ShockRENINNCT05898126
Renin-guided Hemodynamic Management in Patients With Shock
A study testing Renin-guided hemodynamic management in people with Shock, run by Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele at 3 sites in 2 countries.
Trial summary
Shock is a major risk factor for mortality among patients admitted to intensive care units (ICUs). Since various hemodynamic strategies uniformly delivered to patients with shock have failed to improve clinically relevant outcomes, individualized approaches for shock supported by robust evidence are required. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 years and older
- Conditions the study is for
- Shock
- What is being tested?
- Renin-guided hemodynamic management
- Type of treatment
- Surgery or procedure
- Could I receive a placebo?
- Yes, some participants may receive a placebo
- How many people
- 800 participants
- Where
- 3 sitesin 2 countries
- Study dates
- 27 Jan 2025to 28 Jul 2027
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- Not yet: the study is under way
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 years and older
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- ≥18 years old
- Admitted to an intensive care unit (ICU)
- Requiring norepinephrine infusion at any dose to maintain a mean arterial pressure (MAP) of ≥65 mmHg after initial fluid resuscitation
- Expected to stay in the ICU for at least 24 hours
- Written informed consent from the patient him-/herself or the patient's next of kin as requested by the ethics committee.
Who cannot join
- Pregnancy
- Refused informed consent
- Current enrollment into another randomized controlled trial that does not allow concomitant enrollment
- Requiring vasopressors for >12 hours before the enrollment
- Renal failure with an imminent need for renal replacement therapy (RRT)
- Intention to use RRT by clinical judgment despite lack of urgent clinical indication
Show all 12Show fewer
- AKI stage 2 and 3 at enrollment according to the KDIGO criteria
- Prior enrollment in this study
- Severe liver disease (Child-Pugh score >7 points)
- Chronic kidney disease (CKD) equal to or worse than CKD stage IV (eGFR <30 mL/min/1.73 m2)
- History of kidney transplant
- Any condition explicitly requiring a higher or lower blood pressure target according to clinical judgment
Trial locations and contacts
3 sites in 2 countries. Contact the study team or a site near you to ask about taking part.
3 sites in 2 countries
Italy2 sites, 2 recruiting
- Not yet recruiting
Ospedale Mater Domini
Catanzaro, Calabria
Andrea Bruni, MD
- Recruiting
IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele
Milan, 20132
Alessandro Belletti, MD, 0226436158 ext. +39, belletti.alessandro@hsr.it
Croatia1 site, 1 recruiting
- Recruiting
University Hospital Dubrava
Dubrava
Nikola Bradic, MD
About this study
Official title: Effect of Personalized Hemodynamic Management Based on Serum Renin Concentration on Acute Kidney Injury Progression in Patients With Shock: a Randomized Controlled Trial.
Shock is a major risk factor for mortality among patients admitted to intensive care units (ICUs). Since various hemodynamic strategies uniformly delivered to patients with shock have failed to improve clinically relevant outcomes, individualized approaches for shock supported by robust evidence are required. This study will be a prospective, multicenter, parallel-group, single-blind, randomized controlled trial. The investigators will randomly assign 800 critically ill patients requiring norepinephrine infusion to the renin-guided or usual care groups. The investigators hypothesize that renin-guided hemodynamic management, compared to usual care, can reduce a composite of mortality and acute kidney injury (AKI) progression in patients requiring vasopressor support.
Read the detailed description
Shock is a common cause of death among patients admitted to intensive care units. Acute kidney injury (AKI) frequently occurs in patients with shock (3, 4). Maintaining adequate perfusion pressure and oxygen delivery is crucial in the hemodynamic management of shock (5). Several randomized controlled trials have evaluated the effect of various hemodynamic protocols treating shock patients with a "one size fits all" approach. However, such protocols did not reduce mortality (6-8). The task force of the surviving sepsis campaign identified the personalization of sepsis resuscitation as a research priority (9). Moreover, a large RCT showed that personalizing blood pressure targets reduced the risk of postoperative organ dysfunction in patients undergoing major surgery (10). These findings suggest that applying individualized hemodynamic strategy may optimize shock treatment and potentially improve outcomes (11).
