Pacemaker ComplicationParadoxNCT05645978
Association of Obesity and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Patients With Pacemaker
An observational study of Pacemaker Complication and Arrhythmias, Cardiac, run by Ajou University School of Medicine at 1 site in South Korea.
Trial summary
In this study, the investigators evaluated the association between various measures of adiposity [BMI and waist circumference (WC)] and clinical outcomes in Asian patients who underwent pacemaker insertion, using a nationwide population based cohort. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 20 years and olderHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Pacemaker Complication, Arrhythmias, Cardiac, Obesity
- What is being tested?
- Pacemaker insertion
- Type of treatment
- Medical device
- How many people
- 20,000 participants
- Where
- 1 siteSouth Korea
- Study dates
- 1 Jul 2022to 31 Dec 2024
- Phase
- Observational
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 20 years and older
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult, Older adult
Study population: We included patients who underwent pacemaker insertion between January 2015 and December 2020. Patients aged <20 years, those who were already taken pacemaker insertion before 2015, and those with cancer were excluded from the analysis. The follow-up period was defined as the time from the index date (date of device procedure) to each outcome event, date of death, or end of the study period (December 31, 2020), whichever came first.
Who may be able to join
- Patients who underwent pacemaker insertion between January 2015 and December 2020
Who cannot join
- Patients aged <20 years
- Patients already taken pacemaker insertion before 2015
- Patients with cancer
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
South Korea1 site, 1 recruiting
- Recruiting
Ajou University School of Medicine
Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, 16499
Kwang-No LEE
Moon-Seung SOH
About this study
Official title: Association of Obesity and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Patients With Pacemaker : a Korean Nationwide Cohort Study
In this study, the investigators evaluated the association between various measures of adiposity [BMI and waist circumference (WC)] and clinical outcomes in Asian patients who underwent pacemaker insertion, using a nationwide population based cohort.
Read the detailed description
This retrospective nationwide cohort study used administrative claims data from the Korean National Health Insurance Service (NHIS) and the combined health check-up database of the National Health Insurance Corporation between 2013 and 2020.
The investigators included patients who underwent pacemaker insertion between January 2015 and December 2020. Patients aged <20 years, those who were already taken pacemaker insertion before 2015, and those with cancer were excluded from the analysis. The follow-up period was defined as the time from the index date (date of device procedure) to each outcome event, date of death, or end of the study period (December 31, 2020), whichever came first.
Patients' demographic data, comorbidities, concomitant medications, and income level were collected from the Korean NHIS database. The recent health check-up data from the index date was also ascertained, including height, weight, waist circumference, blood pressure, health surveys, and laboratory exam. Health survey included family history, smoking history, alcohol history, and the level of individual physical activity.
According to BMI following the World Health Organization recommendation for Asian population, study patients were categorized into 5 groups: underweight, <18.5 kg/m2; normal range, 18.5 to <23 kg/m2; overweight, 23 to <25 kg/m2; obese I, 25 to <30 kg/m2; and obese II, ≥30 kg/m2[4]. The investigators defined the proportion of medical use by calculating formula with the recuperation cost and the number of the visit to hospitals.
During the follow-up period, the investigators assessed 3 clinical outcomes, including all-cause death, cardiovascular hospitalization and the recurrence rate. Clinical outcomes were mainly defined by the the International Classification of Diseases, 10th revision (ICD-10). Patients were censored at the clinical outcomes or the end of the study period (December 31, 2020), whichever came first.
All categorical variables are presented as frequencies and percentages. Normally distributed data were presented as mean ± standard deviation, whereas nonparametric data are presented as median and interquartile range by BMI.
Cox proportional hazard regression analyses were performed to identify the association of BMI with the primary and secondary outcomes, calculating hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) and adjusting for the following potential confounders: sex, age, systolic blood pressure, fasting glucose level, total cholesterol level, alcohol consumption, smoking status, physical activity, household income, use of antihypertensive agents, use of statins, use of antiplatelet agents, previous history of MI, previous history of stroke, and index year. All analyses were conducted using R-statistics.
