Vulvo Vaginal Atrophy (VVA)Phase 2NCT06197568
Proof of Concept Study of Vaginal AZU-101 in Vulvovaginal Atrophy in Postmenopausal Women
A Phase 2 study testing Lasofoxifene Tartrate in people with Vulvo Vaginal Atrophy (VVA), run by Azure Biotech Inc. at 1 site in United States.
Trial summary
Study Objectives: Primary: To assess the safety, tolerability, and systemic pharmacokinetics (PK) of AZU-101 Secondary: To evaluate efficacy of daily vaginal doses of AZU-101 in postmenopausal women on vaginal epithelium Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 45 to 60 years, women only
- Conditions the study is for
- Vulvo Vaginal Atrophy (VVA)
- What is being tested?
- Lasofoxifene Tartrate
- Could I receive a placebo?
- Yes, some participants may receive a placebo
- How many people
- 90 participants
- Where
- 1 siteUnited States
- Study dates
- 1 Jul 2026to 30 Jun 2027
- Phase
- Phase 2
- Are there results?
- Not yet: the study is under way
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 45 to 60 years
- Women only
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult
Who may be able to join
- 1. Postmenopausal female participants between 45 and 60 years old, inclusive (at the time of signing informed consent) with at least:
- 3 years of spontaneous amenorrhea; or
- At least 6 months postsurgical bilateral oophorectomy.
- Pain associated with sexual activity (dyspareunia)
- Vaginal pH ≥5.0
- Vaginal smear with the percentage of superficial cells less than 5%
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- In the opinion of the Investigator, the participant will comply with the protocol and has a high probability of completing the study.
- Normal gynecological examination including Papanicolaou (Pap) smear (required for all participants, including those with prior hysterectomy)
- Good general health as evaluated by physical exam and lab assessments
- Agrees to not take any OTC medication, herbal product or nutritional supplement containing soy or plant extracts during the study conduct until final visit
- Agrees to not use any vaginal lubricants.
- If taking statin as a concomitant medication, must be on a stable dose for 3 months without plan to change during the course of the study and through study completion
- Agree to use a condom during sexual intercourse with a male partner during the study and for 1 month after the last dose.
Who cannot join
- 1. Any contraindication to SERMs
- High risk for breast cancer and women with ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS)
- A history of liver cancer
- A history of lung cancer
- Conditions resulting in an increased risk of hypercoagulability, including immobility and strong family history of hypercoagulability
- Documented coronary artery disease or at increased risk for major coronary events
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- History of developing hypertriglyceridemia resulting from previous estrogen product treatment
- History of symptomatic cataracts
- History of endometrial polyps or abnormal endometrial findings on transvaginal ultrasound evaluation
- Use of any of the following:
- Oral estrogen-, progestin-, androgen-, or SERM-containing drug products within 3 months before Screening Visit
- Transdermal hormone products within 3 months before Screening Visit
- Vaginal hormone products (rings, creams, gels) within 3 months before Screening Visit
- Intrauterine progestins within 8 weeks before Screening Visit
- Progestin implants/injectables or estrogen pellets/injectables within 6 months before Screening Visit
- Any OTC medication, herbal product or nutritional supplement containing soy or plant extracts within 2 weeks prior to Screening Visit
- A history or active presence of clinically important medical disease that might confound the study or be detrimental to the participant, including but not limited to:
- Endometrial hyperplasia
- Undiagnosed vaginal bleeding
- History of a chronic liver or kidney dysfunction/disorder (e.g., hepatitis C or chronic renal failure)
- Thrombophlebitis, thrombosis, or thromboembolic disorders
- Cerebrovascular accident, stroke, or transient ischemic attack
- Myocardial infarction or ischemic heart disease
- Malignancy or treatment for malignancy, within the previous 5 years, with the exception of basal cell carcinoma of the skin or squamous cell carcinoma of the skin
- History of estrogen dependent neoplasia, breast cancer, melanoma, or any gynecologic cancer, at any time
- Endocrine disease (except for controlled hypothyroidism or controlled non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus)
- Known breast cancer gene (BRCA) mutation associated with increased risk of neoplasia
- TVUS of the endometrium at Screening with a double-wall thickness measurement greater than 5 mm
- A body mass index (BMI) <18 and >34 kg/m2
- History of known alcohol or drug abuse within 1 year of the Screening Visit
- Positive urine drug or alcohol screen at Screening Visit
- Daily use of cigarettes or use of any electronic cigarettes
- Use of an investigational drug or biologic within 60 days before administration of the first dose of study drug. Participants must agree not to participate in another research study of an investigational drug or device while enrolled in this study and for at least 30 days after completion of it.
