Veterans With Opioid Use DisorderTHRIVENCT05388812
Together in Recovery With Veterans Through Employment
A study testing Treatment As Usual Vocational Rehabilitation (TAU-VR) and Individual Placement and Support (IPS) in people with Veterans With Opioid Use Disorder, run by VA Office of Research and Development at 2 sites in United States.
Trial summary
The purpose of this study is to help Veterans who have opioid use problems with gaining and maintaining meaningful employment. The investigators also want to know employment helps with other aspects of the Veteran's life including starting and staying on necessary medications, mental health needs, and feeling a part… Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 19 years and olderHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Veterans With Opioid Use Disorder
- What is being tested?
- Treatment As Usual Vocational Rehabilitation (TAU-VR) and Individual Placement and Support (IPS)
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 123 participants
- Where
- 2 sitesUnited States
- Study dates
- 16 Dec 2022to 30 Sep 2027
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- Not yet: the study is under way
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 19 years and older
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- age 19* (<19 year of age in the state of AL is defined minor)
- DSM-5 Axis I diagnosis of OUD
- currently unemployed or underemployed, defined as working <20hrs/week in a meaningful competitive job for a wage, salary, or commission
- expression of interest in competitive employment; and willing and able to give informed consent
Who cannot join
- current diagnosis of psychotic disorders since these Veterans already can receive IPS in usual care at TVAMC and BVAMC
- diagnosis of dementia (evidenced in the medical record)
- presence of current severe and unstable medical condition or terminal illness, that would contraindicate study participation or expose them to an undue risk
- unlikely that participant can complete the study
- e.g., expected deployment, incarceration, long-term hospitalization, or relocation from the vicinity
- active suicidal or homicidal ideation making it unsafe for Veteran to be included
- current participation in another vocational interventional trial
Trial locations and contacts
2 sites in 1 country.
United States2 sites
Birmingham VA Medical Center, Birmingham, AL
Birmingham, Alabama, 35233-1927
Tuscaloosa VA Medical Center, Tuscaloosa, AL
Tuscaloosa, Alabama, 35404-5015
About this study
Official title: Individual Placement and Support for Veterans With Opioid Use Disorder: A Mixed Methods Study
The purpose of this study is to help Veterans who have opioid use problems with gaining and maintaining meaningful employment. The investigators also want to know employment helps with other aspects of the Veteran's life including starting and staying on necessary medications, mental health needs, and feeling a part of society.
Read the detailed description
The primary aim of this study is to evaluate the employment outcomes of Individual Placement and Support (IPS) compared to Treatment-as-Usual Vocational Rehabilitation (TAU-VR) in 120 Veterans who are recovering from opioid use disorder (OUD) over 15 months. Specifically, the investigators will see which treatment yields more weeks worked in a competitive job with the hypothesis that IPS will result in better outcomes than TAU-VR. The investigators will interview Veterans in both IPS and TAU-VR groups to investigate the contextual barriers and facilitators of implementing vocational services among Veterans with OUD with the aim to provide solutions and leverage facilitators of success as the VHA expands supported employment services to a new priority population. Investigators will evaluate the impact of vocational services on adherence to prescribed treatment and OUD relapse rates. This study is especially timely given the societal impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on employment and occupational functioning.
- Conditions
- Veterans With Opioid Use Disorder
- Being tested
- Treatment As Usual Vocational Rehabilitation (TAU-VR), Individual Placement and Support (IPS)
- Keywords
- Veteran, opioid use disorder, employment, social support, mental health
- Medical subject headings
- Opioid-Related Disorders, Psychological Well-Being
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Treatment As Usual Vocational Rehabilitation (TAU-VR)Other
TAU-VR Services may include 1) Compensated Work Therapy-Transitional Work (CWT-TW) assignment in a set-aside, minimum-wage, short-term job, typically in the VA setting (approximately 50% of the Veterans randomized to TW in past studies conducted by the investigators actually engaged in TW assignment) or 2) CWT-Community-Based Employment Services (CWT-CBES) which involves a community job search, placement in a competitive job, with limited follow-along support that typically ends after the Veteran is working in his/her first job
Individual Placement and Support (IPS)Other
The IPS model involves the following important domains: competitive employment, eligibility based on client choice of employment, integration of IPS and treatment team personalized counseling, rapid job search, systematic job development, and time-unlimited and individualized support.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Individual Placement and Support | Experimental | The IPS model involves the following important domains: competitive employment, eligibility based on client choice of employment, integration of IPS and treatment team personalized counseling, rapid job search, systematic job development, and time-unlimited and individualized support. Receives: Other: Individual Placement and Support (IPS) |
| Treatment As Usual Vocational Rehabilitation (TAU-VR) | Active comparator | TAU-VR Services may include 1) Compensated Work Therapy-Transitional Work (CWT-TW) assignment in a set-aside, minimum-wage, short-term job, typically in the VA setting (approximately 50% of the Veterans randomized to TW in past studies conducted by the investigators actually engaged in TW assignment) or 2) CWT-Community-Based Employment Services (CWT-CBES) which involves a community job search, placement in a competitive job, with limited follow-along support that typically ends after the Veteran is working in his/her first job Receives: Other: Treatment As Usual Vocational Rehabilitation (TAU-VR) |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
number of weeks worked
A "week worked" is defined as working either part time or full time in a competitive job during a Sunday to Saturday 7-day window. Competitive employment is defined as a job that pays at least minimum wage or is based on salary or commission, is based in a setting alongside others without disabilities, and is not reserved for people with disabilities
Measured: 15 months
Secondary outcomes (5)
Quality of Life
Veteran quality of life will be measures by a 16-item self-report quality of life scale by Burckhardt and Anderson. Scores range from 16 to 112. Higher numbers mean better quality of life. According to the authors, the average score of a healthy adult is 90. Therefore anything above 90 should be considered good.
