EpisiotomyNCT05486624
The Effect of Reiki Application on Episiotomy and Perineal Pain
A study testing Reiki in people with Episiotomy and Birth, run by Kirsehir Ahi Evran Universitesi at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
Trial summary
Purpose: To investigate the effect of Reiki application on postpartum episiotomy recovery and perineal pain in postpartum women who had vaginal delivery. Design and framework: The research is randomized controlled in a pre-test post-test order in a hospital in Turkey. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 years and older, women onlyHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Episiotomy, Birth, Perineal Pain
- What is being tested?
- Reiki
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 100 participants
- Where
- 1 siteTurkey (Türkiye)
- Study dates
- 1 Aug 2020to 30 Jun 2021
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 years and older
- Women only
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- 18 years and over,
- No risky pregnancy (no systemic disease, no smoking, no postpartum complications),
- The gestational week is 37-42 weeks,
- Single and live vaginal delivery,
- Mediolateral episiotomy performed,
- No vaginal infection,
Show all 9Show fewer
- Not using any medication,
- No laceration (anal sphincter injury, 3rd degree perineal laceration) other than episiotomy,
- Only puerperant women who use clean water for perineum care and keep them dry will be included in the study.
Who cannot join
- Under 18 years old,
- Having a risky pregnancy,
- Gestational week other than 37-42 weeks,
- Having multiple births, stillbirths and anomalies,
- Having episiotomy other than mediolateral episiotomy,
- Having vaginal infection,
Show all 11Show fewer
- Using any medication,
- Having laceration other than episiotomy,
- Cesarean section,
- Does not meet the standard of using clean water and keeping it dry in perineum care (doing different care or using pharmacological products),
- Postpartum women who do not accept home visits will be excluded.
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
Turkey (Türkiye)1 site
Kırşehir Training and Research Hospital
Kırşehir
About this study
Official title: The Effect of Reiki Application Episiotomy Recovery and Perineal Pain
Purpose: To investigate the effect of Reiki application on postpartum episiotomy recovery and perineal pain in postpartum women who had vaginal delivery.
Design and framework: The research is randomized controlled in a pre-test post-test order in a hospital in Turkey. By using Simple Random Numbers Table as the randomization method in the selection of the sample, a total of 86 puerperal women, 40 in the intervention group and 46 in the control group, were recruited. Episiotomy recovery of the intervention and control groups on the 1st day, 2nd day, 7th day, and 14th day postpartum was evaluated with the REEDA Scale, and perineal pain was evaluated with the McGill Pain Scale Short Form.
Read more
Participants: Postpartum women who gave vaginal birth participated in the study.
Intervention: 3 sessions of Reiki for 35-40 minutes were applied to the intervention group on the 1st, 2nd and 7th days of birth.
Results: There was a significant difference between the mean REEDA Scale edema scores in the 7th day (p=0.028) and 14th day (p=0.013) follow-up of the intervention and control groups. A significant difference was found between the 3rd post-test McGill Pain Scale Short Form total pain score averages (p=0.005) and the 4th follow-up McGill Pain Scale Short Form total pain score averages (p=0.001) of the intervention and control groups.
Read the detailed description
The research is randomized controlled in the pre-test post-test order. This research has been reported in accordance with the CONSORT (Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials) guidelines. Before working at the hospital, ethics committee approval (Number: 99166796-050.06.04) from Ege University Faculty of Medicine Dean's Medical Research Ethics Committee and institutional permission from Kırşehir Governorship Provincial Health Directorate Kırşehir Public Hospitals Services Unit (No: 42884709-806.99). The aim and content of the research were explained to the puerperants orally. In addition, verbal and written consent was obtained from the puerperants using the Informed Voluntary Consent Form. Postpartum women were informed that they have the right to leave the study whenever they want.
