Healthy LifestyleCOVIDNCT05309486
Effects of Online Pilates and Face-To-Face Pilates on Healthy Individuals
A study testing Online and Face-to-face Pilates trainings in people with Healthy Lifestyle and Health Behavior, run by Ankara Medipol University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
Trial summary
Many studies on pilates have shown that these exercises positively affect the endurance of core muscles, mental health, and quality of life in healthy individuals when applied face-to-face. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 25 to 40 yearsHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Healthy Lifestyle, Health Behavior
- What is being tested?
- Online and Face-to-face Pilates trainings
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 58 participants
- Where
- 1 siteTurkey (Türkiye)
- Study dates
- 15 Mar 2022to 24 May 2022
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 25 to 40 years
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult
Who may be able to join
- 25-40 years of age.
- Voluntarily participate in research to accept
Who cannot join
- Any cardiovascular, orthopedic, visual, hearing, and perception problems that may affect the results of the research.
- Participating in other exercises or physiotherapy programs during the past 6 months.
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
Turkey (Türkiye)1 site
Ankara Medipol University
Altındağ, Ankara, 06050
About this study
Official title: Effects of Online Pilates and Face-To-Face Pilates on Healthy Individuals During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Randomized Controlled Study
Many studies on pilates have shown that these exercises positively affect the endurance of core muscles, mental health, and quality of life in healthy individuals when applied face-to-face.
In a few recent studies, the effects of online pilates training have been examined and shown to be effective on core endurance, depression, and quality of life. In the results of these studies, it has been emphasized that it is necessary to compare whether online pilates training is as practical as face-to-face pilates training. For this reason, the investigators thought that randomized controlled studies investigating the effects of online and face-to-face pilates methods in healthy individuals are needed. The investigators planned a randomized controlled study investigating the impact of online pilates and face-to-face pilates methods. The study aims to examine and compare the effects of online pilates and face-to-face pilates methods on core muscle endurance, depression, and quality of life in healthy individuals.
Read the detailed description
An experienced physiotherapist blind will evaluate participants by randomization at the start of the study and eight weeks later. The group participants belong to will not be disclosed to the participants until the end of the first assessment. Individuals who complete the initial evaluation will be randomly assigned to the online pilates group (OPG) or face-to-face pilates group (FPG) using a computer program. Both online and face-to-face applications will be carried out under the supervision of a physiotherapist with 11 years of experience.
Participants included in the study will be evaluated with data collection forms filled twice, before and after the training programs. The participants' demographic information (age, body weight, height, body mass index) will be recorded.
Statistical analysis will be performed using SPSS software, version 21 (SPSS Inc. Chicago, IL, USA). The normal distribution of the variables will be determined using histograms, probability plots, and the Shapiro-Wilk test. Due to the abnormal distribution, the median and interquartile range (IQR) will be used for descriptive statistics. A Mann-Whitney U test will be used to compare baseline and vary values between groups. The Wilcoxon test will compare baseline values within the group to values after six weeks. The significance level will be set-top < 0.05 for all analyses. Effect sizes will be evaluated according to Cohen's d standards within pre-post differences. Effect size results will be interpreted as small (≥ 0.2), moderate (≥ 0.5), or large (≥ 0.8) according to the guidelines.
