Central Retinal Artery OcclusionPhase 2GIONNCT06178055
A Study of the Efficacy and Safety of KUS121 in Participants With Acute Non-Arteritic Central Retinal Artery Occlusion (CRAO)
A Phase 2 study testing KUS121 high dose and KUS121 low dose in people with Central Retinal Artery Occlusion, run by Kyoto Drug Discovery and Development Co., Ltd. at 11 sites in United States.
Trial summary
Central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) is an ophthalmologic emergency which leads to severe and permanent vision loss. There is no evidence-based therapy for CRAO. The objective of this GION study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of KUS121 intravitreal (IVT) injection in participants with acute non-arteritic… Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 20 years and older
- Conditions the study is for
- Central Retinal Artery Occlusion
- What is being tested?
- KUS121 high dose and KUS121 low dose
- Type of treatment
- Injection or infusion
- Could I receive a placebo?
- Yes, some participants may receive a placebo
- How many people
- 17 participants
- Where
- 11 sitesUnited States
- Study dates
- 16 Apr 2024to 30 Nov 2025
- Phase
- Phase 2
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 20 years and older
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Participants who are willing and able to comply with clinic visits and study-related procedures and able to provide signed informed consent in person or from their legally authorized representative
- Males and females ≥ 20 years of age at that time of providing signed informed consent
- Diagnosed as non-arteritic Central Retinal Artery Occlusion from 3 hours until no more than 48 hours after the onset of significant visual acuity changes
- Best Corrected Visual Acuity (BCVA) Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) letter score of 0 to 35 in the study eye at screening prior to enrollment (eyes with 'no light perception' or 'light perception' are to be excluded)
- Retinal thickening or hyper-reflectivity in retinal inner layers in spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT), or white turbid edema in fundus examination
Who cannot join
- Presence of the following conditions in the study eye:
- Infection in or around the eye
- Uncontrolled intraocular pressure
- Abnormality in macula other than CRAO findings
- History of macular photocoagulation
- Opacity in visual axis preventing fundus examination or fundus imaging (e.g., corneal dystrophy)
Show all 20Show fewer
- Neovascularization of iris and retina
- Any inflammatory disease involving the eye
- Optic atrophy
- Glaucomatous cupping greater than 0.9
- Prior vitrectomy
- Aphakia with the absence of posterior capsule
- Any IVT injection or sub-Tenon's injection within 1 month of screening
- Any intraocular surgery or ocular implant within 3 months of screening
- Any history of ocular trauma within 3 months of screening
- Thrombolytic, fibrinolytic or prostaglandin E1 systemic treatment within 1 month of screening
- A positive urine pregnancy test on Day 1 prior to study enrollment
- History of allergy or hypersensitivity to KUS121 or a compound with a condensed polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon skeleton represented by naphthalene and any of excipients of KUS121 product, fluorescein, or any study treatment-related mandatory ingredients that is not amenable to treatment
- Known hypersensitivity to a study treatment procedure, dilating drops, or any of the anesthetic and antimicrobial preparations used by a participant during the study
- Presence of other medical disease, physical or ocular examination finding, or clinical laboratory finding that in the opinion of the Investigator contraindicates the use of an investigational product, might interfere with the evaluation of the efficacy or safety of the study drug, may put the participant at significant risk or might interfere with the participant's ability to participate in the study
Trial locations and contacts
11 sites in 1 country.
11 sites in 1 country
United States11 sites
Austin Retina Associates
Austin, Texas, 78705
UH Eye Institute
Cleveland, Ohio, 44106
Kresge Eye Institute/Wayne State University
Detroit, Michigan, 48201
The Retina Partners
Encino, California, 91436
Cumberland Valley Retina Consultants
Hagerstown, Maryland, 21740
Salehi Retina Institute, Inc
Huntington Beach, California, 92647
Florida Retina Institute
Jacksonville, Florida, 32216
NYEE Infirmary of Mount Sinai
New York, New York, 10003
Kaiser Permanente Oakland Med Ctr.