Randomization Simple Random Numbers Table was used as the randomization method in the sample selection of the study. Among the puerperant women who met the initial inclusion criteria, those who accepted to participate in the study were included in the application of randomization. Then, a randomly sorted algorithm was created at the maximum allowed percentage, with a deviation of 10%, in a total of 100 samples. In the algorithm, 50 sample (postpartum) groups for both groups; Up to 100 randomly sorted as A and B. Intervention group: A, Control group: B. The sample taken according to the order in the list on the data collection days; It is accepted as group A or B. In terms of equality according to the number of births of the groups, 50 sample groups were randomly divided into 2 groups of 25 each without being randomized. Two groups were formed as 25 puerperant primiparous group and 25 puerperal multiparous group. In the study, since the numbers in the multiparous group were completed earlier than in the primiparous group, the sampling was continued until the number of the primiparous group was completed.
Participants and Framework The smallest sample size to be taken in the research; In order to find the significant difference between the groups, repeated measurement variance analysis was determined by using Power (Gpower) analysis under the test. In the analysis, α=0.05 and f=0.25 (medium effect size) were taken with 80% power, and 78 cases were found to be sufficient. Considering the loss of follow-up, the number of samples was increased to 100. A total of 100 puerperant women, 50 puerperant women for each group, were included in the study. When the sample size was 100 cases, the power of analysis was checked again. The strength of the work "G. Calculated using the "Power-3.1.9.2" program. As a result of the analysis applied to 86 people, 40 in the intervention group and 46 in the control group, α = 0.05, the effect size was found to be 0.7882, and the power of the study, which was calculated as post-hoc, was calculated as 0.95. Patients aged 18 and over, no risky pregnancy (no systemic disease, no smoking, no postpartum complications), 37-42 weeks of gestation, single and live vaginal delivery, performed mediolateral episiotomy, no vaginal infection, any drug Postpartum women who do not use, do not have any laceration (anal sphincter injury, 3rd degree perineal laceration) other than episiotomy, use only clean water for perineal care and keep them dry are included. The puerperant women who had lacerations other than episiotomy, who did not meet the standards of using clean water in perineum care and keeping them dry (doing different care or using pharmacological products), and who did not accept home visits were excluded from the study. Out of 100 puerperant women included in the sample, although they initially accepted the home visit, 8 of them could not be reached for home visits, 3 of them were out of the province on the day of the home visit, 2 of them did not accept home visits, and 1 of them did not comply with the standard in perineal care. In the 4th follow-up, no home visit was made. In the intervention group; 10 puerperant women, 7 from the primiparous group and 3 from the multiparous group, did not complete the study. In the control group; 4 puerperant women, 2 from the primiparous group and 2 from the multiparous group, did not complete the study. Before the research, a pilot study was conducted with 12 puerperal women. The puerperant women taken in the pilot study were not included in the sample.
Introductory Information Form was used in the intervention and control groups on the 1st day of delivery by face-to-face interviews with the postpartum in the hospital. REEDA Scale, MAI-SF were used on the 1st, 2nd, 7th and 14th days of delivery in both groups. Both groups were given the Episiotomy Care Training Brochure on the 1st day of birth and the Follow-up Form, which they would fill in within 14 days and be taken from them at the last follow-up. Intervention and control group; It was evaluated by making a home visit on the 1st day and the 2nd day in the hospital, and on the 7th and 14th days. The records of the forms were filled by the researcher. Data collection time took approximately 15 minutes for the control group and approximately 50-55 minutes for the intervention group.
