Breast CancerNCT05700019
Effects of 'Pinkwashed' Alcohol Ads in an Online RCT
A study testing Pinkwashed Advertisements in people with Breast Cancer and Cancer, run by University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill at 1 site in United States.
Trial summary
The primary objective of this study is to examine how exposure to "pinkwashed" alcohol advertisements (i.e., ads that associate the company with breast cancer awareness or charities) affects consumers' perceptions that alcohol increases the risk of breast cancer. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 years and olderHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Breast Cancer, Cancer
- What is being tested?
- Pinkwashed Advertisements
- Type of treatment
- Lifestyle or therapy programme
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 602 participants
- Where
- 1 siteUnited States
- Study dates
- 11 Jan 2023to 19 Jan 2023
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 years and older
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- 18 years old or older
Who cannot join
- Less than 18 years old
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
United States1 site
UNC - Chapel Hill
Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27516
About this study
The primary objective of this study is to examine how exposure to "pinkwashed" alcohol advertisements (i.e., ads that associate the company with breast cancer awareness or charities) affects consumers' perceptions that alcohol increases the risk of breast cancer. The investigators will randomize participants to view 3 'pinkwashed' social media advertisements for alcohol or 3 control advertisements for alcohol (i.e., 'de-pinked' standard alcohol advertisements that match the intervention advertisements on overall design but do not mention breast cancer). Each participant will view the 3 advertisements for their arm (presented in random order) and respond to survey questions programmed in Qualtrics.
- Conditions
- Breast Cancer, Cancer
- Being tested
- Pinkwashed Advertisements, Control - Standard Advertisements
- Medical subject headings
- Breast Neoplasms, Neoplasms
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Pinkwashed AdvertisementsBehavioural
Real advertisements from alcoholic beverage companies' social media accounts that contain messaging or other features that associate the alcohol company with breast cancer awareness or research.
Control - Standard AdvertisementsBehavioural
Real advertisements from the same alcoholic beverage companies' social media accounts that do not contain messaging or other features associated with breast cancer awareness or research.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Control - Standard Advertisements | Other | In the control condition, participants will view 3 advertisements for alcohol (shown in random order) that do not mention breast cancer awareness or charities. Advertisements will be real social media posts used by alcohol companies, modified only to remove dates, likes/comments, and references to specific geographic locations. Receives: Behavioral: Control - Standard Advertisements |
| Pinkwashed Advertisements | Experimental | In the pinkwashed condition, participants will view 3 advertisements for alcohol (shown in random order) that associate the alcohol company with breast cancer awareness or research (e.g., indicate that a portion of sales will be directed to a breast cancer-related foundation). Advertisements will be real social media posts used by alcohol companies, modified only to remove dates, likes/comments, and references to specific geographic locations. Receives: Behavioral: Pinkwashed Advertisements |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Breast cancer risk perceptions
This outcome will be measured with an adapted item from the HINTS (2020) survey. The question is worded " In your opinion, how much does drinking [wine/beer/liquor] affect the risk of developing each of the following outcomes... Breast cancer." Response options are on a five point likert-type scale ranging from "Decreases risk a lot" (=1) to "Increases risk a lot " (=5). Participants will be asked to respond to this item three times, once for each type of alcoholic beverage presented (wine, beer, liquor). Scores from the three items will then be averaged for analyses. Higher scores indicate higher risk perceptions.
Measured: During ~20 minute online survey
Secondary outcomes (11)
Perceived product healthfulness
This outcome will be measured with one item adapted from Bollard et al (2016). The question will read: "How healthy or unhealthy do you think it is to drink this product?" and will be measured with a 5-point likert-type response scale ranging from "Very unhealthy" (1) to "Very healthy"(5). Higher scores indicate greater healthfulness perceptions.
Measured: During ~20 minute online survey
Perceived social responsibility of brand
This outcome will be measured with one item adapted from Nan \& Heo (2017). The question will read: "How socially responsible do you think the company that makes this product is?" and will be measured with a 5-point likert-type response scale ranging from "Very socially irresponsible" (1) to "Very socially responsible" (5). Higher scores indicate perceptions of social responsibility.
