Rheumatoid ArthritisNCT05788705
Efficacy of JAK STAT Pathways Inhibitors in Treatment of Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis
A study testing Green Tea Polyphenolics (EGCG), Chamomile (Matricaria recutita) and Licorice in people with Rheumatoid Arthritis, run by Adel A.Gomaa at 1 site in Egypt.
Trial summary
There is no treatment that could utterly cure Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), but the disease is mainly improved by conventional disease-modifying anti rheumatic drugs. Methotrexate and biological DMARDs as JAK-STAT inhibitors may be used to control and delay the progression of the disease and improve the quality of lives… Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 to 60 years
- Conditions the study is for
- Rheumatoid Arthritis
- What is being tested?
- Green Tea Polyphenolics (EGCG), Chamomile (Matricaria recutita) and Licorice
- Type of treatment
- Pill or oral medicine
- Could I receive a placebo?
- Yes, some participants may receive a placebo
- How many people
- 60 participants
- Where
- 1 siteEgypt
- Study dates
- 5 Apr 2025to 1 Oct 2026
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 to 60 years
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult
Who may be able to join
- Male or female,ages18-60.
- Patients who met criteria for the diagnosis of RA
- Patients who were signed the informed consent form.
Who cannot join
- Patients with Malignant tumours,
- Patients with Infectious diseases,
- Patients with Hematologic diseases.
- Patients with other rheumatic diseases.
- Women who are pregnant or breastfeeding.
- Hypersensitivity to dietary supplement used in this study.
- Hypertensive patients
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
About this study
Official title: Evaluation of the Efficacy of Natural JAK_ STAT Pathways Inhibitors in Treatment of Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis as a Complementary Medicine
There is no treatment that could utterly cure Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), but the disease is mainly improved by conventional disease-modifying anti rheumatic drugs. Methotrexate and biological DMARDs as JAK-STAT inhibitors may be used to control and delay the progression of the disease and improve the quality of lives of patients. However, DMARDs have deleterious effects on human health. Several natural products have been reported to exert inhibitory effects on the JAK-STAT signaling pathway, including green tea extract, chamomile extract, and licorice extract.
Read the detailed description
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, progressive, systemic autoimmune disease characterized by inflammatory cell infiltration and synovial proliferation, accompanied by progressive damage to articular cartilage and subchondral bone. The prevalence of RA is approximately 3.6% in women and 1.7% in men. Although there is currently no definitive cure for RA, disease activity and progression can be effectively controlled with conventional disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs), including methotrexate, as well as biological and targeted synthetic DMARDs. However, the long-term use of these agents may be associated with various adverse effects, highlighting the need for safe and effective complementary therapeutic approaches.
The Janus kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK-STAT) pathway plays an important role in the regulation of inflammatory and immune responses in RA. Activation of this pathway by cytokines, particularly interleukin-6 (IL-6), contributes to the persistence of synovial inflammation and disease activity. Therefore, modulation of the JAK-STAT signaling pathway represents a potential therapeutic approach in RA. Several studies have demonstrated that natural plant-derived compounds and extracts possess immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties and may interfere with the JAK-STAT pathway, thereby reducing the production or signaling of pro-inflammatory cytokines.
Among these natural products, licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) contains several bioactive constituents, particularly glycyrrhizin, which has been reported to attenuate inflammatory signaling and inhibit components of the JAK-STAT pathway. Glycyrrhizin has been shown to reduce JAK/STAT signaling and may exert anti-inflammatory effects through modulation of IL-6-related signaling. Similarly, chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla) is rich in flavonoids, including apigenin, which has demonstrated anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory activities. Apigenin has been reported to inhibit JAK1/2 and STAT3 phosphorylation and to reduce inflammatory cytokine production, supporting its potential role in the modulation of JAK-STAT-mediated inflammatory responses.
Green tea (Camellia sinensis) is another natural product rich in polyphenolic compounds, particularly catechins, with epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) being one of its major bioactive constituents. Green tea polyphenols have demonstrated anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects and have been reported to interfere with JAK-STAT signaling. EGCG has been shown to suppress JAK1/JAK2 and STAT3 activation and to reduce the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including IL-6. These effects suggest that green tea extract may contribute to attenuation of inflammatory responses involved in RA and may have potential as a complementary therapeutic intervention.