- Conditions
- Episiotomy, Birth, Perineal Pain
- Being tested
- Reiki
- Keywords
- Reiki, episiotomy, perineal pain, puerparant
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
ReikiOther
Reiki, one of the complementary treatments, was applied by touching the chakra areas of the body by hand.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Control group | No intervention | Introductory Information Form was used in the control group on the 1st day of birth with face-to-face interviews. REEDA Scale, MAI-SF were used on the 1st, 2nd, 7th and 14th days of delivery. On the 1st day of birth, the Episiotomy Care Education Brochure and the Follow-up Form to be filled in within 14 days and to be obtained from them at the last follow-up were given. control group; It was evaluated by making a home visit on the 1st day and the 2nd day in the hospital, and on the 7th and 14th days. The records of the forms were filled by the researcher. Data collection time took approximately 15 minutes for the control group. Reiki was not applied to this group. |
| Intervention group | Experimental | Introductory Information Form was used in the intervention group on the 1st day of birth with face-to-face interviews. REEDA Scale, MAI-SF were used on the 1st, 2nd, 7th and 14th days of delivery. On the 1st day of birth, the Episiotomy Care Education Brochure and the Follow-up Form to be filled in within 14 days and to be obtained from them at the last follow-up were given. intervention group; It was evaluated by making a home visit on the 1st day and the 2nd day in the hospital, and on the 7th and 14th days. Reiki was applied on the 1st, 2nd and 7th days of birth. In total, 3 sessions of Reiki were applied. The records of the forms were filled by the researcher. Data collection took approximately 50-55 minutes for the intervention group. Receives: Other: Reiki |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Sample power calculation
It is aimed to determine the number that will represent the universe by calculating the sample power in the study.
Measured: Before starting the research, power analysis was calculated.
Introductory Information Form
In data collection, an Introductory Information Form consisting of 32 questions was used, which included information on socio-demographic characteristics, factors affecting wound healing, obstetric characteristics and hygiene characteristics of puerperant women.
Measured: 14 day
REEDA Scale
The REEDA Scale was used by Davidson in 1974. The Turkish validity and reliability study was carried out using the specialty thesis on "The Effect of Hot and Cold Applications on Episiotomy Healing". The scale includes five factors that indicate perineal healing: redness, edema, ecchymosis, discharge, and approaching wound edges. Each improvement factor is evaluated by giving 0, 1, 2 and 3 points. The sum of the scores obtained as a result of the evaluation of five categories constitutes the REEDA score. The lowest score on the scale is 0, and the highest score is 15. The highest score on the scale indicates severe perineal trauma.
Measured: 14 day
McGill Pain Scale Short Form (MAS-SF)
MAI-SF, developed by Melzack (1987), provides information about the sensory characteristics of pain, the severity of pain and the effect of pain. The Turkish validity and reliability of the MAI-SF has three parts. In the first part; There are 15 descriptive word groups and expressions containing the characteristics of pain. Descriptive words in this section are rated on an intensity scale from 0 to 3 (0 = none, 1 = mild, 2 = moderate, 3 = excessive). In the first part; A total of three pain scores are obtained: sensory pain score, perceptual pain score and total pain score. The sensory pain score is between 0-33 points, the perceptual pain score is between 0-12 points, and the total pain score is between 0-45 points. An increase in the score indicates an increase in pain. In the second part; There are five word groups ranging from "mild pain" to "unbearable pain" to determine the severity of pain. in the third part; Pain intensity is assessed using a 0-10 visual comparison scale.
Measured: 14 day
Tracking Form
It is a form in which the 14-day follow-up of postpartum women is made. The status of using analgesics in the form, if he has taken analgesic drug, how many he has taken, how much time has passed between analgesic drugs, analgesic drug name-dose, breastfeeding status of the baby, breastfeeding frequency if he is breastfeeding, giving water/additional nutrition to his baby, and any other factors other than water in episiotomy care. There is information questioning the application status. It was given to the intervention and control groups at the first follow-up and was withdrawn at the fourth follow-up.
