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Body ImageNCT05336253

Online Expert Peer Facilitation of the EVERYbody Project

A study testing EVERYbody Project-Connect and Self-Help Workbook in people with Body Image and Eating Disorder Symptom, run by Western Washington University at 1 site in United States.

Completed

Finished. The study has ended and is not enrolling. Results may be posted on the official record.

Official record
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Trial summary

This randomized-controlled trial examines an online dissonance-based body image program for college students called the EVERYbody Project-Connect. The online (videoconferencing) intervention will be delivered using expert peer leaders in three 90-minute weekly sessions. Read more about this study

Who is it for?
Ages 18 years and olderHealthy volunteers can take part
Conditions the study is for
Body Image, Eating Disorder Symptom, Weight Bias
What is being tested?
EVERYbody Project-Connect and Self-Help Workbook
Could I receive a placebo?
No, everyone receives an active treatment
How many people
170 participants
Where
1 siteUnited States
Study dates
14 Jan 2022to 30 Aug 2023
Phase
Interventional
Are there results?
None posted in the registry

Key requirements

Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.

  • Ages 18 years and older
  • All sexes
  • Healthy volunteers accepted
  • Adult, Older adult

Who may be able to join

  • Current college students (enrolled with university email address)

Who cannot join

  • None

Trial locations and contacts

1 site in 1 country.

United States1 site
  • Western Washington University

    Bellingham, Washington, 98225

Other trials in United States

About this study

Official title: The EVERYbody Project-Connect: A Randomized-Controlled Study Comparing Active and Passive Inclusive Online Body Image Content for College Students

This randomized-controlled trial examines an online dissonance-based body image program for college students called the EVERYbody Project-Connect. The online (videoconferencing) intervention will be delivered using expert peer leaders in three 90-minute weekly sessions. Expert peer leaders for the EVERYbody Project-Connect are college students with lived and/or academic expertise within both body image and diversity and equity domains who are trained and screened for facilitation readiness. The comparison intervention is a passive, time-matched self-help condition using The Body Is Not An Apology Workbook by Sonya Renee Taylor. Both interventions explore diversity and representation within sociocultural body image pressures and provide tools for body acceptance.

The study is open to all college students in a universal prevention and risk factor reduction framework. Outcomes will be assessed before and after the three weeks of intervention and at three-month follow-up.

Read the detailed description

To date, three completed trials of the EVERYbody Project demonstrate that a gender-inclusive, diversity-focused, dissonance based group program can improve eating disorder risk factors and body image among college students. Through active written and verbal exercises and discussion, students directly challenge the cultural messages that appearance should fit within a narrow set of "ideals," critiquing the diversity representation within appearance ideals and incorporating new strategies for body acceptance.

Although peer (aka student to student) facilitation is commonly used for delivering dissonance-based body image interventions, an open training model (where all interested students are eligible to facilitate after training) may not be the most beneficial for leading inclusivity-focused body image groups. Research suggests that the EVERYbody Project is most effective when delivered by either (1) professional facilitators (faculty or staff with body image expertise), or (2) expert peer leaders (college students with lived or academic expertise in both body image and diversity topics who are screened for facilitation readiness during training).

The current trial explores an online adaptation of this program. The EVERYbody Project-Connect was created from the original program after end-user piloting with college students. The resulting program consists of three 90-minute weekly sessions delivered by expert peer leaders over a secure videoconferencing platform. Expert peer facilitators will complete a 16-hour online training and be screened for facilitation readiness before being approved to lead the intervention. Participants will be randomized on a 1:1 basis to receive the EVERYbody Project-Connect or a time-matched, low-dissonance self-help workbook intervention. Participants in this comparison intervention will be provided with an online copy of The Body Is Not An Apology Workbook by author and activist Sonya Renee Taylor and given weekly assignment instructions (90 minutes of activities each week for three weeks). Workbook activities will be completed on their own as a passive self-help intervention.

College students in the Pacific Northwest United States will be invited to participate in this study (universal intervention target, gender inclusive). Outcome assessment includes a comparison of changes in eating disorder risk factors, eating disorder symptoms, and related constructs across conditions over time (from pre- to post-intervention and through 3-month follow-up). Program satisfaction will be assessed at post-intervention, and program application will be evaluated both post-intervention and at follow-up.

Being tested
EVERYbody Project-Connect, Self-Help Workbook
Keywords
Dissonance Intervention, Body Image, Eating Disorders Prevention
Medical subject headings
Weight Prejudice

What participants receive

What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.

