Physical TherapyNCT05576688
Trunk Control, Balance, Gait, Functional Mobility and Fear of Falling in People With Alzheimer's Disease
A study testing Balance, Gait and Functional mobility in people with Physical Therapy, run by Ankara Yildirim Beyazıt University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
Trial summary
The purposes of this study were to investigate the relationship between trunk control and balance, gait, functional mobility, and fear of falling in people with Alzheimer's disease and to compare trunk control, balance, gait, functional mobility, and fear of falling in people with Alzheimer's disease and healthy older… Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 40 to 85 yearsHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Physical Therapy
- What is being tested?
- Balance, Gait and Functional mobility
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 68 participants
- Where
- 1 siteTurkey (Türkiye)
- Study dates
- 1 Dec 2021to 1 Jun 2022
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 40 to 85 years
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease according to the NINCDS/ARDRA diagnostic criteria by a neurologist.
- Having a cognitive level between 18-23 points according to the Mini Mental Status Examination.
- Must be able to walk independently with and/or without assistive device.
Who cannot join
- Having a history of cerebrovascular disease, epilepsy and brain tumor.
- Having a cognitive level below 18 points according to the Mini Mental Status Examination.
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
About this study
Official title: Investigation of the Relationship Between Trunk Control and Balance, Gait, Functional Mobility and Fear of Falling in People With Alzheimer's Disease
The purposes of this study were to investigate the relationship between trunk control and balance, gait, functional mobility, and fear of falling in people with Alzheimer's disease and to compare trunk control, balance, gait, functional mobility, and fear of falling in people with Alzheimer's disease and healthy older adults.
Balance, an essential motor skill necessary to perform both static and dynamic everyday activities with stability and security, is impaired in people with Alzheimer's disease when compared to cognitively preserved elderlies. Gait and functional mobility disorders are also observed in people with Alzheimer's disease from the early period of the disease. People with Alzheimer's disease tend to fall more often and are more seriously injured from falls than cognitively intact older adults. The annual incidence rate for falling is 60% to 80% for older adults with Alzheimer's disease, over twice the incidence of age-matched cognitively intact older adults.
Trunk control is shown among the most important factors that ensure the balance and walking of the individual in different environments and conditions during functional activities. Optimal trunk control relies on adequate somatosensory, motor, and musculoskeletal systems, which are frequently compromised in people with Alzheimer's disease. For this reason, the investigators think that trunk control may be affected in people with Alzheimer's disease compared to healthy older adults and may be related to balance, gait, functional mobility and fear of falling.
Read the detailed description
The study was carried out with the purpose of investigating the relationship between trunk control and balance, gait, functional mobility, and fear of falling in people with Alzheimer's disease and comparing trunk control, balance, gait, functional mobility, and fear of falling in people with Alzheimer's disease and healthy older adults.
35 people with Alzheimer's disease and 33 healthy older adults with matching ages and genders were included the study. Trunk control with Trunk Impairment Scale; balance with Berg Balance Scale, Functional Reach Test, One-Leg Standing Test and Five-Repeat Sit-and-Stand Test; gait with Dynamic Gait Index; functional mobility with Timed Up and Go Test; fear of falling with Falls Efficacy Scale-International were evaluated.
- Conditions
- Physical Therapy
- Being tested
- Balance, Trunk control, Gait, Functional mobility, Fear of falling
- Keywords
- trunk control, balance, gait, functional mobility, fear of falling
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
BalanceOther
Balance was evaluated with Berg Balance Scale (BBS), Functional Reach Test (FRT), One Leg Stance Test (OLST) and Five-Repeat Sit-and-Stand Test (5STS). BBS consists of 14 functional tasks of increasing difficulty, each scored on a scale ranging from 0 to 4. The maximum possible score is 56, indicating no identifiable balance difficulties. FRT measures the maximum distance that participants can reach forward with their dominant arm raised to 90 degrees without moving their feet, which were positioned 10 cm apart. OLST measures the time one is able to stand on one lower limb without support. The test was repeated for both sides. 5STS assesses the time it takes to get up and sit from the chair five times. Measurements were repeated 3 times and the average duration was calculated as a patient score.