Measured: During ~20 minute online survey
Favorable attitudes toward brand
This outcome will be measured with one item adapted from Nan \& Heo (2017). The question will read: "How do you feel about the company that makes this product?" and will be measured with a 5-point likert-type response scale ranging from "Dislike it a lot" (1) to "Like it a lot" (5). Higher scores indicate more favorable attitudes.
Measured: During ~20 minute online survey
Purchase intentions
This outcome will be measured with one item adapted from Hall et al (2020). The question will display all three advertisements that the participant was exposed to (either pinkwashed or control). It will then query: "How likely would you be to buy any of these products in the next 4 weeks, if they were available?" and will be measured with a 5-point likert-type response scale ranging from "Not at all likely" (1) to "Extremely likely" (5). Higher scores indicate greater purchase intentions.
Measured: During ~20 minute online survey
Perceived misleadingness of ads
Measure of how misleading a participant perceives the advertisement. Assessed with 1 item adapted from Hall et al. 2020
Measured: During ~20 minute online survey
Support for breast cancer warnings
Measure of participant support of including breast cancer warning labels on alcoholic beverage products. Assessed with 1 item adapted from Hall et al. 2018
Measured: During ~20 minute online survey
Stomach cancer risk perceptions
This outcome will be measured with an adapted item from the HINTS (2020) survey. The question is worded " In your opinion, how much does drinking [wine/beer/liquor] affect the risk of developing each of the following outcomes... Stomach cancer." Response options are on a five point likert-type scale ranging from "Decreases risk a lot" (=1) to "Increases risk a lot " (=5). Participants will be asked to respond to this item three times, once for each type of alcoholic beverage presented (wine, beer, liquor). Scores from the three items will then be averaged for analyses. Higher scores indicate higher risk perceptions.
Measured: During ~20 minute online survey
Mouth and throat cancer risk perceptions
This outcome will be measured with an adapted item from the HINTS (2020) survey. The question is worded " In your opinion, how much does drinking [wine/beer/liquor] affect the risk of developing each of the following outcomes... Mouth and throat cancer." Response options are on a five point likert-type scale ranging from "Decreases risk a lot" (=1) to "Increases risk a lot " (=5). Participants will be asked to respond to this item three times, once for each type of alcoholic beverage presented (wine, beer, liquor). Scores from the three items will then be averaged for analyses. Higher scores indicate higher risk perceptions.
Measured: During ~20 minute online survey
Liver cancer risk perceptions
This outcome will be measured with an adapted item from the HINTS (2020) survey. The question is worded " In your opinion, how much does drinking [wine/beer/liquor] affect the risk of developing each of the following outcomes... Liver cancer." Response options are on a five point likert-type scale ranging from "Decreases risk a lot" (=1) to "Increases risk a lot " (=5). Participants will be asked to respond to this item three times, once for each type of alcoholic beverage presented (wine, beer, liquor). Scores from the three items will then be averaged for analyses. Higher scores indicate higher risk perceptions.
Measured: During ~20 minute online survey
Liver disease risk perceptions
This outcome will be measured with an adapted item from the HINTS (2020) survey. The question is worded " In your opinion, how much does drinking [wine/beer/liquor] affect the risk of developing each of the following outcomes... Liver disease." Response options are on a five point likert-type scale ranging from "Decreases risk a lot" (=1) to "Increases risk a lot " (=5). Participants will be asked to respond to this item three times, once for each type of alcoholic beverage presented (wine, beer, liquor). Scores from the three items will then be averaged for analyses. Higher scores indicate higher risk perceptions.
Measured: During ~20 minute online survey
Hypertension risk perceptions
This outcome will be measured with an adapted item from the HINTS (2020) survey. The question is worded " In your opinion, how much does drinking [wine/beer/liquor] affect the risk of developing each of the following outcomes...Hypertension." Response options are on a five point likert-type scale ranging from "Decreases risk a lot" (=1) to "Increases risk a lot " (=5). Participants will be asked to respond to this item three times, once for each type of alcoholic beverage presented (wine, beer, liquor). Scores from the three items will then be averaged for analyses. Higher scores indicate higher risk perceptions.