Collectively, the reported anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties of green tea, chamomile, and licorice, together with their potential effects on JAK-STAT signaling, provide a rationale for investigating these natural products as complementary therapies in RA. Therefore, the present study aimed to assess the efficacy of selected natural JAK-STAT pathway inhibitors, namely green tea, chamomile, and licorice, as complementary medicine in the treatment of patients with rheumatoid arthritis and to evaluate their potential role in attenuating treatment-related adverse effects.
our Research outcome measures:
- Primary (main):
- The change in DAS28 based on Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (DAS28-ESR) and the Clinical Disease Activity Index (CDAI)
- Rate of achieving 20% improvement in the American College Rheumatology criteria (ACR20).
- Change in visual analogue scale (VAS).
- Determination of Inflammatory cytokines levels: (Tumor necrosis factor α or Interleukin 6).
- Secondary (subsidiary):
- physician's global assessment
- Determination of synovitis musculoskeletal ultrasound (MSUS) 3.Safety and Tolerability Measures: adverse events including nausea, vomiting, dizziness and abdominal pain, CBC as well as kidney and liver function tests will be performed before enrolment and after treatment.
- Conditions
- Rheumatoid Arthritis
- Being tested
- Green Tea Polyphenolics (EGCG), Chamomile (Matricaria recutita), Licorice, Placebo
- Medical subject headings
- Arthritis, Rheumatoid
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Green Tea Polyphenolics (EGCG)Dietary supplement
this group took two GTE tablets with each tablet containing 300 mg of extract, equivalent to 90 mg of polyphenols twice daily (resulting in a total daily dose equivalent to 180 mg of green tea polyphenols) for 4 months
Chamomile (Matricaria recutita)Dietary supplement
Patients in the second group received ChE by steeping two chamomile flower tea bags (2 g per bag) in half a cup of hot water once daily in the evening for 4 months, providing a total daily dose of 40 mg of total flavonoids per 4 g of chamomile flowers for four months
LicoriceDietary supplement
Patients in third group received LE syrup, at a dose of 15 mL three times daily (200 mg licorice extract /day) for four months.
PlaceboDietary supplement
The placebo tablets contained 100 mg of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) for four months
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| "Green tea" | Active comparator | Patients will receive two tablet green tea extract each tablet containing 300 mg of extract, equivalent to 90 mg of polyphenols twice daily (resulting in a total daily dose equivalent to 180 mg of green tea polyphenols) for 4 months Receives: Dietary Supplement: Green Tea Polyphenolics (EGCG) |
| "chamomile" | Active comparator | received ChE by steeping two chamomile flower tea bags (2 g per bag) in half a cup of hot water once daily in the evening for 4 months, providing a total daily dose of 40 mg of total flavonoids per 4 g of chamomile flowers for 4 months Receives: Dietary Supplement: Chamomile (Matricaria recutita) |
| licorice | Active comparator | Patients in third group received LE syrup, at a dose of 15 mL three times daily (200 mg licorice extract /day) for 4 months. Receives: Dietary Supplement: Licorice |
| placebo | Placebo comparator | tablets contained 100 mg of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) for 4 months Receives: Dietary Supplement: Placebo |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
The change in DAS28 based on Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (DAS28-ESR)
DAS-28 score: a DAS-28 score > 5.1 indicating high disease activity; 3.2< DAS-28 score≤5.1 indicates moderate disease activity; 2.6< DAS-28 score≤3.2 indicates low disease activity; DAS-28 score≤2.6 indicates basic disease remission
Measured: Before the intervention, 4months after the intervention.
Secondary outcomes (3)
Change in visual analogue scale (VAS
each patient will be asked to indicate his or her current level of pain on 100mm scale.0scale indicate no pain and 100mm indicate worst pain imaginable
Measured: Before the intervention, and 4 months after the intervention
Determination of synovitis on musculoskeletal ultrasound(MSUS)
Determination of synovitis on musculoskeletal ultrasound
Measured: Before the intervention, and 4months after the intervention
Determination of Inflammatory cytokines levels: (Tumour necrosis factor α OR Interleukin 6).
