Sport InjuryNCT05184543
Effects of Different Exercise Programs on Injury Risk and Sports Performance in Adolescent Basketball Players
A study testing Routine Exercise Program, Core Stability Exercise Program and Body Weight Neuromuscular Warm-Up Program in people with Sport Injury, run by Eastern Mediterranean University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
Trial summary
Basketball is a team sport where aerobic and anaerobic performance is important. Knowing how to reduce common injuries and risk is important when designing a warm-up exercise program for basketball. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 12 to 18 years, women onlyHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Sport Injury
- What is being tested?
- Routine Exercise Program, Core Stability Exercise Program and Body Weight Neuromuscular Warm-Up Program
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 51 participants
- Where
- 1 siteTurkey (Türkiye)
- Study dates
- 15 Jan 2022to 31 Mar 2022
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 12 to 18 years
- Women only
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Child, Adult
Who may be able to join
- To be a female licensed basketball player between the ages of 12-18.
- To train regularly and as a team at least 3 days a week.
Who cannot join
- History of any lower extremity injury and surgery in the 6 months prior to the study.
- Not participating in regular and team training at least 3 days a week during the working process.
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
About this study
Basketball is a team sport where aerobic and anaerobic performance is important. Knowing how to reduce common injuries and risk is important when designing a warm-up exercise program for basketball. Various warm-up programs, including neuromuscular training, are thought to reduce the incidence of lower extremity injuries and improve athletic performance in athletes. There are several neuromuscular training programs designed to improve joint position sense, increase joint stability, develop protective joint reflexes, and ultimately prevent lower extremity injuries. In the literature, there is a need for studies comparing the effects of various warm-up programs applied to adolescent licensed basketball players on injury risks and basketball-specific sportive performance parameters. Therefore, the aim of the study is to examine the effects of different exercise programs on injury risk and sportive performance in adolescent basketball players.
Read the detailed description
Basketball is a team sport where aerobic and anaerobic performance is important. Knowing how to reduce common injuries and risk is important when designing a basketball training program. It has been stated that injuries in basketball are injuries caused by muscle imbalances.
Various warm-up programs, including neuromuscular training, have been shown to reduce the incidence of lower extremity injuries in athletes. Various neuromuscular training programs designed to improve joint position sense, increase joint stability, develop protective joint reflexes, and ultimately prevent lower extremity injuries have been explored.
According to Zazulak et al, a lack of neuromuscular control of body core muscles can lead to uncontrolled trunk displacement during movement. Core strength is very important for many sports, including basketball, athletics, football, and jumping, to maintain correct posture and to perform some daily activities such as walking, climbing stairs, and stepping. Strong core stability helps in transferring high muscle strength. Core muscle function can affect structures from the waist to the ankle, and deficiencies in core muscle capacity can increase the risk of lower extremity injury.
In a study by Sannicandro et al in 2020, in which they examined the effect of core stability exercises added to the warm-up program in prepubertal basketball players on sprint and jump performances, they showed that there was an improvement in jump and sprint performances as a result of training given for 4 weeks and 2 sessions per week.
Benis et al. In 2017, in a study examining the effects of neuromuscular training with bodyweight on Y-balance test (YBT) performances in elite female basketball players; It was observed that there was an improvement in YBT scores after the 8-week program. The program included a sport-specific neuromuscular warm-up designed to improve athletic performance and prevent lower extremity injuries. Based on these findings, a neuromuscular training program called the "Italian Basketball Injury Prevention Program" was developed.
Bonato, Benis et al. In the study where they examined the effects of a neuromuscular training program, which included lower extremity strength, agility, jumping, and general exercises with the ball, which were included in the routine warm-up program in 2017, on the prevention of lower extremity injuries in elite female basketball players during the regular season; It has been stated that the incidence of lower extremity injuries has decreased.
Functional movement definition is also very important for athletes. Functional movement is the ability to generate and maintain a balance between mobility and stability along the kinetic chain while performing basic movement patterns with accuracy and efficiency. Performance-based mobility-competence-based tests have been established in recent years to identify deficits in neuromuscular status associated with increased risk of injury. In this context, it has been seen that the most commonly used tests in the literature are Functional Movement Screen (FMS), Y balance test (YBT), trunk stabilization tests, and jump tests.