Measured: During ~20 minute online survey
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted26 Jan 2023
- Study start11 Jan 2023
- Primary completion19 Jan 2023
- Study completion19 Jan 2023
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (4)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Breast CancerStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by University of North Carolina, Chapel HillThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Prevention
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 602 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
- Investigators
- Marissa G Hall, PhD, Principal investigator, UNC-Chapel HillAnna H Grummon, PhD, Principal investigator, Stanford UniveristyKurt Ribsl, PhD, Principal investigator, UNC-Chapel Hill
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT05700019
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 20-2338
- Status last verified
- Jan 2023
- First submitted
- 17 Jan 2023
- Last updated
- 13 Nov 2023
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- Yes: The investigators will share our deidentified individual participant data, as well as our statistical analysis plan and analytic code on Open Science Framework (OSF), a publicly available data repository.
Publications
Nan X, Heo K. Consumer Responses to Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Initiatives: Examining the Role of Brand-Cause Fit in Cause-Related Marketing. Journal of Advertising. 2007;36(2):63-74. doi:10.2753/JOA0091-3367360204
Hall MG, Lazard AJ, Grummon AH, Mendel JR, Taillie LS. The impact of front-of-package claims, fruit images, and health warnings on consumers' perceptions of sugar-sweetened fruit drinks: Three randomized experiments. Prev Med. 2020 Mar;132:105998. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2020.105998. Epub 2020 Jan 23.
PubMed 31982477Bollard T, Maubach N, Walker N, Ni Mhurchu C. Effects of plain packaging, warning labels, and taxes on young people's predicted sugar-sweetened beverage preferences: an experimental study. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2016 Sep 1;13(1):95. doi: 10.1186/s12966-016-0421-7.
PubMed 27580589Hall MG, Marteau TM, Sunstein CR, Ribisl KM, Noar SM, Orlan EN, Brewer NT. Public support for pictorial warnings on cigarette packs: an experimental study of US smokers. J Behav Med. 2018 Jun;41(3):398-405. doi: 10.1007/s10865-018-9910-2. Epub 2018 Feb 6.
PubMed 29411272
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 13 Nov 2023. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Effects of 'Pinkwashed' Alcohol Ads in an Online RCT
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT05700019
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- 20-2338
- Conditions
- Breast Cancer, Cancer
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 602 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- University of North Carolina, Chapel HillUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 11 Jan 2023 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 19 Jan 2023 (actual)
- Study completion
- 19 Jan 2023 (actual)
- First posted
- 26 Jan 2023 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
The primary objective of this study is to examine how exposure to "pinkwashed" alcohol advertisements (i.e., ads that associate the company with breast cancer awareness or charities) affects consumers' perceptions that alcohol increases the risk of breast cancer. The investigators will randomize participants to view 3 'pinkwashed' social media advertisements for alcohol or 3 control advertisements for alcohol (i.e., 'de-pinked' standard alcohol advertisements that match the intervention advertisements on overall design but do not mention breast cancer). Each participant will view the 3 advertisements for their arm (presented in random order) and respond to survey questions programmed in Qualtrics.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Prevention
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Control - Standard Advertisements | Other | Behavioral: Control - Standard AdvertisementsIn the control condition, participants will view 3 advertisements for alcohol (shown in random order) that do not mention breast cancer awareness or charities. Advertisements will be real social media posts used by alcohol companies, modified only to remove dates, likes/comments, and references to specific geographic locations. |
| Pinkwashed Advertisements | Experimental | Behavioral: Pinkwashed AdvertisementsIn the pinkwashed condition, participants will view 3 advertisements for alcohol (shown in random order) that associate the alcohol company with breast cancer awareness or research (e.g., indicate that a portion of sales will be directed to a breast cancer-related foundation). Advertisements will be real social media posts used by alcohol companies, modified only to remove dates, likes/comments, and references to specific geographic locations. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 years and older
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (1 listed)
- 18 years old or older
Key exclusion criteria (1 listed)
- Less than 18 years old
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Pinkwashed AdvertisementsReal advertisements from alcoholic beverage companies' social media accounts that contain messaging or other features that associate the alcohol company with breast cancer awareness or research. | Behavioural | Pinkwashed Advertisements |
| Control - Standard AdvertisementsReal advertisements from the same alcoholic beverage companies' social media accounts that do not contain messaging or other features associated with breast cancer awareness or research. | Behavioural | Control - Standard Advertisements |
Primary outcome
Breast cancer risk perceptions
Time frame: During ~20 minute online survey
This outcome will be measured with an adapted item from the HINTS (2020) survey. The question is worded " In your opinion, how much does drinking [wine/beer/liquor] affect the risk of developing each of the following outcomes... Breast cancer." Response options are on a five point likert-type scale ranging from "Decreases risk a lot" (=1) to "Increases risk a lot " (=5). Participants will be asked to respond to this item three times, once for each type of alcoholic beverage presented (wine, beer, liquor). Scores from the three items will then be averaged for analyses. Higher scores indicate higher risk perceptions.
