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Intrahepatic CholangiocarcinomaPhase 2NCT06370663

First-line Treatment for Unresectable Locally Advanced Distal Cholangiocarcinoma Combining Radiotherapy and HAIC

A Phase 2 study testing Radiotherapy, HAIC (GEMOX) and Chemotherapy in people with Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma, run by Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute at 1 site in China.

Terminated

Stopped early. The study ended before it was planned to and will not resume.

Official record
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Trial summary

The median survival of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma remains less than one year, highlighting the need for new treatments. Hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC), especially with fluoropyrimidine-based regimens, has shown promise in ICC treatment due to increased local drug concentration and reduced systemic… Read more about this study

Who is it for?
Ages 18 to 75 years
Conditions the study is for
Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma
What is being tested?
Radiotherapy, HAIC (GEMOX) and Chemotherapy
Could I receive a placebo?
No, everyone receives an active treatment
How many people
1 participants
Where
1 siteChina
Study dates
1 Apr 2024to 1 Jun 2024
Phase
Phase 2
Are there results?
None posted in the registry

Key requirements

Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.

  • Ages 18 to 75 years
  • All sexes
  • No healthy volunteers
  • Adult, Older adult

Who may be able to join

  • 18-75 years, both male and female.
  • Histologically or cytologically confirmed primary cholangiocarcinoma (including intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, hilar cholangiocarcinoma, and gallbladder carcinoma) or imaging-confirmed localized cholangiocarcinoma, staged as T1-4N0/N+M0 (according to AJCC 7th edition clinical staging).
  • Ineligible for surgical treatment or refusal of surgical treatment upon pre-treatment assessment.
  • Presence of measurable lesions as per RECIST v1.1 criteria for evaluation.
  • ECOG performance status: 0-1.
  • Expected survival of more than 6 months.
  • Tolerable function of major organs for treatment.
  • Non-surgically sterilized or premenopausal female patients need to use a medically accepted contraceptive method during the study treatment period and within 3 months after the end of the study treatment.

Who cannot join

  • Subjects with any active autoimmune disease or a history of autoimmune disease are excluded.
  • Patients with poorly controlled clinical symptoms or diseases related to the heart, such as:
  • NYHA Class 2 or above heart failure
  • Unstable angina
  • Myocardial infarction within the past year
  • Clinically significant ventricular or supraventricular arrhythmias requiring treatment or intervention
Show all 21Show fewer
  • QTc >450 ms (males); QTc >470 ms (females)
  • Abnormal coagulation function (INR >1.5 or PT >16s), bleeding tendencies, or receiving thrombolytic or anticoagulant therapy.
  • Subjects who have received radiation therapy, chemotherapy, steroid therapy, surgery, or molecular targeted therapy within less than 4 weeks (or 5 half-lives of the drug, whichever is longer) before the study drug's first dose, or who have not recovered from adverse events caused by previous treatment (excluding alopecia) to ≤Grade 1 according to CTCAE.
  • Subjects with clinically symptomatic ascites, pleural effusion, or pericardial effusion requiring therapeutic puncture or drainage. Those who have had stable ascites or effusion after drainage of pleural or pericardial effusion for at least 2 weeks before the first dose of the study drug can be included in the study.
  • Subjects with significant hemoptysis in the last 2 months or hemoptysis of half a teaspoon (2.5 ml) or more.
  • Known hereditary or acquired bleeding and thrombotic tendencies (such as hemophiliacs, coagulation disorders, thrombocytopenia, splenomegaly, etc.) or those who have had arterial or venous thrombotic events within the last 6 months (prior to first SHR-1210 administration).
  • Subjects with active infections or unexplained fever >38.5°C during screening or before the first dose of the study drug.
  • Patients with objective evidence of pulmonary fibrosis, interstitial pneumonia, pneumoconiosis, radiation pneumonitis, drug-related pneumonia, severe lung function impairment, etc., either historically or currently.
  • Subjects with congenital or acquired immunodeficiency (such as HIV infection) or active hepatitis (HBV reference: HBV DNA test value exceeds the upper limit of normal; HCV reference: HCV virus titer or RNA test value exceeds the upper limit of normal).
  • Use of other investigational drugs within 4 weeks prior to the first dose of the study drug.
  • Subjects with a history of or concurrent other malignancies (excluding cured basal cell carcinoma and cervical carcinoma in situ).
  • Subjects who may receive other systemic anti-tumor therapies during the study.
  • Subjects who have previously received PD-1 antibody therapy or immune therapy targeting PD-1/PD-L1.
  • Vaccination with live vaccines within less than 4 weeks before the study drug's administration or potentially during the study period.
  • Other factors judged by the investigator that may necessitate premature termination of the study.