Recent studies have investigated renin as a novel marker of tissue hypoperfusion in critically ill patients. While serum lactate level has been the most common and validated marker for tissue hypoperfusion (12), several studies are now suggesting that renin may predict mortality better than lactate in critically ill patients (13, 14). Notably, relative renin increase is associated with adverse clinical outcomes and shock reversal has been shown to decrease renin concentration (15).
The investigators aim to perform the Randomized Evaluation of persoNalized hemodynamIc maNagement based on serum renin concentration (RENIN) trial to test the hypothesis that renin-guided hemodynamic management can reduce a composite of mortality and acute kidney injury (AKI) progression during the hospital stay in patients requiring vasopressors compared with usual care.
- Conditions
- Shock
- Being tested
- Renin-guided hemodynamic management, Usual care
- Keywords
- Shock, Renin, Vasopressor, Lactate, Acute Kidney Injury, Intensive Care Unit, Mortality, Quality of life
- Medical subject headings
- Shock, Acute Kidney Injury
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Renin-guided hemodynamic managementProcedure or surgery
If normalization of renin levels is achieved (values within the normal laboratory range), we will continue with usual care according to local protocols.
Usual careProcedure or surgery
Standard of care
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Renin-guided hemodynamic management | Experimental | We will measure serum renin values every six hours. If the measured renin concentration increases by more that 20% compared with the last value, the target mean arterial pressure (MAP) will be elevated to 75-80 mmHg. If the subsequent renin level is still rising, the target MAP will be further raised to 85-90 mmHg and the addition of inotropes will be considered. If the first subsequent renin level decreases or increases by ≤20%, the target MAP will be kept at 75-80 mmHg. If the renin level at the subsequent measurement after reaching the highest step of management protocol is still increasing, a failure of the intervention will be declared, the target MAP will return to 65-70 mmHg. If renin level further decreases or increases ≤20% for two consecutive measurements, we will downgrade the target MAP to the previous step. Receives: Procedure: Renin-guided hemodynamic management |
| Usual care | Sham comparator | Patients in the usual care group will be managed according to standard of practice at each participating center. Receives: Procedure: Usual care |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
A composite of mortality or AKI progression at 30 days after randomization.
The primary outcome will be a composite of mortality or AKI progression at 30 days after randomization. We will define AKI progression as increasing at least two AKI stages compared to the AKI stage at study enrollment. We will define and stage AKI according to the current international criteria, the KDIGO guidelines (16). We will use both creatinine and urine output criteria.
Measured: 30 days
Secondary outcomes (9)
All-cause mortality at intensive care unit discharge, hospital discharge, and 90 days after randomization.
Measured: 90 days
The need for and duration of vasopressors at 30 days after randomization
Deaths within the initial 30 days were assigned 30 days of duration of vasopressors at day 30.
Measured: 30 days
Days alive and free from mechanical ventilation
Deaths within the initial 30 days were assigned zero days alive and free from mechanical ventilation at day 30.
Measured: 30 days
Day alive and free from renal replacement therapy.
Deaths within the initial 30 days were assigned zero days alive and free from renal replacement therapy at day 30.
Measured: 30 days
Days alive and outside the ICU.
Deaths within the initial 30 days were assigned zero days alive and outside the ICU at day 30.
Measured: 30 days
Duration of hospital stay.
Deaths within the initial 30 days were assigned 30 days of hospital stay.
Measured: 30 days
Major adverse kidney events at day 90.
Major adverse kidney events are defined as a composite of death, the dependence of renal replacement therapy, and persistent renal dysfunction (defined as a 25% or greater decline in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) from the baseline) (17).
Measured: 90 days
Quality of life at day 90.
EQ-5D-5L is the most widely used measure of health-related quality of life.
Measured: 90 days
Adverse events during hospital stay.
Adverse events will include atrial fibrillation, acute myocardial infarction, ventricular fibrillation or tachycardia, digital ischemia, mesenteric ischemia, bleeding, reintubation, need for non-invasive ventilation, delirium, and stroke.
