Hepatocellular Carcinoma ResectableNCT06294808
Predicting Survival After Surgical Resection for the Entire Spectrum of Anatomically Resectable HCC
An observational study of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Resectable, run by National Cancer Centre, Singapore at 2 sites in Singapore.
Trial summary
Clinical outcomes after surgical resection in HCC is a continuum and is clearly related to tumor burden but needs better definition. The researchers describe the use of the "metro ticket" approach to analyze surgical outcomes over the whole spectrum of anatomically resectable HCC to define overall survival including… Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 21 to 80 years
- Conditions the study is for
- Hepatocellular Carcinoma Resectable
- How many people
- 1,043 participants
- Where
- 2 sitesSingapore
- Study dates
- 17 Jul 2017to 30 Jun 2020
- Phase
- Observational
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 21 to 80 years
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult, Older adult
Study population: Patients who underwent surgical resection (both open surgery and laparoscopic surgery) for HCC from 1st January 2000 to 30th June 2018 by the joint hepato-pancreato-biliary surgery service at the Singapore Healthcare Group of Hospitals (Singapore General Hospital and the National Cancer Centre Singapore).
Who may be able to join
- Unequivocal diagnosis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) by histology
- Patients who underwent surgical resection for HCC
Who cannot join
- Patients who underwent liver resection for other malignancies ie cholangiocarcinoma
- Patients with HCC who did not undergo liver resection.
- Patients with HCC who underwent liver transplant.
Trial locations and contacts
2 sites in 1 country.
Singapore2 sites
National Cancer Centre, Singapore
Singapore, 168583
Singapore General Hospital
Singapore, 169608
About this study
Official title: Predicting Survival After Surgical Resection for the Entire Spectrum of Anatomically Resectable HCC: a Metroticket Approach
Clinical outcomes after surgical resection in HCC is a continuum and is clearly related to tumor burden but needs better definition. The researchers describe the use of the "metro ticket" approach to analyze surgical outcomes over the whole spectrum of anatomically resectable HCC to define overall survival including intermediate stage tumors (BCLC B). The analysis the researchers provide in this study enables the clinician to select the optimal surgical resection candidate based on robust long term survival data.
In addition, study compares outcome for open surgery vs laparoscopic surgery, survival outcome for viral and non-viral HCC using Albumin-Bilirubin (ALBI) for more comprehensive study result.
Read more
On top of that, non-HBV, non-HCV (NBNC) hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is generally associated with poorer tumor characteristics. However, it remains unclear whether this leads to worse post-resection survival compared to viral-related HCC. This study evaluates the prognostic impact of viral status and liver function on post-resection survival outcomes between NBNC and viral HCC patients.
This retrospective study also aims to determine if HCC of viral and non-viral etiologies have different clinical outcomes after surgical resection when tumor burden and liver function are considered.
Read the detailed description
Patients who underwent surgical resection (both open surgery and laparoscopic surgery) for HCC from 1st January 2000 to 30th June 2018 by the joint hepato-pancreato-biliary surgery service at the Singapore Healthcare Group of Hospitals (Singapore General Hospital and the National Cancer Centre Singapore) were retrospectively identified from a prospectively kept institutional database.
The assessment of the size, number of nodules and vascular invasion of HCC were based on pre-operative CT/MRI imaging and pathological assessment of the resected specimens. All resections were histologically confirmed as HCC. Patients with macrovascular invasion and extrahepatic invasion were excluded from analysis as were patients resected for other palliative intents (e.g. ruptured HCC).
- Conditions
- Hepatocellular Carcinoma Resectable
- Keywords
- Metroticket Approach, Surgical Resection, Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC)
- Medical subject headings
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
5-year mortality.
Time between the respective surgery to the time of death. Bivariate contour plots of 5-year survival probability as a function of X = AFP concentration (ng/mL) and Y = tumor burden index (size of largest nodule + 2*number of nodules) (TBI) were obtained as smoothed contours originating from an empirically-derived bivariate 5-year survival distribution S(X,Y)=1- F(x ≤X,y ≤Y). The function F(x ≤X,y ≤Y) is the empirical, bivariate cumulative distribution of 5-year mortality as a function of X and Y defined over the domain (0<X≤5000,1≤Y≤15) in our patient cohort. All patients in our study cohort were followed up for at least 5 years following respective surgery which allowed estimation of actual all-cause 5-year mortality.
