Diabetic FootPAMRCTNCT06084052
Path Active Multicentre Randomised Controlled Trial (Previous Pilot: Path Active; Safety and Tolerability Study)
A study testing Path Active in people with Diabetic Foot, run by Royal Free Hospital NHS Foundation Trust at 1 site in United Kingdom.
Trial summary
Path Active™ comprises a pair of monitoring insoles which measure parameters associated with foot ulceration in diabetes: temperature and pressure. The insoles are linked via an app to the wearer's mobile phone and also to a clinical dashboard so that both wearer and clinician are alerted to early signs of skin damage… Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 to 100 years
- Conditions the study is for
- Diabetic Foot
- What is being tested?
- Path Active
- Type of treatment
- Medical device
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 120 participants
- Where
- 1 siteUnited Kingdom
- Study dates
- 2 Apr 2024to 31 Mar 2026
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- Not yet: the study is under way
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 to 100 years
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- • Participant able to give informed consent.
- Age >18 at the time of consent.
- Diagnosis of Type 1 or Type 2 Diabetes.
- Both Feet Intact (no ulceration).
- Participant understands and is willing to participate and can comply with the follow-up regime.
- Participant diabetes foot Risk Stratification as 'High Risk' as in Frame (2021) Scotland/England https://www.diabetesframe.org/
Show all 9Show fewer
- Ability to walk independently for > 100 metres i.e without use of wheelchair, walking stick or personal assistance.
- Participant able and willing to wear suitable footwear.
- Must own a mobile phone and be willing to upload WWP app.
Who cannot join
- Either foot has less than 2 arterial vessel run-off on Doppler.
- Poor visual acuity ie registered blind, unless supported by carer.
- Current participation in another clinical investigation of a medical device or a drug; or participation in such a study within 30 days prior to study enrolment.
- Body Mass Index (BMI) >40.
- Participant has bespoke contact insoles and footwear.
- Participant is unable to use 'medium' or 'large' insoles due to foot size eg. small or extra large feet.
- Participant has a pacemaker.
- Participant is pregnant.
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country. Contact the study team or a site near you to ask about taking part.
Lise Pape, MSc contact
United Kingdom1 site, 1 recruiting
- Recruiting
Royal Free Hospital
London, NW3 2QE
Richard Leigh, BSc, +44208302749, richardleigh1@nhs.net
About this study
Path Active™ comprises a pair of monitoring insoles which measure parameters associated with foot ulceration in diabetes: temperature and pressure. The insoles are linked via an app to the wearer's mobile phone and also to a clinical dashboard so that both wearer and clinician are alerted to early signs of skin damage on the foot so that immediate preventive action can be taken. The study is a multisite randomised controlled trial which will evaluate the effectiveness of Path Active™ in 60 people with diabetes who are at 'high risk' of foot ulceration, compared with 60 people who receive their usual podiatry foot checks over a period of 12 weeks.
Read the detailed description
Foot complications in people with diabetes are the most common cause of non-traumatic leg amputation in the UK with over 176 leg, toe or foot amputations every week in England. One in seven people with diabetes will develop a foot ulcer at some stage in their lives. Not only does this impair their daily activities and reduce their quality of life, it also increases their risk of amputation by up to 24-fold. Five year mortality for minor and major amputations in diabetes have been reported as 46.2% and 56.6%, respectively. Circulatory problems, nerve impairment and infection contribute to foot complications in diabetes. Prior to a foot ulceration, changes in temperature and/or pressure occur. These early warning signs can be measured by Path Active™ and alert the wearer via a mobile phone app and the clinician via a clinical dashboard so that preventive action can be taken. Currently people with diabetes who have been assessed as 'high risk' for foot ulceration are allocated appointments with podiatrists in 'foot protection teams' who review on a weekly to monthly basis. Path Active™ has the potential to reduce appointments by alerting podiatry teams to potential problems as they occur rather than regular routine reviews. Path Active™ may be able to reduce hospital and clinic visits and thereby reduce healthcare carbon footprint.
The primary objective of this clinical investigation is to evaluate the effectiveness of Path Active™ in people with diabetes who are at 'high risk' of foot ulceration. The study is a multisite randomised controlled trial which will evaluate the effectiveness of Path Active™ in 60 people with diabetes who are at 'high risk' of foot ulceration, compared with 60 people who receive their usual podiatry foot checks over a period of 12 weeks. Recruitment to the study will be in 4 clinical sites across England and Scotland.