- Conditions
- Healthy Lifestyle, Health Behavior
- Being tested
- Online and Face-to-face Pilates trainings
- Keywords
- Online pilates, Quality of life, Depression, Core, Pilates exercises
- Medical subject headings
- Health Behavior, Depression
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Online and Face-to-face Pilates trainingsOther
Key elements of Pilates, including breathing, focusing, rib cage position, shoulder position, and head and neck positions, will be taught in both groups on the first day. Individuals will be asked to maintain the smoothness of these critical elements throughout the exercises. Different imagery techniques will be used in the exercises, and the exercises will be combined with breathing exercises. The intensity of the exercises will be increased by using different positions and elastic bands (Theraband Elastic Band Hygienic Corporation, Akron, Ohio). Band Resistances will be increased in biweekly periods. Stretching and posture exercises will be used during the cool-down period. The subjects in pilates group will be informed about the side effects such as shortness of breath, dizziness, headache, and muscle pain. Participants will be asked to stop the exercise in case of any side effects.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Online pilates group | Experimental | Online pilates, which lasts for eight weeks, three days a week for 1 hour, will be carried out by Australian Pilates and Physiotherapy Institute certified and experienced Ph.D. Physiotherapist Halil Ibrahim Bulguroglu. Microsoft Teams program will be used to implement the online practice method. The individuals in both pilates exercise groups will be divided into six small groups of 3 or 4 people to make the exercises more effective. In this study, the program will be 15 minutes of warm-up, 30 minutes of pilates, and 15 minutes of cool-down and stretching exercises. The exercises will be performed in ten repetitions. The same exercises will be applied in online pilates and face-to-face pilates trainings. Receives: Other: Online and Face-to-face Pilates trainings |
| Face-to-face pilates group | Active comparator | Face-to-face pilates training, which lasts for a total of 8 weeks, 3 days a week for 1 hour, will be carried out by Australian Pilates and Physiotherapy Institute certified and experienced Ph.D. Physiotherapist Halil Ibrahim Bulguroglu. Face-to-face pilates training will be held at Ankara Medipol University. To make the exercises more effective, the individuals in both pilates exercise groups will be divided into six small groups of 3 or 4 people. In this study, the program will be 15 minutes of warm-up, 30 minutes of pilates exercises, 15 minutes of cool-down and stretching exercises, and the exercises will be performed as 10 repetitions. The same exercises will be applied in online pilates and face-to-face pilates trainings. Receives: Other: Online and Face-to-face Pilates trainings |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Core muscle endurance- Baseline
Mcgill core endurance tests
Measured: Assessment will be conducted before the intervention
Core muscle endurance- Post intervention
Mcgill core endurance tests
Measured: Assessment will be conducted immediately after the intervention
Depression - Baseline
Beck Depression Scale (BDI). The score range in BDI, which is a 21-item self-evaluation type scale, is 0-63.
Measured: Assessment will be conducted before the intervention
Depression - Post intervention
Beck Depression Scale (BDI). The score range in BDI, which is a 21-item self-evaluation type scale, is 0-63.
Measured: Assessment will be conducted immediately after the intervention
Quality of life - Baseline
Short Form-36 (SF-36). SF-36; consists of 36 items to measure eight dimensions such as physical, mental, and general health. In the subscales evaluated between 0 and 100, a high score indicates a good quality of life.
Measured: Assessment will be conducted before the intervention
Quality of life - Post intervention
Short Form-36 (SF-36). SF-36; consists of 36 items to measure eight dimensions such as physical, mental, and general health. In the subscales evaluated between 0 and 100, a high score indicates a good quality of life.
Measured: Assessment will be conducted immediately after the intervention
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted4 Apr 2022
- Study start15 Mar 2022
- Primary completion21 May 2022
- Study completion24 May 2022
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (7)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Healthy LifestyleStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Model description
- Using a computer program, the investigators randomly placed individuals who completed the initial assessment into the online pilates group (OPG) or face-to-face pilates group (FPG).
- Masking
- Double blind
- Who is masked
- Participant, Outcomes assessor
- Enrolment
- 58 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Ankara Medipol University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Halil Ibrahim Bulguroglu, Ankara Medipol University
- Investigators
- HALIL IB BULGUROGLU, PHD PT, Principal investigator, Ankara Medipol University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT05309486
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 2
- Acronym
- COVID
- Status last verified
- May 2022
- First submitted
- 25 Mar 2022
- Last updated
- 25 May 2022
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
Publications
Quiles-Sanchez LV, Baroutas I, Kyriakos G, Gravvanis N, Georgakopoulou VE, Trakas N, Damaskos C, Garmpi A, Garmpis N, Antoniou V, Farmaki P, Patsouras A, Voutyritsa E, Diamantis E. Medical Flossing and the Pilates Method: Their Effectiveness on the Strength, Endurance, and Functionality of Healthy Individuals. Cureus. 2021 Apr 29;13(4):e14758. doi: 10.7759/cureus.14758.