- Any clinically important abnormalities on Screening physical examination, assessments, ECG, or laboratory tests, including but not limited to:
- Unresolved cervical cytologic smear report of atypical glandular cells of undetermined significance (AGUS) or atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS). Cervical cytologic smear report of low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (SIL) or greater, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) grade 1 or greater, or any reported dysplasia; Participants with ASCUS are eligible only if high risk human papilloma virus (HPV) result is negative.
- Unresolved findings suspicious for malignancy on the breast exam; incomplete mammogram result (Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System [BI-RADS] category 0) or unresolved findings suggestive of malignant changes or findings requiring short interval follow-up on the pre-study mammogram (participants must have mammography result of BI-RADS category 1 or 2 to enroll). Mammogram performed within 9 months prior to Screening Visit with documentation available may be used to evaluate study eligibility. The site must obtain a copy of the official report for the participant's study file, and it must be verified that the mammogram itself is available if needed for additional assessment.
- Hematocrit <35% or >45%
- Serum creatinine >1.5 mg/dL.
- Serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) or serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) >1.5 times the ULN for the laboratory used
- Fasting total cholesterol >300 mg/dL (7.77 mmol/L) or triglycerides >300 mg/dL (3.39 mmol/L)
- Positive laboratory finding for Factor V Leiden mutation
- Fasting glucose >125 mg/dL
- Uncontrolled hypertension (participants with sitting BP >139 mmHg systolic or >89 mmHg diastolic) and may not be using more than 2 antihypertensive medications for the treatment of hypertension
- Hypotension; participants with sitting BP <95 mmHg systolic or <65 mmHg diastolic
- A clinically significant abnormal 12-lead ECG (e.g., showing previous myocardial infarction or other findings suggestive of ischemia)
- Positive human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B, hepatitis C, or active STD
- Untreated vaginal or urinary tract infection, or chronic urinary tract infections requiring repeated antibiotic treatment.
- Serum estradiol ≥20 pg/mL (≥73 pmol/L) at screening
- Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) <0.4 or >8.0 mIU/L
- History of lichen sclerosis vulvae
- Serum follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) ≤30 IU/L
- Poor venous access
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country. Contact the study team or a site near you to ask about taking part.
United States1 site, 1 recruiting
- Recruiting
Nucleus Network
Saint Paul, Minnesota, 55114
Jennifer Bookey, (651) 641 2900, j.bookey@nucleusnetwork.com
Amy Eastenson, MD
About this study
Official title: A Double-blind, Randomized, Placebo-controlled Proof oF Concept Clinical Study to Evaluate the Safety, Pharmacokinetics, AND Pharmacodynamics of Vaginal AZU-101 (Lasofoxifene Tartrate) in Postmenopausal Women
Study Objectives:
Primary:
- To assess the safety, tolerability, and systemic pharmacokinetics (PK) of AZU-101
Secondary:
- To evaluate efficacy of daily vaginal doses of AZU-101 in postmenopausal women on vaginal epithelium
Read the detailed description
This is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled Phase 2A study of vaginal AZU-101 in healthy postmenopausal female participants with moderate to severe vulvovaginal atrophy (VVA) with no contraindications to selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs). AZU-101 is a vaginal formulation of lasofoxifene tartrate, a SERM that has high affinity to both estrogen receptor (ER) alpha (ERα) and ER beta (ERβ). This study plans to evaluate 3 doses of AZU-101 (1, 0.5, and 0.1μg) and placebo. Results of the first cohort (1μg AZU-101) will direct additional dosing cohorts (0.5 and 0.1μg AZU-101).
Safety and tolerability will be measured by vital signs, electrocardiogram (ECG) parameters, and the incidence of Treatment-Emergent Adverse Events (TEAEs) and concomitant treatments. The PK profile will be assessed using peak plasma concentration (Cmax), time to peak plasma concentration (tmax), and area-under-the-concentration-time-curve from time zero to infinity (AUC0-∞). Efficacy will be evaluated using vaginal pH, the vaginal Maturation Index (percentage of vaginal parabasal cells and superficial cells), and identification of the most bothersome symptom to the subject (dyspareunia, vaginal dryness, or vaginal irritation/itching).
Number of participants (planned): Up to approximately 90 healthy postmenopausal females, 45 to 60 years of age.