When investigators look at the literature, there is a need to investigate various warm-up programs that reduce the risk of injury in adolescent licensed basketball players and investigate their effects on explosive strength, speed, agility, and balance parameters, which are essential for basketball. In this study, in addition to the routine warm-up program consisting of programs in which muscle groups are dynamically stretched, one group only included core stabilization exercises; The other group will be given programs that include exercises to be done with the ball and neuromuscular warm-up exercises with body weight.
- Conditions
- Sport Injury
- Being tested
- Routine Exercise Program, Core Stability Exercise Program, Body Weight Neuromuscular Warm-Up Program
- Keywords
- Injury prevention, Exercise, Sports performance, Basketball, Warm up
- Medical subject headings
- Motor Activity
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Routine Exercise ProgramOther
8 weeks of routine basketball training will be done. Dynamic stretching exercises, in which large muscle groups are exercised, can be applied for 20 minutes.
Core Stability Exercise ProgramOther
In addition to the 8-week routine basketball training, 20 min core stability exercises will be given to the Core Group. Core stability exercises will be performed on the stable surface for the first 4 weeks, and core stability exercises will be performed on unstable surfaces for the next 4 weeks.
Body Weight Neuromuscular Warm-Up ProgramOther
Each 20-minute program consists of 5 different parts. The beginning of the program consists of low-speed running exercises with the ball. The running track for each exercise will include 4 basketball court areas. The second part consists of active stretching exercises. The third part consists of exercises focusing on general strength. The fourth part consists of plyometric, balance, and jump exercises. The final section consists of a sprint with sudden changes of direction and basketball movements.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Control Group | Active comparator | Participants in the control group will continue their routine warm-up programs. Receives: Other: Routine Exercise Program |
| Core Stability Group | Experimental | A warm-up program including core stability exercises will be applied to the participants. Receives: Other: Core Stability Exercise Program |
| Neuromuscular Exercise Group | Experimental | A warm-up program including dynamic neuromuscular exercises will be applied to the participants. Receives: Other: Body Weight Neuromuscular Warm-Up Program |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Functional Movement Screen
Functional Movement Analysis (FMS) will be used to determine the risk of injury and functional movement. Identification of movement disorders assists clinicians in the preparation and implementation of an appropriate rehabilitation program following injuries and the development of injury prevention plans. FMS consists of 7 subtests including the deep squat, high stepping, cross stepping, shoulder mobility, active straight leg raise, trunk stability, rotational stability. It is stated that there is a risk of injury below 14 points, with a maximum of 21 points.
Measured: 10 weeks
Secondary outcomes (5)
Vertical Jump
The vertical jump height of the athletes will be measured by Microgate optojump® (Microgate, Bolzano, Italy) device. The OptoJump device is a device that has been studied for reliability. Athletes' jumps from the ground up were recorded in cm. The greater the amount of bounce, the better the test. Vertical jump tests will be performed as 1 exercise and then 2 tests, and the test result with a better score than 2 correct measurements will be used in statistical analysis. In this test, hands-free active jumping will be performed.
Measured: 10 weeks
Horizontal Jump
A horizontal jump test will be used the upper body and arms are rotated to assist in jumping, and both legs are brought closer together before starting the jump. After the jump, the descent is made on both sides and the distance from the heel to the starting point is measured. Distances are standardized as distance/height according to the height of the participants. 2 attempts were taken and the best score was recorded.
Measured: 10 weeks
Sprint
The 30 m sprint test will be used to evaluate the speed. 30 m determined points are adjusted with photocells. The participant exits the determined point at full speed and the test is completed when the photocell is passed after 30 m. The time is recorded in seconds (17). Microgate Witty wireless training timer will be used as the device.
Measured: 10 weeks
Agility
Agility will be evaluated with the T-test. A test platform is established with 4 cones. There is a distance of 10m between the two cones in the middle and between the two cones placed on the sides. The participant quickly runs 10 meters around the cone and goes to the cone on the left. He turns from there and runs to the next right cone. Then the test is completed when it comes to the middle cone again and runs to the starting point. Measurements are made with the help of photocells at the starting point. The time is recorded in seconds. It will be done with the Microgate Witty wireless training timer device.
