Postural KyphosisNCT06198569
The Effect of Scapular Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF) Exercises
A study testing PNF EXERCISES and strength exercises in people with Postural Kyphosis, run by Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
Trial summary
Posture is generally defined as the sitting or standing position of a person's body. Repetitive or prolonged positioning in an atypical posture may also occur as a risk factor for the development of musculoskeletal diseases. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 to 35 yearsHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Postural Kyphosis
- What is being tested?
- PNF EXERCISES and strength exercises
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 40 participants
- Where
- 1 siteTurkey (Türkiye)
- Study dates
- 15 Nov 2023to 15 Mar 2024
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 to 35 years
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult
Who may be able to join
- Being between the ages of 18-35
- Volunteering to participate in the study
Who cannot join
- Having a systemic disease that prevents exercise,
- Having a history of orthopedic problems in the upper extremity (fracture, trauma, etc.)
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
Turkey (Türkiye)1 site
Gaziantep Islam Science and Technology University
Gaziantep
About this study
Official title: The Effect of Scapular Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF) Exercises on Posture, Upper Extremity Strength and Dexterity in University Students.
Posture is generally defined as the sitting or standing position of a person's body. Repetitive or prolonged positioning in an atypical posture may also occur as a risk factor for the development of musculoskeletal diseases. Race, gender, seasons, nutrition, socio-economic status, profession and occupations, psychological state, hygiene, sleep patterns, exercise habits, fatigue, fractures, soft tissue disorders, disorders in the normal alignment angles of the joints, and emotional states such as joy, grief, and distress. It affects posture. Creating professional awareness among physiotherapy and rehabilitation students is very important for the physiotherapy profession, which has a very important role in protecting and improving public health, to achieve its professional goals. On the other hand, physiotherapists and physiotherapy students are at great risk of musculoskeletal disorders due to their working conditions and working postures.
The basic principle of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation techniques, defined as facilitating the responses of the neuromuscular mechanism by stimulating the proprioceptors and briefly referred to as PNF, is based on the principle that physiological movements in the human body have rotational and oblique characters and that a greater response can be achieved with movements performed against maximum resistance. The shoulder girdle serves purposes beyond stabilization and movement of the extremities. The clavicle and scapula cooperate as a single unit in the shoulder girdle. The scapula is not a weight-bearing structure during normal functions; rather, it supports the attachment of skeletal muscles.
Read the detailed description
Posture is generally defined as the sitting or standing position of a person's body. Repetitive or prolonged positioning in an atypical posture may also occur as a risk factor for the development of musculoskeletal diseases. Race, gender, seasons, nutrition, socio-economic status, profession and occupations, psychological state, hygiene, sleep patterns, exercise habits, fatigue, fractures, soft tissue disorders, disorders in the normal alignment angles of the joints, and emotional states such as joy, grief, and distress. It affects posture. Creating professional awareness among physiotherapy and rehabilitation students is very important for the physiotherapy profession, which has a very important role in protecting and improving public health, to achieve its professional goals. On the other hand, physiotherapists and physiotherapy students are at great risk of musculoskeletal disorders due to their working conditions and working postures.
The basic principle of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation techniques, defined as facilitating the responses of the neuromuscular mechanism by stimulating the proprioceptors and briefly referred to as PNF, is based on the principle that physiological movements in the human body have rotational and oblique characters and that a greater response can be achieved with movements performed against maximum resistance. The shoulder girdle serves purposes beyond stabilization and movement of the extremities. The clavicle and scapula cooperate as a single unit in the shoulder girdle. The scapula is not a weight-bearing structure during normal functions; rather, it supports the attachment of skeletal muscles.Scapula patterns are activated by upper extremity patterns, and all upper extremity patterns occur together with scapula patterns. The therapeutic purposes of scapula patterns are as follows:
mobility and stabilization of the scapula,
- Trunk muscles and movements, rotation, etc. functional activities,
- Cervical movements and stability, to increase upper-extremity movements and stabilization. Strengthening exercises for posture problems are frequently included in literature studies. However, the results of scapular-pattern PNF exercises specific to the shoulder girdle muscles are unknown. In this study, which we planned in light of this information, the findings obtained from scapular PNF exercises will serve to fill this gap in the literature.