laboratory test
Measured: Before the intervention, and 4months after the intervention
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted29 Mar 2023
- Study start5 Apr 2025
- Primary completion1 Jun 2026
- Study completion1 Oct 2026
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (11)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Rheumatoid ArthritisStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Double blind
- Who is masked
- Participant, Outcomes assessor
- Enrolment
- 60 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Adel A.Gomaa
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Sponsor-investigator, Adel A.Gomaa, Assiut University
- Investigators
- Adel A Gomaa, Ph.D., Study chair, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, EgyptSafaa A Mahran, MD, Study director, Assiut University Hospital, Egypt
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT05788705
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- Natural JAK STAT Inhibitors
- Status last verified
- Oct 2026
- First submitted
- 27 Feb 2023
- Last updated
- 26 Oct 2026
- Results posted
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- Yes: Data will become available to interested investigators upon submitting a reasonable research request by email to A. Gomaa (a.gomma@aun.edu.eg).
Publications
Smolen JS, Aletaha D, McInnes IB. Rheumatoid arthritis. Lancet. 2016 Oct 22;388(10055):2023-2038. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(16)30173-8. Epub 2016 May 3.
PubMed 27156434Guo Q, Wang Y, Xu D, Nossent J, Pavlos NJ, Xu J. Rheumatoid arthritis: pathological mechanisms and modern pharmacologic therapies. Bone Res. 2018 Apr 27;6:15. doi: 10.1038/s41413-018-0016-9. eCollection 2018.
PubMed 29736302Oton T, Carmona L. The epidemiology of established rheumatoid arthritis. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol. 2019 Oct;33(5):101477. doi: 10.1016/j.berh.2019.101477. Epub 2020 Jan 25.
PubMed 31987685Ytterberg SR, Bhatt DL, Mikuls TR, Koch GG, Fleischmann R, Rivas JL, Germino R, Menon S, Sun Y, Wang C, Shapiro AB, Kanik KS, Connell CA; ORAL Surveillance Investigators. Cardiovascular and Cancer Risk with Tofacitinib in Rheumatoid Arthritis. N Engl J Med. 2022 Jan 27;386(4):316-326. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2109927.
PubMed 35081280Hoisnard L, Pina Vegas L, Dray-Spira R, Weill A, Zureik M, Sbidian E. Risk of major adverse cardiovascular and venous thromboembolism events in patients with rheumatoid arthritis exposed to JAK inhibitors versus adalimumab: a nationwide cohort study. Ann Rheum Dis. 2023 Feb;82(2):182-188. doi: 10.1136/ard-2022-222824. Epub 2022 Oct 5.
PubMed 36198438Yang J, Wang L, Guan X, Qin JJ. Inhibiting STAT3 signaling pathway by natural products for cancer prevention and therapy: In vitro and in vivo activity and mechanisms of action. Pharmacol Res. 2022 Aug;182:106357. doi: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106357. Epub 2022 Jul 19.
PubMed 35868477Dudics S, Langan D, Meka RR, Venkatesha SH, Berman BM, Che CT, Moudgil KD. Natural Products for the Treatment of Autoimmune Arthritis: Their Mechanisms of Action, Targeted Delivery, and Interplay with the Host Microbiome. Int J Mol Sci. 2018 Aug 24;19(9):2508. doi: 10.3390/ijms19092508.
PubMed 30149545Kumar R, Singh S, Saksena AK, Pal R, Jaiswal R, Kumar R. Effect of Boswellia Serrata Extract on Acute Inflammatory Parameters and Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha in Complete Freund's Adjuvant-Induced Animal Model of Rheumatoid Arthritis. Int J Appl Basic Med Res. 2019 Apr-Jun;9(2):100-106. doi: 10.4103/ijabmr.IJABMR_248_18.
PubMed 31041173Wu X, Wang W, Chen Y, Liu X, Wang J, Qin X, Yuan D, Yu T, Chen G, Mi Y, Mou J, Cui J, Hu A, E Y, Pei D. Glycyrrhizin Suppresses the Growth of Human NSCLC Cell Line HCC827 by Downregulating HMGB1 Level. Biomed Res Int. 2018 Jan 15;2018:6916797. doi: 10.1155/2018/6916797. eCollection 2018.
PubMed 29568761Wu Y, Wang Z, Du Q, Zhu Z, Chen T, Xue Y, Wang Y, Zeng Q, Shen C, Jiang C, Liu L, Zhu H, Liu Q. Pharmacological Effects and Underlying Mechanisms of Licorice-Derived Flavonoids. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2022 Jan 17;2022:9523071. doi: 10.1155/2022/9523071. eCollection 2022.
