Gunshot WoundGSW_in_ICUNCT05224570
Epidemiology of Gunshot Wounds Injuries Admitted in ICU in France
An observational study of Gunshot Wound, run by Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nīmes at 1 site in France.
Trial summary
In civilian practice, the incidence of firearm violence depends on the country. In high income countries, most cases are reported in the USA or South Africa. In these countries, gunshot wounds (GSW) represent 20% of death cases in trauma centers, more than motor vehicle collisions. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 15 years and older
- Conditions the study is for
- Gunshot Wound
- How many people
- 120 participants
- Where
- 1 siteFrance
- Study dates
- 1 Jan 2015to 17 Jun 2022
- Phase
- Observational
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 15 years and older
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Child, Adult, Older adult
Study population: All patients who were admitted for gunshot wound care in ICU between 1st of January 2015 and June 30th 2021 at Nîmes University Hospital, Marseille North University Hospital, Montpellier DAR_A University Hospital, Toulon Military Teaching Hospital.
Who may be able to join
- Admission for gunshot wound care in ICU between 1st of January 2015 and June 30th 2021 at Nimes University Hospital, Marseille North University Hospital, Montpellier University Hospital, Toulon Military Teaching Hospital.
- Patient ≥ 15 years old
Who cannot join
- Patient < 15 years old
- Patient who objected to the use of their data.
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
About this study
Official title: Epidemiology of Gunshot Wounds Injuries Admitted in Intensive Care Unit in France: a Retrospective Multicenter Observational Study
In civilian practice, the incidence of firearm violence depends on the country. In high income countries, most cases are reported in the USA or South Africa. In these countries, gunshot wounds (GSW) represent 20% of death cases in trauma centers, more than motor vehicle collisions.
The mortality in civilian practice occurs during the first 24 hours following GSW, mainly due to hemorrhage and traumatic brain injury, though long term effects on physical and psychological outcomes have also been shown.
Read more
Some factors of mortality specific to GSW have been established: multiples wounds, homicide vs suicide attempt, impact zone, or firearm caliber.
Few specific guidelines have been published concerning civilian GSW management. These cases are mostly treated in standard guidelines, such as hemorrhagic shock or traumatic brain injury guidelines. As in other trauma mechanisms, the "platinum ten minutes and golden hour" concept is applicable.
In Europe, the incidence of civilian GSW is much lower and few European studies have been published recently. Penetrating injuries in Europe are less likely to be GSW, and are more often self-inflicted than in the USA. In addition, European studies are heterogeneous, due to the difference in populations, healthcare systems and GSW being grouped with stabbing wounds under the label "penetrating trauma".
However, there is a global concern in Europe regarding a potential rise of GSW, with higher severity score than conventional trauma patients and often necessitate ICU admission. Studies analyzing data from different European countries show significantly different ICU admission rates for overall GSW, ranging from 17% up to 30%.
Therefore, the investigators conducted a multicenter, retrospective study on four French University Hospitals aiming to describe the epidemiology (mortality and type of organ damage) and identify prognosis factors of civilian GSW admitted in ICU.
- Conditions
- Gunshot Wound
- Medical subject headings
- Wounds, Gunshot
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Gunshot wounds admitted in ICU | patient with Gunshot wounds admitted to ICU |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Mortality
mortality rate at day 28 of patients admitted for Gunshot wounds
Measured: day 28
Secondary outcomes (12)
Age
To identify if age is a prognosis factors of mortality of patients admitted for Gunshot
Measured: Day 0
Sex
To identify if sex is a prognosis factors of mortality of patients admitted for Gunshot
Measured: Day 0
Comorbidity
To identify if some comorbidities are some prognosis factors of mortality of patients admitted for Gunshot wounds (age, sex, comorbidity, type of gunshot, bullet impact zone, delay to reach hospital, biological parameters at ICU admission, use of antibiotics, blood transfusion, type of surgery, medical management, initiation of renal replacement therapy, length of ICU stay, ).
Measured: Day 0
Type of gunshot
To identify if the type of gunshot is prognosis factors of mortality of patients admitted for Gunshot wounds
Measured: Day 0
Bullet impact zone
To identify if the impact zone is a prognosis factors of mortality of patients admitted for Gunshot wounds
Measured: Day 0
Delay to reach hospital
To identify if the delay to reach hospital is a prognosis factors of mortality of patients admitted for Gunshot wounds
Measured: Day 0
biological parameters at ICU admission
To identify if some biological parameters at admission are prognosis factors of mortality of patients admitted for Gunshot wounds
Measured: Day 0
antibiotics cure
To identify if an antibiotic cure at admission is a prognosis factors of mortality of patients admitted for Gunshot wounds
Measured: Day 0
Blood transfusion
To identify if a blood transfusion is a prognosis factors of mortality of patients admitted for Gunshot wounds
Measured: Day 0 to day 30
Type of surgery
To identify if surgery type is a prognosis factors of mortality of patients admitted for Gunshot wounds
Measured: Day 0 to day 30
renal replacement therapy
To identify if initiation of renal replacement therapy is a prognosis factors of mortality of patients admitted for Gunshot wounds
Measured: Day 0 to day 30
length of ICU stay
To identify if length of ICU stay is a prognosis factors of mortality of patients admitted for Gunshot wounds
Measured: Day 0 to day 30
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted4 Feb 2022
- Study start1 Jan 2015
- Primary completion17 Jun 2022
- Study completion17 Jun 2022
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (1)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Gunshot WoundStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de NīmesThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Observational
- Observational model
- Cohort
- Time perspective
- Retrospective
- Enrolment
- 120 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nīmes
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
- Investigators
- Loic ROUGERIE, Principal investigator, CHU NIMESLaurent MULLER, Md, PhD, Study director, CHU NIMES
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT05224570
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- LOCAL/2021/LR-01
- Acronym
- GSW_in_ICU
- Status last verified
- Jan 2022
- First submitted
- 16 Aug 2021
- Last updated
- 4 Dec 2025
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Publications
Rougerie L, Charbit J, Mezzarobba M, Leone M, Duclos G, Meaudre E, Cungi PJ, Bartoli C, Thierry GR, Roger C, Muller L. Epidemiology of civilian's gunshot wound injuries admitted to intensive care unit: A retrospective, multi-center study. Injury. 2024 Oct;55(10):111735. doi: 10.1016/j.injury.2024.111735. Epub 2024 Jul 25.