Measured: At least 5 years.
Concordance of pre-operative radiological and post operative surgical specimen.
The metro ticket modeling was based on tumour size and number of nodules extracted at pre-operative radiological imaging and post surgical pathology assessment. Continuous variables are summarized as mean, standard deviation, 25th and 75th percentiles, median and minimum and maximum. Categorical variables are summarized as counts (N) and percentages (%).
Measured: Through study completion, an average of 3 years.
Agreement between TBI calculated from pre-operative imaging versus those obtained from post-surgical pathological assessment.
Bland-Altman analysis, which is based on a simple but effective graphical approach for evaluating bias and for calculating bounds on the expected magnitude of the individual differences arising between the two measurement methods, is used. A 45° line of identity with scatter plot was produced to display the correlation between the 2 measurements. Bias was evaluated by calculating (d) ̅ the mean difference of the measurements. Limits of agreement, calculated as (d) ̅ ±2sd , where sd is the standard deviation of the individual differences, defined bounds within which 95% of the measurement differences are expected to fall. The B-A plot defines the limits of agreements. B-A analysis is performed using TBI over a wide range, 0 ≤ TBI ≤ 30, and a restricted range focusing on small tumors, 0 < TBI ≤ 6.
Measured: Through study completion, an average of 3 years.
Overall survival (OS) stratified on hepatitis status.
The time elapsed from the surgical resection to the point of death or the last follow-up, whichever occurred first.
Measured: Minimum 2 years follow up after Hepatocellular carcinoma resection.
Recurrence-free survival (RFS) stratified on hepatitis status.
The time between surgical resection of HCC and its recurrence confirmed via multi-phasic CT or MRI imaging, or last follow-up, whichever occurred first.
Measured: Minimum 2 years follow up after Hepatocellular carcinoma resection.
Prognostic stratification according to ALBI grade.
Overall survival (OS) and Recurrence-free survival (RFS) stratified according to ALBI grade.
Measured: Minimum 2 years follow up after Hepatocellular carcinoma resection.
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted6 Mar 2024
- Study start17 Jul 2017
- Primary completion30 Jun 2020
- Study completion30 Jun 2020
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (31)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Hepatocellular Carcinoma ResectableStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Observational
- Observational model
- Case only
- Time perspective
- Retrospective
- Enrolment
- 1,043 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- National Cancer Centre, Singapore
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Singapore General Hospital
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
- Investigators
- Pierce Chow, MD, PhD, Principal investigator, National Cancer Centre, Singapore
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06294808
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 2017-2601
- Status last verified
- Nov 2025
- First submitted
- 26 Feb 2024
- Last updated
- 18 Nov 2025
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Publications
Ferlay J, Shin HR, Bray F, Forman D, Mathers C, Parkin DM. Estimates of worldwide burden of cancer in 2008: GLOBOCAN 2008. Int J Cancer. 2010 Dec 15;127(12):2893-917. doi: 10.1002/ijc.25516.
PubMed 21351269Omata M, Lesmana LA, Tateishi R, Chen PJ, Lin SM, Yoshida H, Kudo M, Lee JM, Choi BI, Poon RT, Shiina S, Cheng AL, Jia JD, Obi S, Han KH, Jafri W, Chow P, Lim SG, Chawla YK, Budihusodo U, Gani RA, Lesmana CR, Putranto TA, Liaw YF, Sarin SK. Asian Pacific Association for the Study of the Liver consensus recommendations on hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatol Int. 2010 Mar 18;4(2):439-74. doi: 10.1007/s12072-010-9165-7.
PubMed 20827404Edge SB, Compton CC. The American Joint Committee on Cancer: the 7th edition of the AJCC cancer staging manual and the future of TNM. Ann Surg Oncol. 2010 Jun;17(6):1471-4. doi: 10.1245/s10434-010-0985-4.