PubMed 35082907Abid R, Ghazanfar S, Farid A, Sulaman SM, Idrees M, Amen RA, Muzammal M, Shahzad MK, Mohamed MO, Khaled AA, Safir W, Ghori I, Elasbali AM, Alharbi B. Pharmacological Properties of 4', 5, 7-Trihydroxyflavone (Apigenin) and Its Impact on Cell Signaling Pathways. Molecules. 2022 Jul 4;27(13):4304. doi: 10.3390/molecules27134304.
PubMed 35807549
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 26 Oct 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Evaluation of the Efficacy of Natural JAK_ STAT Pathways Inhibitors in Treatment of Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis as a Complementary Medicine
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT05788705
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- Natural JAK STAT Inhibitors
- Conditions
- Rheumatoid Arthritis
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 60 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Adel A.GomaaUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 5 Apr 2025 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 1 Jun 2026 (actual)
- Study completion
- 1 Oct 2026 (actual)
- First posted
- 29 Mar 2023 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
There is no treatment that could utterly cure Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), but the disease is mainly improved by conventional disease-modifying anti rheumatic drugs. Methotrexate and biological DMARDs as JAK-STAT inhibitors may be used to control and delay the progression of the disease and improve the quality of lives of patients. However, DMARDs have deleterious effects on human health. Several natural products have been reported to exert inhibitory effects on the JAK-STAT signaling pathway, including green tea extract, chamomile extract, and licorice extract.
Detailed description
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, progressive, systemic autoimmune disease characterized by inflammatory cell infiltration and synovial proliferation, accompanied by progressive damage to articular cartilage and subchondral bone. The prevalence of RA is approximately 3.6% in women and 1.7% in men. Although there is currently no definitive cure for RA, disease activity and progression can be effectively controlled with conventional disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs), including methotrexate, as well as biological and targeted synthetic DMARDs. However, the long-term use of these agents may be associated with various adverse effects, highlighting the need for safe and effective complementary therapeutic approaches.
The Janus kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK-STAT) pathway plays an important role in the regulation of inflammatory and immune responses in RA. Activation of this pathway by cytokines, particularly interleukin-6 (IL-6), contributes to the persistence of synovial inflammation and disease activity. Therefore, modulation of the JAK-STAT signaling pathway represents a potential therapeutic approach in RA. Several studies have demonstrated that natural plant-derived compounds and extracts possess immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties and may interfere with the JAK-STAT pathway, thereby reducing the production or signaling of pro-inflammatory cytokines.
Among these natural products, licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) contains several bioactive constituents, particularly glycyrrhizin, which has been reported to attenuate inflammatory signaling and inhibit components of the JAK-STAT pathway. Glycyrrhizin has been shown to reduce JAK/STAT signaling and may exert anti-inflammatory effects through modulation of IL-6-related signaling. Similarly, chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla) is rich in flavonoids, including apigenin, which has demonstrated anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory activities. Apigenin has been reported to inhibit JAK1/2 and STAT3 phosphorylation and to reduce inflammatory cytokine production, supporting its potential role in the modulation of JAK-STAT-mediated inflammatory responses.
Green tea (Camellia sinensis) is another natural product rich in polyphenolic compounds, particularly catechins, with epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) being one of its major bioactive constituents. Green tea polyphenols have demonstrated anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects and have been reported to interfere with JAK-STAT signaling. EGCG has been shown to suppress JAK1/JAK2 and STAT3 activation and to reduce the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including IL-6. These effects suggest that green tea extract may contribute to attenuation of inflammatory responses involved in RA and may have potential as a complementary therapeutic intervention.
Collectively, the reported anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties of green tea, chamomile, and licorice, together with their potential effects on JAK-STAT signaling, provide a rationale for investigating these natural products as complementary therapies in RA. Therefore, the present study aimed to assess the efficacy of selected natural JAK-STAT pathway inhibitors, namely green tea, chamomile, and licorice, as complementary medicine in the treatment of patients with rheumatoid arthritis and to evaluate their potential role in attenuating treatment-related adverse effects.
our Research outcome measures:
- Primary (main):
- The change in DAS28 based on Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (DAS28-ESR) and the Clinical Disease Activity Index (CDAI)
- Rate of achieving 20% improvement in the American College Rheumatology criteria (ACR20).