Our hypotheses in this project are:
Hypothesis 1: Scapular PNF applications will show superiority in the development of muscle strength compared to upper extremity strengthening exercises in university students who receive 6-week training.
Hypothesis 2: Scapular PNF applications will be superior to upper extremity strengthening exercises in correcting shoulder girdle posture in university students who receive 6-week training.
Hypothesis 3: Scapular PNF applications will be superior to upper extremity strengthening exercises in the development of hand skills in university students who receive 6-week training.
The most common posture problem seen in university students is the deterioration of shoulder girdle posture. In this project,
- Purpose: To examine the effects of scapular PNF training on the strength of upper extremity muscles.
- Purpose: To examine the effects of scapular PNF training on shoulder girdle posture.
Purpose: To examine the effects of scapular PNF training on manual skills.
- Conditions
- Postural Kyphosis
- Being tested
- PNF EXERCISES, strength exercises
- Keywords
- PNF, Scapular exercise
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
PNF EXERCISESOther
Scapular PNF exercise training (6 Weeks) Exercise Frequency 3 days/week Exercise Intensity 60% of 1 maximum repetition Exercise Duration: 5-minute warm-up 20 minutes (2 sets of 15 repetitions) exercise training 5 min cool down Exercise Type Scapular patterns
- Anterior elevation-Posterior depression
- Anterior depression-Posterior elevation PNF techniques
- Repetitive stretching
- Rhythmic stabilization
strength exercisesOther
Upper limb exercise training (6 Weeks) 3 days/week 60% of 1 repetition maximum 5 minute warm up 20 min exercise training 5 min cool down
Upper extremity movements - Scapular retraction - Shoulder flexion - Shoulder extension - Shoulder abduction - Shoulder adduction Resistant exercise training with Theraband and weights
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Control Group | Active comparator | STRENGTH EXERCISE TRAINING Receives: Other: strength exercises |
| Study Group | Experimental | PNF EXERCISE TRAINING Receives: Other: PNF EXERCISES |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Muscle Strength
Lower extremity muscle strength will be measured with a digital muscle dynamometer. Lower extremity muscles will be evaluated using a digital dynamometer (Knect). With this device, muscle force values are expressed in Newton (N). Muscle strength will be recorded by making 3 measurements with a digital dynamometer, on the right and left extremities, without allowing the patients to compensate, and the average values will be used.
Measured: Baseline and after 6 weeks
Posture
It will be done with the PostureScreen Mobile (PSM) application. Using the phone's camera application, participants will be photographed from 4 directions: front, back (coronal plane), right and left (sagittal plane). After the photo is taken, after marking the anatomical points specified in the application, the function of the application is started and the right or left shift and tilt angles of the head, shoulders, rib cage, hips from the front, the tilt angles of the head, shoulders, hips, knees from the side and the head, shoulders, rib cage from the back are displayed. , right and left tilt and shift angles of the midpoint of the hip, T1-T4, T4-T8, T8-T12, T12-L3 vertebrae, L3 and SIPS will be determined and recorded. The application is a valid and reliable method and its ICC score is between 0.71-0.99.
Measured: Baseline and after 6 weeks
Manual skills
Will be evaluated with Purdue-Peg board test (PPBT). It is one of the tests frequently used in personnel selection for jobs requiring motor skills and coordination. It is a test that also measures the fingertip dexterity required for assembly work. Washers, rings and small nails are used in this test. The completion time of the test is recorded in seconds. The test is valid and reliable.
Measured: Baseline and after 6 weeks
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted10 Jan 2024
- Study start15 Nov 2023
- Primary completion1 Mar 2024
- Study completion15 Mar 2024
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for Postural KyphosisStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind
- Who is masked
- Outcomes assessor
- Enrolment
- 40 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Zekiye İpek KATIRCI KIRMACI, Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University
- Investigators
- Zekiye İpek Katırcı Kırmacı, Principal investigator, Gaziantep Islam Science and Technology University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06198569
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- ZİKK
- Status last verified
- Apr 2024
- First submitted
- 27 Dec 2023
- Last updated
- 16 Apr 2024
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 16 Apr 2024. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- The Effect of Scapular Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF) Exercises on Posture, Upper Extremity Strength and Dexterity in University Students.
