Diplegic Cerebral Palsy With SpasticityNCT05025007
The Evaluation of Medial Longitudinal Arch Morphology in Children With Spastic Diplegic Cerebral Palsy by Arch Height Index Measurement Method
An observational study of Diplegic Cerebral Palsy With Spasticity and Pes; Deformity, run by Gazi University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
Trial summary
Foot deformities are one of the most common orthopedic problems in patients with cerebral palsy(CP). Various methods have been proposed to evaluate foot morphology. Arch height index (AHI) measurement is a simple and quantitative method that can be applied in outpatient settings to evaluate the morphology of the… Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 60 months to 17 years
- Conditions the study is for
- Diplegic Cerebral Palsy With Spasticity, Pes; Deformity
- How many people
- 20 participants
- Where
- 1 siteTurkey (Türkiye)
- Study dates
- 15 Jul 2021to 31 Jul 2024
- Phase
- Observational
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 60 months to 17 years
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Child
Study population: The study cohort will consist of patients with spastic diplegic cerebral palsy who were admitted to our outpatient and inpatient clinics of the Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Department. Every subject meeting the criteria of inclusion is going to be included in the study via a consecutive participant sampling method.
Who may be able to join
- Being diagnosed with spastic diplegic cerebral palsy
- Being between the ages of 5-17
- Agree to participate in the study
Who cannot join
- Excessive spasticity and Achilles contracture that prevents heel contact during stance
- Botulinum toxin injection into the calf muscles in the last 3 months
- Prior orthopedic surgery of the Achilles tendon, foot, or ankle
- Radiculopathy, plexus, or peripheral nerve disorder involving the lower extremities
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
Turkey (Türkiye)1 site
Gazi University Hospital, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation
Ankara, 06560
About this study
Official title: The Evaluation of Medial Longitudinal Arch Morphology in Children With Spastic Diplegic Cerebral Palsy by Arch Height Index Measurement Method: A Pilot Study
Foot deformities are one of the most common orthopedic problems in patients with cerebral palsy(CP). Various methods have been proposed to evaluate foot morphology. Arch height index (AHI) measurement is a simple and quantitative method that can be applied in outpatient settings to evaluate the morphology of the medial longitudinal arch(MLA) of the foot. In this study, we aim to investigate the feasibility of AHI measurement in children with CP and, to identify other clinical findings that may be related to foot arch height determined by the AHI method.
Read the detailed description
Cerebral palsy (CP) is a posture, movement, and motor dysfunction that occurs as a result of non-progressive damage of the developing brain during the intrauterine period or early childhood. Foot deformities, including pes planus and pes cavus, are common in children with CP and deteriorate posture and mobility due to its progressive nature and accompanying pain. Spasticity, muscle imbalances, soft tissue changes, and subsequent skeletal disorders are blamed for foot deformities in patients with CP.
Some methods such as foot posture index, navicular drop test, footprint methods, and radiological imaging have been described to identify and evaluate the MLA and foot/ankle posture. Arch height index (AHI) measurement is a novel method that evaluates especially medial longitudinal arch(MLA) morphology, with proven validity and reliability. It is essentially based on the measurement of the dorsum height and the length of the foot by using various caliper systems during varying degrees of load-bearing like sitting or standing. AHI measurement has some advantages over other methods. Measuring AHI during varying degrees of load-bearing such as sitting or standing allows us to quantitatively assess the mobility of the MLA. AHI measurement should be preferred in patients with foot sole skin disorders where footprint measurement methods are inefficient. Its results are not affected by some factors such as x-ray tube angle differences in foot radiography. It does not pose a risk of radiation exposure and is easy to apply. However, there is no data on the effectiveness of the AHI method in determining the MLA morphology in children with CP.
The first hypothesis of this study is that AHI measurement results in patients with CP correlate with data obtained from standard foot radiographs. The second aim of the study is to investigate the relationship between MLA morphology and other findings such as joint range of motion and spasticity of lower extremity muscles in patients with CP.
Patients with spastic diplegic cerebral palsy who were admitted to the Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Department of our hospital will be evaluated in terms of eligibility criteria for the study. Eligible patients will be informed about the trial, and informed consent will be obtained from those who agree to participate. It was planned to recruit 24 subjects with a correlation coefficient of 0.8, a power of 0.90, and a margin of error of 0.05 to determine the correlation between AHI and quantitative foot radiography data.