Trial locations and contacts

1 site in 1 country.

China1 site
  • Jinbo Yue

    Jinan, Shandong, 250000

Other trials in China

About this study

Official title: A Single-arm, Exploratory Phase II Clinical Trial of Combined Radiotherapy and HAIC as First-line Treatment for Unresectable Locally Advanced Distal Cholangiocarcinoma

The median survival of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma remains less than one year, highlighting the need for new treatments. Hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC), especially with fluoropyrimidine-based regimens, has shown promise in ICC treatment due to increased local drug concentration and reduced systemic toxicity. A combined approach of radiotherapy and HAIC with gemcitabine infusion may offer a hopeful strategy for locally advanced cholangiocarcinoma. However, clinical research on this combination is lacking as first-line therapy for unresectable ICC. Therefore, a single-center, single-arm study aims to assess this treatment approach's safety, efficacy, and molecular predictors. Improved HAIC delivery through modified percutaneous implantation provides a reliable pathway for effective treatment. In conclusion, exploring the synergistic effects of radiotherapy and HAIC in ICC could pave the way for more effective and personalized treatment strategies for this challenging cancer type.

Read the detailed description

Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) ranks as the second most common primary liver cancer, constituting 15%-20% of malignant liver tumors, with a rising incidence trend. Unlike hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), ICC displays higher invasiveness and metastatic potential. Surgical resection remains the optimal treatment, yet many patients present with unresectable disease or metastasis, limiting surgical options. Chemotherapy, particularly the GC regimen, is standard for unresectable and metastatic ICC. Studies like ABC-02 have improved survival with GC chemotherapy compared to gemcitabine monotherapy. However, the median survival remains less than one year, highlighting the need for new treatments. Hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC), especially with fluoropyrimidine-based regimens, has shown promise in ICC treatment due to increased local drug concentration and reduced systemic toxicity. A combined approach of radiotherapy and HAIC with gemcitabine infusion may offer a hopeful strategy for locally advanced cholangiocarcinoma. However, clinical research on this combination is lacking as first-line therapy for unresectable ICC. Therefore, a single-center, single-arm study aims to assess this treatment approach's safety, efficacy, and molecular predictors. Improved HAIC delivery through modified percutaneous implantation provides a reliable pathway for effective treatment. In conclusion, exploring the synergistic effects of radiotherapy and HAIC in ICC could pave the way for more effective and personalized treatment strategies for this challenging cancer type.

Being tested
Radiotherapy, HAIC (GEMOX), Chemotherapy
Keywords
Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma, Radiotherapy, Hepatic Arterial Infusion Chemotherapy
Medical subject headings
Cholangiocarcinoma

What participants receive

What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.