Measured: 30 days
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted12 Jun 2023
- Study start27 Jan 2025
- Primary completion28 Apr 2027 (estimated)
- Study completion28 Jul 2027 (estimated)
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (19)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for ShockStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Model description
- Clinical trial in which patients affected by shock, randomly receive either renin-guided hemodynamic management or usual care.
- Masking
- Single blind
- Who is masked
- Participant
- Enrolment
- 800 participants (estimated)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Giovanni Landoni, Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT05898126
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- RENIN - 141/INT/2022
- Other IDs
- GR-2021-12375069
- Acronym
- RENIN
- Status last verified
- Aug 2025
- First submitted
- 31 May 2023
- Last updated
- 6 Aug 2025
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- Yes
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
Publications
Orban JC, Walrave Y, Mongardon N, Allaouchiche B, Argaud L, Aubrun F, Barjon G, Constantin JM, Dhonneur G, Durand-Gasselin J, Dupont H, Genestal M, Goguey C, Goutorbe P, Guidet B, Hyvernat H, Jaber S, Lefrant JY, Malledant Y, Morel J, Ouattara A, Pichon N, Guerin Robardey AM, Sirodot M, Theissen A, Wiramus S, Zieleskiewicz L, Leone M, Ichai C; AzuRea Network. Causes and Characteristics of Death in Intensive Care Units: A Prospective Multicenter Study. Anesthesiology. 2017 May;126(5):882-889. doi: 10.1097/ALN.0000000000001612.
PubMed 28296682Mayr VD, Dunser MW, Greil V, Jochberger S, Luckner G, Ulmer H, Friesenecker BE, Takala J, Hasibeder WR. Causes of death and determinants of outcome in critically ill patients. Crit Care. 2006;10(6):R154. doi: 10.1186/cc5086.
PubMed 17083735Marenzi G, Assanelli E, Campodonico J, De Metrio M, Lauri G, Marana I, Moltrasio M, Rubino M, Veglia F, Montorsi P, Bartorelli AL. Acute kidney injury in ST-segment elevation acute myocardial infarction complicated by cardiogenic shock at admission. Crit Care Med. 2010 Feb;38(2):438-44. doi: 10.1097/CCM.0b013e3181b9eb3b.
PubMed 19789449Bagshaw SM, Lapinsky S, Dial S, Arabi Y, Dodek P, Wood G, Ellis P, Guzman J, Marshall J, Parrillo JE, Skrobik Y, Kumar A; Cooperative Antimicrobial Therapy of Septic Shock (CATSS) Database Research Group. Acute kidney injury in septic shock: clinical outcomes and impact of duration of hypotension prior to initiation of antimicrobial therapy. Intensive Care Med. 2009 May;35(5):871-81. doi: 10.1007/s00134-008-1367-2. Epub 2008 Dec 9.
PubMed 19066848Cecconi M, De Backer D, Antonelli M, Beale R, Bakker J, Hofer C, Jaeschke R, Mebazaa A, Pinsky MR, Teboul JL, Vincent JL, Rhodes A. Consensus on circulatory shock and hemodynamic monitoring. Task force of the European Society of Intensive Care Medicine. Intensive Care Med. 2014 Dec;40(12):1795-815. doi: 10.1007/s00134-014-3525-z. Epub 2014 Nov 13.