Demographic data, body mass indexes, physical examination findings including gait patterns, ankle and foot range of motion and tone of the certain lower extremity muscles of participants will be recorded. MLA morphology will be evaluated by foot radiographs and AHI measurements. The AHI measurement will be made both in the bipedal standing and in the sitting position with both feet calmly on the ground. AHI will be calculated by proportioning the height of the dorsum measured from the middle 1/2 of the total length of the foot to truncated foot length.
- Keywords
- Cerebral Palys, Children, Arch Height Index, Medial Longitudinal Arch, Pes Planus, Pes Cavus, Flatfoot, Foot Deformity
- Medical subject headings
- Foot Deformities, Congenital, Flatfoot, Talipes Cavus, Foot Deformities
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Cohort 1 | The study cohort will consist of patients with spastic diplegic cerebral palsy who were admitted to our outpatient and inpatient clinics of the Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Department. |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Arch Height Index while bipedeal standing
The ratio of the height of the dorsum measured from the middle 1/2 of the total length of the foot to truncated foot length while bipedal standing
Measured: Initial evaluation of the participant
Arch Height Index while sitting
he ratio of the height of the dorsum measured from the middle 1/2 of the total length of the foot to truncated foot length while sitting with feet calmly on the ground
Measured: Initial evaluation of the participant
Navicular Index
The ratio of the height of the navicular bone from the ground to the height of the medial longitudinal arch of the foot on lateral foot radiograph.
Measured: Initial evaluation of the participant
Calcaneal Inclination Angle
Angle formed by a line tangent to the inferior cortex of the calcaneus and an horizontal reference line of the plantar plane on lateral foot radiograph.
Measured: Initial evaluation of the participant
Lateral Talo-first metatarsal Angle
Angle formed by the longitudinal axis of the first metatarsal shaft and the longitudinal axis of the talus on lateral foot radiograph.
Measured: Initial evaluation of the participant
Secondary outcomes (3)
Popliteal angle
Popliteal angle was defined as the acute angle between tibia and femur when the knee joint was passively extended with the hip flexed 90 degrees.
Measured: Initial evaluation of the participant
Ankle range of motion
The degree of flexion, extension, inversion, and eversion of the ankle joint that measured regarding the neutral zero methods.
Measured: Initial evaluation of the participant
The degree of spasticity of the certain muscles of the lower extremities
The tonus of hip flexor, hip adductor, knee extensor, knee flexor, ankle plantar flexor, and ankle invertor muscles will be evaluated by the Modified Ashworth Scale. Achilles' tendon tightness will be evaluated by the Silfverskiöld Test.
Measured: Initial evaluation of the participant
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted27 Aug 2021
- Study start15 Jul 2021
- Primary completion31 Jul 2024
- Study completion31 Jul 2024
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (3)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Diplegic Cerebral Palsy With SpasticityStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by Gazi UniversityThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Observational
- Observational model
- Case only
- Time perspective
- Cross-sectional
- Enrolment
- 20 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Gazi University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Levent Karataş, Gazi University
- Investigators
- Murat Zinnuroğlu, MD, Principal investigator, Gazi University Faculty of MedicineLevent Karataş, MD, Principal investigator, Gazi University Faculty of Medicine
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT05025007
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- Cerebral Palys and Foot
- Status last verified
- Aug 2024
- First submitted
- 23 Aug 2021
- Last updated
- 9 Aug 2024
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Publications
Min JJ, Kwon SS, Sung KH, Lee KM, Chung CY, Park MS. Progression of planovalgus deformity in patients with cerebral palsy. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2020 Mar 3;21(1):141. doi: 10.1186/s12891-020-3149-0.
PubMed 32127007Butler RJ, Hillstrom H, Song J, Richards CJ, Davis IS. Arch height index measurement system: establishment of reliability and normative values. J Am Podiatr Med Assoc. 2008 Mar-Apr;98(2):102-6. doi: 10.7547/0980102.
