Aplastic AnemiaPhase 2NCT05399732
Efficacy and Safety in Transfusion Independent Non-severe Aplastic Anemia
A Phase 2 study testing Luspatercept and Cyclosporine in people with Aplastic Anemia, run by Bing Han at 1 site in China.
Trial summary
Aplastic anemia (AA) is a rare bone marrow failure disease characterized by bone marrow hypocellularity and peripheral blood pancytopenia. AA is divided into severe AA (SAA) and non-severe AA (NSAA) based on the degree of cytopenia. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 to 80 years
- Conditions the study is for
- Aplastic Anemia
- What is being tested?
- Luspatercept and Cyclosporine
- Type of treatment
- Injection or infusion
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 58 participants
- Where
- 1 siteChina
- Study dates
- 19 Dec 2022to 15 Apr 2025
- Phase
- Phase 2
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 to 80 years
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- age≥18 year-old;
- hemoglobin level between 60g/L~10 g/dL;
- newly diagnosed patients have at least one of the followings: #absolute neutrophil count <1.5×109/L, #platelet count < 30×109/L, # hemoglobin level < 100g/L;
- with normal baseline liver and kidney function;
- with no active infection; are not pregnant or nursing;
- agree to sign consent forms;
- Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status 0-2
Who cannot join
- Congenital aplastic anemia;
- Presence of chromosomal aberration;
- Evidence of a clonal hematologic bone marrow disorder (MDS, AML) on cytogenetics;
- Presence with PNH clone ≥50%;
- Patients received HSCT before;
- Uncontrolled infection or bleeding with standard treatment;
Show all 13Show fewer
- Allergic to luspatercept CsA or accessories;
- HIV, HCV or HBV active infection or liver cirrhosis or portal hypertension;
- Patient with QTcF (Fridericia's QT correction formula) at screening <450 msec, or<480 msec with bundle branch block, as determined via the mean of a triplicate ECG and assessed at site, unstable angina pectoris, uncontrolled hypertension(>180/100mmHg)#pulmonary artery hypertension;
- Have any concomitant malignancies within 5 years expect for local basal cell carcinoma of the skin;
- Past history of thromboembolic event, heart attack or stroke (including anti-phospholipid antibody syndrome) and current use of anticoagulants;
- Pregnant or nursing (lactating) woman;
- Have attended other clinical trials within 3 months
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
About this study
Official title: A Randomized, Case Controlled Clinical Trial Evaluating the Efficiency and Safety of Luspatercept Plus Cyclosporine Versus Cyclosporine in Newly Diagnosed Transfusion Independent Non-severe Aplastic Anemia (NSAA).
Aplastic anemia (AA) is a rare bone marrow failure disease characterized by bone marrow hypocellularity and peripheral blood pancytopenia. AA is divided into severe AA (SAA) and non-severe AA (NSAA) based on the degree of cytopenia. The first line therapy for SAA or transfusion dependent NSAA is either immunosuppression therapy (IST) or hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Little attention has been paid to patients with anemia but not transfusion dependent, whose quality of life is significantly impaired due to the anemia and other complications.
Read the detailed description
Recombined human erythropoietin (rhEPO) has been shown to increase the erythroid response and response rate when combined with IST for patients with newly diagnosed AA, either SAA or NSAA. Different from rhEPO, luspatercept is a recombinant fusion protein that binds to select transforming growth factor β superfamily ligands and enhances late-stage erythropoiesis, and has been shown the promising efficiency in the erythropoiesis in patients with lower risk myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) in the phase II and III clinical trials. This randomized control study aimed to compare the 6-month efficacy and safety of the combination of luspatercept and cyclosporine versus cyclosporine monotherapy in patients with newly diagnosed transfusion independent NSAA.
- Conditions
- Aplastic Anemia
- Being tested
- Luspatercept, Cyclosporine
- Keywords
- NSAA, luspatercept, ORR, non-transfusion dependent
- Medical subject headings
- Anemia, Aplastic
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
LuspaterceptDrug
Patients in each group will be treated for at least 6 months and continue the treatment for an additional 6 months unless disease progress or have intolerable side effects.