PubMed 25392034Hernandez G, Ospina-Tascon GA, Damiani LP, Estenssoro E, Dubin A, Hurtado J, Friedman G, Castro R, Alegria L, Teboul JL, Cecconi M, Ferri G, Jibaja M, Pairumani R, Fernandez P, Barahona D, Granda-Luna V, Cavalcanti AB, Bakker J; The ANDROMEDA SHOCK Investigators and the Latin America Intensive Care Network (LIVEN); Hernandez G, Ospina-Tascon G, Petri Damiani L, Estenssoro E, Dubin A, Hurtado J, Friedman G, Castro R, Alegria L, Teboul JL, Cecconi M, Cecconi M, Ferri G, Jibaja M, Pairumani R, Fernandez P, Barahona D, Cavalcanti AB, Bakker J, Hernandez G, Alegria L, Ferri G, Rodriguez N, Holger P, Soto N, Pozo M, Bakker J, Cook D, Vincent JL, Rhodes A, Kavanagh BP, Dellinger P, Rietdijk W, Carpio D, Pavez N, Henriquez E, Bravo S, Valenzuela ED, Vera M, Dreyse J, Oviedo V, Cid MA, Larroulet M, Petruska E, Sarabia C, Gallardo D, Sanchez JE, Gonzalez H, Arancibia JM, Munoz A, Ramirez G, Aravena F, Aquevedo A, Zambrano F, Bozinovic M, Valle F, Ramirez M, Rossel V, Munoz P, Ceballos C, Esveile C, Carmona C, Candia E, Mendoza D, Sanchez A, Ponce D, Ponce D, Lastra J, Nahuelpan B, Fasce F, Luengo C, Medel N, Cortes C, Campassi L, Rubatto P, Horna N, Furche M, Pendino JC, Bettini L, Lovesio C, Gonzalez MC, Rodruguez J, Canales H, Caminos F, Galletti C, Minoldo E, Aramburu MJ, Olmos D, Nin N, Tenzi J, Quiroga C, Lacuesta P, Gaudin A, Pais R, Silvestre A, Olivera G, Rieppi G, Berrutti D, Ochoa M, Cobos P, Vintimilla F, Ramirez V, Tobar M, Garcia F, Picoita F, Remache N, Granda V, Paredes F, Barzallo E, Garces P, Guerrero F, Salazar S, Torres G, Tana C, Calahorrano J, Solis F, Torres P, Herrera L, Ornes A, Perez V, Delgado G, Lopez A, Espinosa E, Moreira J, Salcedo B, Villacres I, Suing J, Lopez M, Gomez L, Toctaquiza G, Cadena Zapata M, Orazabal MA, Pardo Espejo R, Jimenez J, Calderon A, Paredes G, Barberan JL, Moya T, Atehortua H, Sabogal R, Ortiz G, Lara A, Sanchez F, Hernan Portilla A, Davila H, Mora JA, Calderon LE, Alvarez I, Escobar E, Bejarano A, Bustamante LA, Aldana JL. Effect of a Resuscitation Strategy Targeting Peripheral Perfusion Status vs Serum Lactate Levels on 28-Day Mortality Among Patients With Septic Shock: The ANDROMEDA-SHOCK Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA. 2019 Feb 19;321(7):654-664. doi: 10.1001/jama.2019.0071.
PubMed 30772908Asfar P, Meziani F, Hamel JF, Grelon F, Megarbane B, Anguel N, Mira JP, Dequin PF, Gergaud S, Weiss N, Legay F, Le Tulzo Y, Conrad M, Robert R, Gonzalez F, Guitton C, Tamion F, Tonnelier JM, Guezennec P, Van Der Linden T, Vieillard-Baron A, Mariotte E, Pradel G, Lesieur O, Ricard JD, Herve F, du Cheyron D, Guerin C, Mercat A, Teboul JL, Radermacher P; SEPSISPAM Investigators. High versus low blood-pressure target in patients with septic shock. N Engl J Med. 2014 Apr 24;370(17):1583-93. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1312173. Epub 2014 Mar 18.
PubMed 24635770Lamontagne F, Richards-Belle A, Thomas K, Harrison DA, Sadique MZ, Grieve RD, Camsooksai J, Darnell R, Gordon AC, Henry D, Hudson N, Mason AJ, Saull M, Whitman C, Young JD, Rowan KM, Mouncey PR; 65 trial investigators. Effect of Reduced Exposure to Vasopressors on 90-Day Mortality in Older Critically Ill Patients With Vasodilatory Hypotension: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA. 2020 Mar 10;323(10):938-949. doi: 10.1001/jama.2020.0930.