Oakland, California, 94611
Retina Consultants of Texas
San Antonio, Texas, 78240
Retina Consultants of Texas
The Woodlands, Texas, 77384
About this study
Official title: A Phase 2, Double-masked, Randomized, Sham-controlled, Multiple-dose Study of the Efficacy and Safety of Intravitreal KUS121 in the Treatment of Non-Arteritic Central Retinal Artery Occlusion (CRAO)
Central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) is an ophthalmologic emergency which leads to severe and permanent vision loss. There is no evidence-based therapy for CRAO. The objective of this GION study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of KUS121 intravitreal (IVT) injection in participants with acute non-arteritic CRAO.
Read the detailed description
This is a Phase II, double-masked, sham-controlled, multi-center, parallel-group study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of KUS121 intravitreal (IVT) injection in patients with non-arteritic Central Retinal Artery Occlusion (CRAO) diagnosed and treated within 3-48 hours of disease onset. Participants will be randomized to high dose KUS121, low dose KUS121, or sham in a 1:1:1 ratio. Participants will receive daily intravitreal injections of KUS 121 or sham, which mimics an injection, from Day 1 through Day 3. Primary efficacy endpoint is the proportion of participants who gain 15 letters or more in BCVA compared with baseline and will be assessed at Week 12. Safety evaluation will continue until a 12-month follow up.
- Conditions
- Central Retinal Artery Occlusion
- Being tested
- KUS121 high dose, KUS121 low dose, Sham procedure
- Medical subject headings
- Retinal Artery Occlusion
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
KUS121 high doseDrug
Participants will receive KUS121 high dose intravitreal (IVT) injection once on each of 3 consecutive days (Day 1 through Day 3).
KUS121 low doseDrug
Participants will receive KUS121 low dose intravitreal (IVT) injection once on each of 3 consecutive days (Day 1 through Day 3).
Sham procedureDrug
Participants will receive a sham procedure that mimics an intravitreal (IVT) injection once on each of 3 consecutive days (Day 1 through Day 3).
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| KUS121 high dose group | Experimental | Not described Receives: Drug: KUS121 high dose |
| KUS121 low dose group | Experimental | Not described Receives: Drug: KUS121 low dose |
| Control group | Sham comparator | Not described Receives: Drug: Sham procedure |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Proportion of study eyes which achieve a gain of 15 ETDRS letters or more in BCVA at Week 12 compared to baseline
BCVA: Best-Corrected Visual Acuity; ETDRS: Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study. A higher ETDRS letter score means a better outcome (better visual acuity).
Measured: At baseline, Week 12
Secondary outcomes (8)
Proportion of study eyes which achieve a gain of 15 ETDRS letters or more in BCVA at Week 4 compared to baseline
Measured: At baseline, Week 4
Proportion of study eyes which achieve a gain of 0.3 Logarithm of Minimum Angle of Resolution (Log MAR) in BCVA at Week 12 compared to baseline
BCVA will be recorded using a Logarithm of the Minimum Angle of Resolution (LogMAR) scoring chart. A lower LogMAR score means a better outcome (better visual acuity).
Measured: At baseline, Week 12
Proportion of study eyes which achieve a gain of 10 ETDRS letters or more in BCVA at Week 12 compared to baseline
Measured: At baseline, Week 12
Mean change in BCVA (readable letters and Log MAR) at Week 12 compared to baseline
Measured: At baseline, Week 12
Change in retinal thickness from baseline at Week 12 as measured by SD-OCT
Measured: At baseline, Week 12
Change in the area of visual field from baseline to Week 12 as measured by Humphrey Field Analyzer
The Humphrey Visual Field Analyser test assesses the retina's ability to detect a light stimulus at specific points within the visual field. A higher score means a better outcome (better visual field).
Measured: At baseline, Week 12
Incidence and Severity of Ocular and Systemic (Non-Ocular) Adverse Events (AEs)
Measured: From baseline through Week 48
Patients Reported Outcome
The results of National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire (NEI-VFQ 25) for each group at before, afterwards the disease onset and Week 12. A higher score means a better functioning (better patient-reported visual function).