The protocol for this study was amended from the pilot study and accepted as a 'major amendment' by the regional Ethics Committee of Essex. Therefore the IRAS number (Unique Protocol ID: 326601) has remained the same.
- Conditions
- Diabetic Foot
- Being tested
- Path Active, Control Group
- Keywords
- Foot Ulcer Prevention
- Medical subject headings
- Diabetic Foot
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Path ActiveDevice
Participant use of Path Active insoles, mobile phone app and clinician's dashboard (where pressure and temperature changes can be reviewed by a clinician). All participants will complete a patient questionnaire relating to use of the device and EuroQol - EQ5D at the beginning and end of the study.
Control GroupOther
Control Group will receive care as usual.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Path Active | Other | Participants randomised to use the device Receives: Device: Path Active |
| Control Group | Other | Participants randomised to care as usual Receives: Other: Control Group |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Incidence of Treatment-Emergent Adverse Events [Safety and Tolerability]
The primary objective of this clinical investigation is to evaluate the effectiveness of Path Active™ in people with diabetes who are at 'high risk' of foot ulceration.
Measured: 6 months (Participants will wear the device for a minimum of 7 days)
Changes Quality of Life Measurement
EuroQol EQ-5D-5L assessment for quality of life assessment at the beginning and end of the study period.
The EQ-5D-5L health profile includes the items mobility (MO), self-care (SC), usual activities (UA), pain/discomfort (PD) and anxiety/depression (AD). The EQ-5D-5L asks respondents to endorse one of five response levels for each item: "no problems," "slight problems," "moderate problems," "severe problems," and "extreme problems"/ "unable to", describing 3125 (55) health state profiles. The instrument also includes a visual analog scale (VAS) anchored by 0 (worst imaginable health) and 100 (best imaginable health) that will be analysed separately from the health profile.
Measured: 6 months (Participants will wear the device for a minimum of 12 weeks)
Device questionnaire
Participants in the 'Path Active' arm will complete study questionnaires relating to the product (ease of use, use of the mobile phone app, use of the insoles, action taken relating to app warnings).
Measured: 6 months (Participants will wear the device for a minimum of 12 weeks)
Control Group questionnaire
Participants in the 'Control Group' arm will complete study questionnaires relating to their usual care (how often do you see a healthcare professional for foot checks, how often do you examine your feet, how concerned are you about developing a foot ulcer etc)
Measured: 6 months
Secondary outcomes (1)
Reduction in CO2 comparing carbon dioxide emitted due to ulcer treatment vs carbon dioxide emitted due to device manufacture
To model the carbon dioxide reduction that occurs if ulceration and the need for ulcer treatment is prevented, in differing UK geographies. The carbon footprint for the manufacture and life span of the device will been calculated and the carbon footprint for ulcer treatment will be calculated. The difference between CO2 due to manufacture of the device will be compared with the CO2 required for ulcer treatment to show how much reduction in carbon can be made by preventing foot ulceration when using Path Active.
Measured: 6 months (Participants will wear the device for a minimum of 12 weeks)
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted16 Oct 2023
- Study start2 Apr 2024
- Primary completion31 Dec 2025 (estimated)
- Study completion31 Mar 2026 (estimated)
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (4)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Diabetic FootStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Prevention
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Single group
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 120 participants (estimated)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Royal Free Hospital NHS Foundation Trust
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Walk With Path
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Richard Leigh, Royal Free Hospital NHS Foundation Trust
- Investigators
- Richard Leigh, BSc, Study chair, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06084052
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 326601
- Acronym
- PAMRCT
- Status last verified
- Apr 2025
- First submitted
- 22 Aug 2023
- Last updated
- 15 Apr 2025
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Publications
Abbott CA, Chatwin KE, Foden P, Hasan AN, Sange C, Rajbhandari SM, Reddy PN, Vileikyte L, Bowling FL, Boulton AJM, Reeves ND. Innovative intelligent insole system reduces diabetic foot ulcer recurrence at plantar sites: a prospective, randomised, proof-of-concept study. Lancet Digit Health. 2019 Oct;1(6):e308-e318. doi: 10.1016/S2589-7500(19)30128-1. Epub 2019 Sep 26.
PubMed 33323253Armstrong DG, Boulton AJM, Bus SA. Diabetic Foot Ulcers and Their Recurrence. N Engl J Med. 2017 Jun 15;376(24):2367-2375. doi: 10.1056/NEJMra1615439. No abstract available.
