Acoustic StimulationNCT05782322
Effects and Mechanisms of RAS Training on Upper-limb Movements in PD Patients
A study testing Upper-limb training involving RAS and Upper-limb training without the aid of RAS in people with Acoustic Stimulation and Parkinson Disease, run by The Hong Kong Polytechnic University.
Trial summary
Introduction Bradykinesia (i.e., slow movements) is one of the most prominent symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD) and has a negative impact on quality of life. Rhythmic auditory stimulation (RAS), a widely used and promising treatment technique, has been shown to effectively improve gait speed in PD patients. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 to 85 yearsHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Acoustic Stimulation, Parkinson Disease, Electroencephalography
- What is being tested?
- Upper-limb training involving RAS and Upper-limb training without the aid of RAS
- Type of treatment
- Lifestyle or therapy programme
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 72 participants
- Where
- No sites listed yet
- Study dates
- 1 May 2025to 31 Mar 2026
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- Not yet: the study is under way
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 to 85 years
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- (a) idiopathic PD diagnosed by a neurologist based on the Movement Disorders Society clinical diagnostic criteria;
- (b) the Hoehn and Yahr stage is 2 or 3, meaning that bilateral movement problems or combination with mild postural instability;
- (c) a score of Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) is equal to or higher than 21 to ensure that they understand experimental instructions;
- (d) a score of Edinburgh Handedness Inventory is above 60 to ensure that they are right-handed;
- (e) types and doses of medications remain unchanged in the past month right before participation.
- Age- and sex-matched healthy controls who filled the criteria (c) and (d) will be recruited from communities.
Who cannot join
- the presence of medical conditions or diseases that may affect hand movements, vision, or hearing based on self-report.
Trial locations and contacts
No sites are listed yet. Contact the study team or a site near you to ask about taking part.
About this study
Official title: Effects and Neural Mechanisms of Training Involving Rhythmic Auditory Stimulation on Upper-limb Movements in Patients With Parkinson's Disease
Introduction Bradykinesia (i.e., slow movements) is one of the most prominent symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD) and has a negative impact on quality of life. Rhythmic auditory stimulation (RAS), a widely used and promising treatment technique, has been shown to effectively improve gait speed in PD patients. However, only few studies have explored effects and neural mechanisms of RAS on upper-limb movements. We will conduct two studies to investigate effects and mechanisms of RAS on upper-limb movements in PD patients. The purpose of this study is to examine effects and neural mechanisms of upper-limb movement training involving RAS in PD patients.
Methods This study will recruit patients with PD and healthy controls. This study will randomly assign PD patients into two groups: the PD-RAS group and the PD-noRAS group, and healthy controls into the HC-RAS group and the HC-noRAS group. A 7-day upper-limb training involving RAS (for the PD-RAS group and the HC-RAS group) or without RAS (for the PD-noRAS group and the HC-noRAS group) will be provided. EEG and behavioral assessments will be conducted before and after the first day of training, and after the seven-day training program. Two-way repeated measures analysis of variance will be performed to investigate the group and time effects on upper-limb function and neural activity.
Study significance The training program will serve as a reference for clinical practitioners who are interested in using RAS in clinical training for PD patients.
- Being tested
- Upper-limb training involving RAS, Upper-limb training without the aid of RAS
- Keywords
- Acoustic Stimulation, Parkinson Disease, Movement, Electroencephalography
- Medical subject headings
- Parkinson Disease
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Upper-limb training involving RASBehavioural
Three target bowls, labeled as the left, middle, and right target bowl, will be placed on the table at an equal distance from the main bowl. The distance between a target bowl and the main bowl is set at 30 cm. Wooden beads with a diameter of 2 cm will be put in target bowls. The main bowl will be placed in front of the patient.
Patients will be asked to listen to the RAS sound, use the right hand to take one bead at a time from the left target bowl to the main bowl, repeat this movement for the middle and right target bowls, and keep repeating this order. They should keep their movements consistent with the sound of the RAS, with one RAS sound corresponding to one pick-up movement.
Each daily training will consist of three rounds separated by two 5-minute breaks. Each round will consist of four consecutive sessions (for each session: 2-minute training followed by a 30-second break). The training will last for a total of 7 days.