PubMed 34084682Lemos AQ, Brasil CA, Valverde D, Ferreira JDS, Lordelo P, Sa KN. The pilates method in the function of pelvic floor muscles: Systematic review and meta-analysis. J Bodyw Mov Ther. 2019 Apr;23(2):270-277. doi: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2018.07.002. Epub 2018 Jul 10.
PubMed 31103107Rimmer JH, Thirumalai M, Young HJ, Pekmezi D, Tracy T, Riser E, Mehta T. Rationale and design of the tele-exercise and multiple sclerosis (TEAMS) study: A comparative effectiveness trial between a clinic- and home-based telerehabilitation intervention for adults with multiple sclerosis (MS) living in the deep south. Contemp Clin Trials. 2018 Aug;71:186-193. doi: 10.1016/j.cct.2018.05.016. Epub 2018 May 30.
PubMed 29859267Suner-Keklik S, Numanoglu-Akbas A, Cobanoglu G, Kafa N, Guzel NA. An online pilates exercise program is effective on proprioception and core muscle endurance in a randomized controlled trial. Ir J Med Sci. 2022 Oct;191(5):2133-2139. doi: 10.1007/s11845-021-02840-8. Epub 2021 Oct 30.
PubMed 34716884Campos RR, Dias JM, Pereira LM, Obara K, Barreto MS, Silva MF, Mazuquin BF, Christofaro DG, Fernandes RA, Iversen MD, Cardoso JR. Effect of the Pilates method on physical conditioning of healthy subjects: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2016 Jul-Aug;56(7-8):864-73. Epub 2015 May 25.
PubMed 26004043Cruz-Ferreira A, Fernandes J, Laranjo L, Bernardo LM, Silva A. A systematic review of the effects of pilates method of exercise in healthy people. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2011 Dec;92(12):2071-81. doi: 10.1016/j.apmr.2011.06.018. Epub 2011 Oct 24.
PubMed 22030232Bulguroglu HI, Bulguroglu M. The effects of online pilates and face-to-face pilates in healthy individuals during the COVID-19 pandemic: a randomized controlled study. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil. 2023 Feb 2;15(1):12. doi: 10.1186/s13102-023-00625-3.
PubMed 36732823
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 25 May 2022. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Effects of Online Pilates and Face-To-Face Pilates on Healthy Individuals During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Randomized Controlled Study
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT05309486
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- COVID / 2
- Conditions
- Healthy Lifestyle, Health Behavior
- Keywords
- Online pilates, Quality of life, Depression, Core, Pilates exercises
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 58 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Ankara Medipol UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 15 Mar 2022 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 21 May 2022 (actual)
- Study completion
- 24 May 2022 (actual)
- First posted
- 4 Apr 2022 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
Many studies on pilates have shown that these exercises positively affect the endurance of core muscles, mental health, and quality of life in healthy individuals when applied face-to-face.
In a few recent studies, the effects of online pilates training have been examined and shown to be effective on core endurance, depression, and quality of life. In the results of these studies, it has been emphasized that it is necessary to compare whether online pilates training is as practical as face-to-face pilates training. For this reason, the investigators thought that randomized controlled studies investigating the effects of online and face-to-face pilates methods in healthy individuals are needed. The investigators planned a randomized controlled study investigating the impact of online pilates and face-to-face pilates methods. The study aims to examine and compare the effects of online pilates and face-to-face pilates methods on core muscle endurance, depression, and quality of life in healthy individuals.
Detailed description
An experienced physiotherapist blind will evaluate participants by randomization at the start of the study and eight weeks later. The group participants belong to will not be disclosed to the participants until the end of the first assessment. Individuals who complete the initial evaluation will be randomly assigned to the online pilates group (OPG) or face-to-face pilates group (FPG) using a computer program. Both online and face-to-face applications will be carried out under the supervision of a physiotherapist with 11 years of experience.