Measured: 15 months
social support
the Veterans perceived social support will be measured by the 37-item self-report community assessment inventory by Salari et al. There are four domains: household, (six items), family (10 items), friends 8 items), and community (13 items). scores can be calculated for each domain or on a total scale. for the total scale scores range from. Higher numbers mean higher perceived social support. No specific guidance on what is considered good or poor social support.
Measured: 15 months
Depression
the Veterans depressive symptoms will be measured by the 9-item self-report Patient Health Questionnaire-9 by Pfitzer. Scores range from 1-27. Higher numbers mean more depressive symptoms. 1-4 is considered minimal depression; 5-9 is considered mild depression; 10-14 is considered moderate depression; 15-19 is considered moderately severe depression; and 20-27 is considered severe depression.
Measured: 15 months
Anxiety
the Veterans anxiety will be measured by the 7-item self-report Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 questionnaire by Spitzer et al. Scores range from zero to 21. Higher numbers mean more anxiety. zero to 4 is considered minimal anxiety; 5-9 is considered mild anxiety; 10-14 is considered moderate anxiety, and 15-21 is considered severe anxiety.
Measured: 15 months
Resilience
the Veterans resilience will be measured by the 6-item self-report Brief Resilience Scale questionnaire by Smith et al. scores range from zero to 30 and then averaged by the number of questions answered. Therefore final scores averages range rom zero to 5. Higher mean scores reflect more resilience. The authors of the questionnaire do not provide any guidance on what is considered high, medium, or low resilience.
Measured: 15 months
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted24 May 2022
- Study start16 Dec 2022
- Primary completion30 Aug 2027 (estimated)
- Study completion30 Sep 2027 (estimated)
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for Veterans With Opioid Use DisorderStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by VA Office of Research and DevelopmentThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Supportive care
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Model description
- eligible and consenting participants will be randomized to either individual placement and support (IPS) or treatment as usual vocational rehabilitation (TAU-VR).
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 123 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- VA Office of Research and Development
- Sponsor type
- US federal agency
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
- Investigators
- Mercy N Mumba, RN, Principal investigator, Tuscaloosa VA Medical Center, Tuscaloosa, AL
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT05388812
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- D3656-R
- Acronym
- THRIVE
- Status last verified
- Mar 2026
- First submitted
- 19 May 2022
- Last updated
- 19 Mar 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 19 Mar 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Individual Placement and Support for Veterans With Opioid Use Disorder: A Mixed Methods Study
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT05388812
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- THRIVE / D3656-R
- Conditions
- Veterans With Opioid Use Disorder
- Keywords
- Veteran, opioid use disorder, employment, social support, mental health
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Active, not recruiting
- Enrolment
- 123 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- VA Office of Research and DevelopmentUS federal agency
- Study start
- 16 Dec 2022 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 30 Aug 2027 (estimated)
- Study completion
- 30 Sep 2027 (estimated)
- First posted
- 24 May 2022 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
The purpose of this study is to help Veterans who have opioid use problems with gaining and maintaining meaningful employment. The investigators also want to know employment helps with other aspects of the Veteran's life including starting and staying on necessary medications, mental health needs, and feeling a part of society.
Detailed description
The primary aim of this study is to evaluate the employment outcomes of Individual Placement and Support (IPS) compared to Treatment-as-Usual Vocational Rehabilitation (TAU-VR) in 120 Veterans who are recovering from opioid use disorder (OUD) over 15 months. Specifically, the investigators will see which treatment yields more weeks worked in a competitive job with the hypothesis that IPS will result in better outcomes than TAU-VR. The investigators will interview Veterans in both IPS and TAU-VR groups to investigate the contextual barriers and facilitators of implementing vocational services among Veterans with OUD with the aim to provide solutions and leverage facilitators of success as the VHA expands supported employment services to a new priority population. Investigators will evaluate the impact of vocational services on adherence to prescribed treatment and OUD relapse rates. This study is especially timely given the societal impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on employment and occupational functioning.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Supportive care
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 2
- Model description
- eligible and consenting participants will be randomized to either individual placement and support (IPS) or treatment as usual vocational rehabilitation (TAU-VR).