Trunk controlOther
Trunk control was evaluated with Trunk Impairment Scale (TIS).TIS evaluates static sitting balance, dynamic sitting balance, and trunk coordination on a scale from 0 to 23 points, a higher score indicating a better performance.
GaitOther
Gait was evaluated with Dynamic Gait Index (DGI). DGI has 8 items: walking, walking while changing speed, walking while turning the head horizontally and vertically, walking with pivot turn, walking over and around obstacles, and stair climbing. The scoring of the DGI is based on a 4-point scale ranging from 0 to 3, with 0 indicating severe impairment and 3 indicating normal ability. The best performance total score is 24. A low composite DGI score indicates greater impairment in gait.
Functional mobilityOther
Functional mobility was evaluated with Timed Up and Go Test (TUG). TUG is a test of the time required for an individual to stand up from a chair with armrests, walk 3 m, turn, walk back to the chair, and sit down. The stopwatch timing started when the participant's bottom left the chair and ended when the bottom made contact with the chair after the walk.
Fear of fallingOther
Fear of falling was evaluated with the Falls Efficacy Scale-International (FES-I). FES-I was used to assess the level of concern about falls during 16 activities of daily living, ranging from basic to more demanding activities including social activities that may contribute to quality of life. It was administered as a self-report questionnaire.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Alzheimer's disease | Experimental | People with Alzheimer's disease who were diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease according to NINCDS/ARDRA diagnostic criteria by a neurologist and whose cognitive level was between 18-23 points according to Mini Mental State Examination. Receives: Other: Balance; Other: Trunk control; Other: Gait; Other: Functional mobility; Other: Fear of falling |
| Healthy older adults | No intervention | 33 healthy older adults with matching ages and gender. |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Trunk control
Trunk control was evaluated with Trunk Impairment Scale (TIS). TIS evaluates static sitting balance, dynamic sitting balance, and trunk coordination on a scale from 0 to 23 points, a higher score indicating a better performance.
Measured: 1 month
Secondary outcomes (7)
Functional balance
Functional balance was evaluated with Berg Balance Scale (BBS). BBS consists of 14 functional tasks of increasing difficulty, each scored on a scale ranging from 0 to 4 (0: unable to perform the task; 4: task is performed independently). The maximum possible score is 56, indicating no identifiable balance difficulties.
Measured: 1 month
Dynamic bilateral stance balance
Dynamic bilateral stance balance was evaluated with Functional Reach Test (FRT). FRT, a test of dynamic bilateral stance balance. This test measures the maximum distance that participants can reach forward with their dominant arm raised to 90 degrees without moving their feet, which were positioned 10 cm apart. The distance of additional reach from the starting position was recorded (in centimeters).
Measured: 1 month
One leg standing balance
One leg standing balance was evaluated with One Leg Stance Test (OLST). OLST measures the time one is able to stand on one lower limb without support. This test is a clinical tool to assess postural steadiness in a static position by quantitative measurement. The participant was asked to stand on one leg for 30 seconds while the knee was in 90° flexion. Two measurements were made with a stopwatch and the best measurement score was recorded. The test was repeated for both sides.
Measured: 1 month
Balance
Balance was evaluated with Five-Repeat Sit-and-Stand Test (5STS). 5STS required a straight-back armless chair of standard height (45cm) placed firmly against a wall. After performing an initial single chair stand with arms folded across the chest and feet flat on the floor, the time to complete 5 repeat chair stands was recorded in seconds. A stopwatch was provided to participants who used a suitable chair in their home for all home-based tests Measurements were repeated 3 times and the average duration was calculated as a patient score.