- Change in visual analogue scale (VAS).
- Determination of Inflammatory cytokines levels: (Tumor necrosis factor α or Interleukin 6).
- Secondary (subsidiary):
- physician's global assessment
- Determination of synovitis musculoskeletal ultrasound (MSUS) 3.Safety and Tolerability Measures: adverse events including nausea, vomiting, dizziness and abdominal pain, CBC as well as kidney and liver function tests will be performed before enrolment and after treatment.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Double blind (participant, outcomes assessor)
- Number of arms
- 4
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| "Green tea" | Active comparator | Dietary Supplement: Green Tea Polyphenolics (EGCG)Patients will receive two tablet green tea extract each tablet containing 300 mg of extract, equivalent to 90 mg of polyphenols twice daily (resulting in a total daily dose equivalent to 180 mg of green tea polyphenols) for 4 months |
| "chamomile" | Active comparator | Dietary Supplement: Chamomile (Matricaria recutita)received ChE by steeping two chamomile flower tea bags (2 g per bag) in half a cup of hot water once daily in the evening for 4 months, providing a total daily dose of 40 mg of total flavonoids per 4 g of chamomile flowers for 4 months |
| licorice | Active comparator | Dietary Supplement: LicoricePatients in third group received LE syrup, at a dose of 15 mL three times daily (200 mg licorice extract /day) for 4 months. |
| placebo | Placebo comparator | Dietary Supplement: Placebotablets contained 100 mg of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) for 4 months |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 to 60 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult
Key inclusion criteria (3 listed)
- Male or female,ages18-60.
- Patients who met criteria for the diagnosis of RA
- Patients who were signed the informed consent form.
Key exclusion criteria (7 listed)
- Patients with Malignant tumours,
- Patients with Infectious diseases,
- Patients with Hematologic diseases.
- Patients with other rheumatic diseases.
- Women who are pregnant or breastfeeding.
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Green Tea Polyphenolics (EGCG)this group took two GTE tablets with each tablet containing 300 mg of extract, equivalent to 90 mg of polyphenols twice daily (resulting in a total daily dose equivalent to 180 mg of green tea polyphenols) for 4 months | Dietary supplement | "Green tea" |
| Chamomile (Matricaria recutita)Patients in the second group received ChE by steeping two chamomile flower tea bags (2 g per bag) in half a cup of hot water once daily in the evening for 4 months, providing a total daily dose of 40 mg of total flavonoids per 4 g of chamomile flowers for four months | Dietary supplement | "chamomile" |
| LicoricePatients in third group received LE syrup, at a dose of 15 mL three times daily (200 mg licorice extract /day) for four months. | Dietary supplement | licorice |
| PlaceboThe placebo tablets contained 100 mg of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) for four months | Dietary supplement | placebo |
Primary outcome
The change in DAS28 based on Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (DAS28-ESR)
Time frame: Before the intervention, 4months after the intervention.
DAS-28 score: a DAS-28 score > 5.1 indicating high disease activity; 3.2< DAS-28 score≤5.1 indicates moderate disease activity; 2.6< DAS-28 score≤3.2 indicates low disease activity; DAS-28 score≤2.6 indicates basic disease remission
3 secondary outcomes
Change in visual analogue scale (VAS
Time frame: Before the intervention, and 4 months after the intervention
Determination of synovitis on musculoskeletal ultrasound(MSUS)
Time frame: Before the intervention, and 4months after the intervention
Determination of Inflammatory cytokines levels: (Tumour necrosis factor α OR Interleukin 6).
Time frame: Before the intervention, and 4months after the intervention
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 26 Oct 2026.
- Background: PubMed 27156434Smolen JS, Aletaha D, McInnes IB. Rheumatoid arthritis. Lancet. 2016 Oct 22;388(10055):2023-2038. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(16)30173-8. Epub 2016 May 3.
- Background: PubMed 29736302Guo Q, Wang Y, Xu D, Nossent J, Pavlos NJ, Xu J. Rheumatoid arthritis: pathological mechanisms and modern pharmacologic therapies. Bone Res. 2018 Apr 27;6:15. doi: 10.1038/s41413-018-0016-9. eCollection 2018.
- Background: PubMed 31987685Oton T, Carmona L. The epidemiology of established rheumatoid arthritis. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol. 2019 Oct;33(5):101477. doi: 10.1016/j.berh.2019.101477. Epub 2020 Jan 25.