PubMed 20180029Forner A, Llovet JM, Bruix J. Hepatocellular carcinoma. Lancet. 2012 Mar 31;379(9822):1245-55. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(11)61347-0. Epub 2012 Feb 20.
PubMed 22353262Lim KC, Chow PK, Allen JC, Siddiqui FJ, Chan ES, Tan SB. Systematic review of outcomes of liver resection for early hepatocellular carcinoma within the Milan criteria. Br J Surg. 2012 Dec;99(12):1622-9. doi: 10.1002/bjs.8915. Epub 2012 Sep 28.
PubMed 23023956Mazzaferro V, Llovet JM, Miceli R, Bhoori S, Schiavo M, Mariani L, Camerini T, Roayaie S, Schwartz ME, Grazi GL, Adam R, Neuhaus P, Salizzoni M, Bruix J, Forner A, De Carlis L, Cillo U, Burroughs AK, Troisi R, Rossi M, Gerunda GE, Lerut J, Belghiti J, Boin I, Gugenheim J, Rochling F, Van Hoek B, Majno P; Metroticket Investigator Study Group. Predicting survival after liver transplantation in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma beyond the Milan criteria: a retrospective, exploratory analysis. Lancet Oncol. 2009 Jan;10(1):35-43. doi: 10.1016/S1470-2045(08)70284-5. Epub 2008 Dec 4.
PubMed 19058754Bruix J, Sherman M; American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases. Management of hepatocellular carcinoma: an update. Hepatology. 2011 Mar;53(3):1020-2. doi: 10.1002/hep.24199. No abstract available.
PubMed 21374666Zhong JH, Ke Y, Gong WF, Xiang BD, Ma L, Ye XP, Peng T, Xie GS, Li LQ. Hepatic resection associated with good survival for selected patients with intermediate and advanced-stage hepatocellular carcinoma. Ann Surg. 2014 Aug;260(2):329-40. doi: 10.1097/SLA.0000000000000236.
PubMed 24096763Lin CT, Hsu KF, Chen TW, Yu JC, Chan DC, Yu CY, Hsieh TY, Fan HL, Kuo SM, Chung KP, Hsieh CB. Comparing hepatic resection and transarterial chemoembolization for Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) stage B hepatocellular carcinoma: change for treatment of choice? World J Surg. 2010 Sep;34(9):2155-61. doi: 10.1007/s00268-010-0598-x.
PubMed 20407768Ng KK, Vauthey JN, Pawlik TM, Lauwers GY, Regimbeau JM, Belghiti J, Ikai I, Yamaoka Y, Curley SA, Nagorney DM, Ng IO, Fan ST, Poon RT; International Cooperative Study Group on Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Is hepatic resection for large or multinodular hepatocellular carcinoma justified? Results from a multi-institutional database. Ann Surg Oncol. 2005 May;12(5):364-73. doi: 10.1245/ASO.2005.06.004. Epub 2005 Mar 31.
PubMed 15915370Yang LY, Fang F, Ou DP, Wu W, Zeng ZJ, Wu F. Solitary large hepatocellular carcinoma: a specific subtype of hepatocellular carcinoma with good outcome after hepatic resection. Ann Surg. 2009 Jan;249(1):118-23. doi: 10.1097/SLA.0b013e3181904988.
PubMed 19106686Torzilli G, Belghiti J, Kokudo N, Takayama T, Capussotti L, Nuzzo G, Vauthey JN, Choti MA, De Santibanes E, Donadon M, Morenghi E, Makuuchi M. A snapshot of the effective indications and results of surgery for hepatocellular carcinoma in tertiary referral centers: is it adherent to the EASL/AASLD recommendations?: an observational study of the HCC East-West study group. Ann Surg. 2013 May;257(5):929-37. doi: 10.1097/SLA.0b013e31828329b8.
PubMed 23426336European Association For The Study Of The Liver; European Organisation For Research And Treatment Of Cancer. EASL-EORTC clinical practice guidelines: management of hepatocellular carcinoma. J Hepatol. 2012 Apr;56(4):908-43. doi: 10.1016/j.jhep.2011.12.001. No abstract available.