Upper-limb training without the aid of RASBehavioural
Three target bowls, labeled as the left, middle, and right target bowl, will be placed on the table at an equal distance from the main bowl. The distance between a target bowl and the main bowl is set at 30 cm. Wooden beads with a diameter of 2 cm will be put in target bowls. The main bowl will be placed in front of the patient.
Patients will be asked to use the right hand to take one bead at a time from the left target bowl to the main bowl, repeat this movement for the middle and right target bowls, and keep repeating this order. They are asked to execute the task as fast as possible.
Each daily training will consist of three rounds separated by two 5-minute breaks. Each round will consist of four consecutive sessions (for each session: 2-minute training followed by a 30-second break). The training will last for a total of 7 days.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| PD-RAS | Experimental | training involving RAS Receives: Behavioral: Upper-limb training involving RAS |
| PD-noRAS | Active comparator | training without the aid of RAS Receives: Behavioral: Upper-limb training without the aid of RAS |
| HC-RAS | Experimental | training involving RAS Receives: Behavioral: Upper-limb training involving RAS |
| HC-noRAS | Active comparator | training without the aid of RAS Receives: Behavioral: Upper-limb training without the aid of RAS |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Electroencephalography (EEG)
The power (unit:Watt) of EEG will be calculated.
Measured: Assessments will be performed before the first day of training.
Electroencephalography (EEG)
The power (unit:Watt) of EEG will be calculated.
Measured: Assessments will be performed after the seven-day training program.
Electroencephalography (EEG)
The functional connectivity (unit:coherence) of EEG will be calculated.
Measured: Assessments will be performed before the first day of training.
Electroencephalography (EEG)
The functional connectivity (unit:coherence) of EEG will be calculated.
Measured: Assessments will be performed after the seven-day training program.
The box and block test (BBT)
The BBT is used to measure gross manual dexterity as well as upper-limb movement speed.
Measured: Assessments will be performed before the first day of training.
The box and block test (BBT)
The BBT is used to measure gross manual dexterity as well as upper-limb movement speed.
Measured: Assessments will be performed after the seven-day training program.
The nine hole peg test (NHPT)
The NHPT is a widely used measure of hand dexterity in a broad range of ages and populations.
Measured: Assessments will be performed before the first day of training.
The nine hole peg test (NHPT)
The NHPT is a widely used measure of hand dexterity in a broad range of ages and populations.
Measured: Assessments will be performed after the seven-day training program.
Secondary outcomes (4)
The Jebsen Hand Function Test (JHFT)
The Jebsen Hand Function Test (JHFT) evaluated unimanual performance in activities of daily living through six standardized tasks: card turning, small object manipulation, simulated feeding, checker stacking, and moving both light and heavy objects. We modified the original seven-item test by excluding the writing task to accommodate Chinese-speaking participants, following established protocols for cross-cultural adaptation. Performance was measured by completion time for each task, with shorter times indicating better hand function. The JHFT demonstrates excellent test-retest reliability in PD patients (intraclass correlation coefficients: 0.89-0.97).
Measured: Assessments will be performed before the first day of training.
The Jebsen Hand Function Test (JHFT)
The Jebsen Hand Function Test (JHFT) evaluated unimanual performance in activities of daily living through six standardized tasks: card turning, small object manipulation, simulated feeding, checker stacking, and moving both light and heavy objects. We modified the original seven-item test by excluding the writing task to accommodate Chinese-speaking participants, following established protocols for cross-cultural adaptation. Performance was measured by completion time for each task, with shorter times indicating better hand function. The JHFT demonstrates excellent test-retest reliability in PD patients (intraclass correlation coefficients: 0.89-0.97).
Measured: Assessments will be performed after the 7-day training.
Ruler Drop Test (RDT)
We assessed reaction time using the Ruler Drop Test (RDT). During this test, a ruler was positioned vertically between the participant's thumb and index finger, with its zero mark aligned at the fingertips. Following a ready signal from the participant, the examiner released the ruler without warning, requiring the participant to catch it as quickly as possible upon visual detection of movement. The falling distance was recorded, with greater distances indicating longer reaction times. The test was repeated three times, and the average distance was calculated. This measure reflects neuromotor processing speed, encompassing both visual information processing and movement initiation time.