- Background: PubMed 35081280Ytterberg SR, Bhatt DL, Mikuls TR, Koch GG, Fleischmann R, Rivas JL, Germino R, Menon S, Sun Y, Wang C, Shapiro AB, Kanik KS, Connell CA; ORAL Surveillance Investigators. Cardiovascular and Cancer Risk with Tofacitinib in Rheumatoid Arthritis. N Engl J Med. 2022 Jan 27;386(4):316-326. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2109927.
- Background: PubMed 36198438Hoisnard L, Pina Vegas L, Dray-Spira R, Weill A, Zureik M, Sbidian E. Risk of major adverse cardiovascular and venous thromboembolism events in patients with rheumatoid arthritis exposed to JAK inhibitors versus adalimumab: a nationwide cohort study. Ann Rheum Dis. 2023 Feb;82(2):182-188. doi: 10.1136/ard-2022-222824. Epub 2022 Oct 5.
- Background: PubMed 35868477Yang J, Wang L, Guan X, Qin JJ. Inhibiting STAT3 signaling pathway by natural products for cancer prevention and therapy: In vitro and in vivo activity and mechanisms of action. Pharmacol Res. 2022 Aug;182:106357. doi: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106357. Epub 2022 Jul 19.
- Background: PubMed 30149545Dudics S, Langan D, Meka RR, Venkatesha SH, Berman BM, Che CT, Moudgil KD. Natural Products for the Treatment of Autoimmune Arthritis: Their Mechanisms of Action, Targeted Delivery, and Interplay with the Host Microbiome. Int J Mol Sci. 2018 Aug 24;19(9):2508. doi: 10.3390/ijms19092508.
- Background: PubMed 31041173Kumar R, Singh S, Saksena AK, Pal R, Jaiswal R, Kumar R. Effect of Boswellia Serrata Extract on Acute Inflammatory Parameters and Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha in Complete Freund's Adjuvant-Induced Animal Model of Rheumatoid Arthritis. Int J Appl Basic Med Res. 2019 Apr-Jun;9(2):100-106. doi: 10.4103/ijabmr.IJABMR_248_18.
- Background: PubMed 29568761Wu X, Wang W, Chen Y, Liu X, Wang J, Qin X, Yuan D, Yu T, Chen G, Mi Y, Mou J, Cui J, Hu A, E Y, Pei D. Glycyrrhizin Suppresses the Growth of Human NSCLC Cell Line HCC827 by Downregulating HMGB1 Level. Biomed Res Int. 2018 Jan 15;2018:6916797. doi: 10.1155/2018/6916797. eCollection 2018.
- Background: PubMed 35082907Wu Y, Wang Z, Du Q, Zhu Z, Chen T, Xue Y, Wang Y, Zeng Q, Shen C, Jiang C, Liu L, Zhu H, Liu Q. Pharmacological Effects and Underlying Mechanisms of Licorice-Derived Flavonoids. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2022 Jan 17;2022:9523071. doi: 10.1155/2022/9523071. eCollection 2022.
- Background: PubMed 35807549Abid R, Ghazanfar S, Farid A, Sulaman SM, Idrees M, Amen RA, Muzammal M, Shahzad MK, Mohamed MO, Khaled AA, Safir W, Ghori I, Elasbali AM, Alharbi B. Pharmacological Properties of 4', 5, 7-Trihydroxyflavone (Apigenin) and Its Impact on Cell Signaling Pathways. Molecules. 2022 Jul 4;27(13):4304. doi: 10.3390/molecules27134304.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: Yes. Data will become available to interested investigators upon submitting a reasonable research request by email to A. Gomaa (a.gomma@aun.edu.eg).
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Adel A Gomaa, Ph.D. study chair
Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Egypt
Safaa A Mahran, MD study director
Assiut University Hospital, Egypt
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Green Tea Polyphenolics (EGCG), Chamomile (Matricaria recutita) and Licorice in people with Rheumatoid Arthritis, run by Adel A.Gomaa at 1 site in Egypt.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 3 inclusion and 7 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 26 Oct 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Egypt. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. Some participants in this study may receive a placebo. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
The change in DAS28 based on Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (DAS28-ESR) (time frame: Before the intervention, 4months after the intervention.). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT05788705, which also lists 11 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 26 Oct 2026.