A Proof-of-concept Study of the Efficacy and Safety of Nipocalimab in Participants With Active Rheumatoid Arthritis

Percentage of participants who achieved ACR20 at Week 12 were reported. ACR20 response is defined as: greater than or equal to (>=)20% improvement from baseline in both swollen joint count (66 joints) and tender joint count (68 joints), and >=20% improvement from baseline in 3 of 5 assessments: patient's assessment of pain using visual analog scale (VAS; 0-100 millimeters [mm], 0=no pain and 100=worst possible pain), patient's global assessment of disease activity (arthritis, VAS; 0-100 mm, 0=excellent and 100= poor), physician's global assessment of disease activity (VAS; 0-100 mm, 0=no arthritis activity and 100=extremely active arthritis), patient's assessment of physical function as measured by Disability Index of Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ-DI; 20-question instrument assessing 8 functional areas; range: 0-3, 0= no difficulty, 3= inability to perform task in that area), and CRP.

Percentage of participants who achieved ACR50 at Week 12 were reported. ACR50 response is defined as: >=50% improvement from baseline in both swollen joint count (66 joints) and tender joint count (68 joints), and >=50% improvement from baseline in 3 of 5 assessments: patient's assessment of pain using visual analog scale (VAS; 0-100 mm, 0=no pain and 100=worst possible pain), patient's global assessment of disease activity (arthritis, VAS; 0-100 mm, 0=excellent and 100= poor), physician's global assessment of disease activity (VAS; 0-100 mm, 0=no arthritis activity and 100=extremely active arthritis), patient's assessment of physical function as measured by Disability Index of Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ-DI; 20-question instrument assessing 8 functional areas; range: 0-3, 0= no difficulty, 3= inability to perform task in that area), and CRP.

Percentage of participants who achieved ACR70 at Week 12 were reported. ACR70 response is defined as: >=70% improvement from baseline in both swollen joint count (66 joints) and tender joint count (68 joints), and >=70% improvement from baseline in 3 of 5 assessments: patient's assessment of pain using visual analog scale (VAS; 0-100 mm, 0=no pain and 100=worst possible pain), patient's global assessment of disease activity (arthritis, VAS; 0-100 mm, 0=excellent and 100= poor), physician's global assessment of disease activity (VAS; 0-100 mm, 0=no arthritis activity and 100=extremely active arthritis), patient's assessment of physical function as measured by Disability Index of Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ-DI; 20-question instrument assessing 8 functional areas; range: 0-3, 0= no difficulty, 3= inability to perform task in that area), and CRP.

Percentage of participants who achieved ACR90 at Week 12 were reported. ACR90 response is defined as: >=90% improvement from baseline in both swollen joint count (66 joints) and tender joint count (68 joints), and >=90% improvement from baseline in 3 of 5 assessments: patient's assessment of pain using visual analog scale (VAS; 0-100 mm, 0=no pain and 100=worst possible pain), patient's global assessment of disease activity (arthritis, VAS; 0-100 mm, 0=excellent and 100= poor), physician's global assessment of disease activity (VAS; 0-100 mm, 0=no arthritis activity and 100=extremely active arthritis), patient's assessment of physical function as measured by Disability Index of Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ-DI; 20-question instrument assessing 8 functional areas; range: 0-3, 0= no difficulty, 3= inability to perform task in that area), and CRP.

Percentage of participants who achieved DAS28-CRP remission at Week 12 were reported. The DAS28 remission is defined as DAS28 -CRP value of less than (<) 2.6 at Week 12. The DAS28 is a composite index used to assess rheumatoid arthritis disease activity, calculated based on the tender joint count (out of 28 evaluated joints), swollen joint count (out of 28 evaluated joints), Patient's Global Assessment of Disease Activity, and CRP; in mg/L). The set of 28 joint count is based on evaluation of the shoulder, elbow, wrist, MCP1 to MCP5, PIP1 to PIP5 joints of both the upper right extremity and the upper left extremity as well as the knee joints of lower right and lower left extremities. Score on the DAS28 ranged from 0 to 10, where higher scores indicated more disease activity. Negative changes from baseline indicated improvement of arthritis.

Percentage of participants who achieved DAS28-CRP LDA EULAR at Week 12 were reported. The DAS28 LDA EULAR is defined as DAS28 -CRP value of less than or equal to (<=) 3.2 at Week 12. The DAS28 is a composite index used to assess rheumatoid arthritis disease activity, calculated based on the tender joint count (out of 28 evaluated joints), swollen joint count (out of 28 evaluated joints), Patient's Global Assessment of Disease Activity, and C-reactive protein (CRP; in mg/L). The set of 28 joint count is based on evaluation of the shoulder, elbow, wrist, MCP1 to MCP5, PIP1 to PIP5 joints of both the upper right extremity and the upper left extremity as well as the knee joints of lower right and lower left extremities. Score on the DAS28 ranged from 0 to 10, where higher scores indicated more disease activity. Negative changes from baseline indicated improvement of arthritis.

Change from baseline in HAQ-DI score at Week 12 were reported. The HAQ-DI is a patient-reported questionnaire that measures the degree of difficulty a person has in accomplishing tasks in 8 functional areas: dressing, arising, eating, walking, hygiene, reaching, gripping, and activities of daily living, over the past week. Responses in each functional area were scored on a scale from 0 (indicating no difficulty) to 3 (inability to perform a task in that area). Overall score was computed as the sum of category scores and divided by the number of categories answered and ranging from 0 to 3, where 0 represents no disability and 3 represents very severe, high-dependency disability.

Percentage of participants with TEAEs were reported. An adverse event (AE) was any untoward medical occurrence in a clinical study participant administered a medicinal (investigational or non-investigational) product. An AE does not necessarily have a causal relationship with the intervention. TEAEs were defined as any AE occurring at or after the initial administration of study intervention through the safety follow-up visit (8 weeks after the last administration of study intervention).

Percentage of participants with TESAEs were reported. An AE was any untoward medical occurrence in a clinical study participant administered a medicinal (investigational or non-investigational) product. An AE does not necessarily have a causal relationship with the intervention. A SAE was any untoward medical occurrence at any dose that: resulted in death, was life threatening, required inpatient hospitalization or prolongation of existing hospitalization, resulted in persistent or significant disability/ incapacity, or resulted in congenital anomaly/birth defect. TESAEs were defined as any SAE occurring at or after the initial administration of study intervention through the safety follow-up visit (8 weeks after the last administration of study intervention).

Percentage of participants with AEs leading to discontinuation of study intervention were reported. An AE was any untoward medical occurrence in a clinical study participant administered a medicinal (investigational or non-investigational) product. An AE does not necessarily have a causal relationship with the intervention.

Percentage of participants with TEAEs of special interest were reported. An AE was any untoward medical occurrence in a clinical study participant administered a medicinal (investigational or non-investigational) product. An AE does not necessarily have a causal relationship with the intervention. TEAEs were defined as any AE occurring at or after the initial administration of study intervention through the safety follow-up visit (8 weeks after the last administration of study intervention). TEAEs associated with the following situations were considered to be AESIs: (a) Infections that were severe or require IV anti-infective or operative/invasive intervention; (b) Hypoalbuminemia with albumin <20 grams per liter (g/L) (<2.0 grams per deciliter [g/dL]).