Measured: 14 day
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted3 Aug 2022
- Study start1 Aug 2020
- Primary completion30 Sep 2020
- Study completion30 Jun 2021
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for EpisiotomyStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by Kirsehir Ahi Evran UniversitesiThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Supportive care
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Model description
- 1 control group, 1 intervention group
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 100 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Kirsehir Ahi Evran Universitesi
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Halime AYDEMİR, Kirsehir Ahi Evran Universitesi
- Investigators
- NERİMAN S, Study chair, neriman.sogukpinar@ege.edu.tr
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT05486624
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- AhiEvranU
- Status last verified
- Aug 2022
- First submitted
- 30 Jun 2022
- Last updated
- 3 Aug 2022
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 3 Aug 2022. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- The Effect of Reiki Application Episiotomy Recovery and Perineal Pain
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT05486624
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- AhiEvranU
- Conditions
- Episiotomy, Birth, Perineal Pain
- Keywords
- Reiki, episiotomy, perineal pain, puerparant
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 100 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Kirsehir Ahi Evran UniversitesiUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 1 Aug 2020 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 30 Sep 2020 (actual)
- Study completion
- 30 Jun 2021 (actual)
- First posted
- 3 Aug 2022 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
Purpose: To investigate the effect of Reiki application on postpartum episiotomy recovery and perineal pain in postpartum women who had vaginal delivery.
Design and framework: The research is randomized controlled in a pre-test post-test order in a hospital in Turkey. By using Simple Random Numbers Table as the randomization method in the selection of the sample, a total of 86 puerperal women, 40 in the intervention group and 46 in the control group, were recruited. Episiotomy recovery of the intervention and control groups on the 1st day, 2nd day, 7th day, and 14th day postpartum was evaluated with the REEDA Scale, and perineal pain was evaluated with the McGill Pain Scale Short Form.
Participants: Postpartum women who gave vaginal birth participated in the study.
Intervention: 3 sessions of Reiki for 35-40 minutes were applied to the intervention group on the 1st, 2nd and 7th days of birth.
Results: There was a significant difference between the mean REEDA Scale edema scores in the 7th day (p=0.028) and 14th day (p=0.013) follow-up of the intervention and control groups. A significant difference was found between the 3rd post-test McGill Pain Scale Short Form total pain score averages (p=0.005) and the 4th follow-up McGill Pain Scale Short Form total pain score averages (p=0.001) of the intervention and control groups.
Detailed description
The research is randomized controlled in the pre-test post-test order. This research has been reported in accordance with the CONSORT (Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials) guidelines. Before working at the hospital, ethics committee approval (Number: 99166796-050.06.04) from Ege University Faculty of Medicine Dean's Medical Research Ethics Committee and institutional permission from Kırşehir Governorship Provincial Health Directorate Kırşehir Public Hospitals Services Unit (No: 42884709-806.99). The aim and content of the research were explained to the puerperants orally. In addition, verbal and written consent was obtained from the puerperants using the Informed Voluntary Consent Form. Postpartum women were informed that they have the right to leave the study whenever they want.
Randomization Simple Random Numbers Table was used as the randomization method in the sample selection of the study. Among the puerperant women who met the initial inclusion criteria, those who accepted to participate in the study were included in the application of randomization. Then, a randomly sorted algorithm was created at the maximum allowed percentage, with a deviation of 10%, in a total of 100 samples. In the algorithm, 50 sample (postpartum) groups for both groups; Up to 100 randomly sorted as A and B. Intervention group: A, Control group: B. The sample taken according to the order in the list on the data collection days; It is accepted as group A or B. In terms of equality according to the number of births of the groups, 50 sample groups were randomly divided into 2 groups of 25 each without being randomized. Two groups were formed as 25 puerperant primiparous group and 25 puerperal multiparous group. In the study, since the numbers in the multiparous group were completed earlier than in the primiparous group, the sampling was continued until the number of the primiparous group was completed.