Measured: Up to Week 12
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted20 Dec 2023
- Study start16 Apr 2024
- Primary completion3 Mar 2025
- Study completion30 Nov 2025
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (1)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Central Retinal Artery OcclusionStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase 2
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Triple blind
- Who is masked
- Participant, Investigator, Outcomes assessor
- Enrolment
- 17 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Kyoto Drug Discovery and Development Co., Ltd.
- Sponsor type
- Industry (pharma, biotech, devices)
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
- Investigators
- Kunihiro Musashi, MD., Ph.D., Study chair, Kyoto Drug Discovery & Development Co., Ltd.
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06178055
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- KDK-1101-02
- Acronym
- GION
- Status last verified
- Feb 2026
- First submitted
- 1 Dec 2023
- Last updated
- 18 Feb 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- Yes
- FDA-regulated drug
- Yes
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Publications
Ikeda HO, Muraoka Y, Hata M, Sumi E, Ikeda T, Nakagawa T, Abe H, Tada H, Morita S, Kakizuka A, Yoshimura N, Tsujikawa A. Safety and effectiveness of a novel neuroprotectant, KUS121, in patients with non-arteritic central retinal artery occlusion: An open-label, non-randomized, first-in-humans, phase 1/2 trial. PLoS One. 2020 Feb 13;15(2):e0229068. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0229068. eCollection 2020.
PubMed 32053676
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 18 Feb 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- A Phase 2, Double-masked, Randomized, Sham-controlled, Multiple-dose Study of the Efficacy and Safety of Intravitreal KUS121 in the Treatment of Non-Arteritic Central Retinal Artery Occlusion (CRAO)
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06178055
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- GION / KDK-1101-02
- Conditions
- Central Retinal Artery Occlusion
- Phase
- Phase 2
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 17 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Kyoto Drug Discovery and Development Co., Ltd.Industry (pharma, biotech, devices)
- Study start
- 16 Apr 2024 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 3 Mar 2025 (actual)
- Study completion
- 30 Nov 2025 (actual)
- First posted
- 20 Dec 2023 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
Central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) is an ophthalmologic emergency which leads to severe and permanent vision loss. There is no evidence-based therapy for CRAO. The objective of this GION study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of KUS121 intravitreal (IVT) injection in participants with acute non-arteritic CRAO.
Detailed description
This is a Phase II, double-masked, sham-controlled, multi-center, parallel-group study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of KUS121 intravitreal (IVT) injection in patients with non-arteritic Central Retinal Artery Occlusion (CRAO) diagnosed and treated within 3-48 hours of disease onset. Participants will be randomized to high dose KUS121, low dose KUS121, or sham in a 1:1:1 ratio. Participants will receive daily intravitreal injections of KUS 121 or sham, which mimics an injection, from Day 1 through Day 3. Primary efficacy endpoint is the proportion of participants who gain 15 letters or more in BCVA compared with baseline and will be assessed at Week 12. Safety evaluation will continue until a 12-month follow up.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Triple blind (participant, investigator, outcomes assessor)
- Number of arms
- 3
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| KUS121 high dose group | Experimental | Drug: KUS121 high dose |
| KUS121 low dose group | Experimental | Drug: KUS121 low dose |
| Control group | Sham comparator | Drug: Sham procedure |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 20 years and older
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (5 listed)
- Participants who are willing and able to comply with clinic visits and study-related procedures and able to provide signed informed consent in person or from their legally authorized representative
- Males and females ≥ 20 years of age at that time of providing signed informed consent
- Diagnosed as non-arteritic Central Retinal Artery Occlusion from 3 hours until no more than 48 hours after the onset of significant visual acuity changes
- Best Corrected Visual Acuity (BCVA) Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) letter score of 0 to 35 in the study eye at screening prior to enrollment (eyes with 'no light perception' or 'light perception' are to be excluded)