PubMed 28614678Chatwin KE, Abbott CA, Boulton AJM, Bowling FL, Reeves ND. The role of foot pressure measurement in the prediction and prevention of diabetic foot ulceration-A comprehensive review. Diabetes Metab Res Rev. 2020 May;36(4):e3258. doi: 10.1002/dmrr.3258. Epub 2019 Dec 11.
PubMed 31825163Kerr M, Barron E, Chadwick P, Evans T, Kong WM, Rayman G, Sutton-Smith M, Todd G, Young B, Jeffcoate WJ. The cost of diabetic foot ulcers and amputations to the National Health Service in England. Diabet Med. 2019 Aug;36(8):995-1002. doi: 10.1111/dme.13973. Epub 2019 Jun 5.
PubMed 31004370
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 15 Apr 2025. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Path Active Multicentre Randomised Controlled Trial (Previous Pilot: Path Active; Safety and Tolerability Study)
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06084052
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- PAMRCT / 326601
- Conditions
- Diabetic Foot
- Keywords
- Foot Ulcer Prevention
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Recruiting
- Enrolment
- 120 participants (estimated)
- Lead sponsor
- Royal Free Hospital NHS Foundation TrustUniversity, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Walk With Path
- Study start
- 2 Apr 2024 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 31 Dec 2025 (estimated)
- Study completion
- 31 Mar 2026 (estimated)
- First posted
- 16 Oct 2023 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
Path Active™ comprises a pair of monitoring insoles which measure parameters associated with foot ulceration in diabetes: temperature and pressure. The insoles are linked via an app to the wearer's mobile phone and also to a clinical dashboard so that both wearer and clinician are alerted to early signs of skin damage on the foot so that immediate preventive action can be taken. The study is a multisite randomised controlled trial which will evaluate the effectiveness of Path Active™ in 60 people with diabetes who are at 'high risk' of foot ulceration, compared with 60 people who receive their usual podiatry foot checks over a period of 12 weeks.
Detailed description
Foot complications in people with diabetes are the most common cause of non-traumatic leg amputation in the UK with over 176 leg, toe or foot amputations every week in England. One in seven people with diabetes will develop a foot ulcer at some stage in their lives. Not only does this impair their daily activities and reduce their quality of life, it also increases their risk of amputation by up to 24-fold. Five year mortality for minor and major amputations in diabetes have been reported as 46.2% and 56.6%, respectively. Circulatory problems, nerve impairment and infection contribute to foot complications in diabetes. Prior to a foot ulceration, changes in temperature and/or pressure occur. These early warning signs can be measured by Path Active™ and alert the wearer via a mobile phone app and the clinician via a clinical dashboard so that preventive action can be taken. Currently people with diabetes who have been assessed as 'high risk' for foot ulceration are allocated appointments with podiatrists in 'foot protection teams' who review on a weekly to monthly basis. Path Active™ has the potential to reduce appointments by alerting podiatry teams to potential problems as they occur rather than regular routine reviews. Path Active™ may be able to reduce hospital and clinic visits and thereby reduce healthcare carbon footprint.
The primary objective of this clinical investigation is to evaluate the effectiveness of Path Active™ in people with diabetes who are at 'high risk' of foot ulceration. The study is a multisite randomised controlled trial which will evaluate the effectiveness of Path Active™ in 60 people with diabetes who are at 'high risk' of foot ulceration, compared with 60 people who receive their usual podiatry foot checks over a period of 12 weeks. Recruitment to the study will be in 4 clinical sites across England and Scotland.
The protocol for this study was amended from the pilot study and accepted as a 'major amendment' by the regional Ethics Committee of Essex. Therefore the IRAS number (Unique Protocol ID: 326601) has remained the same.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Prevention
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Single group
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Path Active | Other | Device: Path ActiveParticipants randomised to use the device |
| Control Group | Other | Other: Control GroupParticipants randomised to care as usual |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 to 100 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (9 listed)
- • Participant able to give informed consent.
- Age >18 at the time of consent.
- Diagnosis of Type 1 or Type 2 Diabetes.
- Both Feet Intact (no ulceration).
- Participant understands and is willing to participate and can comply with the follow-up regime.
Key exclusion criteria (8 listed)
- Either foot has less than 2 arterial vessel run-off on Doppler.
- Poor visual acuity ie registered blind, unless supported by carer.
- Current participation in another clinical investigation of a medical device or a drug; or participation in such a study within 30 days prior to study enrolment.
- Body Mass Index (BMI) >40.
- Participant has bespoke contact insoles and footwear.