Participants and Framework The smallest sample size to be taken in the research; In order to find the significant difference between the groups, repeated measurement variance analysis was determined by using Power (Gpower) analysis under the test. In the analysis, α=0.05 and f=0.25 (medium effect size) were taken with 80% power, and 78 cases were found to be sufficient. Considering the loss of follow-up, the number of samples was increased to 100. A total of 100 puerperant women, 50 puerperant women for each group, were included in the study. When the sample size was 100 cases, the power of analysis was checked again. The strength of the work "G. Calculated using the "Power-3.1.9.2" program. As a result of the analysis applied to 86 people, 40 in the intervention group and 46 in the control group, α = 0.05, the effect size was found to be 0.7882, and the power of the study, which was calculated as post-hoc, was calculated as 0.95. Patients aged 18 and over, no risky pregnancy (no systemic disease, no smoking, no postpartum complications), 37-42 weeks of gestation, single and live vaginal delivery, performed mediolateral episiotomy, no vaginal infection, any drug Postpartum women who do not use, do not have any laceration (anal sphincter injury, 3rd degree perineal laceration) other than episiotomy, use only clean water for perineal care and keep them dry are included. The puerperant women who had lacerations other than episiotomy, who did not meet the standards of using clean water in perineum care and keeping them dry (doing different care or using pharmacological products), and who did not accept home visits were excluded from the study. Out of 100 puerperant women included in the sample, although they initially accepted the home visit, 8 of them could not be reached for home visits, 3 of them were out of the province on the day of the home visit, 2 of them did not accept home visits, and 1 of them did not comply with the standard in perineal care. In the 4th follow-up, no home visit was made. In the intervention group; 10 puerperant women, 7 from the primiparous group and 3 from the multiparous group, did not complete the study. In the control group; 4 puerperant women, 2 from the primiparous group and 2 from the multiparous group, did not complete the study. Before the research, a pilot study was conducted with 12 puerperal women. The puerperant women taken in the pilot study were not included in the sample.
Introductory Information Form was used in the intervention and control groups on the 1st day of delivery by face-to-face interviews with the postpartum in the hospital. REEDA Scale, MAI-SF were used on the 1st, 2nd, 7th and 14th days of delivery in both groups. Both groups were given the Episiotomy Care Training Brochure on the 1st day of birth and the Follow-up Form, which they would fill in within 14 days and be taken from them at the last follow-up. Intervention and control group; It was evaluated by making a home visit on the 1st day and the 2nd day in the hospital, and on the 7th and 14th days. The records of the forms were filled by the researcher. Data collection time took approximately 15 minutes for the control group and approximately 50-55 minutes for the intervention group.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Supportive care
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 2
- Model description
- 1 control group, 1 intervention group
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Control group | No intervention | –Introductory Information Form was used in the control group on the 1st day of birth with face-to-face interviews. REEDA Scale, MAI-SF were used on the 1st, 2nd, 7th and 14th days of delivery. On the 1st day of birth, the Episiotomy Care Education Brochure and the Follow-up Form to be filled in within 14 days and to be obtained from them at the last follow-up were given. control group; It was evaluated by making a home visit on the 1st day and the 2nd day in the hospital, and on the 7th and 14th days. The records of the forms were filled by the researcher. Data collection time took approximately 15 minutes for the control group. Reiki was not applied to this group. |
| Intervention group | Experimental | Other: ReikiIntroductory Information Form was used in the intervention group on the 1st day of birth with face-to-face interviews. REEDA Scale, MAI-SF were used on the 1st, 2nd, 7th and 14th days of delivery. On the 1st day of birth, the Episiotomy Care Education Brochure and the Follow-up Form to be filled in within 14 days and to be obtained from them at the last follow-up were given. intervention group; It was evaluated by making a home visit on the 1st day and the 2nd day in the hospital, and on the 7th and 14th days. Reiki was applied on the 1st, 2nd and 7th days of birth. In total, 3 sessions of Reiki were applied. The records of the forms were filled by the researcher. Data collection took approximately 50-55 minutes for the intervention group. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 years and older
- Sex
- Female only
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (9 listed)
- 18 years and over,
- No risky pregnancy (no systemic disease, no smoking, no postpartum complications),
- The gestational week is 37-42 weeks,
- Single and live vaginal delivery,
- Mediolateral episiotomy performed,
Key exclusion criteria (11 listed)
- Under 18 years old,
- Having a risky pregnancy,
- Gestational week other than 37-42 weeks,
- Having multiple births, stillbirths and anomalies,
- Having episiotomy other than mediolateral episiotomy,
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| ReikiReiki, one of the complementary treatments, was applied by touching the chakra areas of the body by hand. | Other | Intervention group |
Primary outcome
Sample power calculation
Time frame: Before starting the research, power analysis was calculated.