PubMed 39153311
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 4 Dec 2025. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Epidemiology of Gunshot Wounds Injuries Admitted in Intensive Care Unit in France: a Retrospective Multicenter Observational Study
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT05224570
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- GSW_in_ICU / LOCAL/2021/LR-01
- Conditions
- Gunshot Wound
- Study type
- Observational
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 120 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de NīmesUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 1 Jan 2015 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 17 Jun 2022 (actual)
- Study completion
- 17 Jun 2022 (actual)
- First posted
- 4 Feb 2022 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
In civilian practice, the incidence of firearm violence depends on the country. In high income countries, most cases are reported in the USA or South Africa. In these countries, gunshot wounds (GSW) represent 20% of death cases in trauma centers, more than motor vehicle collisions.
The mortality in civilian practice occurs during the first 24 hours following GSW, mainly due to hemorrhage and traumatic brain injury, though long term effects on physical and psychological outcomes have also been shown.
Some factors of mortality specific to GSW have been established: multiples wounds, homicide vs suicide attempt, impact zone, or firearm caliber.
Few specific guidelines have been published concerning civilian GSW management. These cases are mostly treated in standard guidelines, such as hemorrhagic shock or traumatic brain injury guidelines. As in other trauma mechanisms, the "platinum ten minutes and golden hour" concept is applicable.
In Europe, the incidence of civilian GSW is much lower and few European studies have been published recently. Penetrating injuries in Europe are less likely to be GSW, and are more often self-inflicted than in the USA. In addition, European studies are heterogeneous, due to the difference in populations, healthcare systems and GSW being grouped with stabbing wounds under the label "penetrating trauma".
However, there is a global concern in Europe regarding a potential rise of GSW, with higher severity score than conventional trauma patients and often necessitate ICU admission. Studies analyzing data from different European countries show significantly different ICU admission rates for overall GSW, ranging from 17% up to 30%.
Therefore, the investigators conducted a multicenter, retrospective study on four French University Hospitals aiming to describe the epidemiology (mortality and type of organ damage) and identify prognosis factors of civilian GSW admitted in ICU.
Study design
- Observational model
- Cohort
- Time perspective
- Retrospective
- Number of arms
- 1
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Gunshot wounds admitted in ICU | – | –patient with Gunshot wounds admitted to ICU |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 15 years and older
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Child, Adult, Older adult
- Study population
- All patients who were admitted for gunshot wound care in ICU between 1st of January 2015 and June 30th 2021 at Nîmes University Hospital, Marseille North University Hospital, Montpellier DAR_A University Hospital, Toulon Military Teaching Hospital.
Key inclusion criteria (2 listed)
- Admission for gunshot wound care in ICU between 1st of January 2015 and June 30th 2021 at Nimes University Hospital, Marseille North University Hospital, Montpellier University Hospital, Toulon Military Teaching Hospital.
- Patient ≥ 15 years old
Key exclusion criteria (2 listed)
- Patient < 15 years old
- Patient who objected to the use of their data.
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Primary outcome
Mortality
Time frame: day 28
mortality rate at day 28 of patients admitted for Gunshot wounds
12 secondary outcomes
Age
Time frame: Day 0
Sex
Time frame: Day 0
Comorbidity
Time frame: Day 0
Type of gunshot
Time frame: Day 0
Bullet impact zone
Time frame: Day 0
Delay to reach hospital
Time frame: Day 0
biological parameters at ICU admission
Time frame: Day 0
antibiotics cure
Time frame: Day 0
Blood transfusion
Time frame: Day 0 to day 30
Type of surgery
Time frame: Day 0 to day 30
renal replacement therapy
Time frame: Day 0 to day 30
length of ICU stay
Time frame: Day 0 to day 30
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 4 Dec 2025.
- Results publication: PubMed 39153311Rougerie L, Charbit J, Mezzarobba M, Leone M, Duclos G, Meaudre E, Cungi PJ, Bartoli C, Thierry GR, Roger C, Muller L. Epidemiology of civilian's gunshot wound injuries admitted to intensive care unit: A retrospective, multi-center study. Injury. 2024 Oct;55(10):111735. doi: 10.1016/j.injury.2024.111735. Epub 2024 Jul 25.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
Related trials for Gunshot Wound
Not yet recruiting
Mississippi Violence Injury Prevention (VIP) Program
Gun Shot Wound
Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Loic ROUGERIE principal investigator
CHU NIMES
Laurent MULLER, Md, PhD study director
CHU NIMES
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
An observational study of Gunshot Wound, run by Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nīmes at 1 site in France.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 2 inclusion and 2 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 4 Dec 2025. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in France. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Mortality (time frame: day 28). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT05224570, which also lists 1 linked publication.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 4 Dec 2025.