Measured: Assessments will be performed before the first day of training.
Ruler Drop Test (RDT)
We assessed reaction time using the Ruler Drop Test (RDT). During this test, a ruler was positioned vertically between the participant's thumb and index finger, with its zero mark aligned at the fingertips. Following a ready signal from the participant, the examiner released the ruler without warning, requiring the participant to catch it as quickly as possible upon visual detection of movement. The falling distance was recorded, with greater distances indicating longer reaction times. The test was repeated three times, and the average distance was calculated. This measure reflects neuromotor processing speed, encompassing both visual information processing and movement initiation time.
Measured: Assessments will be performed after the 7-day training.
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted23 Mar 2023
- Study start1 May 2025 (estimated)
- Primary completion31 Mar 2026 (estimated)
- Study completion31 Mar 2026 (estimated)
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (14)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Acoustic StimulationStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 72 participants (estimated)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- The Hong Kong Polytechnic University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, FAN Wei, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University
- Investigators
- Wei FAN (PhD student), MSc, Principal investigator, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT05782322
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- HongKongPU21037721r_20230221
- Status last verified
- Apr 2025
- First submitted
- 24 Feb 2023
- Last updated
- 10 Apr 2025
- Results posted
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Publications
Bengtsson SL, Ullen F, Ehrsson HH, Hashimoto T, Kito T, Naito E, Forssberg H, Sadato N. Listening to rhythms activates motor and premotor cortices. Cortex. 2009 Jan;45(1):62-71. doi: 10.1016/j.cortex.2008.07.002. Epub 2008 Oct 30.
PubMed 19041965Braunlich K, Seger CA, Jentink KG, Buard I, Kluger BM, Thaut MH. Rhythmic auditory cues shape neural network recruitment in Parkinson's disease during repetitive motor behavior. Eur J Neurosci. 2019 Mar;49(6):849-858. doi: 10.1111/ejn.14227. Epub 2018 Dec 3.
PubMed 30375083Buard I, Dewispelaere WB, Thaut M, Kluger BM. Preliminary Neurophysiological Evidence of Altered Cortical Activity and Connectivity With Neurologic Music Therapy in Parkinson's Disease. Front Neurosci. 2019 Feb 19;13:105. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00105. eCollection 2019.
PubMed 30837830Cahn DA, Sullivan EV, Shear PK, Pfefferbaum A, Heit G, Silverberg G. Differential contributions of cognitive and motor component processes to physical and instrumental activities of daily living in Parkinson's disease. Arch Clin Neuropsychol. 1998 Oct;13(7):575-83.
PubMed 14590618Chen JL, Penhune VB, Zatorre RJ. Listening to musical rhythms recruits motor regions of the brain. Cereb Cortex. 2008 Dec;18(12):2844-54. doi: 10.1093/cercor/bhn042. Epub 2008 Apr 3.
PubMed 18388350Dalrymple-Alford JC, MacAskill MR, Nakas CT, Livingston L, Graham C, Crucian GP, Melzer TR, Kirwan J, Keenan R, Wells S, Porter RJ, Watts R, Anderson TJ. The MoCA: well-suited screen for cognitive impairment in Parkinson disease. Neurology. 2010 Nov 9;75(19):1717-25. doi: 10.1212/WNL.0b013e3181fc29c9.
PubMed 21060094Desrosiers J, Bravo G, Hebert R, Dutil E, Mercier L. Validation of the Box and Block Test as a measure of dexterity of elderly people: reliability, validity, and norms studies. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1994 Jul;75(7):751-5.
PubMed 8024419Dong VA, Fong KN, Chen YF, Tseng SS, Wong LM. 'Remind-to-move' treatment versus constraint-induced movement therapy for children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy: a randomized controlled trial. Dev Med Child Neurol. 2017 Feb;59(2):160-167. doi: 10.1111/dmcn.13216. Epub 2016 Aug 9.
PubMed 27503605Fan W, Li J, Wei W, Xiao SH, Liao ZJ, Wang SM, Fong KNK. Effects of rhythmic auditory stimulation on upper-limb movements in patients with Parkinson's disease. Parkinsonism Relat Disord. 2022 Aug;101:27-30. doi: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2022.06.020. Epub 2022 Jun 23.