- Being tested
- Pacemaker insertion
- Keywords
- Pacemaker, Obesity paradox
- Medical subject headings
- Arrhythmias, Cardiac, Obesity
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Pacemaker insertionDevice
Also called Insertion of pacemaker
Patients who underwent pacemaker insertion between January 2015 and December 2020
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Patients who underwent pacemaker insertion during study period | Patients who underwent pacemaker insertion between January 2015 and December 2020 Receives: Device: Pacemaker insertion |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Composite of Outcomes
Death + CV hospitalization + Fatal arrest event + Infective endocarditis
Measured: 5 years
Secondary outcomes (4)
Death
Mortality
Measured: 5 years
CV hospitalization
Admission caused by Cardiovacular disease
Measured: 5 years
Fatal arrest event
Event of cardiac arrest by ventricular tachycardia and fibrillation
Measured: 5 years
Infective endocarditis
Diagnosed with infective endocarditis
Measured: 5 years
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted12 Dec 2022
- Study start1 Jul 2022
- Primary completion31 Oct 2024 (estimated)
- Study completion31 Dec 2024 (estimated)
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (3)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Pacemaker ComplicationStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Observational
- Observational model
- Cohort
- Time perspective
- Other
- Enrolment
- 20,000 participants (estimated)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Ajou University School of Medicine
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Kwang-No Lee, Ajou University School of Medicine
- Investigators
- Kwang-No LEE, Study chair, Ajou University School of Medicine
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT05645978
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- AJOUIRB-EXP-2021-398-6
- Acronym
- Paradox
- Status last verified
- Jul 2023
- First submitted
- 2 Dec 2022
- Last updated
- 27 Jul 2023
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Publications
Kim MS, Kim WJ, Khera AV, Kim JY, Yon DK, Lee SW, Shin JI, Won HH. Association between adiposity and cardiovascular outcomes: an umbrella review and meta-analysis of observational and Mendelian randomization studies. Eur Heart J. 2021 Sep 7;42(34):3388-3403. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab454.
PubMed 34333589Prasitlumkum N, Chokesuwattanaskul R, Kaewput W, Thongprayoon C, Bathini T, Boonpheng B, Vallabhajosyula S, Cheungpasitporn W, Jongnarangsin K. Utilization and in-hospital complications of catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation in patients with obesity and morbid obesity. Clin Cardiol. 2022 Apr;45(4):407-416. doi: 10.1002/clc.23795. Epub 2022 Feb 16.
PubMed 35170775Seo J, Li W, Safiriyu I, Kharawala A, Nagraj S, Tahir A, Doundoulakis I, Koliastasis L, Rios S, Palaiodimos L, Kokkinidis DG. A Meta-Analysis on the Impact of High BMI in Patients Undergoing Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis. 2022 Nov 9;9(11):386. doi: 10.3390/jcdd9110386.
PubMed 36354785
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 27 Jul 2023. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Association of Obesity and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Patients With Pacemaker : a Korean Nationwide Cohort Study
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT05645978
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- Paradox / AJOUIRB-EXP-2021-398-6
- Keywords
- Pacemaker, Obesity paradox
- Study type
- Observational
- Recruitment status
- Unknown status
- Enrolment
- 20,000 participants (estimated)
- Lead sponsor
- Ajou University School of MedicineUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 1 Jul 2022 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 31 Oct 2024 (estimated)
- Study completion
- 31 Dec 2024 (estimated)
- First posted
- 12 Dec 2022 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
In this study, the investigators evaluated the association between various measures of adiposity [BMI and waist circumference (WC)] and clinical outcomes in Asian patients who underwent pacemaker insertion, using a nationwide population based cohort.
Detailed description
This retrospective nationwide cohort study used administrative claims data from the Korean National Health Insurance Service (NHIS) and the combined health check-up database of the National Health Insurance Corporation between 2013 and 2020.
The investigators included patients who underwent pacemaker insertion between January 2015 and December 2020. Patients aged <20 years, those who were already taken pacemaker insertion before 2015, and those with cancer were excluded from the analysis. The follow-up period was defined as the time from the index date (date of device procedure) to each outcome event, date of death, or end of the study period (December 31, 2020), whichever came first.
Patients' demographic data, comorbidities, concomitant medications, and income level were collected from the Korean NHIS database. The recent health check-up data from the index date was also ascertained, including height, weight, waist circumference, blood pressure, health surveys, and laboratory exam. Health survey included family history, smoking history, alcohol history, and the level of individual physical activity.
According to BMI following the World Health Organization recommendation for Asian population, study patients were categorized into 5 groups: underweight, <18.5 kg/m2; normal range, 18.5 to <23 kg/m2; overweight, 23 to <25 kg/m2; obese I, 25 to <30 kg/m2; and obese II, ≥30 kg/m2[4]. The investigators defined the proportion of medical use by calculating formula with the recuperation cost and the number of the visit to hospitals.
During the follow-up period, the investigators assessed 3 clinical outcomes, including all-cause death, cardiovascular hospitalization and the recurrence rate. Clinical outcomes were mainly defined by the the International Classification of Diseases, 10th revision (ICD-10). Patients were censored at the clinical outcomes or the end of the study period (December 31, 2020), whichever came first.