Participants included in the study will be evaluated with data collection forms filled twice, before and after the training programs. The participants' demographic information (age, body weight, height, body mass index) will be recorded.
Statistical analysis will be performed using SPSS software, version 21 (SPSS Inc. Chicago, IL, USA). The normal distribution of the variables will be determined using histograms, probability plots, and the Shapiro-Wilk test. Due to the abnormal distribution, the median and interquartile range (IQR) will be used for descriptive statistics. A Mann-Whitney U test will be used to compare baseline and vary values between groups. The Wilcoxon test will compare baseline values within the group to values after six weeks. The significance level will be set-top < 0.05 for all analyses. Effect sizes will be evaluated according to Cohen's d standards within pre-post differences. Effect size results will be interpreted as small (≥ 0.2), moderate (≥ 0.5), or large (≥ 0.8) according to the guidelines.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Double blind (participant, outcomes assessor)
- Number of arms
- 2
- Model description
- Using a computer program, the investigators randomly placed individuals who completed the initial assessment into the online pilates group (OPG) or face-to-face pilates group (FPG).
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Online pilates group | Experimental | Other: Online and Face-to-face Pilates trainingsOnline pilates, which lasts for eight weeks, three days a week for 1 hour, will be carried out by Australian Pilates and Physiotherapy Institute certified and experienced Ph.D. Physiotherapist Halil Ibrahim Bulguroglu. Microsoft Teams program will be used to implement the online practice method. The individuals in both pilates exercise groups will be divided into six small groups of 3 or 4 people to make the exercises more effective. In this study, the program will be 15 minutes of warm-up, 30 minutes of pilates, and 15 minutes of cool-down and stretching exercises. The exercises will be performed in ten repetitions. The same exercises will be applied in online pilates and face-to-face pilates trainings. |
| Face-to-face pilates group | Active comparator | Other: Online and Face-to-face Pilates trainingsFace-to-face pilates training, which lasts for a total of 8 weeks, 3 days a week for 1 hour, will be carried out by Australian Pilates and Physiotherapy Institute certified and experienced Ph.D. Physiotherapist Halil Ibrahim Bulguroglu. Face-to-face pilates training will be held at Ankara Medipol University. To make the exercises more effective, the individuals in both pilates exercise groups will be divided into six small groups of 3 or 4 people. In this study, the program will be 15 minutes of warm-up, 30 minutes of pilates exercises, 15 minutes of cool-down and stretching exercises, and the exercises will be performed as 10 repetitions. The same exercises will be applied in online pilates and face-to-face pilates trainings. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 25 to 40 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult
Key inclusion criteria (2 listed)
- 25-40 years of age.
- Voluntarily participate in research to accept
Key exclusion criteria (2 listed)
- Any cardiovascular, orthopedic, visual, hearing, and perception problems that may affect the results of the research.
- Participating in other exercises or physiotherapy programs during the past 6 months.
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Online and Face-to-face Pilates trainingsKey elements of Pilates, including breathing, focusing, rib cage position, shoulder position, and head and neck positions, will be taught in both groups on the first day. Individuals will be asked to maintain the smoothness of these critical elements throughout the exercises. Different imagery techniques will be used in the exercises, and the exercises will be combined with breathing exercises. The intensity of the exercises will be increased by using different positions and elastic bands (Theraband Elastic Band Hygienic Corporation, Akron, Ohio). Band Resistances will be increased in biweekly periods. Stretching and posture exercises will be used during the cool-down period. The subjects in pilates group will be informed about the side effects such as shortness of breath, dizziness, headache, and muscle pain. Participants will be asked to stop the exercise in case of any side effects. | Other | Face-to-face pilates group, Online pilates group |
Primary outcome
Core muscle endurance- Baseline
Time frame: Assessment will be conducted before the intervention
Mcgill core endurance tests
Core muscle endurance- Post intervention
Time frame: Assessment will be conducted immediately after the intervention
Mcgill core endurance tests
Depression - Baseline
Time frame: Assessment will be conducted before the intervention
Beck Depression Scale (BDI). The score range in BDI, which is a 21-item self-evaluation type scale, is 0-63.