- Conditions
- Vulvo Vaginal Atrophy (VVA)
- Being tested
- Lasofoxifene Tartrate
- Keywords
- Dyspareunia, Vaginal atrophy, Postmenopausal symptoms, Vaginal dryness or irritation, Painful intercourse
- Medical subject headings
- Dyspareunia
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Lasofoxifene TartrateDrug
Also called AZU-101
1.0 ug for 14 daily doses
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| 1 microgram dose lasofoxifene tartrate | Experimental | Vaginal administration 14 days Receives: Drug: Lasofoxifene Tartrate |
| Placebo | Placebo comparator | Placebo administered 14 days Receives: Drug: Lasofoxifene Tartrate |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Number of Participants Who Had Any Serious Adverse Events or Any Treatment Emergent Adverse Events With Severity Greater Than "Moderate" as measured by CTCAE v4.0
Number of participants who had any serious adverse events or any adverse events with severity greater than "moderate," as determined by the Principal Investigator, using the composite safety assessment including clinical laboratory testing (full blood count, biochemistry, coagulation, lipid panel, thyroid hormone, urinalysis), ECG, vital signs, physical examination, transvaginal ultrasound, endometrial biopsy, and self-reporting of adverse events that are determined to be clinically significant.
Measured: 15 days
Pharmacokinetics (AUC0-∞)
Area under the concentration versus time curve in pg*hr/mL
Measured: 24 hours after day 1 and day 14
Pharmacokinetics (Tmax)
Time to peak plasma concentration in hours
Measured: 24 hours after day 1 and day 14
Pharmacokinetics (Cmax)
Peak plasma concentration in pg/mL
Measured: 24 hours after day 1 and day 14
Secondary outcomes (3)
Efficacy (Vaginal pH)
- Mean change from baseline in vaginal pH
Measured: Day 7 and 15
Efficacy (Maturation index)
- Mean change from baseline in percentage of superficial cells in the Maturation Index of the vaginal smear
- Mean change from baseline in percentage of parabasal cells in the Maturation Index of the vaginal smear
Measured: Day 7 and 15
Efficacy (symptoms)
Mean change in the most bothersome symptom identified by the participant Efficacy outcome will be proportion of subjects who improve at least one grade
Measured: 15 days
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted9 Jan 2024
- Study start1 Jul 2026
- Primary completion31 Dec 2026 (estimated)
- Study completion30 Jun 2027 (estimated)
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for Vulvo Vaginal Atrophy (VVA)Studies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase 2
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Triple blind
- Who is masked
- Participant, Care provider, Investigator
- Enrolment
- 90 participants (estimated)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Azure Biotech Inc.
- Sponsor type
- Industry (pharma, biotech, devices)
- Collaborators
- Nucleus Network Ltd
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06197568
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- GSM-201
- Status last verified
- Oct 2026
- First submitted
- 5 Dec 2023
- Last updated
- 19 Oct 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- Yes
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- Undecided
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 19 Oct 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- A Double-blind, Randomized, Placebo-controlled Proof oF Concept Clinical Study to Evaluate the Safety, Pharmacokinetics, AND Pharmacodynamics of Vaginal AZU-101 (Lasofoxifene Tartrate) in Postmenopausal Women
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06197568
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- GSM-201
- Conditions
- Vulvo Vaginal Atrophy (VVA)
- Keywords
- Dyspareunia, Vaginal atrophy, Postmenopausal symptoms, Vaginal dryness or irritation, Painful intercourse
- Phase
- Phase 2
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Recruiting
- Enrolment
- 90 participants (estimated)
- Lead sponsor
- Azure Biotech Inc.Industry (pharma, biotech, devices)
- Collaborators
- Nucleus Network Ltd
- Study start
- 1 Jul 2026 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 31 Dec 2026 (estimated)
- Study completion
- 30 Jun 2027 (estimated)
- First posted
- 9 Jan 2024 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
Study Objectives:
Primary:
- To assess the safety, tolerability, and systemic pharmacokinetics (PK) of AZU-101
Secondary:
- To evaluate efficacy of daily vaginal doses of AZU-101 in postmenopausal women on vaginal epithelium
Detailed description
This is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled Phase 2A study of vaginal AZU-101 in healthy postmenopausal female participants with moderate to severe vulvovaginal atrophy (VVA) with no contraindications to selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs). AZU-101 is a vaginal formulation of lasofoxifene tartrate, a SERM that has high affinity to both estrogen receptor (ER) alpha (ERα) and ER beta (ERβ). This study plans to evaluate 3 doses of AZU-101 (1, 0.5, and 0.1μg) and placebo. Results of the first cohort (1μg AZU-101) will direct additional dosing cohorts (0.5 and 0.1μg AZU-101).