PubMed 32049269Lat I, Coopersmith CM, De Backer D, Coopersmith CM; Research Committee of the Surviving Sepsis Campaign. The surviving sepsis campaign: fluid resuscitation and vasopressor therapy research priorities in adult patients. Intensive Care Med Exp. 2021 Mar 1;9(1):10. doi: 10.1186/s40635-021-00369-9.
PubMed 33644843Futier E, Lefrant JY, Guinot PG, Godet T, Lorne E, Cuvillon P, Bertran S, Leone M, Pastene B, Piriou V, Molliex S, Albanese J, Julia JM, Tavernier B, Imhoff E, Bazin JE, Constantin JM, Pereira B, Jaber S; INPRESS Study Group. Effect of Individualized vs Standard Blood Pressure Management Strategies on Postoperative Organ Dysfunction Among High-Risk Patients Undergoing Major Surgery: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA. 2017 Oct 10;318(14):1346-1357. doi: 10.1001/jama.2017.14172.
PubMed 28973220Saugel B, Vincent JL, Wagner JY. Personalized hemodynamic management. Curr Opin Crit Care. 2017 Aug;23(4):334-341. doi: 10.1097/MCC.0000000000000422.
PubMed 28562384Evans L, Rhodes A, Alhazzani W, Antonelli M, Coopersmith CM, French C, Machado FR, Mcintyre L, Ostermann M, Prescott HC, Schorr C, Simpson S, Wiersinga WJ, Alshamsi F, Angus DC, Arabi Y, Azevedo L, Beale R, Beilman G, Belley-Cote E, Burry L, Cecconi M, Centofanti J, Coz Yataco A, De Waele J, Dellinger RP, Doi K, Du B, Estenssoro E, Ferrer R, Gomersall C, Hodgson C, Moller MH, Iwashyna T, Jacob S, Kleinpell R, Klompas M, Koh Y, Kumar A, Kwizera A, Lobo S, Masur H, McGloughlin S, Mehta S, Mehta Y, Mer M, Nunnally M, Oczkowski S, Osborn T, Papathanassoglou E, Perner A, Puskarich M, Roberts J, Schweickert W, Seckel M, Sevransky J, Sprung CL, Welte T, Zimmerman J, Levy M. Surviving sepsis campaign: international guidelines for management of sepsis and septic shock 2021. Intensive Care Med. 2021 Nov;47(11):1181-1247. doi: 10.1007/s00134-021-06506-y. Epub 2021 Oct 2. No abstract available.
PubMed 34599691Gleeson PJ, Crippa IA, Mongkolpun W, Cavicchi FZ, Van Meerhaeghe T, Brimioulle S, Taccone FS, Vincent JL, Creteur J. Renin as a Marker of Tissue-Perfusion and Prognosis in Critically Ill Patients. Crit Care Med. 2019 Feb;47(2):152-158. doi: 10.1097/CCM.0000000000003544.
PubMed 30653055Jeyaraju M, McCurdy MT, Levine AR, Devarajan P, Mazzeffi MA, Mullins KE, Reif M, Yim DN, Parrino C, Lankford AS, Chow JH. Renin Kinetics Are Superior to Lactate Kinetics for Predicting In-Hospital Mortality in Hypotensive Critically Ill Patients. Crit Care Med. 2022 Jan 1;50(1):50-60. doi: 10.1097/CCM.0000000000005143.
PubMed 34166293Kullmar M, Saadat-Gilani K, Weiss R, Massoth C, Lagan A, Cortes MN, Gerss J, Chawla LS, Fliser D, Meersch M, Zarbock A. Kinetic Changes of Plasma Renin Concentrations Predict Acute Kidney Injury in Cardiac Surgery Patients. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2021 May 1;203(9):1119-1126. doi: 10.1164/rccm.202005-2050OC.
PubMed 33320784
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 6 Aug 2025. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Effect of Personalized Hemodynamic Management Based on Serum Renin Concentration on Acute Kidney Injury Progression in Patients With Shock: a Randomized Controlled Trial.