CyclosporineDrug
Also called Ciclosporin, Cyclosporin
Cyclosporine was administered at a 3-5 mg/(kd/d) and maintained at a 100-200 ng/ml trough plasma concentration.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| efficiency and safety in luspatercept plus cyclosporine | Experimental | luspatercept is at a dose of 1.0 mg per kilogram of body weight, administered subcutaneously every 3 weeks,and cyclosporine is at a dose of 3~5mg/kg /day for at least 6 months. Receives: Drug: Luspatercept; Drug: Cyclosporine |
| controll group in cyclosporine alone | Active comparator | cyclosporine is at a dose of 3~5mg/kg /day for at least 6 months. Receives: Drug: Cyclosporine |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
overall response rate (ORR)
Overall Response Rate (ORR) Defined as the Number of Participants Who Met the Criteria of Either Complete Response (CR) or Partial Response (PR); HR defined as a hemoglobin increase from baseline of ≥1.5 g/dL for ≥2 weeks (in the absence of RBC transfusions)
Measured: 6 month
Secondary outcomes (3)
Hematologic response-erythroid(HR-E)
HR is defined as a hemoglobin increase from baseline of ≥1.5 g/dL for ≥2 weeks (in the absence of RBC transfusions
Measured: 6 month
side effects
Safety analyses include assessments of the incidence and severity of adverse events; all adverse events that occurred or worsened during the treatment period will be reported, as well as adverse events that occurred later but are considered by the investigator to be related to the trial drug.
Measured: 1 year
predictive factors
Predictors analyses will evaluate the relationship between the effect of these two treatments with molecular mutations PIGA and BCOR and BCORL1 and EPO level.
Measured: 6 month
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted1 Jun 2022
- Study start19 Dec 2022
- Primary completion1 Feb 2025
- Study completion15 Apr 2025
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (8)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Aplastic AnemiaStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase 2
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Model description
- Cyclosporine soft capsules(25mg) are produced by North China pharmaceutical Group Corporation
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 58 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Bing Han
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Bristol-Myers Squibb
- Responsible party
- Sponsor-investigator, Bing Han, Peking Union Medical College Hospital
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT05399732
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- HanB-NSAA-lus
- Status last verified
- Sep 2025
- First submitted
- 24 May 2022
- Last updated
- 16 Sep 2025
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- Yes
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- Yes: individual participant data would be accepted upon request
Publications
Howard SC, Naidu PE, Hu XJ, Jeng MR, Rodriguez-Galindo C, Rieman MD, Wang WC. Natural history of moderate aplastic anemia in children. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2004 Oct;43(5):545-51. doi: 10.1002/pbc.20131.
PubMed 15382271Zhang ML, Chen WS, Han B. [Evaluation of the efficacy of cyclosporin A combined with recombined human thrombopoietin for treating patients with non-severe aplastic anemia]. Zhonghua Xue Ye Xue Za Zhi. 2020 Aug 14;41(8):637-642. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-2727.2020.08.004. Chinese.
PubMed 32942816Chen WS, Zhang ML, Han B. [Evaluation of the Efficacy of Cyclosporin A Combined with Recombined Human Erythropoietin in the Treatment of Patients with Chronic Aplastic Anemia]. Zhongguo Yi Xue Ke Xue Yuan Xue Bao. 2021 Oct;43(5):736-742. doi: 10.3881/j.issn.1000-503X.13201. Chinese.
PubMed 34728034Furlong E, Carter T. Aplastic anaemia: Current concepts in diagnosis and management. J Paediatr Child Health. 2020 Jul;56(7):1023-1028. doi: 10.1111/jpc.14996. Epub 2020 Jul 3.
PubMed 32619069Desmond R, Townsley DM, Dunbar C, Young NS. Eltrombopag in aplastic anemia. Semin Hematol. 2015 Jan;52(1):31-7. doi: 10.1053/j.seminhematol.2014.10.002. Epub 2014 Oct 31.
PubMed 25578417Matsuda K, Koya J, Arai S, Nakazaki K, Nakamura F, Kurokawa M. Cyclosporine Therapy in Patients with Transfusion-independent Non-severe Aplastic Anemia: A Retrospective Analysis. Intern Med. 2019 Feb 1;58(3):355-360. doi: 10.2169/internalmedicine.1372-18. Epub 2018 Aug 24.