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Individual Placement and Support | Experimental | Other: Individual Placement and Support (IPS)The IPS model involves the following important domains: competitive employment, eligibility based on client choice of employment, integration of IPS and treatment team personalized counseling, rapid job search, systematic job development, and time-unlimited and individualized support. |
| Treatment As Usual Vocational Rehabilitation (TAU-VR) | Active comparator | Other: Treatment As Usual Vocational Rehabilitation (TAU-VR)TAU-VR Services may include 1) Compensated Work Therapy-Transitional Work (CWT-TW) assignment in a set-aside, minimum-wage, short-term job, typically in the VA setting (approximately 50% of the Veterans randomized to TW in past studies conducted by the investigators actually engaged in TW assignment) or 2) CWT-Community-Based Employment Services (CWT-CBES) which involves a community job search, placement in a competitive job, with limited follow-along support that typically ends after the Veteran is working in his/her first job |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 19 years and older
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (4 listed)
- age 19* (<19 year of age in the state of AL is defined minor)
- DSM-5 Axis I diagnosis of OUD
- currently unemployed or underemployed, defined as working <20hrs/week in a meaningful competitive job for a wage, salary, or commission
- expression of interest in competitive employment; and willing and able to give informed consent
Key exclusion criteria (7 listed)
- current diagnosis of psychotic disorders since these Veterans already can receive IPS in usual care at TVAMC and BVAMC
- diagnosis of dementia (evidenced in the medical record)
- presence of current severe and unstable medical condition or terminal illness, that would contraindicate study participation or expose them to an undue risk
- unlikely that participant can complete the study
- active suicidal or homicidal ideation making it unsafe for Veteran to be included
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Treatment As Usual Vocational Rehabilitation (TAU-VR)TAU-VR Services may include 1) Compensated Work Therapy-Transitional Work (CWT-TW) assignment in a set-aside, minimum-wage, short-term job, typically in the VA setting (approximately 50% of the Veterans randomized to TW in past studies conducted by the investigators actually engaged in TW assignment) or 2) CWT-Community-Based Employment Services (CWT-CBES) which involves a community job search, placement in a competitive job, with limited follow-along support that typically ends after the Veteran is working in his/her first job | Other | Treatment As Usual Vocational Rehabilitation (TAU-VR) |
| Individual Placement and Support (IPS)The IPS model involves the following important domains: competitive employment, eligibility based on client choice of employment, integration of IPS and treatment team personalized counseling, rapid job search, systematic job development, and time-unlimited and individualized support. | Other | Individual Placement and Support |
Primary outcome
number of weeks worked
Time frame: 15 months
A "week worked" is defined as working either part time or full time in a competitive job during a Sunday to Saturday 7-day window. Competitive employment is defined as a job that pays at least minimum wage or is based on salary or commission, is based in a setting alongside others without disabilities, and is not reserved for people with disabilities
5 secondary outcomes
Quality of Life
Time frame: 15 months
social support
Time frame: 15 months
Depression
Time frame: 15 months
Anxiety
Time frame: 15 months
Resilience
Time frame: 15 months
Results and safety
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 19 Mar 2026.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
Related trials for Veterans With Opioid Use Disorder
Active, not recruiting
Pain and Opioids: Integrated Treatment In Veterans
Chronic Pain, Opioid-use Disorder
Not yet recruiting
QAIAx - SGI/SI Smart Health Cities: Microcity Enclave Program (Quantum SI/AGI Agency a/k/a AI City Hall Project - UPSTO App Nos. 64/074,526, 64/063,557, 64/105,164, 63/903,181, 63/729,428, 64/125,360; USPTO EO 9424 Assignment ID: 2101042 / ARN: REEL/FRAME: 76481/0026 - OUSD-R&E, Department of War)
Asperger's Disorder, Asperger Disorder
Active, not recruiting
Developing a Telehealth Model to Improve Treatment Access for Rural Veterans With Substance Use Disorders
Substance Use, Substance Use Disorders
Not yet recruitingPhase 3
Digital Treatment for Chronic Pain and Addiction in Veterans With Opioid Use Disorder Receiving Buprenorphine
Opioid Use Disorder, Chronic Pain
Not yet recruiting
Integrated Care Versus Usual Care for Opioid Use Disorder and Infectious Diseases in Veterans
Opioid Use Disorder, HIV
Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Mercy N Mumba, RN principal investigator
Tuscaloosa VA Medical Center, Tuscaloosa, AL
2 sites in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Treatment As Usual Vocational Rehabilitation (TAU-VR) and Individual Placement and Support (IPS) in people with Veterans With Opioid Use Disorder, run by VA Office of Research and Development at 2 sites in United States.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 4 inclusion and 7 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: under way, not looking for participants, as of the sponsor's last update on 19 Mar 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 2 sites in United States. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
number of weeks worked (time frame: 15 months). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 19 Mar 2026.