PubMed 22424438Ishizawa T, Hasegawa K, Aoki T, Takahashi M, Inoue Y, Sano K, Imamura H, Sugawara Y, Kokudo N, Makuuchi M. Neither multiple tumors nor portal hypertension are surgical contraindications for hepatocellular carcinoma. Gastroenterology. 2008 Jun;134(7):1908-16. doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2008.02.091. Epub 2008 Mar 8.
PubMed 18549877Peng ZW, Guo RP, Zhang YJ, Lin XJ, Chen MS, Lau WY. Hepatic resection versus transcatheter arterial chemoembolization for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma with portal vein tumor thrombus. Cancer. 2012 Oct 1;118(19):4725-36. doi: 10.1002/cncr.26561. Epub 2012 Feb 22.
PubMed 22359112
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 18 Nov 2025. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Predicting Survival After Surgical Resection for the Entire Spectrum of Anatomically Resectable HCC: a Metroticket Approach
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06294808
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- 2017-2601
- Conditions
- Hepatocellular Carcinoma Resectable
- Keywords
- Metroticket Approach, Surgical Resection, Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC)
- Study type
- Observational
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 1,043 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- National Cancer Centre, SingaporeUniversity, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Singapore General Hospital
- Study start
- 17 Jul 2017 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 30 Jun 2020 (actual)
- Study completion
- 30 Jun 2020 (actual)
- First posted
- 6 Mar 2024 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
Clinical outcomes after surgical resection in HCC is a continuum and is clearly related to tumor burden but needs better definition. The researchers describe the use of the "metro ticket" approach to analyze surgical outcomes over the whole spectrum of anatomically resectable HCC to define overall survival including intermediate stage tumors (BCLC B). The analysis the researchers provide in this study enables the clinician to select the optimal surgical resection candidate based on robust long term survival data.
In addition, study compares outcome for open surgery vs laparoscopic surgery, survival outcome for viral and non-viral HCC using Albumin-Bilirubin (ALBI) for more comprehensive study result.
On top of that, non-HBV, non-HCV (NBNC) hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is generally associated with poorer tumor characteristics. However, it remains unclear whether this leads to worse post-resection survival compared to viral-related HCC. This study evaluates the prognostic impact of viral status and liver function on post-resection survival outcomes between NBNC and viral HCC patients.
This retrospective study also aims to determine if HCC of viral and non-viral etiologies have different clinical outcomes after surgical resection when tumor burden and liver function are considered.
Detailed description
Patients who underwent surgical resection (both open surgery and laparoscopic surgery) for HCC from 1st January 2000 to 30th June 2018 by the joint hepato-pancreato-biliary surgery service at the Singapore Healthcare Group of Hospitals (Singapore General Hospital and the National Cancer Centre Singapore) were retrospectively identified from a prospectively kept institutional database.
The assessment of the size, number of nodules and vascular invasion of HCC were based on pre-operative CT/MRI imaging and pathological assessment of the resected specimens. All resections were histologically confirmed as HCC. Patients with macrovascular invasion and extrahepatic invasion were excluded from analysis as were patients resected for other palliative intents (e.g. ruptured HCC).
Study design
- Observational model
- Case only
- Time perspective
- Retrospective
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 21 to 80 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
- Study population
- Patients who underwent surgical resection (both open surgery and laparoscopic surgery) for HCC from 1st January 2000 to 30th June 2018 by the joint hepato-pancreato-biliary surgery service at the Singapore Healthcare Group of Hospitals (Singapore General Hospital and the National Cancer Centre Singapore).
Key inclusion criteria (2 listed)
- Unequivocal diagnosis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) by histology
- Patients who underwent surgical resection for HCC
Key exclusion criteria (3 listed)
- Patients who underwent liver resection for other malignancies ie cholangiocarcinoma
- Patients with HCC who did not undergo liver resection.
- Patients with HCC who underwent liver transplant.
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Primary outcome
5-year mortality.
Time frame: At least 5 years.