PubMed 18347117Drefus LC, Kedem P, Mangan SM, Scher DM, Hillstrom HJ. Reliability of the Arch Height Index as a Measure of Foot Structure in Children. Pediatr Phys Ther. 2017 Jan;29(1):83-88. doi: 10.1097/PEP.0000000000000337.
PubMed 27984478
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 9 Aug 2024. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- The Evaluation of Medial Longitudinal Arch Morphology in Children With Spastic Diplegic Cerebral Palsy by Arch Height Index Measurement Method: A Pilot Study
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT05025007
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- Cerebral Palys and Foot
- Keywords
- Cerebral Palys, Children, Arch Height Index, Medial Longitudinal Arch, Pes Planus, Pes Cavus, Flatfoot, Foot Deformity
- Study type
- Observational
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 20 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Gazi UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 15 Jul 2021 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 31 Jul 2024 (actual)
- Study completion
- 31 Jul 2024 (actual)
- First posted
- 27 Aug 2021 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
Foot deformities are one of the most common orthopedic problems in patients with cerebral palsy(CP). Various methods have been proposed to evaluate foot morphology. Arch height index (AHI) measurement is a simple and quantitative method that can be applied in outpatient settings to evaluate the morphology of the medial longitudinal arch(MLA) of the foot. In this study, we aim to investigate the feasibility of AHI measurement in children with CP and, to identify other clinical findings that may be related to foot arch height determined by the AHI method.
Detailed description
Cerebral palsy (CP) is a posture, movement, and motor dysfunction that occurs as a result of non-progressive damage of the developing brain during the intrauterine period or early childhood. Foot deformities, including pes planus and pes cavus, are common in children with CP and deteriorate posture and mobility due to its progressive nature and accompanying pain. Spasticity, muscle imbalances, soft tissue changes, and subsequent skeletal disorders are blamed for foot deformities in patients with CP.
Some methods such as foot posture index, navicular drop test, footprint methods, and radiological imaging have been described to identify and evaluate the MLA and foot/ankle posture. Arch height index (AHI) measurement is a novel method that evaluates especially medial longitudinal arch(MLA) morphology, with proven validity and reliability. It is essentially based on the measurement of the dorsum height and the length of the foot by using various caliper systems during varying degrees of load-bearing like sitting or standing. AHI measurement has some advantages over other methods. Measuring AHI during varying degrees of load-bearing such as sitting or standing allows us to quantitatively assess the mobility of the MLA. AHI measurement should be preferred in patients with foot sole skin disorders where footprint measurement methods are inefficient. Its results are not affected by some factors such as x-ray tube angle differences in foot radiography. It does not pose a risk of radiation exposure and is easy to apply. However, there is no data on the effectiveness of the AHI method in determining the MLA morphology in children with CP.
The first hypothesis of this study is that AHI measurement results in patients with CP correlate with data obtained from standard foot radiographs. The second aim of the study is to investigate the relationship between MLA morphology and other findings such as joint range of motion and spasticity of lower extremity muscles in patients with CP.
Patients with spastic diplegic cerebral palsy who were admitted to the Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Department of our hospital will be evaluated in terms of eligibility criteria for the study. Eligible patients will be informed about the trial, and informed consent will be obtained from those who agree to participate. It was planned to recruit 24 subjects with a correlation coefficient of 0.8, a power of 0.90, and a margin of error of 0.05 to determine the correlation between AHI and quantitative foot radiography data.
Demographic data, body mass indexes, physical examination findings including gait patterns, ankle and foot range of motion and tone of the certain lower extremity muscles of participants will be recorded. MLA morphology will be evaluated by foot radiographs and AHI measurements. The AHI measurement will be made both in the bipedal standing and in the sitting position with both feet calmly on the ground. AHI will be calculated by proportioning the height of the dorsum measured from the middle 1/2 of the total length of the foot to truncated foot length.
Study design
- Observational model
- Case only
- Time perspective
- Cross-sectional
- Number of arms
- 1
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Cohort 1 | – | –The study cohort will consist of patients with spastic diplegic cerebral palsy who were admitted to our outpatient and inpatient clinics of the Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Department. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 60 months to 17 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Child
- Study population
- The study cohort will consist of patients with spastic diplegic cerebral palsy who were admitted to our outpatient and inpatient clinics of the Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Department. Every subject meeting the criteria of inclusion is going to be included in the study via a consecutive participant sampling method.