  • RadiotherapyRadiation

    Also called Hepatic Arterial Infusion Chemotherapy (GEMOX), Chemotherapy (Gesitabine)

    Radiotherapy + Hepatic Arterial Infusion Chemotherapy (Gesitabine) + Chemotherapy (GEMOX)

  • HAIC (GEMOX)Drug

    Also called HAIC

    Hepatic Arterial Infusion Chemotherapy (GEMOX)

  • ChemotherapyDrug

    Also called Chemotherapy (Gesitabine)

    Chemotherapy (Gesitabine)

Study groups in NCT06370663
Study groupRoleWhat they receive
Radiotherapy plus HAICExperimentalRadiotherapy + Hepatic Arterial Infusion Chemotherapy (Gesitabine) + Chemotherapy (GEMOX)
Receives: Radiation: Radiotherapy; Drug: HAIC (GEMOX); Drug: Chemotherapy

What is being measured

The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.

  1. Adverse Events

    Assessing the severity of adverse events according to CTCAE v4.0.3 standards.

    Measured: 2 year

Secondary outcomes (1)
  1. Progression-Free Survival (PFS)

    the length of time during and after treatment with a medication or therapy that a patient lives with the disease without it progressing

    Measured: 2 year

Timeline

From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.

  1. First posted17 Apr 2024
  2. Study start1 Apr 2024
  3. Primary completion1 Jun 2024
  4. Study completion1 Jun 2024

Why it stopped: Study was terminated due to unacceptable treatment-related toxicity that raised safety concerns and outweighed the potential benefits.

Resources

More details

For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.

Study design
Study type
Interventional
Phase
Phase 2
Primary purpose
Treatment
Allocation
Not applicable
Intervention model
Single group
Model description
Combining radiotherapy with Hepatic Arterial Infusion Chemotherapy
Masking
None (open label)
Enrolment
1 participants (actual)
IDs, dates and publications
ClinicalTrials.gov ID
NCT06370663
Sponsor's protocol ID
SDZLEC2023-109-01
Status last verified
Jun 2025
First submitted
6 Apr 2024
Last updated
25 Jun 2025
Results posted
No
Data monitoring committee
No
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
Individual data sharing
No

Publications

  • Banales JM, Cardinale V, Carpino G, Marzioni M, Andersen JB, Invernizzi P, Lind GE, Folseraas T, Forbes SJ, Fouassier L, Geier A, Calvisi DF, Mertens JC, Trauner M, Benedetti A, Maroni L, Vaquero J, Macias RI, Raggi C, Perugorria MJ, Gaudio E, Boberg KM, Marin JJ, Alvaro D. Expert consensus document: Cholangiocarcinoma: current knowledge and future perspectives consensus statement from the European Network for the Study of Cholangiocarcinoma (ENS-CCA). Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2016 May;13(5):261-80. doi: 10.1038/nrgastro.2016.51. Epub 2016 Apr 20.

    PubMed 27095655
  • Valle J, Wasan H, Palmer DH, Cunningham D, Anthoney A, Maraveyas A, Madhusudan S, Iveson T, Hughes S, Pereira SP, Roughton M, Bridgewater J; ABC-02 Trial Investigators. Cisplatin plus gemcitabine versus gemcitabine for biliary tract cancer. N Engl J Med. 2010 Apr 8;362(14):1273-81. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa0908721.

    PubMed 20375404
  • Fiteni F, Nguyen T, Vernerey D, Paillard MJ, Kim S, Demarchi M, Fein F, Borg C, Bonnetain F, Pivot X. Cisplatin/gemcitabine or oxaliplatin/gemcitabine in the treatment of advanced biliary tract cancer: a systematic review. Cancer Med. 2014 Dec;3(6):1502-11. doi: 10.1002/cam4.299. Epub 2014 Aug 11.

    PubMed 25111859
  • Kim ST, Kang JH, Lee J, Lee HW, Oh SY, Jang JS, Lee MA, Sohn BS, Yoon SY, Choi HJ, Hong JH, Kim MJ, Kim S, Park YS, Park JO, Lim HY. Capecitabine plus oxaliplatin versus gemcitabine plus oxaliplatin as first-line therapy for advanced biliary tract cancers: a multicenter, open-label, randomized, phase III, noninferiority trial. Ann Oncol. 2019 May 1;30(5):788-795. doi: 10.1093/annonc/mdz058.