All categorical variables are presented as frequencies and percentages. Normally distributed data were presented as mean ± standard deviation, whereas nonparametric data are presented as median and interquartile range by BMI.
Cox proportional hazard regression analyses were performed to identify the association of BMI with the primary and secondary outcomes, calculating hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) and adjusting for the following potential confounders: sex, age, systolic blood pressure, fasting glucose level, total cholesterol level, alcohol consumption, smoking status, physical activity, household income, use of antihypertensive agents, use of statins, use of antiplatelet agents, previous history of MI, previous history of stroke, and index year. All analyses were conducted using R-statistics.
Study design
- Observational model
- Cohort
- Time perspective
- Other
- Number of arms
- 1
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Patients who underwent pacemaker insertion during study period | – | Device: Pacemaker insertionPatients who underwent pacemaker insertion between January 2015 and December 2020 |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 20 years and older
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
- Study population
- We included patients who underwent pacemaker insertion between January 2015 and December 2020. Patients aged <20 years, those who were already taken pacemaker insertion before 2015, and those with cancer were excluded from the analysis. The follow-up period was defined as the time from the index date (date of device procedure) to each outcome event, date of death, or end of the study period (December 31, 2020), whichever came first.
Key inclusion criteria (1 listed)
- Patients who underwent pacemaker insertion between January 2015 and December 2020
Key exclusion criteria (3 listed)
- Patients aged <20 years
- Patients already taken pacemaker insertion before 2015
- Patients with cancer
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Pacemaker insertionAlso: Insertion of pacemakerPatients who underwent pacemaker insertion between January 2015 and December 2020 | Device | Patients who underwent pacemaker insertion during study period |
Primary outcome
Composite of Outcomes
Time frame: 5 years
Death + CV hospitalization + Fatal arrest event + Infective endocarditis
4 secondary outcomes
Death
Time frame: 5 years
CV hospitalization
Time frame: 5 years
Fatal arrest event
Time frame: 5 years
Infective endocarditis
Time frame: 5 years
Results and safety
Results are not available in the source record.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 27 Jul 2023.
- Background: PubMed 34333589Kim MS, Kim WJ, Khera AV, Kim JY, Yon DK, Lee SW, Shin JI, Won HH. Association between adiposity and cardiovascular outcomes: an umbrella review and meta-analysis of observational and Mendelian randomization studies. Eur Heart J. 2021 Sep 7;42(34):3388-3403. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab454.
- Background: PubMed 35170775Prasitlumkum N, Chokesuwattanaskul R, Kaewput W, Thongprayoon C, Bathini T, Boonpheng B, Vallabhajosyula S, Cheungpasitporn W, Jongnarangsin K. Utilization and in-hospital complications of catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation in patients with obesity and morbid obesity. Clin Cardiol. 2022 Apr;45(4):407-416. doi: 10.1002/clc.23795. Epub 2022 Feb 16.
- Background: PubMed 36354785Seo J, Li W, Safiriyu I, Kharawala A, Nagraj S, Tahir A, Doundoulakis I, Koliastasis L, Rios S, Palaiodimos L, Kokkinidis DG. A Meta-Analysis on the Impact of High BMI in Patients Undergoing Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis. 2022 Nov 9;9(11):386. doi: 10.3390/jcdd9110386.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
Related trials for Pacemaker Complication
RecruitingObservational study
Leadless Pacemaker Registry: Outcomes and Follow-up From the University Hospital of St. Pölten
Pacemaker, Leadless Pacemaker
Not yet recruiting
Belgo-Luxembourg Leadless PM Registry
Bradyarrhythmias, AV Block Complete
Not yet recruiting
Effects of Short-Term Arm Sling Use After Cardiac Implantable Electronic Device Placement
Postoperative Care After Cardiac Implantable Electronic Device Implantation
Not yet recruiting
Ultrasound-Guided PECS II Block for Permanent Pacemaker Implantation
Cardiac Pacing, Permanent Pacemaker Implantation
Not yet recruitingObservational study
Evaluation of Chronic Postsurgical Pain Risk in Patients Undergoing CIED Implantation Using an AID Support System
Pain Measurement, Chronic Pain
Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Kwang-No LEE study chair
Ajou University School of Medicine
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
An observational study of Pacemaker Complication and Arrhythmias, Cardiac, run by Ajou University School of Medicine at 1 site in South Korea.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 1 inclusion and 3 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: status not confirmed, as of the sponsor's last update on 27 Jul 2023. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in South Korea. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
Results are not available in the source record.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
Contact Kwang-No LEE (+82-9286-1123, knlee81@ajou.ac.kr), or a site near the patient. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Composite of Outcomes (time frame: 5 years). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT05645978, which also lists 3 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 27 Jul 2023.