Key inclusion criteria (3 listed)
- Being diagnosed with spastic diplegic cerebral palsy
- Being between the ages of 5-17
- Agree to participate in the study
Key exclusion criteria (4 listed)
- Excessive spasticity and Achilles contracture that prevents heel contact during stance
- Botulinum toxin injection into the calf muscles in the last 3 months
- Prior orthopedic surgery of the Achilles tendon, foot, or ankle
- Radiculopathy, plexus, or peripheral nerve disorder involving the lower extremities
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Primary outcome
Arch Height Index while bipedeal standing
Time frame: Initial evaluation of the participant
The ratio of the height of the dorsum measured from the middle 1/2 of the total length of the foot to truncated foot length while bipedal standing
Arch Height Index while sitting
Time frame: Initial evaluation of the participant
he ratio of the height of the dorsum measured from the middle 1/2 of the total length of the foot to truncated foot length while sitting with feet calmly on the ground
Navicular Index
Time frame: Initial evaluation of the participant
The ratio of the height of the navicular bone from the ground to the height of the medial longitudinal arch of the foot on lateral foot radiograph.
Calcaneal Inclination Angle
Time frame: Initial evaluation of the participant
Angle formed by a line tangent to the inferior cortex of the calcaneus and an horizontal reference line of the plantar plane on lateral foot radiograph.
Lateral Talo-first metatarsal Angle
Time frame: Initial evaluation of the participant
Angle formed by the longitudinal axis of the first metatarsal shaft and the longitudinal axis of the talus on lateral foot radiograph.
3 secondary outcomes
Popliteal angle
Time frame: Initial evaluation of the participant
Ankle range of motion
Time frame: Initial evaluation of the participant
The degree of spasticity of the certain muscles of the lower extremities
Time frame: Initial evaluation of the participant
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 9 Aug 2024.
- Background: PubMed 32127007Min JJ, Kwon SS, Sung KH, Lee KM, Chung CY, Park MS. Progression of planovalgus deformity in patients with cerebral palsy. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2020 Mar 3;21(1):141. doi: 10.1186/s12891-020-3149-0.
- Background: PubMed 18347117Butler RJ, Hillstrom H, Song J, Richards CJ, Davis IS. Arch height index measurement system: establishment of reliability and normative values. J Am Podiatr Med Assoc. 2008 Mar-Apr;98(2):102-6. doi: 10.7547/0980102.
- Background: PubMed 27984478Drefus LC, Kedem P, Mangan SM, Scher DM, Hillstrom HJ. Reliability of the Arch Height Index as a Measure of Foot Structure in Children. Pediatr Phys Ther. 2017 Jan;29(1):83-88. doi: 10.1097/PEP.0000000000000337.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
Related trials for Diplegic Cerebral Palsy With Spasticity
Recruiting
Short-Term Effects of Manual Therapy Prior to Neuromotor Therapy in Children With Cerebral Palsy
Cerebral Palsy (CP), Unilateral Spastic Cerebral Palsy
RecruitingObservational study
Motor Imagery and Functional Performance in Diplegic Cerebral Palsy
Diplegic Cerebral Palsy With Spasticity, Motor İmagery Ability
RecruitingObservational study
"Immediate Effect of DAFO on Gross Motor Function and Balance in Diplegic Cerebral Palsy
Diplegic Cerebral Palsy
Recruiting
Post Facilitation Stretch, Post Isometric Relaxation and Myofascial Release in Spastic Cerebral Palsy.
Spastic Diplegia Cerebral Palsy
Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Murat Zinnuroğlu, MD principal investigator
Gazi University Faculty of Medicine
Levent Karataş, MD principal investigator
Gazi University Faculty of Medicine
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
An observational study of Diplegic Cerebral Palsy With Spasticity and Pes; Deformity, run by Gazi University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 3 inclusion and 4 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 9 Aug 2024. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye). Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Arch Height Index while bipedeal standing (time frame: Initial evaluation of the participant). The study lists 5 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT05025007, which also lists 3 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 9 Aug 2024; AzTrials last refreshed its copy on 8 Nov 2026.