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT05898126
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- RENIN / RENIN - 141/INT/2022
- Conditions
- Shock
- Keywords
- Shock, Renin, Vasopressor, Lactate, Acute Kidney Injury, Intensive Care Unit, Mortality, Quality of life
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Recruiting
- Enrolment
- 800 participants (estimated)
- Lead sponsor
- Università Vita-Salute San RaffaeleUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 27 Jan 2025 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 28 Apr 2027 (estimated)
- Study completion
- 28 Jul 2027 (estimated)
- First posted
- 12 Jun 2023 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
Shock is a major risk factor for mortality among patients admitted to intensive care units (ICUs). Since various hemodynamic strategies uniformly delivered to patients with shock have failed to improve clinically relevant outcomes, individualized approaches for shock supported by robust evidence are required. This study will be a prospective, multicenter, parallel-group, single-blind, randomized controlled trial. The investigators will randomly assign 800 critically ill patients requiring norepinephrine infusion to the renin-guided or usual care groups. The investigators hypothesize that renin-guided hemodynamic management, compared to usual care, can reduce a composite of mortality and acute kidney injury (AKI) progression in patients requiring vasopressor support.
Detailed description
Shock is a common cause of death among patients admitted to intensive care units. Acute kidney injury (AKI) frequently occurs in patients with shock (3, 4). Maintaining adequate perfusion pressure and oxygen delivery is crucial in the hemodynamic management of shock (5). Several randomized controlled trials have evaluated the effect of various hemodynamic protocols treating shock patients with a "one size fits all" approach. However, such protocols did not reduce mortality (6-8). The task force of the surviving sepsis campaign identified the personalization of sepsis resuscitation as a research priority (9). Moreover, a large RCT showed that personalizing blood pressure targets reduced the risk of postoperative organ dysfunction in patients undergoing major surgery (10). These findings suggest that applying individualized hemodynamic strategy may optimize shock treatment and potentially improve outcomes (11).
Recent studies have investigated renin as a novel marker of tissue hypoperfusion in critically ill patients. While serum lactate level has been the most common and validated marker for tissue hypoperfusion (12), several studies are now suggesting that renin may predict mortality better than lactate in critically ill patients (13, 14). Notably, relative renin increase is associated with adverse clinical outcomes and shock reversal has been shown to decrease renin concentration (15).
The investigators aim to perform the Randomized Evaluation of persoNalized hemodynamIc maNagement based on serum renin concentration (RENIN) trial to test the hypothesis that renin-guided hemodynamic management can reduce a composite of mortality and acute kidney injury (AKI) progression during the hospital stay in patients requiring vasopressors compared with usual care.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind (participant)
- Number of arms
- 2
- Model description
- Clinical trial in which patients affected by shock, randomly receive either renin-guided hemodynamic management or usual care.
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Renin-guided hemodynamic management | Experimental | Procedure: Renin-guided hemodynamic managementWe will measure serum renin values every six hours. If the measured renin concentration increases by more that 20% compared with the last value, the target mean arterial pressure (MAP) will be elevated to 75-80 mmHg. If the subsequent renin level is still rising, the target MAP will be further raised to 85-90 mmHg and the addition of inotropes will be considered. If the first subsequent renin level decreases or increases by ≤20%, the target MAP will be kept at 75-80 mmHg. If the renin level at the subsequent measurement after reaching the highest step of management protocol is still increasing, a failure of the intervention will be declared, the target MAP will return to 65-70 mmHg. If renin level further decreases or increases ≤20% for two consecutive measurements, we will downgrade the target MAP to the previous step. |
| Usual care | Sham comparator | Procedure: Usual carePatients in the usual care group will be managed according to standard of practice at each participating center. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 years and older
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (5 listed)
- ≥18 years old
- Admitted to an intensive care unit (ICU)
- Requiring norepinephrine infusion at any dose to maintain a mean arterial pressure (MAP) of ≥65 mmHg after initial fluid resuscitation
- Expected to stay in the ICU for at least 24 hours
- Written informed consent from the patient him-/herself or the patient's next of kin as requested by the ethics committee.