Measured: 10 weeks
Lower Quarter Balance
The balance will be evaluated with the Y balance test for the lower extremity. Participants' leg lengths will be measured from the anterior supra iliac to the distal of the medial malleolus. First, the participants will be required to try reaching out in each direction 6 times. They will be asked to lie down 3 times in each direction and will be recorded in centimeters. If the weight is transferred to the reaching foot, if the fixed foot is separated from the floor and the hands are separated from the hips, it will be considered an error and the test will be repeated. Scores calculated with "Best Reach / Leg Length) x 100 = % max reach" for each direction will be normalized. The total score will be calculated by averaging the normalized anterolateral, posterolateral, and posteromedial scores.
Measured: 10 weeks
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted11 Jan 2022
- Study start15 Jan 2022
- Primary completion31 Mar 2022
- Study completion31 Mar 2022
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for Sport InjuryStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Prevention
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 51 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Eastern Mediterranean University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
- Investigators
- Tayfun ARSLAN, Specialist Physiotherapist, Principal investigator, Eastern Mediterranean University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT05184543
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- ETK00-2021-0086
- Status last verified
- Apr 2022
- First submitted
- 5 Jan 2022
- Last updated
- 29 Apr 2022
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 29 Apr 2022. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Effects of Different Exercise Programs on Injury Risk and Sports Performance in Adolescent Basketball Players
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT05184543
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- ETK00-2021-0086
- Conditions
- Sport Injury
- Keywords
- Injury prevention, Exercise, Sports performance, Basketball, Warm up
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 51 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Eastern Mediterranean UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 15 Jan 2022 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 31 Mar 2022 (actual)
- Study completion
- 31 Mar 2022 (actual)
- First posted
- 11 Jan 2022 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
Basketball is a team sport where aerobic and anaerobic performance is important. Knowing how to reduce common injuries and risk is important when designing a warm-up exercise program for basketball. Various warm-up programs, including neuromuscular training, are thought to reduce the incidence of lower extremity injuries and improve athletic performance in athletes. There are several neuromuscular training programs designed to improve joint position sense, increase joint stability, develop protective joint reflexes, and ultimately prevent lower extremity injuries. In the literature, there is a need for studies comparing the effects of various warm-up programs applied to adolescent licensed basketball players on injury risks and basketball-specific sportive performance parameters. Therefore, the aim of the study is to examine the effects of different exercise programs on injury risk and sportive performance in adolescent basketball players.
Detailed description
Basketball is a team sport where aerobic and anaerobic performance is important. Knowing how to reduce common injuries and risk is important when designing a basketball training program. It has been stated that injuries in basketball are injuries caused by muscle imbalances.
Various warm-up programs, including neuromuscular training, have been shown to reduce the incidence of lower extremity injuries in athletes. Various neuromuscular training programs designed to improve joint position sense, increase joint stability, develop protective joint reflexes, and ultimately prevent lower extremity injuries have been explored.
According to Zazulak et al, a lack of neuromuscular control of body core muscles can lead to uncontrolled trunk displacement during movement. Core strength is very important for many sports, including basketball, athletics, football, and jumping, to maintain correct posture and to perform some daily activities such as walking, climbing stairs, and stepping. Strong core stability helps in transferring high muscle strength. Core muscle function can affect structures from the waist to the ankle, and deficiencies in core muscle capacity can increase the risk of lower extremity injury.
In a study by Sannicandro et al in 2020, in which they examined the effect of core stability exercises added to the warm-up program in prepubertal basketball players on sprint and jump performances, they showed that there was an improvement in jump and sprint performances as a result of training given for 4 weeks and 2 sessions per week.
Benis et al. In 2017, in a study examining the effects of neuromuscular training with bodyweight on Y-balance test (YBT) performances in elite female basketball players; It was observed that there was an improvement in YBT scores after the 8-week program. The program included a sport-specific neuromuscular warm-up designed to improve athletic performance and prevent lower extremity injuries. Based on these findings, a neuromuscular training program called the "Italian Basketball Injury Prevention Program" was developed.