It is aimed to determine the number that will represent the universe by calculating the sample power in the study.
Introductory Information Form
Time frame: 14 day
In data collection, an Introductory Information Form consisting of 32 questions was used, which included information on socio-demographic characteristics, factors affecting wound healing, obstetric characteristics and hygiene characteristics of puerperant women.
REEDA Scale
Time frame: 14 day
The REEDA Scale was used by Davidson in 1974. The Turkish validity and reliability study was carried out using the specialty thesis on "The Effect of Hot and Cold Applications on Episiotomy Healing". The scale includes five factors that indicate perineal healing: redness, edema, ecchymosis, discharge, and approaching wound edges. Each improvement factor is evaluated by giving 0, 1, 2 and 3 points. The sum of the scores obtained as a result of the evaluation of five categories constitutes the REEDA score. The lowest score on the scale is 0, and the highest score is 15. The highest score on the scale indicates severe perineal trauma.
McGill Pain Scale Short Form (MAS-SF)
Time frame: 14 day
MAI-SF, developed by Melzack (1987), provides information about the sensory characteristics of pain, the severity of pain and the effect of pain. The Turkish validity and reliability of the MAI-SF has three parts. In the first part; There are 15 descriptive word groups and expressions containing the characteristics of pain. Descriptive words in this section are rated on an intensity scale from 0 to 3 (0 = none, 1 = mild, 2 = moderate, 3 = excessive). In the first part; A total of three pain scores are obtained: sensory pain score, perceptual pain score and total pain score. The sensory pain score is between 0-33 points, the perceptual pain score is between 0-12 points, and the total pain score is between 0-45 points. An increase in the score indicates an increase in pain. In the second part; There are five word groups ranging from "mild pain" to "unbearable pain" to determine the severity of pain. in the third part; Pain intensity is assessed using a 0-10 visual comparison scale.
Tracking Form
Time frame: 14 day
It is a form in which the 14-day follow-up of postpartum women is made. The status of using analgesics in the form, if he has taken analgesic drug, how many he has taken, how much time has passed between analgesic drugs, analgesic drug name-dose, breastfeeding status of the baby, breastfeeding frequency if he is breastfeeding, giving water/additional nutrition to his baby, and any other factors other than water in episiotomy care. There is information questioning the application status. It was given to the intervention and control groups at the first follow-up and was withdrawn at the fourth follow-up.
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 3 Aug 2022.
- Billot, M, Daycard, M, Wood, C, Tchalla, A,. 2019. Reiki therapy for pain, anxiety and quality of life. BMJ Supportive \& Palliative Care 9 (4), 434-438Link provided by the sponsor.
- Chan, DW,. 2003. Hardiness and its role in the stres-burnout relationship among prospective Chinese teachers in Hong Kong. Teaching and Teacher Education 19 (4), 381-395Link provided by the sponsor.
- World Health Organization. 2017. Recommendatıons On Maternal Health Guidelines Approved By The Who Guıdelines Review Committee UpdatedLink provided by the sponsor.
- Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists (RCOG). 2021. EpisiotomyLink provided by the sponsor.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
NERİMAN S study chair
neriman.sogukpinar@ege.edu.tr
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Reiki in people with Episiotomy and Birth, run by Kirsehir Ahi Evran Universitesi at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 9 inclusion and 11 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 3 Aug 2022. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye). Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Sample power calculation (time frame: Before starting the research, power analysis was calculated.). The study lists 5 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 3 Aug 2022; AzTrials last refreshed its copy on 8 Nov 2026.