  • EVERYbody Project-ConnectBehavioural

    3-week dissonance-based, group, online body image program (4.5 hours total)

  • Self-Help WorkbookBehavioural

    Time-matched 3-week passive, individual workbook condition (4.5 hours total)

Study groups in NCT05336253
Study groupRoleWhat they receive
EVERYbody Project-Connect Online ProgramExperimentalThree weekly 90-minute online group sessions facilitated by expert peer leaders. Retains key dissonance activities and the inclusivity focus of the original EVERYbody Project (e.g., expanded gender focus, critically discussing the impact of limited diversity representation in cultural appearance norms). Additional activities were added, including an increased focus on body compassion (self-acceptance) and weight neutrality content to target weight bias. College students with body image interest and lived or academic diversity and advocacy experience will complete 16 hours of training to become expert peer leaders. Training includes observation, practice, and feedback on using the program manual and managing groups. Students will self-assess and be evaluated by the primary trainer on facilitation readiness. Only peer leaders with sufficient expertise will be invited to facilitate groups.
Receives: Behavioral: EVERYbody Project-Connect
Self-Help WorkbookActive comparatorIn this time-matched comparison intervention, participants will be provided with an online copy of The Body Is Not An Apology Workbook by author and activist Sonya Renee Taylor (2021). Weekly emails will assign workbook activities to complete on their own (90 minutes per week for three weeks). This low-dissonance comparison intervention covers many of the same topics within the EVERYbody Project-Connect (body acceptance and scrutinizing the diversity within body ideals) and its activities include reflective writing and drawing exercises to challenge media messages around bodies, identify systems of oppression underpinning body messages, challenge body stereotypes, and make peace with your own body. Activities within the workbook are considered low-dissonance since they will be done privately and not shared.
Receives: Behavioral: Self-Help Workbook

What is being measured

The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.

  1. Internalized appearance norms

    Internalization subscales from the Sociocultural Attitudes Toward Appearance Questionnaire-4 (SATAQ-4). Average of 10 items; higher scores indicate greater internalization of cultural messages surrounding appearance and attractiveness.

    Measured: Change from baseline through post-intervention (3 weeks later) and follow-up (3 months)

  2. Body dissatisfaction

    Satisfaction and Dissatisfaction with Body Parts Scale (SDBPS). Average of 9 items; higher scores equal greater dissatisfaction with nine body parts that are commonly endorsed as concerning (e.g., stomach, thighs, hips). The scale will be reverse scored from the original.

    Measured: Change from baseline through post-intervention (3 weeks later) and follow-up (3 months)

  3. Eating disorder pathology

    8-item version of the Eating Disorders Examination Questionnaire (EDE-Q8). Average of 8 items for Global Score; higher scores equal greater frequency and severity of disordered attitudes and behaviors over the past month.

    Measured: Change from baseline through post-intervention (3 weeks later) and follow-up (3 months)

  4. Negative affect

    Fear, guilt, and sadness subscales of the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule-Revised (PANAS). Average of 20 items; higher scores equal greater negative emotion.

    Measured: Change from baseline through post-intervention (3 weeks later) and follow-up (3 months)

Secondary outcomes (2)
  1. Weight bias

    Anti-fat attitudes scale (AFAS). Average of 5 items; higher scores equal greater negative stereotypes about fat people and fear of fat.

    Measured: Change from baseline through post-intervention (3 weeks later) and follow-up (3 months)

  2. Positive body image

    Body Appreciation Scale-2 (BAS-2). Average of 10 items; higher scores equal greater body positivity.

    Measured: Change from baseline through post-intervention (3 weeks later) and follow-up (3 months)

Timeline

From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.

  1. First posted20 Apr 2022
  2. Study start14 Jan 2022
  3. Primary completion30 Aug 2023
  4. Study completion30 Aug 2023

Resources

More details

For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.

Study design
Study type
Interventional
Phase
Phase N/A
Primary purpose
Prevention
Allocation
Randomised
Intervention model
Factorial
Model description
Participants will be randomized on a 1:1 basis through survey software to the EVERYbody Project-Connect or the self-help workbook condition
Masking
None (open label)
Enrolment
170 participants (actual)
IDs, dates and publications
ClinicalTrials.gov ID
NCT05336253
Sponsor's protocol ID
4482EX21
Status last verified
Dec 2023
First submitted
1 Mar 2022
Last updated
18 Dec 2023
Results posted
No
Data monitoring committee
No
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
Individual data sharing
Yes: Data and other materials will be made available following reasonable request to study Principal Investigator. All outcome data will be included in data sharing. Socio-demographic characteristics will be collapsed into broader categories to protect participant identity. Other study materials, including intervention manuals, will be housed on the Principal Investigator's Open Science Framework page, where URLs will be made publicly available.