Time between the respective surgery to the time of death. Bivariate contour plots of 5-year survival probability as a function of X = AFP concentration (ng/mL) and Y = tumor burden index (size of largest nodule + 2*number of nodules) (TBI) were obtained as smoothed contours originating from an empirically-derived bivariate 5-year survival distribution S(X,Y)=1- F(x ≤X,y ≤Y). The function F(x ≤X,y ≤Y) is the empirical, bivariate cumulative distribution of 5-year mortality as a function of X and Y defined over the domain (0<X≤5000,1≤Y≤15) in our patient cohort. All patients in our study cohort were followed up for at least 5 years following respective surgery which allowed estimation of actual all-cause 5-year mortality.
Concordance of pre-operative radiological and post operative surgical specimen.
Time frame: Through study completion, an average of 3 years.
The metro ticket modeling was based on tumour size and number of nodules extracted at pre-operative radiological imaging and post surgical pathology assessment. Continuous variables are summarized as mean, standard deviation, 25th and 75th percentiles, median and minimum and maximum. Categorical variables are summarized as counts (N) and percentages (%).
Agreement between TBI calculated from pre-operative imaging versus those obtained from post-surgical pathological assessment.
Time frame: Through study completion, an average of 3 years.
Bland-Altman analysis, which is based on a simple but effective graphical approach for evaluating bias and for calculating bounds on the expected magnitude of the individual differences arising between the two measurement methods, is used. A 45° line of identity with scatter plot was produced to display the correlation between the 2 measurements. Bias was evaluated by calculating (d) ̅ the mean difference of the measurements. Limits of agreement, calculated as (d) ̅ ±2sd , where sd is the standard deviation of the individual differences, defined bounds within which 95% of the measurement differences are expected to fall. The B-A plot defines the limits of agreements. B-A analysis is performed using TBI over a wide range, 0 ≤ TBI ≤ 30, and a restricted range focusing on small tumors, 0 < TBI ≤ 6.
Overall survival (OS) stratified on hepatitis status.
Time frame: Minimum 2 years follow up after Hepatocellular carcinoma resection.
The time elapsed from the surgical resection to the point of death or the last follow-up, whichever occurred first.
Recurrence-free survival (RFS) stratified on hepatitis status.
Time frame: Minimum 2 years follow up after Hepatocellular carcinoma resection.
The time between surgical resection of HCC and its recurrence confirmed via multi-phasic CT or MRI imaging, or last follow-up, whichever occurred first.
Prognostic stratification according to ALBI grade.
Time frame: Minimum 2 years follow up after Hepatocellular carcinoma resection.
Overall survival (OS) and Recurrence-free survival (RFS) stratified according to ALBI grade.
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 18 Nov 2025.
- Background: PubMed 21351269Ferlay J, Shin HR, Bray F, Forman D, Mathers C, Parkin DM. Estimates of worldwide burden of cancer in 2008: GLOBOCAN 2008. Int J Cancer. 2010 Dec 15;127(12):2893-917. doi: 10.1002/ijc.25516.
- Background: PubMed 20827404Omata M, Lesmana LA, Tateishi R, Chen PJ, Lin SM, Yoshida H, Kudo M, Lee JM, Choi BI, Poon RT, Shiina S, Cheng AL, Jia JD, Obi S, Han KH, Jafri W, Chow P, Lim SG, Chawla YK, Budihusodo U, Gani RA, Lesmana CR, Putranto TA, Liaw YF, Sarin SK. Asian Pacific Association for the Study of the Liver consensus recommendations on hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatol Int. 2010 Mar 18;4(2):439-74. doi: 10.1007/s12072-010-9165-7.
- Background: PubMed 20180029Edge SB, Compton CC. The American Joint Committee on Cancer: the 7th edition of the AJCC cancer staging manual and the future of TNM. Ann Surg Oncol. 2010 Jun;17(6):1471-4. doi: 10.1245/s10434-010-0985-4.
- Background: PubMed 22353262Forner A, Llovet JM, Bruix J. Hepatocellular carcinoma. Lancet. 2012 Mar 31;379(9822):1245-55. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(11)61347-0. Epub 2012 Feb 20.