    PubMed 30785198
  • Le DT, Durham JN, Smith KN, Wang H, Bartlett BR, Aulakh LK, Lu S, Kemberling H, Wilt C, Luber BS, Wong F, Azad NS, Rucki AA, Laheru D, Donehower R, Zaheer A, Fisher GA, Crocenzi TS, Lee JJ, Greten TF, Duffy AG, Ciombor KK, Eyring AD, Lam BH, Joe A, Kang SP, Holdhoff M, Danilova L, Cope L, Meyer C, Zhou S, Goldberg RM, Armstrong DK, Bever KM, Fader AN, Taube J, Housseau F, Spetzler D, Xiao N, Pardoll DM, Papadopoulos N, Kinzler KW, Eshleman JR, Vogelstein B, Anders RA, Diaz LA Jr. Mismatch repair deficiency predicts response of solid tumors to PD-1 blockade. Science. 2017 Jul 28;357(6349):409-413. doi: 10.1126/science.aan6733. Epub 2017 Jun 8.

    PubMed 28596308
  • Zhang J, Wu L, Liu J, Lin M. A metastatic intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma treated with programmed cell death 1 inhibitor: a case report and literature review. Immunotherapy. 2020 Jun;12(8):555-561. doi: 10.2217/imt-2019-0100. Epub 2020 May 6.

    PubMed 32372672
  • Jarnagin WR, Schwartz LH, Gultekin DH, Gonen M, Haviland D, Shia J, D'Angelica M, Fong Y, DeMatteo R, Tse A, Blumgart LH, Kemeny N. Regional chemotherapy for unresectable primary liver cancer: results of a phase II clinical trial and assessment of DCE-MRI as a biomarker of survival. Ann Oncol. 2009 Sep;20(9):1589-1595. doi: 10.1093/annonc/mdp029. Epub 2009 Jun 2.

    PubMed 19491285
  • Konstantinidis IT, Groot Koerkamp B, Do RK, Gonen M, Fong Y, Allen PJ, D'Angelica MI, Kingham TP, DeMatteo RP, Klimstra DS, Kemeny NE, Jarnagin WR. Unresectable intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: Systemic plus hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy is associated with longer survival in comparison with systemic chemotherapy alone. Cancer. 2016 Mar 1;122(5):758-65. doi: 10.1002/cncr.29824. Epub 2015 Dec 22.

    PubMed 26695839
  • Blair AB, Alobuia WM, Palta M, Raman SS, Levine MH, Benson AB 3rd, D'Angelica MI, Cloyd JM. Locoregional Treatment Options for Locally Advanced Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma. J Natl Compr Canc Netw. 2025 Aug 14;23(9):e257085. doi: 10.6004/jnccn.2025.7085.

    PubMed 40812353

Questions about this trial

What is this clinical trial studying?

A Phase 2 study testing Radiotherapy, HAIC (GEMOX) and Chemotherapy in people with Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma, run by Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute at 1 site in China.

The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.

Who may be eligible to take part?

The sponsor lists 8 inclusion and 21 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.

Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?

The record says: stopped early, as of the sponsor's last update on 25 Jun 2025. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.

Where is the study taking place?

The record lists 1 site in China. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.

What are the possible benefits and risks?

They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.

What does this phase mean?

Phase 2 studies give the treatment to a larger group to see whether it has the intended effect and to keep checking safety.

Not every study follows the same path, and some studies (observational studies, device studies) have no phase.

Are results available for this study?

The study was stopped early (reason given: Study was terminated due to unacceptable treatment-related toxicity that raised safety concerns and outweighed the potential benefits.). Results are not available in the source record.

How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?

The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.

What does the primary outcome measure?

Adverse Events (time frame: 2 year). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.

Where can I read the original study information?

On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT06370663, which also lists 9 linked publications.

Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?

No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.

How often is this information updated?

AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 25 Jun 2025.

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