Safety and tolerability will be measured by vital signs, electrocardiogram (ECG) parameters, and the incidence of Treatment-Emergent Adverse Events (TEAEs) and concomitant treatments. The PK profile will be assessed using peak plasma concentration (Cmax), time to peak plasma concentration (tmax), and area-under-the-concentration-time-curve from time zero to infinity (AUC0-∞). Efficacy will be evaluated using vaginal pH, the vaginal Maturation Index (percentage of vaginal parabasal cells and superficial cells), and identification of the most bothersome symptom to the subject (dyspareunia, vaginal dryness, or vaginal irritation/itching).
Number of participants (planned): Up to approximately 90 healthy postmenopausal females, 45 to 60 years of age.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Triple blind (participant, care provider, investigator)
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| 1 microgram dose lasofoxifene tartrate | Experimental | Drug: Lasofoxifene TartrateVaginal administration 14 days |
| Placebo | Placebo comparator | Drug: Lasofoxifene TartratePlacebo administered 14 days |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 45 to 60 years
- Sex
- Female only
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult
Key inclusion criteria (13 listed)
- 1. Postmenopausal female participants between 45 and 60 years old, inclusive (at the time of signing informed consent) with at least:
- Pain associated with sexual activity (dyspareunia)
- Vaginal pH ≥5.0
- Vaginal smear with the percentage of superficial cells less than 5%
- In the opinion of the Investigator, the participant will comply with the protocol and has a high probability of completing the study.
Key exclusion criteria (52 listed)
- 1. Any contraindication to SERMs
- High risk for breast cancer and women with ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS)
- A history of liver cancer
- A history of lung cancer
- Conditions resulting in an increased risk of hypercoagulability, including immobility and strong family history of hypercoagulability
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Lasofoxifene TartrateAlso: AZU-1011.0 ug for 14 daily doses | Drug | 1 microgram dose lasofoxifene tartrate, Placebo |
Primary outcome
Number of Participants Who Had Any Serious Adverse Events or Any Treatment Emergent Adverse Events With Severity Greater Than "Moderate" as measured by CTCAE v4.0
Time frame: 15 days
Number of participants who had any serious adverse events or any adverse events with severity greater than "moderate," as determined by the Principal Investigator, using the composite safety assessment including clinical laboratory testing (full blood count, biochemistry, coagulation, lipid panel, thyroid hormone, urinalysis), ECG, vital signs, physical examination, transvaginal ultrasound, endometrial biopsy, and self-reporting of adverse events that are determined to be clinically significant.
Pharmacokinetics (AUC0-∞)
Time frame: 24 hours after day 1 and day 14
Area under the concentration versus time curve in pg*hr/mL
Pharmacokinetics (Tmax)
Time frame: 24 hours after day 1 and day 14
Time to peak plasma concentration in hours
Pharmacokinetics (Cmax)
Time frame: 24 hours after day 1 and day 14
Peak plasma concentration in pg/mL
3 secondary outcomes
Efficacy (Vaginal pH)
Time frame: Day 7 and 15
Efficacy (Maturation index)
Time frame: Day 7 and 15
Efficacy (symptoms)
Time frame: 15 days
Results and safety
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 19 Oct 2026.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: Undecided
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part.
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A Phase 2 study testing Lasofoxifene Tartrate in people with Vulvo Vaginal Atrophy (VVA), run by Azure Biotech Inc. at 1 site in United States.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 13 inclusion and 52 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: looking for participants now, as of the sponsor's last update on 19 Oct 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in United States. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. Some participants in this study may receive a placebo. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
What does this phase mean?
Phase 2 studies give the treatment to a larger group to see whether it has the intended effect and to keep checking safety.
Not every study follows the same path, and some studies (observational studies, device studies) have no phase.
Are results available for this study?
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
Contact Howard Levy, MD PhD ((848) 992-5888, hlevy@hlevyconsulting.com), or a site near the patient. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Number of Participants Who Had Any Serious Adverse Events or Any Treatment Emergent Adverse Events With Severity Greater Than "Moderate" as measured by CTCAE v4.0 (time frame: 15 days). The study lists 4 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 19 Oct 2026.