- Background: PubMed 23023956Lim KC, Chow PK, Allen JC, Siddiqui FJ, Chan ES, Tan SB. Systematic review of outcomes of liver resection for early hepatocellular carcinoma within the Milan criteria. Br J Surg. 2012 Dec;99(12):1622-9. doi: 10.1002/bjs.8915. Epub 2012 Sep 28.
- Background: PubMed 19058754Mazzaferro V, Llovet JM, Miceli R, Bhoori S, Schiavo M, Mariani L, Camerini T, Roayaie S, Schwartz ME, Grazi GL, Adam R, Neuhaus P, Salizzoni M, Bruix J, Forner A, De Carlis L, Cillo U, Burroughs AK, Troisi R, Rossi M, Gerunda GE, Lerut J, Belghiti J, Boin I, Gugenheim J, Rochling F, Van Hoek B, Majno P; Metroticket Investigator Study Group. Predicting survival after liver transplantation in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma beyond the Milan criteria: a retrospective, exploratory analysis. Lancet Oncol. 2009 Jan;10(1):35-43. doi: 10.1016/S1470-2045(08)70284-5. Epub 2008 Dec 4.
- Background: PubMed 21374666Bruix J, Sherman M; American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases. Management of hepatocellular carcinoma: an update. Hepatology. 2011 Mar;53(3):1020-2. doi: 10.1002/hep.24199. No abstract available.
- Background: PubMed 24096763Zhong JH, Ke Y, Gong WF, Xiang BD, Ma L, Ye XP, Peng T, Xie GS, Li LQ. Hepatic resection associated with good survival for selected patients with intermediate and advanced-stage hepatocellular carcinoma. Ann Surg. 2014 Aug;260(2):329-40. doi: 10.1097/SLA.0000000000000236.
- Background: PubMed 20407768Lin CT, Hsu KF, Chen TW, Yu JC, Chan DC, Yu CY, Hsieh TY, Fan HL, Kuo SM, Chung KP, Hsieh CB. Comparing hepatic resection and transarterial chemoembolization for Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) stage B hepatocellular carcinoma: change for treatment of choice? World J Surg. 2010 Sep;34(9):2155-61. doi: 10.1007/s00268-010-0598-x.
- Background: PubMed 15915370Ng KK, Vauthey JN, Pawlik TM, Lauwers GY, Regimbeau JM, Belghiti J, Ikai I, Yamaoka Y, Curley SA, Nagorney DM, Ng IO, Fan ST, Poon RT; International Cooperative Study Group on Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Is hepatic resection for large or multinodular hepatocellular carcinoma justified? Results from a multi-institutional database. Ann Surg Oncol. 2005 May;12(5):364-73. doi: 10.1245/ASO.2005.06.004. Epub 2005 Mar 31.
- Background: PubMed 19106686Yang LY, Fang F, Ou DP, Wu W, Zeng ZJ, Wu F. Solitary large hepatocellular carcinoma: a specific subtype of hepatocellular carcinoma with good outcome after hepatic resection. Ann Surg. 2009 Jan;249(1):118-23. doi: 10.1097/SLA.0b013e3181904988.
- Background: PubMed 23426336Torzilli G, Belghiti J, Kokudo N, Takayama T, Capussotti L, Nuzzo G, Vauthey JN, Choti MA, De Santibanes E, Donadon M, Morenghi E, Makuuchi M. A snapshot of the effective indications and results of surgery for hepatocellular carcinoma in tertiary referral centers: is it adherent to the EASL/AASLD recommendations?: an observational study of the HCC East-West study group. Ann Surg. 2013 May;257(5):929-37. doi: 10.1097/SLA.0b013e31828329b8.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Pierce Chow, MD, PhD principal investigator
National Cancer Centre, Singapore
2 sites in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
An observational study of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Resectable, run by National Cancer Centre, Singapore at 2 sites in Singapore.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 2 inclusion and 3 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 18 Nov 2025. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 2 sites in Singapore. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
5-year mortality. (time frame: At least 5 years.). The study lists 6 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT06294808, which also lists 31 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 18 Nov 2025.