Key exclusion criteria (12 listed)
- Pregnancy
- Refused informed consent
- Current enrollment into another randomized controlled trial that does not allow concomitant enrollment
- Requiring vasopressors for >12 hours before the enrollment
- Renal failure with an imminent need for renal replacement therapy (RRT)
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Renin-guided hemodynamic managementIf normalization of renin levels is achieved (values within the normal laboratory range), we will continue with usual care according to local protocols. | Procedure or surgery | Renin-guided hemodynamic management |
| Usual careStandard of care | Procedure or surgery | Usual care |
Primary outcome
A composite of mortality or AKI progression at 30 days after randomization.
Time frame: 30 days
The primary outcome will be a composite of mortality or AKI progression at 30 days after randomization. We will define AKI progression as increasing at least two AKI stages compared to the AKI stage at study enrollment. We will define and stage AKI according to the current international criteria, the KDIGO guidelines (16). We will use both creatinine and urine output criteria.
9 secondary outcomes
All-cause mortality at intensive care unit discharge, hospital discharge, and 90 days after randomization.
Time frame: 90 days
The need for and duration of vasopressors at 30 days after randomization
Time frame: 30 days
Days alive and free from mechanical ventilation
Time frame: 30 days
Day alive and free from renal replacement therapy.
Time frame: 30 days
Days alive and outside the ICU.
Time frame: 30 days
Duration of hospital stay.
Time frame: 30 days
Major adverse kidney events at day 90.
Time frame: 90 days
Quality of life at day 90.
Time frame: 90 days
Adverse events during hospital stay.
Time frame: 30 days
Results and safety
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 6 Aug 2025.
- Background: PubMed 28296682Orban JC, Walrave Y, Mongardon N, Allaouchiche B, Argaud L, Aubrun F, Barjon G, Constantin JM, Dhonneur G, Durand-Gasselin J, Dupont H, Genestal M, Goguey C, Goutorbe P, Guidet B, Hyvernat H, Jaber S, Lefrant JY, Malledant Y, Morel J, Ouattara A, Pichon N, Guerin Robardey AM, Sirodot M, Theissen A, Wiramus S, Zieleskiewicz L, Leone M, Ichai C; AzuRea Network. Causes and Characteristics of Death in Intensive Care Units: A Prospective Multicenter Study. Anesthesiology. 2017 May;126(5):882-889. doi: 10.1097/ALN.0000000000001612.
- Background: PubMed 17083735Mayr VD, Dunser MW, Greil V, Jochberger S, Luckner G, Ulmer H, Friesenecker BE, Takala J, Hasibeder WR. Causes of death and determinants of outcome in critically ill patients. Crit Care. 2006;10(6):R154. doi: 10.1186/cc5086.
- Background: PubMed 19789449Marenzi G, Assanelli E, Campodonico J, De Metrio M, Lauri G, Marana I, Moltrasio M, Rubino M, Veglia F, Montorsi P, Bartorelli AL. Acute kidney injury in ST-segment elevation acute myocardial infarction complicated by cardiogenic shock at admission. Crit Care Med. 2010 Feb;38(2):438-44. doi: 10.1097/CCM.0b013e3181b9eb3b.
- Background: PubMed 19066848Bagshaw SM, Lapinsky S, Dial S, Arabi Y, Dodek P, Wood G, Ellis P, Guzman J, Marshall J, Parrillo JE, Skrobik Y, Kumar A; Cooperative Antimicrobial Therapy of Septic Shock (CATSS) Database Research Group. Acute kidney injury in septic shock: clinical outcomes and impact of duration of hypotension prior to initiation of antimicrobial therapy. Intensive Care Med. 2009 May;35(5):871-81. doi: 10.1007/s00134-008-1367-2. Epub 2008 Dec 9.
- Background: PubMed 25392034Cecconi M, De Backer D, Antonelli M, Beale R, Bakker J, Hofer C, Jaeschke R, Mebazaa A, Pinsky MR, Teboul JL, Vincent JL, Rhodes A. Consensus on circulatory shock and hemodynamic monitoring. Task force of the European Society of Intensive Care Medicine. Intensive Care Med. 2014 Dec;40(12):1795-815. doi: 10.1007/s00134-014-3525-z. Epub 2014 Nov 13.