- Retinal thickening or hyper-reflectivity in retinal inner layers in spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT), or white turbid edema in fundus examination
Key exclusion criteria (20 listed)
- Presence of the following conditions in the study eye:
- Thrombolytic, fibrinolytic or prostaglandin E1 systemic treatment within 1 month of screening
- A positive urine pregnancy test on Day 1 prior to study enrollment
- History of allergy or hypersensitivity to KUS121 or a compound with a condensed polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon skeleton represented by naphthalene and any of excipients of KUS121 product, fluorescein, or any study treatment-related mandatory ingredients that is not amenable to treatment
- Known hypersensitivity to a study treatment procedure, dilating drops, or any of the anesthetic and antimicrobial preparations used by a participant during the study
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| KUS121 high doseParticipants will receive KUS121 high dose intravitreal (IVT) injection once on each of 3 consecutive days (Day 1 through Day 3). | Drug | KUS121 high dose group |
| KUS121 low doseParticipants will receive KUS121 low dose intravitreal (IVT) injection once on each of 3 consecutive days (Day 1 through Day 3). | Drug | KUS121 low dose group |
| Sham procedureParticipants will receive a sham procedure that mimics an intravitreal (IVT) injection once on each of 3 consecutive days (Day 1 through Day 3). | Drug | Control group |
Primary outcome
Proportion of study eyes which achieve a gain of 15 ETDRS letters or more in BCVA at Week 12 compared to baseline
Time frame: At baseline, Week 12
BCVA: Best-Corrected Visual Acuity; ETDRS: Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study. A higher ETDRS letter score means a better outcome (better visual acuity).
8 secondary outcomes
Proportion of study eyes which achieve a gain of 15 ETDRS letters or more in BCVA at Week 4 compared to baseline
Time frame: At baseline, Week 4
Proportion of study eyes which achieve a gain of 0.3 Logarithm of Minimum Angle of Resolution (Log MAR) in BCVA at Week 12 compared to baseline
Time frame: At baseline, Week 12
Proportion of study eyes which achieve a gain of 10 ETDRS letters or more in BCVA at Week 12 compared to baseline
Time frame: At baseline, Week 12
Mean change in BCVA (readable letters and Log MAR) at Week 12 compared to baseline
Time frame: At baseline, Week 12
Change in retinal thickness from baseline at Week 12 as measured by SD-OCT
Time frame: At baseline, Week 12
Change in the area of visual field from baseline to Week 12 as measured by Humphrey Field Analyzer
Time frame: At baseline, Week 12
Incidence and Severity of Ocular and Systemic (Non-Ocular) Adverse Events (AEs)
Time frame: From baseline through Week 48
Patients Reported Outcome
Time frame: Up to Week 12
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 18 Feb 2026.
- Background: PubMed 32053676Ikeda HO, Muraoka Y, Hata M, Sumi E, Ikeda T, Nakagawa T, Abe H, Tada H, Morita S, Kakizuka A, Yoshimura N, Tsujikawa A. Safety and effectiveness of a novel neuroprotectant, KUS121, in patients with non-arteritic central retinal artery occlusion: An open-label, non-randomized, first-in-humans, phase 1/2 trial. PLoS One. 2020 Feb 13;15(2):e0229068. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0229068. eCollection 2020.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Kunihiro Musashi, MD., Ph.D. study chair
Kyoto Drug Discovery & Development Co., Ltd.
11 sites in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A Phase 2 study testing KUS121 high dose and KUS121 low dose in people with Central Retinal Artery Occlusion, run by Kyoto Drug Discovery and Development Co., Ltd. at 11 sites in United States.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 5 inclusion and 20 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 18 Feb 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 11 sites in United States. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. Some participants in this study may receive a placebo. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
What does this phase mean?
Phase 2 studies give the treatment to a larger group to see whether it has the intended effect and to keep checking safety.
Not every study follows the same path, and some studies (observational studies, device studies) have no phase.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Proportion of study eyes which achieve a gain of 15 ETDRS letters or more in BCVA at Week 12 compared to baseline (time frame: At baseline, Week 12). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT06178055, which also lists 1 linked publication.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 18 Feb 2026.