11 secondary outcomes
Perceived product healthfulness
Time frame: During ~20 minute online survey
Perceived social responsibility of brand
Time frame: During ~20 minute online survey
Favorable attitudes toward brand
Time frame: During ~20 minute online survey
Purchase intentions
Time frame: During ~20 minute online survey
Perceived misleadingness of ads
Time frame: During ~20 minute online survey
Support for breast cancer warnings
Time frame: During ~20 minute online survey
Stomach cancer risk perceptions
Time frame: During ~20 minute online survey
Mouth and throat cancer risk perceptions
Time frame: During ~20 minute online survey
Liver cancer risk perceptions
Time frame: During ~20 minute online survey
Liver disease risk perceptions
Time frame: During ~20 minute online survey
Hypertension risk perceptions
Time frame: During ~20 minute online survey
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 13 Nov 2023.
- BackgroundNan X, Heo K. Consumer Responses to Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Initiatives: Examining the Role of Brand-Cause Fit in Cause-Related Marketing. Journal of Advertising. 2007;36(2):63-74. doi:10.2753/JOA0091-3367360204
- Background: PubMed 31982477Hall MG, Lazard AJ, Grummon AH, Mendel JR, Taillie LS. The impact of front-of-package claims, fruit images, and health warnings on consumers' perceptions of sugar-sweetened fruit drinks: Three randomized experiments. Prev Med. 2020 Mar;132:105998. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2020.105998. Epub 2020 Jan 23.
- Background: PubMed 27580589Bollard T, Maubach N, Walker N, Ni Mhurchu C. Effects of plain packaging, warning labels, and taxes on young people's predicted sugar-sweetened beverage preferences: an experimental study. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2016 Sep 1;13(1):95. doi: 10.1186/s12966-016-0421-7.
- Background: PubMed 29411272Hall MG, Marteau TM, Sunstein CR, Ribisl KM, Noar SM, Orlan EN, Brewer NT. Public support for pictorial warnings on cigarette packs: an experimental study of US smokers. J Behav Med. 2018 Jun;41(3):398-405. doi: 10.1007/s10865-018-9910-2. Epub 2018 Feb 6.
- HINTS survey itemsLink provided by the sponsor.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: Yes. The investigators will share our deidentified individual participant data, as well as our statistical analysis plan and analytic code on Open Science Framework (OSF), a publicly available data repository.
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Marissa G Hall, PhD principal investigator
UNC-Chapel Hill
Anna H Grummon, PhD principal investigator
Stanford Univeristy
Kurt Ribsl, PhD principal investigator
UNC-Chapel Hill
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Pinkwashed Advertisements in people with Breast Cancer and Cancer, run by University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill at 1 site in United States.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 1 inclusion and 1 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 13 Nov 2023. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in United States. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Breast cancer risk perceptions (time frame: During ~20 minute online survey). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT05700019, which also lists 4 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 13 Nov 2023; AzTrials last refreshed its copy on 7 Nov 2026.