- Background: PubMed 30772908Hernandez G, Ospina-Tascon GA, Damiani LP, Estenssoro E, Dubin A, Hurtado J, Friedman G, Castro R, Alegria L, Teboul JL, Cecconi M, Ferri G, Jibaja M, Pairumani R, Fernandez P, Barahona D, Granda-Luna V, Cavalcanti AB, Bakker J; The ANDROMEDA SHOCK Investigators and the Latin America Intensive Care Network (LIVEN); Hernandez G, Ospina-Tascon G, Petri Damiani L, Estenssoro E, Dubin A, Hurtado J, Friedman G, Castro R, Alegria L, Teboul JL, Cecconi M, Cecconi M, Ferri G, Jibaja M, Pairumani R, Fernandez P, Barahona D, Cavalcanti AB, Bakker J, Hernandez G, Alegria L, Ferri G, Rodriguez N, Holger P, Soto N, Pozo M, Bakker J, Cook D, Vincent JL, Rhodes A, Kavanagh BP, Dellinger P, Rietdijk W, Carpio D, Pavez N, Henriquez E, Bravo S, Valenzuela ED, Vera M, Dreyse J, Oviedo V, Cid MA, Larroulet M, Petruska E, Sarabia C, Gallardo D, Sanchez JE, Gonzalez H, Arancibia JM, Munoz A, Ramirez G, Aravena F, Aquevedo A, Zambrano F, Bozinovic M, Valle F, Ramirez M, Rossel V, Munoz P, Ceballos C, Esveile C, Carmona C, Candia E, Mendoza D, Sanchez A, Ponce D, Ponce D, Lastra J, Nahuelpan B, Fasce F, Luengo C, Medel N, Cortes C, Campassi L, Rubatto P, Horna N, Furche M, Pendino JC, Bettini L, Lovesio C, Gonzalez MC, Rodruguez J, Canales H, Caminos F, Galletti C, Minoldo E, Aramburu MJ, Olmos D, Nin N, Tenzi J, Quiroga C, Lacuesta P, Gaudin A, Pais R, Silvestre A, Olivera G, Rieppi G, Berrutti D, Ochoa M, Cobos P, Vintimilla F, Ramirez V, Tobar M, Garcia F, Picoita F, Remache N, Granda V, Paredes F, Barzallo E, Garces P, Guerrero F, Salazar S, Torres G, Tana C, Calahorrano J, Solis F, Torres P, Herrera L, Ornes A, Perez V, Delgado G, Lopez A, Espinosa E, Moreira J, Salcedo B, Villacres I, Suing J, Lopez M, Gomez L, Toctaquiza G, Cadena Zapata M, Orazabal MA, Pardo Espejo R, Jimenez J, Calderon A, Paredes G, Barberan JL, Moya T, Atehortua H, Sabogal R, Ortiz G, Lara A, Sanchez F, Hernan Portilla A, Davila H, Mora JA, Calderon LE, Alvarez I, Escobar E, Bejarano A, Bustamante LA, Aldana JL. Effect of a Resuscitation Strategy Targeting Peripheral Perfusion Status vs Serum Lactate Levels on 28-Day Mortality Among Patients With Septic Shock: The ANDROMEDA-SHOCK Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA. 2019 Feb 19;321(7):654-664. doi: 10.1001/jama.2019.0071.
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part.
3 sites in 2 countries: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Renin-guided hemodynamic management in people with Shock, run by Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele at 3 sites in 2 countries.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 5 inclusion and 12 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: looking for participants now, as of the sponsor's last update on 6 Aug 2025. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 3 sites in Italy, Croatia. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. Some participants in this study may receive a placebo. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
Contact Alessandro Belletti, MD (0039 0226436151, belletti.alessandro@hsr.it), or a site near the patient. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
A composite of mortality or AKI progression at 30 days after randomization. (time frame: 30 days). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT05898126, which also lists 19 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 6 Aug 2025; AzTrials last refreshed its copy on 26 Oct 2026.