Neurol. 2019 Oct;86(4):495-503. doi: 10.1002/ana.25546. Epub 2019 Aug 16.
- Background: PubMed 15044768Hemphill JC 3rd, Newman J, Zhao S, Johnston SC. Hospital usage of early do-not-resuscitate orders and outcome after intracerebral hemorrhage. Stroke. 2004 May;35(5):1130-4. doi: 10.1161/01.STR.0000125858.71051.ca. Epub 2004 Mar 25.
- Background: PubMed 11274312Becker KJ, Baxter AB, Cohen WA, Bybee HM, Tirschwell DL, Newell DW, Winn HR, Longstreth WT Jr. Withdrawal of support in intracerebral hemorrhage may lead to self-fulfilling prophecies. Neurology. 2001 Mar 27;56(6):766-72. doi: 10.1212/wnl.56.6.766.
- Background: PubMed 17502545Zahuranec DB, Brown DL, Lisabeth LD, Gonzales NR, Longwell PJ, Smith MA, Garcia NM, Morgenstern LB. Early care limitations independently predict mortality after intracerebral hemorrhage. Neurology. 2007 May 15;68(20):1651-7. doi: 10.1212/01.wnl.0000261906.93238.72.
- Background: PubMed 34930428Song L, Hu X, Ma L, Chen X, Ouyang M, Billot L, Li Q, Munoz-Venturelli P, Abanto C, Pontes-Neto OM, Antonio A, Wasay M, Silva A, Thang NH, Pandian JD, Wahab KW, You C, Anderson CS; INTERACT3 investigators. INTEnsive care bundle with blood pressure reduction in acute cerebral hemorrhage trial (INTERACT3): study protocol for a pragmatic stepped-wedge cluster-randomized controlled trial. Trials. 2021 Dec 20;22(1):943. doi: 10.1186/s13063-021-05881-7.
- Derived from this study: PubMed 40356012Apostolaki-Hansson T, Ouyang M, Dowlatshahi D, Caso V, Bufi A, Law ZK, Billot L, Norrving B, Anderson CS, Ullberg T. International Care Bundle Evaluation in Cerebral Hemorrhage Research (I-CATCHER): Study protocol for a multicenter, batched, parallel, cluster-randomized trial with a baseline period. Int J Stroke. 2025 Aug;20(7):891-897. doi: 10.1177/17474930251342888. Epub 2025 May 12.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part.
Trine Apostolaki-Hansson, MD PhD contact
54 sites in 8 countries: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A Phase 4 study testing Reversal of Oral anticoagulation within 30 minutes, Early intensive blood pressure lowering and Treatment of pyrexia in people with Intracerebral Hemorrhage and Intracerebral Haemorrhage, run by Region Skane at 54 sites in 8 countries.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 3 inclusion and 5 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: looking for participants now, as of the sponsor's last update on 22 May 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 54 sites in Sweden, Italy, Australia, Canada, Malaysia and 3 more countries. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. Some participants in this study may receive a placebo. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
What does this phase mean?
Phase 4 studies take place after a treatment is approved, to learn more about its long-term benefits and risks in everyday use.
Not every study follows the same path, and some studies (observational studies, device studies) have no phase.
Are results available for this study?
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
Contact Teresa Ullberg, MD, PhD (0046175057, i-catcher@med.lu.se), or a site near the patient. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Evaluation of functional outcome based on the Utility Weighted modified Rankin Scale score (time frame: 180±30 days). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT06429332, which also lists 9 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 22 May 2026.