PubMed 35763906Ghai S, Ghai I, Schmitz G, Effenberg AO. Effect of rhythmic auditory cueing on parkinsonian gait: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Sci Rep. 2018 Jan 11;8(1):506. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-16232-5.
PubMed 29323122Koshimori Y, Thaut MH. Future perspectives on neural mechanisms underlying rhythm and music based neurorehabilitation in Parkinson's disease. Ageing Res Rev. 2018 Nov;47:133-139. doi: 10.1016/j.arr.2018.07.001. Epub 2018 Jul 10.
PubMed 30005957Leuk JSP, Low LLN, Teo WP. An Overview of Acoustic-Based Interventions to Improve Motor Symptoms in Parkinson's Disease. Front Aging Neurosci. 2020 Aug 14;12:243. doi: 10.3389/fnagi.2020.00243. eCollection 2020.
PubMed 32922283Thaut MH, McIntosh GC, Rice RR, Miller RA, Rathbun J, Brault JM. Rhythmic auditory stimulation in gait training for Parkinson's disease patients. Mov Disord. 1996 Mar;11(2):193-200. doi: 10.1002/mds.870110213.
PubMed 8684391Wang SM, Chan ST, Wong YL, Hsu HM, Lee CY, Check CY, Leung CK. Rhythmic auditory stimulation incorporated in training improved movements in individuals with psychotic-like experiences. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2023 Jun;273(4):995-1005. doi: 10.1007/s00406-022-01524-3. Epub 2022 Nov 24.
PubMed 36422679
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 10 Apr 2025. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Effects and Neural Mechanisms of Training Involving Rhythmic Auditory Stimulation on Upper-limb Movements in Patients With Parkinson's Disease
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT05782322
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- HongKongPU21037721r_20230221
- Keywords
- Acoustic Stimulation, Parkinson Disease, Movement, Electroencephalography
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Not yet recruiting
- Enrolment
- 72 participants (estimated)
- Lead sponsor
- The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 1 May 2025 (estimated)
- Primary completion
- 31 Mar 2026 (estimated)
- Study completion
- 31 Mar 2026 (estimated)
- First posted
- 23 Mar 2023 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
Introduction Bradykinesia (i.e., slow movements) is one of the most prominent symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD) and has a negative impact on quality of life. Rhythmic auditory stimulation (RAS), a widely used and promising treatment technique, has been shown to effectively improve gait speed in PD patients. However, only few studies have explored effects and neural mechanisms of RAS on upper-limb movements. We will conduct two studies to investigate effects and mechanisms of RAS on upper-limb movements in PD patients. The purpose of this study is to examine effects and neural mechanisms of upper-limb movement training involving RAS in PD patients.
Methods This study will recruit patients with PD and healthy controls. This study will randomly assign PD patients into two groups: the PD-RAS group and the PD-noRAS group, and healthy controls into the HC-RAS group and the HC-noRAS group. A 7-day upper-limb training involving RAS (for the PD-RAS group and the HC-RAS group) or without RAS (for the PD-noRAS group and the HC-noRAS group) will be provided. EEG and behavioral assessments will be conducted before and after the first day of training, and after the seven-day training program. Two-way repeated measures analysis of variance will be performed to investigate the group and time effects on upper-limb function and neural activity.
Study significance The training program will serve as a reference for clinical practitioners who are interested in using RAS in clinical training for PD patients.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 4
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| PD-RAS | Experimental | Behavioral: Upper-limb training involving RAStraining involving RAS |
| PD-noRAS | Active comparator | Behavioral: Upper-limb training without the aid of RAStraining without the aid of RAS |
| HC-RAS | Experimental | Behavioral: Upper-limb training involving RAStraining involving RAS |
| HC-noRAS | Active comparator | Behavioral: Upper-limb training without the aid of RAStraining without the aid of RAS |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 to 85 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (6 listed)
- (a) idiopathic PD diagnosed by a neurologist based on the Movement Disorders Society clinical diagnostic criteria;
- (b) the Hoehn and Yahr stage is 2 or 3, meaning that bilateral movement problems or combination with mild postural instability;
- (c) a score of Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) is equal to or higher than 21 to ensure that they understand experimental instructions;
- (d) a score of Edinburgh Handedness Inventory is above 60 to ensure that they are right-handed;
- (e) types and doses of medications remain unchanged in the past month right before participation.