PubMed 30146592Drexler B, Passweg J. Current evidence and the emerging role of eltrombopag in severe aplastic anemia. Ther Adv Hematol. 2021 Mar 3;12:2040620721998126. doi: 10.1177/2040620721998126. eCollection 2021.
PubMed 33747425Zhang Z, Hu Q, Wang L, Yang C, Chen M, Han B. Efficacy and safety of cyclosporine plus luspatercept versus cyclosporine in newly diagnosed non-transfusion-dependent non-severe aplastic anemia: A prospective randomized trial. BMC Med. 2026 Apr 29;24(1):358. doi: 10.1186/s12916-026-04887-9.
PubMed 42057135
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 16 Sep 2025. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- A Randomized, Case Controlled Clinical Trial Evaluating the Efficiency and Safety of Luspatercept Plus Cyclosporine Versus Cyclosporine in Newly Diagnosed Transfusion Independent Non-severe Aplastic Anemia (NSAA).
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT05399732
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- HanB-NSAA-lus
- Conditions
- Aplastic Anemia
- Keywords
- NSAA, luspatercept, ORR, non-transfusion dependent
- Phase
- Phase 2
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 58 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Bing HanUniversity, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Bristol-Myers Squibb
- Study start
- 19 Dec 2022 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 1 Feb 2025 (actual)
- Study completion
- 15 Apr 2025 (actual)
- First posted
- 1 Jun 2022 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
Aplastic anemia (AA) is a rare bone marrow failure disease characterized by bone marrow hypocellularity and peripheral blood pancytopenia. AA is divided into severe AA (SAA) and non-severe AA (NSAA) based on the degree of cytopenia. The first line therapy for SAA or transfusion dependent NSAA is either immunosuppression therapy (IST) or hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Little attention has been paid to patients with anemia but not transfusion dependent, whose quality of life is significantly impaired due to the anemia and other complications.
Detailed description
Recombined human erythropoietin (rhEPO) has been shown to increase the erythroid response and response rate when combined with IST for patients with newly diagnosed AA, either SAA or NSAA. Different from rhEPO, luspatercept is a recombinant fusion protein that binds to select transforming growth factor β superfamily ligands and enhances late-stage erythropoiesis, and has been shown the promising efficiency in the erythropoiesis in patients with lower risk myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) in the phase II and III clinical trials. This randomized control study aimed to compare the 6-month efficacy and safety of the combination of luspatercept and cyclosporine versus cyclosporine monotherapy in patients with newly diagnosed transfusion independent NSAA.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 2
- Model description
- Cyclosporine soft capsules(25mg) are produced by North China pharmaceutical Group Corporation
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| efficiency and safety in luspatercept plus cyclosporine | Experimental | Drug: Luspatercept, Drug: Cyclosporineluspatercept is at a dose of 1.0 mg per kilogram of body weight, administered subcutaneously every 3 weeks,and cyclosporine is at a dose of 3~5mg/kg /day for at least 6 months. |
| controll group in cyclosporine alone | Active comparator | Drug: Cyclosporinecyclosporine is at a dose of 3~5mg/kg /day for at least 6 months. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 to 80 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (7 listed)
- age≥18 year-old;
- hemoglobin level between 60g/L~10 g/dL;
- newly diagnosed patients have at least one of the followings: #absolute neutrophil count <1.5×109/L, #platelet count < 30×109/L, # hemoglobin level < 100g/L;
- with normal baseline liver and kidney function;
- with no active infection; are not pregnant or nursing;
Key exclusion criteria (13 listed)
- Congenital aplastic anemia;
- Presence of chromosomal aberration;
- Evidence of a clonal hematologic bone marrow disorder (MDS, AML) on cytogenetics;
- Presence with PNH clone ≥50%;
- Patients received HSCT before;
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| LuspaterceptPatients in each group will be treated for at least 6 months and continue the treatment for an additional 6 months unless disease progress or have intolerable side effects. | Drug | efficiency and safety in luspatercept plus cyclosporine |
| CyclosporineAlso: Ciclosporin, CyclosporinCyclosporine was administered at a 3-5 mg/(kd/d) and maintained at a 100-200 ng/ml trough plasma concentration. | Drug | controll group in cyclosporine alone, efficiency and safety in luspatercept plus cyclosporine |
Primary outcome
overall response rate (ORR)
Time frame: 6 month
Overall Response Rate (ORR) Defined as the Number of Participants Who Met the Criteria of Either Complete Response (CR) or Partial Response (PR); HR defined as a hemoglobin increase from baseline of ≥1.5 g/dL for ≥2 weeks (in the absence of RBC transfusions)
3 secondary outcomes
Hematologic response-erythroid(HR-E)
Time frame: 6 month
side effects
Time frame: 1 year
predictive factors
Time frame: 6 month
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 16 Sep 2025.