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06198569
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- ZİKK
- Conditions
- Postural Kyphosis
- Keywords
- PNF, Scapular exercise
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 40 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 15 Nov 2023 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 1 Mar 2024 (actual)
- Study completion
- 15 Mar 2024 (actual)
- First posted
- 10 Jan 2024 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
Posture is generally defined as the sitting or standing position of a person's body. Repetitive or prolonged positioning in an atypical posture may also occur as a risk factor for the development of musculoskeletal diseases. Race, gender, seasons, nutrition, socio-economic status, profession and occupations, psychological state, hygiene, sleep patterns, exercise habits, fatigue, fractures, soft tissue disorders, disorders in the normal alignment angles of the joints, and emotional states such as joy, grief, and distress. It affects posture. Creating professional awareness among physiotherapy and rehabilitation students is very important for the physiotherapy profession, which has a very important role in protecting and improving public health, to achieve its professional goals. On the other hand, physiotherapists and physiotherapy students are at great risk of musculoskeletal disorders due to their working conditions and working postures.
The basic principle of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation techniques, defined as facilitating the responses of the neuromuscular mechanism by stimulating the proprioceptors and briefly referred to as PNF, is based on the principle that physiological movements in the human body have rotational and oblique characters and that a greater response can be achieved with movements performed against maximum resistance. The shoulder girdle serves purposes beyond stabilization and movement of the extremities. The clavicle and scapula cooperate as a single unit in the shoulder girdle. The scapula is not a weight-bearing structure during normal functions; rather, it supports the attachment of skeletal muscles.
Detailed description
Posture is generally defined as the sitting or standing position of a person's body. Repetitive or prolonged positioning in an atypical posture may also occur as a risk factor for the development of musculoskeletal diseases. Race, gender, seasons, nutrition, socio-economic status, profession and occupations, psychological state, hygiene, sleep patterns, exercise habits, fatigue, fractures, soft tissue disorders, disorders in the normal alignment angles of the joints, and emotional states such as joy, grief, and distress. It affects posture. Creating professional awareness among physiotherapy and rehabilitation students is very important for the physiotherapy profession, which has a very important role in protecting and improving public health, to achieve its professional goals. On the other hand, physiotherapists and physiotherapy students are at great risk of musculoskeletal disorders due to their working conditions and working postures.
The basic principle of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation techniques, defined as facilitating the responses of the neuromuscular mechanism by stimulating the proprioceptors and briefly referred to as PNF, is based on the principle that physiological movements in the human body have rotational and oblique characters and that a greater response can be achieved with movements performed against maximum resistance. The shoulder girdle serves purposes beyond stabilization and movement of the extremities. The clavicle and scapula cooperate as a single unit in the shoulder girdle. The scapula is not a weight-bearing structure during normal functions; rather, it supports the attachment of skeletal muscles.Scapula patterns are activated by upper extremity patterns, and all upper extremity patterns occur together with scapula patterns. The therapeutic purposes of scapula patterns are as follows:
mobility and stabilization of the scapula,
- Trunk muscles and movements, rotation, etc. functional activities,
- Cervical movements and stability, to increase upper-extremity movements and stabilization. Strengthening exercises for posture problems are frequently included in literature studies. However, the results of scapular-pattern PNF exercises specific to the shoulder girdle muscles are unknown. In this study, which we planned in light of this information, the findings obtained from scapular PNF exercises will serve to fill this gap in the literature.
Our hypotheses in this project are:
Hypothesis 1: Scapular PNF applications will show superiority in the development of muscle strength compared to upper extremity strengthening exercises in university students who receive 6-week training.
Hypothesis 2: Scapular PNF applications will be superior to upper extremity strengthening exercises in correcting shoulder girdle posture in university students who receive 6-week training.
Hypothesis 3: Scapular PNF applications will be superior to upper extremity strengthening exercises in the development of hand skills in university students who receive 6-week training.
The most common posture problem seen in university students is the deterioration of shoulder girdle posture. In this project,
- Purpose: To examine the effects of scapular PNF training on the strength of upper extremity muscles.
- Purpose: To examine the effects of scapular PNF training on shoulder girdle posture.