Publications

  • Ciao AC, Munson BR, Pringle KD, Roberts SR, Lalgee IA, Lawley KA, Brewster J. Inclusive dissonance-based body image interventions for college students: Two randomized-controlled trials of the EVERYbody Project. J Consult Clin Psychol. 2021 Apr;89(4):301-315. doi: 10.1037/ccp0000636.

    PubMed 34014692
  • Ciao AC, Ohls OC, Pringle KD. Should body image programs be inclusive? A focus group study of college students. Int J Eat Disord. 2018 Jan;51(1):82-86. doi: 10.1002/eat.22794. Epub 2017 Nov 6.

    PubMed 29105805
  • Schaefer LM, Burke NL, Thompson JK, Dedrick RF, Heinberg LJ, Calogero RM, Bardone-Cone AM, Higgins MK, Frederick DA, Kelly M, Anderson DA, Schaumberg K, Nerini A, Stefanile C, Dittmar H, Clark E, Adams Z, Macwana S, Klump KL, Vercellone AC, Paxton SJ, Swami V. Development and validation of the Sociocultural Attitudes Towards Appearance Questionnaire-4 (SATAQ-4). Psychol Assess. 2015 Mar;27(1):54-67. doi: 10.1037/a0037917. Epub 2014 Oct 6.

    PubMed 25285718
  • Stice E, Shaw H, Burton E, Wade E. Dissonance and healthy weight eating disorder prevention programs: a randomized efficacy trial. J Consult Clin Psychol. 2006 Apr;74(2):263-75. doi: 10.1037/0022-006X.74.2.263.

    PubMed 16649871
  • Berscheid, E., Hatfield [Walster], E., & Bohrnstedt, G. (1973). The happy American body: A survey report. Psychology Today, 7, 119-131.

  • Watson, D., & Clark, L. A. (1992). Affects separable and inseparable: On the hierarchical arrangement of the negative affects. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 62, 489-505. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/ 0022-3514.62.3.489

  • Kliem S, Mossle T, Zenger M, Strauss B, Brahler E, Hilbert A. The eating disorder examination-questionnaire 8: A brief measure of eating disorder psychopathology (EDE-Q8). Int J Eat Disord. 2016 Jun;49(6):613-6. doi: 10.1002/eat.22487. Epub 2015 Dec 29.

    PubMed 26711183
  • Becker CB, Stice E. From efficacy to effectiveness to broad implementation: Evolution of the Body Project. J Consult Clin Psychol. 2017 Aug;85(8):767-782. doi: 10.1037/ccp0000204.

    PubMed 28726480
  • Ciao AC, Latner JD, Brown KE, Ebneter DS, Becker CB. Effectiveness of a peer-delivered dissonance-based program in reducing eating disorder risk factors in high school girls. Int J Eat Disord. 2015 Sep;48(6):779-84. doi: 10.1002/eat.22418. Epub 2015 May 8.

    PubMed 25959408
  • Crandall, C., & Biernat, M. (1990). The Ideology of Anti-Fat Attitudes. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 20(3), 227-243.

  • Faul F, Erdfelder E, Lang AG, Buchner A. G*Power 3: a flexible statistical power analysis program for the social, behavioral, and biomedical sciences. Behav Res Methods. 2007 May;39(2):175-91. doi: 10.3758/bf03193146.

    PubMed 17695343
  • Tylka TL, Wood-Barcalow NL. The Body Appreciation Scale-2: item refinement and psychometric evaluation. Body Image. 2015 Jan;12:53-67. doi: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2014.09.006. Epub 2014 Oct 21.

    PubMed 25462882
  • Taylor, S. R. (2021). The Body Is Not An Apology Workbook: Tools for Living Radical Self-Love. Beret-Koehler Publishers, Inc.

Questions about this trial

What is this clinical trial studying?

A study testing EVERYbody Project-Connect and Self-Help Workbook in people with Body Image and Eating Disorder Symptom, run by Western Washington University at 1 site in United States.

The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.

Who may be eligible to take part?

The sponsor lists 1 inclusion and 1 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.

Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?

The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 18 Dec 2023. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.

Where is the study taking place?

The record lists 1 site in United States. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.

What are the possible benefits and risks?

They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.

Are results available for this study?

The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.

How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?

The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.

What does the primary outcome measure?

Internalized appearance norms (time frame: Change from baseline through post-intervention (3 weeks later) and follow-up (3 months)). The study lists 4 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.

Where can I read the original study information?

On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT05336253, which also lists 13 linked publications.

Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?

No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.

How often is this information updated?

AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 18 Dec 2023.

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