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Path ActiveParticipant use of Path Active insoles, mobile phone app and clinician's dashboard (where pressure and temperature changes can be reviewed by a clinician). All participants will complete a patient questionnaire relating to use of the device and EuroQol - EQ5D at the beginning and end of the study. | Device | Path Active |
| Control GroupControl Group will receive care as usual. | Other | Control Group |
Primary outcome
Incidence of Treatment-Emergent Adverse Events [Safety and Tolerability]
Time frame: 6 months (Participants will wear the device for a minimum of 7 days)
The primary objective of this clinical investigation is to evaluate the effectiveness of Path Active™ in people with diabetes who are at 'high risk' of foot ulceration.
Changes Quality of Life Measurement
Time frame: 6 months (Participants will wear the device for a minimum of 12 weeks)
EuroQol EQ-5D-5L assessment for quality of life assessment at the beginning and end of the study period. The EQ-5D-5L health profile includes the items mobility (MO), self-care (SC), usual activities (UA), pain/discomfort (PD) and anxiety/depression (AD). The EQ-5D-5L asks respondents to endorse one of five response levels for each item: "no problems," "slight problems," "moderate problems," "severe problems," and "extreme problems"/ "unable to", describing 3125 (55) health state profiles. The instrument also includes a visual analog scale (VAS) anchored by 0 (worst imaginable health) and 100 (best imaginable health) that will be analysed separately from the health profile.
Device questionnaire
Time frame: 6 months (Participants will wear the device for a minimum of 12 weeks)
Participants in the 'Path Active' arm will complete study questionnaires relating to the product (ease of use, use of the mobile phone app, use of the insoles, action taken relating to app warnings).
Control Group questionnaire
Time frame: 6 months
Participants in the 'Control Group' arm will complete study questionnaires relating to their usual care (how often do you see a healthcare professional for foot checks, how often do you examine your feet, how concerned are you about developing a foot ulcer etc)
1 secondary outcome
Reduction in CO2 comparing carbon dioxide emitted due to ulcer treatment vs carbon dioxide emitted due to device manufacture
Time frame: 6 months (Participants will wear the device for a minimum of 12 weeks)
Results and safety
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 15 Apr 2025.
- Results publication: PubMed 33323253Abbott CA, Chatwin KE, Foden P, Hasan AN, Sange C, Rajbhandari SM, Reddy PN, Vileikyte L, Bowling FL, Boulton AJM, Reeves ND. Innovative intelligent insole system reduces diabetic foot ulcer recurrence at plantar sites: a prospective, randomised, proof-of-concept study. Lancet Digit Health. 2019 Oct;1(6):e308-e318. doi: 10.1016/S2589-7500(19)30128-1. Epub 2019 Sep 26.
- Results publication: PubMed 28614678Armstrong DG, Boulton AJM, Bus SA. Diabetic Foot Ulcers and Their Recurrence. N Engl J Med. 2017 Jun 15;376(24):2367-2375. doi: 10.1056/NEJMra1615439. No abstract available.
- Results publication: PubMed 31825163Chatwin KE, Abbott CA, Boulton AJM, Bowling FL, Reeves ND. The role of foot pressure measurement in the prediction and prevention of diabetic foot ulceration-A comprehensive review. Diabetes Metab Res Rev. 2020 May;36(4):e3258. doi: 10.1002/dmrr.3258. Epub 2019 Dec 11.
- Results publication: PubMed 31004370Kerr M, Barron E, Chadwick P, Evans T, Kong WM, Rayman G, Sutton-Smith M, Todd G, Young B, Jeffcoate WJ. The cost of diabetic foot ulcers and amputations to the National Health Service in England. Diabet Med. 2019 Aug;36(8):995-1002. doi: 10.1111/dme.13973. Epub 2019 Jun 5.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part.
Lise Pape, MSc contact
Richard Leigh, BSc study chair
Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Path Active in people with Diabetic Foot, run by Royal Free Hospital NHS Foundation Trust at 1 site in United Kingdom.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 9 inclusion and 8 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: looking for participants now, as of the sponsor's last update on 15 Apr 2025. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in United Kingdom. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
Contact Richard Leigh, BSc (+44208302749, richardleigh1@nhs.net), or a site near the patient. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Incidence of Treatment-Emergent Adverse Events [Safety and Tolerability] (time frame: 6 months (Participants will wear the device for a minimum of 7 days)). The study lists 4 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT06084052, which also lists 4 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 15 Apr 2025; AzTrials last refreshed its copy on 27 Oct 2026.