Measured: 1 month
Gait
Gait was evaluated with Dynamic Gait Index (DGI). DGI has 8 items: walking, walking while changing speed, walking while turning the head horizontally and vertically, walking with pivot turn, walking over and around obstacles, and stair climbing. The scoring of the DGI is based on a 4-point scale ranging from 0 to 3, with 0 indicating severe impairment and 3 indicating normal ability. The best performance total score is 24. A low composite DGI score indicates greater impairment in gait
Measured: 1 month
Functional mobility
Functional mobility was evaluated with Timed Up and Go Test (TUG). TUG is a test of the time required for an individual to stand up from a chair with armrests, walk 3 m, turn, walk back to the chair, and sit down. The stopwatch timing started when the participant's bottom left the chair and ended when the bottom made contact with the chair after the walk.
Measured: 1 month
Fear of falling
Fear of falling was evaluated with the Falls Efficacy Scale-International (FES-I). FES-I is used to assess the level of concern about falls during 16 activities of daily living, ranging from basic to more demanding activities including social activities that may contribute to quality of life. It was administered as a self-report questionnaire. The level of concern for each item was scored on a 4-point scale (1: not at all, 2: somewhat, 3: quite a lot, 4: very), with the total score range being 16 to 64.
Measured: 1 month
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted12 Oct 2022
- Study start1 Dec 2021
- Primary completion1 May 2022
- Study completion1 Jun 2022
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for Physical TherapyStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by Ankara Yildirim Beyazıt UniversityThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Screening
- Allocation
- Non-randomised
- Intervention model
- Factorial
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 68 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Ankara Yildirim Beyazıt University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
- Investigators
- Taskin Ozkan, Doctorate, Principal investigator, Giresun University Vocational School of Health Services Therapy and Rehabilitation Department
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT05576688
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 2022/30/09
- Status last verified
- Oct 2022
- First submitted
- 30 Sep 2022
- Last updated
- 13 Oct 2022
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 13 Oct 2022. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Investigation of the Relationship Between Trunk Control and Balance, Gait, Functional Mobility and Fear of Falling in People With Alzheimer's Disease
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT05576688
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- 2022/30/09
- Conditions
- Physical Therapy
- Keywords
- trunk control, balance, gait, functional mobility, fear of falling
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 68 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Ankara Yildirim Beyazıt UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 1 Dec 2021 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 1 May 2022 (actual)
- Study completion
- 1 Jun 2022 (actual)
- First posted
- 12 Oct 2022 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
The purposes of this study were to investigate the relationship between trunk control and balance, gait, functional mobility, and fear of falling in people with Alzheimer's disease and to compare trunk control, balance, gait, functional mobility, and fear of falling in people with Alzheimer's disease and healthy older adults.
Balance, an essential motor skill necessary to perform both static and dynamic everyday activities with stability and security, is impaired in people with Alzheimer's disease when compared to cognitively preserved elderlies. Gait and functional mobility disorders are also observed in people with Alzheimer's disease from the early period of the disease. People with Alzheimer's disease tend to fall more often and are more seriously injured from falls than cognitively intact older adults. The annual incidence rate for falling is 60% to 80% for older adults with Alzheimer's disease, over twice the incidence of age-matched cognitively intact older adults.
Trunk control is shown among the most important factors that ensure the balance and walking of the individual in different environments and conditions during functional activities. Optimal trunk control relies on adequate somatosensory, motor, and musculoskeletal systems, which are frequently compromised in people with Alzheimer's disease. For this reason, the investigators think that trunk control may be affected in people with Alzheimer's disease compared to healthy older adults and may be related to balance, gait, functional mobility and fear of falling.
Detailed description
The study was carried out with the purpose of investigating the relationship between trunk control and balance, gait, functional mobility, and fear of falling in people with Alzheimer's disease and comparing trunk control, balance, gait, functional mobility, and fear of falling in people with Alzheimer's disease and healthy older adults.
35 people with Alzheimer's disease and 33 healthy older adults with matching ages and genders were included the study. Trunk control with Trunk Impairment Scale; balance with Berg Balance Scale, Functional Reach Test, One-Leg Standing Test and Five-Repeat Sit-and-Stand Test; gait with Dynamic Gait Index; functional mobility with Timed Up and Go Test; fear of falling with Falls Efficacy Scale-International were evaluated.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Screening
- Allocation
- Non-randomised
- Intervention model
- Factorial
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Alzheimer's disease | Experimental | Other: Balance, Other: Trunk control, Other: Gait, Other: Functional mobility, Other: Fear of fallingPeople with Alzheimer's disease who were diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease according to NINCDS/ARDRA diagnostic criteria by a neurologist and whose cognitive level was between 18-23 points according to Mini Mental State Examination. |
| Healthy older adults | No intervention | –33 healthy older adults with matching ages and gender. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 40 to 85 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (3 listed)
- Clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease according to the NINCDS/ARDRA diagnostic criteria by a neurologist.