- Background: PubMed 15382271Howard SC, Naidu PE, Hu XJ, Jeng MR, Rodriguez-Galindo C, Rieman MD, Wang WC. Natural history of moderate aplastic anemia in children. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2004 Oct;43(5):545-51. doi: 10.1002/pbc.20131.
- Background: PubMed 32942816Zhang ML, Chen WS, Han B. [Evaluation of the efficacy of cyclosporin A combined with recombined human thrombopoietin for treating patients with non-severe aplastic anemia]. Zhonghua Xue Ye Xue Za Zhi. 2020 Aug 14;41(8):637-642. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-2727.2020.08.004. Chinese.
- Background: PubMed 34728034Chen WS, Zhang ML, Han B. [Evaluation of the Efficacy of Cyclosporin A Combined with Recombined Human Erythropoietin in the Treatment of Patients with Chronic Aplastic Anemia]. Zhongguo Yi Xue Ke Xue Yuan Xue Bao. 2021 Oct;43(5):736-742. doi: 10.3881/j.issn.1000-503X.13201. Chinese.
- Background: PubMed 32619069Furlong E, Carter T. Aplastic anaemia: Current concepts in diagnosis and management. J Paediatr Child Health. 2020 Jul;56(7):1023-1028. doi: 10.1111/jpc.14996. Epub 2020 Jul 3.
- Background: PubMed 25578417Desmond R, Townsley DM, Dunbar C, Young NS. Eltrombopag in aplastic anemia. Semin Hematol. 2015 Jan;52(1):31-7. doi: 10.1053/j.seminhematol.2014.10.002. Epub 2014 Oct 31.
- Background: PubMed 30146592Matsuda K, Koya J, Arai S, Nakazaki K, Nakamura F, Kurokawa M. Cyclosporine Therapy in Patients with Transfusion-independent Non-severe Aplastic Anemia: A Retrospective Analysis. Intern Med. 2019 Feb 1;58(3):355-360. doi: 10.2169/internalmedicine.1372-18. Epub 2018 Aug 24.
- Background: PubMed 33747425Drexler B, Passweg J. Current evidence and the emerging role of eltrombopag in severe aplastic anemia. Ther Adv Hematol. 2021 Mar 3;12:2040620721998126. doi: 10.1177/2040620721998126. eCollection 2021.
- Derived from this study: PubMed 42057135Zhang Z, Hu Q, Wang L, Yang C, Chen M, Han B. Efficacy and safety of cyclosporine plus luspatercept versus cyclosporine in newly diagnosed non-transfusion-dependent non-severe aplastic anemia: A prospective randomized trial. BMC Med. 2026 Apr 29;24(1):358. doi: 10.1186/s12916-026-04887-9.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: Yes. individual participant data would be accepted upon request
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
The record lists no contact. Use the official record to reach the sponsor.
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A Phase 2 study testing Luspatercept and Cyclosporine in people with Aplastic Anemia, run by Bing Han at 1 site in China.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 7 inclusion and 13 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 16 Sep 2025. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in China. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
What does this phase mean?
Phase 2 studies give the treatment to a larger group to see whether it has the intended effect and to keep checking safety.
Not every study follows the same path, and some studies (observational studies, device studies) have no phase.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
overall response rate (ORR) (time frame: 6 month). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT05399732, which also lists 8 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 16 Sep 2025.