Key exclusion criteria (1 listed)
- the presence of medical conditions or diseases that may affect hand movements, vision, or hearing based on self-report.
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Upper-limb training involving RASThree target bowls, labeled as the left, middle, and right target bowl, will be placed on the table at an equal distance from the main bowl. The distance between a target bowl and the main bowl is set at 30 cm. Wooden beads with a diameter of 2 cm will be put in target bowls. The main bowl will be placed in front of the patient. Patients will be asked to listen to the RAS sound, use the right hand to take one bead at a time from the left target bowl to the main bowl, repeat this movement for the middle and right target bowls, and keep repeating this order. They should keep their movements consistent with the sound of the RAS, with one RAS sound corresponding to one pick-up movement. Each daily training will consist of three rounds separated by two 5-minute breaks. Each round will consist of four consecutive sessions (for each session: 2-minute training followed by a 30-second break). The training will last for a total of 7 days. | Behavioural | HC-RAS, PD-RAS |
| Upper-limb training without the aid of RASThree target bowls, labeled as the left, middle, and right target bowl, will be placed on the table at an equal distance from the main bowl. The distance between a target bowl and the main bowl is set at 30 cm. Wooden beads with a diameter of 2 cm will be put in target bowls. The main bowl will be placed in front of the patient. Patients will be asked to use the right hand to take one bead at a time from the left target bowl to the main bowl, repeat this movement for the middle and right target bowls, and keep repeating this order. They are asked to execute the task as fast as possible. Each daily training will consist of three rounds separated by two 5-minute breaks. Each round will consist of four consecutive sessions (for each session: 2-minute training followed by a 30-second break). The training will last for a total of 7 days. | Behavioural | HC-noRAS, PD-noRAS |
Primary outcome
Electroencephalography (EEG)
Time frame: Assessments will be performed before the first day of training.
The power (unit:Watt) of EEG will be calculated.
Electroencephalography (EEG)
Time frame: Assessments will be performed after the seven-day training program.
The power (unit:Watt) of EEG will be calculated.
Electroencephalography (EEG)
Time frame: Assessments will be performed before the first day of training.
The functional connectivity (unit:coherence) of EEG will be calculated.
Electroencephalography (EEG)
Time frame: Assessments will be performed after the seven-day training program.
The functional connectivity (unit:coherence) of EEG will be calculated.
The box and block test (BBT)
Time frame: Assessments will be performed before the first day of training.
The BBT is used to measure gross manual dexterity as well as upper-limb movement speed.
The box and block test (BBT)
Time frame: Assessments will be performed after the seven-day training program.
The BBT is used to measure gross manual dexterity as well as upper-limb movement speed.
The nine hole peg test (NHPT)
Time frame: Assessments will be performed before the first day of training.
The NHPT is a widely used measure of hand dexterity in a broad range of ages and populations.
The nine hole peg test (NHPT)
Time frame: Assessments will be performed after the seven-day training program.
The NHPT is a widely used measure of hand dexterity in a broad range of ages and populations.
4 secondary outcomes
The Jebsen Hand Function Test (JHFT)
Time frame: Assessments will be performed before the first day of training.
The Jebsen Hand Function Test (JHFT)
Time frame: Assessments will be performed after the 7-day training.
Ruler Drop Test (RDT)
Time frame: Assessments will be performed before the first day of training.
Ruler Drop Test (RDT)
Time frame: Assessments will be performed after the 7-day training.
Results and safety
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 10 Apr 2025.
- Background: PubMed 19041965Bengtsson SL, Ullen F, Ehrsson HH, Hashimoto T, Kito T, Naito E, Forssberg H, Sadato N. Listening to rhythms activates motor and premotor cortices. Cortex. 2009 Jan;45(1):62-71. doi: 10.1016/j.cortex.2008.07.002. Epub 2008 Oct 30.