Purpose: To examine the effects of scapular PNF training on manual skills.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind (outcomes assessor)
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Control Group | Active comparator | Other: strength exercisesSTRENGTH EXERCISE TRAINING |
| Study Group | Experimental | Other: PNF EXERCISESPNF EXERCISE TRAINING |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 to 35 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult
Key inclusion criteria (2 listed)
- Being between the ages of 18-35
- Volunteering to participate in the study
Key exclusion criteria (2 listed)
- Having a systemic disease that prevents exercise,
- Having a history of orthopedic problems in the upper extremity (fracture, trauma, etc.)
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| PNF EXERCISESScapular PNF exercise training (6 Weeks) Exercise Frequency 3 days/week Exercise Intensity 60% of 1 maximum repetition Exercise Duration: 5-minute warm-up 20 minutes (2 sets of 15 repetitions) exercise training 5 min cool down Exercise Type Scapular patterns * Anterior elevation-Posterior depression * Anterior depression-Posterior elevation PNF techniques * Repetitive stretching * Rhythmic stabilization | Other | Study Group |
| strength exercisesUpper limb exercise training (6 Weeks) 3 days/week 60% of 1 repetition maximum 5 minute warm up 20 min exercise training 5 min cool down Upper extremity movements - Scapular retraction - Shoulder flexion - Shoulder extension - Shoulder abduction - Shoulder adduction Resistant exercise training with Theraband and weights | Other | Control Group |
Primary outcome
Muscle Strength
Time frame: Baseline and after 6 weeks
Lower extremity muscle strength will be measured with a digital muscle dynamometer. Lower extremity muscles will be evaluated using a digital dynamometer (Knect). With this device, muscle force values are expressed in Newton (N). Muscle strength will be recorded by making 3 measurements with a digital dynamometer, on the right and left extremities, without allowing the patients to compensate, and the average values will be used.
Posture
Time frame: Baseline and after 6 weeks
It will be done with the PostureScreen Mobile (PSM) application. Using the phone's camera application, participants will be photographed from 4 directions: front, back (coronal plane), right and left (sagittal plane). After the photo is taken, after marking the anatomical points specified in the application, the function of the application is started and the right or left shift and tilt angles of the head, shoulders, rib cage, hips from the front, the tilt angles of the head, shoulders, hips, knees from the side and the head, shoulders, rib cage from the back are displayed. , right and left tilt and shift angles of the midpoint of the hip, T1-T4, T4-T8, T8-T12, T12-L3 vertebrae, L3 and SIPS will be determined and recorded. The application is a valid and reliable method and its ICC score is between 0.71-0.99.
Manual skills
Time frame: Baseline and after 6 weeks
Will be evaluated with Purdue-Peg board test (PPBT). It is one of the tests frequently used in personnel selection for jobs requiring motor skills and coordination. It is a test that also measures the fingertip dexterity required for assembly work. Washers, rings and small nails are used in this test. The completion time of the test is recorded in seconds. The test is valid and reliable.
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 16 Apr 2024.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
Related trials for Postural Kyphosis
Not yet recruiting
A Comparison of the Effects of Exercise Methods for Adolescent Hyperkyphosis on the Sensorimotor System
Kyphosis Postural Thoracic, Kyphosis
Enrolling by invitation
Basic Body Awareness Therapy (BBAT) and Corrective Exercise for Adolescent Hyperkyphosis
Hyperkyphosis, Adolescent
Not yet recruiting
Surface Electromyographic Analysis of Scapular Stabilizer Muscle in Postural Hyperkyphosis
Hyperkyphosis
Recruiting
Kinesio Taping in Young Adults With Thoracic Hyperkyphosis
Thoracic Hyperkyphosis
RecruitingObservational study
Posture, Proprioception, Core Stability, and Balance in Weightlifters
Balance Assessment, Kyphosis Postural Thoracic
Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Zekiye İpek Katırcı Kırmacı principal investigator
Gaziantep Islam Science and Technology University
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing PNF EXERCISES and strength exercises in people with Postural Kyphosis, run by Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 2 inclusion and 2 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 16 Apr 2024. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye). Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Muscle Strength (time frame: Baseline and after 6 weeks). The study lists 3 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 16 Apr 2024.