Depression - Post intervention
Time frame: Assessment will be conducted immediately after the intervention
Beck Depression Scale (BDI). The score range in BDI, which is a 21-item self-evaluation type scale, is 0-63.
Quality of life - Baseline
Time frame: Assessment will be conducted before the intervention
Short Form-36 (SF-36). SF-36; consists of 36 items to measure eight dimensions such as physical, mental, and general health. In the subscales evaluated between 0 and 100, a high score indicates a good quality of life.
Quality of life - Post intervention
Time frame: Assessment will be conducted immediately after the intervention
Short Form-36 (SF-36). SF-36; consists of 36 items to measure eight dimensions such as physical, mental, and general health. In the subscales evaluated between 0 and 100, a high score indicates a good quality of life.
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 25 May 2022.
- Results publication: PubMed 34084682Quiles-Sanchez LV, Baroutas I, Kyriakos G, Gravvanis N, Georgakopoulou VE, Trakas N, Damaskos C, Garmpi A, Garmpis N, Antoniou V, Farmaki P, Patsouras A, Voutyritsa E, Diamantis E. Medical Flossing and the Pilates Method: Their Effectiveness on the Strength, Endurance, and Functionality of Healthy Individuals. Cureus. 2021 Apr 29;13(4):e14758. doi: 10.7759/cureus.14758.
- Results publication: PubMed 31103107Lemos AQ, Brasil CA, Valverde D, Ferreira JDS, Lordelo P, Sa KN. The pilates method in the function of pelvic floor muscles: Systematic review and meta-analysis. J Bodyw Mov Ther. 2019 Apr;23(2):270-277. doi: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2018.07.002. Epub 2018 Jul 10.
- Results publication: PubMed 29859267Rimmer JH, Thirumalai M, Young HJ, Pekmezi D, Tracy T, Riser E, Mehta T. Rationale and design of the tele-exercise and multiple sclerosis (TEAMS) study: A comparative effectiveness trial between a clinic- and home-based telerehabilitation intervention for adults with multiple sclerosis (MS) living in the deep south. Contemp Clin Trials. 2018 Aug;71:186-193. doi: 10.1016/j.cct.2018.05.016. Epub 2018 May 30.
- Results publication: PubMed 34716884Suner-Keklik S, Numanoglu-Akbas A, Cobanoglu G, Kafa N, Guzel NA. An online pilates exercise program is effective on proprioception and core muscle endurance in a randomized controlled trial. Ir J Med Sci. 2022 Oct;191(5):2133-2139. doi: 10.1007/s11845-021-02840-8. Epub 2021 Oct 30.
- Results publication: PubMed 26004043Campos RR, Dias JM, Pereira LM, Obara K, Barreto MS, Silva MF, Mazuquin BF, Christofaro DG, Fernandes RA, Iversen MD, Cardoso JR. Effect of the Pilates method on physical conditioning of healthy subjects: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2016 Jul-Aug;56(7-8):864-73. Epub 2015 May 25.
- Results publication: PubMed 22030232Cruz-Ferreira A, Fernandes J, Laranjo L, Bernardo LM, Silva A. A systematic review of the effects of pilates method of exercise in healthy people. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2011 Dec;92(12):2071-81. doi: 10.1016/j.apmr.2011.06.018. Epub 2011 Oct 24.
- Derived from this study: PubMed 36732823Bulguroglu HI, Bulguroglu M. The effects of online pilates and face-to-face pilates in healthy individuals during the COVID-19 pandemic: a randomized controlled study. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil. 2023 Feb 2;15(1):12. doi: 10.1186/s13102-023-00625-3.
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
HALIL IB BULGUROGLU, PHD PT principal investigator
Ankara Medipol University
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Online and Face-to-face Pilates trainings in people with Healthy Lifestyle and Health Behavior, run by Ankara Medipol University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 2 inclusion and 2 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 25 May 2022. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye). Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Core muscle endurance- Baseline (time frame: Assessment will be conducted before the intervention). The study lists 6 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT05309486, which also lists 7 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 25 May 2022.