- Background: PubMed 30375083Braunlich K, Seger CA, Jentink KG, Buard I, Kluger BM, Thaut MH. Rhythmic auditory cues shape neural network recruitment in Parkinson's disease during repetitive motor behavior. Eur J Neurosci. 2019 Mar;49(6):849-858. doi: 10.1111/ejn.14227. Epub 2018 Dec 3.
- Background: PubMed 30837830Buard I, Dewispelaere WB, Thaut M, Kluger BM. Preliminary Neurophysiological Evidence of Altered Cortical Activity and Connectivity With Neurologic Music Therapy in Parkinson's Disease. Front Neurosci. 2019 Feb 19;13:105. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00105. eCollection 2019.
- Background: PubMed 14590618Cahn DA, Sullivan EV, Shear PK, Pfefferbaum A, Heit G, Silverberg G. Differential contributions of cognitive and motor component processes to physical and instrumental activities of daily living in Parkinson's disease. Arch Clin Neuropsychol. 1998 Oct;13(7):575-83.
- Background: PubMed 18388350Chen JL, Penhune VB, Zatorre RJ. Listening to musical rhythms recruits motor regions of the brain. Cereb Cortex. 2008 Dec;18(12):2844-54. doi: 10.1093/cercor/bhn042. Epub 2008 Apr 3.
- Background: PubMed 21060094Dalrymple-Alford JC, MacAskill MR, Nakas CT, Livingston L, Graham C, Crucian GP, Melzer TR, Kirwan J, Keenan R, Wells S, Porter RJ, Watts R, Anderson TJ. The MoCA: well-suited screen for cognitive impairment in Parkinson disease. Neurology. 2010 Nov 9;75(19):1717-25. doi: 10.1212/WNL.0b013e3181fc29c9.
- Background: PubMed 8024419Desrosiers J, Bravo G, Hebert R, Dutil E, Mercier L. Validation of the Box and Block Test as a measure of dexterity of elderly people: reliability, validity, and norms studies. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1994 Jul;75(7):751-5.
- Background: PubMed 27503605Dong VA, Fong KN, Chen YF, Tseng SS, Wong LM. 'Remind-to-move' treatment versus constraint-induced movement therapy for children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy: a randomized controlled trial. Dev Med Child Neurol. 2017 Feb;59(2):160-167. doi: 10.1111/dmcn.13216. Epub 2016 Aug 9.
- Background: PubMed 35763906Fan W, Li J, Wei W, Xiao SH, Liao ZJ, Wang SM, Fong KNK. Effects of rhythmic auditory stimulation on upper-limb movements in patients with Parkinson's disease. Parkinsonism Relat Disord. 2022 Aug;101:27-30. doi: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2022.06.020. Epub 2022 Jun 23.
- Background: PubMed 29323122Ghai S, Ghai I, Schmitz G, Effenberg AO. Effect of rhythmic auditory cueing on parkinsonian gait: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Sci Rep. 2018 Jan 11;8(1):506. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-16232-5.
- Background: PubMed 30005957Koshimori Y, Thaut MH. Future perspectives on neural mechanisms underlying rhythm and music based neurorehabilitation in Parkinson's disease. Ageing Res Rev. 2018 Nov;47:133-139. doi: 10.1016/j.arr.2018.07.001. Epub 2018 Jul 10.
- Background: PubMed 32922283Leuk JSP, Low LLN, Teo WP. An Overview of Acoustic-Based Interventions to Improve Motor Symptoms in Parkinson's Disease. Front Aging Neurosci. 2020 Aug 14;12:243. doi: 10.3389/fnagi.2020.00243. eCollection 2020.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part.
Wei FAN (PhD student), MSc principal investigator
The Hong Kong Polytechnic University
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Upper-limb training involving RAS and Upper-limb training without the aid of RAS in people with Acoustic Stimulation and Parkinson Disease, run by The Hong Kong Polytechnic University.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 6 inclusion and 1 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: opening soon, as of the sponsor's last update on 10 Apr 2025. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
Contact Wei FAN (PhD student), MSc (+825 67681229, 21037721r@connect.polyu.hk), or a site near the patient. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Electroencephalography (EEG) (time frame: Assessments will be performed before the first day of training.). The study lists 8 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT05782322, which also lists 14 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 10 Apr 2025.