- Having a cognitive level between 18-23 points according to the Mini Mental Status Examination.
- Must be able to walk independently with and/or without assistive device.
Key exclusion criteria (2 listed)
- Having a history of cerebrovascular disease, epilepsy and brain tumor.
- Having a cognitive level below 18 points according to the Mini Mental Status Examination.
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| BalanceBalance was evaluated with Berg Balance Scale (BBS), Functional Reach Test (FRT), One Leg Stance Test (OLST) and Five-Repeat Sit-and-Stand Test (5STS). BBS consists of 14 functional tasks of increasing difficulty, each scored on a scale ranging from 0 to 4. The maximum possible score is 56, indicating no identifiable balance difficulties. FRT measures the maximum distance that participants can reach forward with their dominant arm raised to 90 degrees without moving their feet, which were positioned 10 cm apart. OLST measures the time one is able to stand on one lower limb without support. The test was repeated for both sides. 5STS assesses the time it takes to get up and sit from the chair five times. Measurements were repeated 3 times and the average duration was calculated as a patient score. | Other | Alzheimer's disease |
| Trunk controlTrunk control was evaluated with Trunk Impairment Scale (TIS).TIS evaluates static sitting balance, dynamic sitting balance, and trunk coordination on a scale from 0 to 23 points, a higher score indicating a better performance. | Other | Alzheimer's disease |
| GaitGait was evaluated with Dynamic Gait Index (DGI). DGI has 8 items: walking, walking while changing speed, walking while turning the head horizontally and vertically, walking with pivot turn, walking over and around obstacles, and stair climbing. The scoring of the DGI is based on a 4-point scale ranging from 0 to 3, with 0 indicating severe impairment and 3 indicating normal ability. The best performance total score is 24. A low composite DGI score indicates greater impairment in gait. | Other | Alzheimer's disease |
| Functional mobilityFunctional mobility was evaluated with Timed Up and Go Test (TUG). TUG is a test of the time required for an individual to stand up from a chair with armrests, walk 3 m, turn, walk back to the chair, and sit down. The stopwatch timing started when the participant's bottom left the chair and ended when the bottom made contact with the chair after the walk. | Other | Alzheimer's disease |
| Fear of fallingFear of falling was evaluated with the Falls Efficacy Scale-International (FES-I). FES-I was used to assess the level of concern about falls during 16 activities of daily living, ranging from basic to more demanding activities including social activities that may contribute to quality of life. It was administered as a self-report questionnaire. | Other | Alzheimer's disease |
Primary outcome
Trunk control
Time frame: 1 month
Trunk control was evaluated with Trunk Impairment Scale (TIS). TIS evaluates static sitting balance, dynamic sitting balance, and trunk coordination on a scale from 0 to 23 points, a higher score indicating a better performance.
7 secondary outcomes
Functional balance
Time frame: 1 month
Dynamic bilateral stance balance
Time frame: 1 month
One leg standing balance
Time frame: 1 month
Balance
Time frame: 1 month
Gait
Time frame: 1 month
Functional mobility
Time frame: 1 month
Fear of falling
Time frame: 1 month
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 13 Oct 2022.
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Taskin Ozkan, Doctorate principal investigator
Giresun University Vocational School of Health Services Therapy and Rehabilitation Department
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Balance, Gait and Functional mobility in people with Physical Therapy, run by Ankara Yildirim Beyazıt University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 3 inclusion and 2 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 13 Oct 2022. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye). Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Trunk control (time frame: 1 month). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 13 Oct 2022; AzTrials last refreshed its copy on 7 Nov 2026.