Bonato, Benis et al. In the study where they examined the effects of a neuromuscular training program, which included lower extremity strength, agility, jumping, and general exercises with the ball, which were included in the routine warm-up program in 2017, on the prevention of lower extremity injuries in elite female basketball players during the regular season; It has been stated that the incidence of lower extremity injuries has decreased.
Functional movement definition is also very important for athletes. Functional movement is the ability to generate and maintain a balance between mobility and stability along the kinetic chain while performing basic movement patterns with accuracy and efficiency. Performance-based mobility-competence-based tests have been established in recent years to identify deficits in neuromuscular status associated with increased risk of injury. In this context, it has been seen that the most commonly used tests in the literature are Functional Movement Screen (FMS), Y balance test (YBT), trunk stabilization tests, and jump tests.
When investigators look at the literature, there is a need to investigate various warm-up programs that reduce the risk of injury in adolescent licensed basketball players and investigate their effects on explosive strength, speed, agility, and balance parameters, which are essential for basketball. In this study, in addition to the routine warm-up program consisting of programs in which muscle groups are dynamically stretched, one group only included core stabilization exercises; The other group will be given programs that include exercises to be done with the ball and neuromuscular warm-up exercises with body weight.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Prevention
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 3
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Control Group | Active comparator | Other: Routine Exercise ProgramParticipants in the control group will continue their routine warm-up programs. |
| Core Stability Group | Experimental | Other: Core Stability Exercise ProgramA warm-up program including core stability exercises will be applied to the participants. |
| Neuromuscular Exercise Group | Experimental | Other: Body Weight Neuromuscular Warm-Up ProgramA warm-up program including dynamic neuromuscular exercises will be applied to the participants. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 12 to 18 years
- Sex
- Female only
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Child, Adult
Key inclusion criteria (2 listed)
- To be a female licensed basketball player between the ages of 12-18.
- To train regularly and as a team at least 3 days a week.
Key exclusion criteria (2 listed)
- History of any lower extremity injury and surgery in the 6 months prior to the study.
- Not participating in regular and team training at least 3 days a week during the working process.
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Routine Exercise Program8 weeks of routine basketball training will be done. Dynamic stretching exercises, in which large muscle groups are exercised, can be applied for 20 minutes. | Other | Control Group |
| Core Stability Exercise ProgramIn addition to the 8-week routine basketball training, 20 min core stability exercises will be given to the Core Group. Core stability exercises will be performed on the stable surface for the first 4 weeks, and core stability exercises will be performed on unstable surfaces for the next 4 weeks. | Other | Core Stability Group |
| Body Weight Neuromuscular Warm-Up ProgramEach 20-minute program consists of 5 different parts. The beginning of the program consists of low-speed running exercises with the ball. The running track for each exercise will include 4 basketball court areas. The second part consists of active stretching exercises. The third part consists of exercises focusing on general strength. The fourth part consists of plyometric, balance, and jump exercises. The final section consists of a sprint with sudden changes of direction and basketball movements. | Other | Neuromuscular Exercise Group |
Primary outcome
Functional Movement Screen
Time frame: 10 weeks
Functional Movement Analysis (FMS) will be used to determine the risk of injury and functional movement. Identification of movement disorders assists clinicians in the preparation and implementation of an appropriate rehabilitation program following injuries and the development of injury prevention plans. FMS consists of 7 subtests including the deep squat, high stepping, cross stepping, shoulder mobility, active straight leg raise, trunk stability, rotational stability. It is stated that there is a risk of injury below 14 points, with a maximum of 21 points.
5 secondary outcomes
Vertical Jump
Time frame: 10 weeks
Horizontal Jump
Time frame: 10 weeks
Sprint
Time frame: 10 weeks
Agility
Time frame: 10 weeks
Lower Quarter Balance
Time frame: 10 weeks
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 29 Apr 2022.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Tayfun ARSLAN, Specialist Physiotherapist principal investigator
Eastern Mediterranean University
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Routine Exercise Program, Core Stability Exercise Program and Body Weight Neuromuscular Warm-Up Program in people with Sport Injury, run by Eastern Mediterranean University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 2 inclusion and 2 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 29 Apr 2022. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye). Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Functional Movement Screen (time frame: 10 weeks). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 29 Apr 2022; AzTrials last refreshed its copy on 7 Nov 2026.