Mandible; DeformityNCT04910074

LLLT Effects on Inferior Alveolar Nerve (IAN) Recovery Post-orthognathic Surgery

A study testing Low-level laser therapy and Dummy LLLT in people with Mandible; Deformity and Surgical Healing, run by Albert Einstein College of Medicine at 1 site in United States.

Terminated

Stopped early. The study ended before it was planned to and will not resume.

Official record

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Trial summary

Who is it for?: Ages 15 years and olderHealthy volunteers can take part
Conditions the study is for: Mandible; Deformity, Surgical Healing, Orthognathic Surgery
What is being tested?: Low-level laser therapy and Dummy LLLT
Type of treatment: Medical device
Could I receive a placebo?: Yes, some participants may receive a placebo
How many people: 25 participants
Where: 1 siteUnited States
Study dates: 1 Jul 2022to 23 Jan 2024
Phase: Interventional
Are there results?: Yes, posted in the registrySummary in the doctors' view

Key requirements

Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.

Ages 15 years and older
All sexes
Healthy volunteers accepted
Child, Adult, Older adult

Who may be able to join

Patients undergoing mandibular surgery with bilateral sagittal split osteotomies

Who cannot join

patients must be free from pre-operative inferior alveolar neurosensory deficiencies
intra-operative accidental fracture or rupture of the inferior alveolar nerve

Trial locations and contacts

1 site in 1 country.

United States1 site

Jacobi Medical Center, Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery
The Bronx, New York, 10461

Other trials in United States

About this study

Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) is a well-studied technique that has been shown to improve recovery time and reduce pain and swelling in patients undergoing surgery, including orthognathic surgery, and has no known negative effects. This study will use two groups with patients randomly assigned to either the study group, receiving LLLT, or one receiving a placebo treatment, after they have lower jaw surgery. Measurements will be taken at 24 hours, 1 week, 2 week, 3 week, 4 week, 5 week, and 6 week post-op exams to check pain, swelling and nerve function, and the two groups will be compared to see if the LLLT group has any difference

Read the detailed description

Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) is a well-studied technique to induce biomodulation of pain and wound healing. The technique has been shown to improve recovery time and reduce pain and swelling in patients undergoing surgery, including orthognathic surgery, and has no known negative effects. Previous studies have used split-mouth designs, short follow-up periods or, often, both. This study aims to have two groups, one receiving LLLT and one receiving a dummy treatment, at 24 hours, 1 week, 2 week, 3 week, 4 week, 5 week, and 6 week post-op exams. At each visit, pain (via VAS), swelling (measured from the midpoint of the chin to the base of the ear, bilaterally), and nerve function (using a soft and hard sensory test, in 8 regions of the mandible and lower lip) will be performed, with additional measurements at 8 weeks and 20 weeks. The measurements will be analyzed for statistical differences between the LLLT intervention group and non-intervention group.

Conditions: Mandible; Deformity, Surgical Healing, Orthognathic Surgery, Nerve Injury
Being tested: Low-level laser therapy, Dummy LLLT
Keywords: orthognathic, lllt
Medical subject headings: Congenital Abnormalities

What participants receive

What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.

Low-level laser therapyDevice
The proposed LLLT protocol will use the Biolase Epic X, an InGaAsP diode laser (940nm) using the pain relief handpiece, a device which has received FDA approval (GUDID 00647529002537) for the treatment of pain, muscle relaxation and healing via increased local circulation. The LLLT will be administered to the experimental group at 30 j/cm2. The laser will be applied extraorally, on the skin overlying the mandible. Application will be for 40 seconds per side, with 10 seconds administered in four places along the jawline, 1 cm apart starting from the gonial angle.
Dummy LLLTDevice
The Biolase Epic X with pain relief handpiece will be applied with no power extraorally, on the skin overlying the mandible. Application will be for 40 seconds per side, with 10 seconds administered in four places along the jawline, 1 cm apart starting from the gonial angle.

Study groups in NCT04910074
Study group	Role	What they receive
Low-level therapy intervention	Experimental	Patients will receive low-level laser therapy on the skin overlying the mandible for 40 seconds per side. All other post-operative care will be as per clinic routine. Receives: Device: Low-level laser therapy
dummy intervention	Placebo comparator	Patients will receive no dose of laser, but the handpiece will be used against their skin top mimic the LLLT. All other post-operative care will be as per clinic routine. Receives: Device: Dummy LLLT

What is being measured

The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.

Inferior Alveolar Nerve Function for Soft Stimuli
IAN function for soft stimuli was assessed by brushing a cotton swab along a 2cm path of the skin of the mandible and lower lip in 8 regions along the lower jaw. Regions right and left 1, 2 and 3 are on the skin of lower face, 1 cm apart, starting on the midline, and right and left region 4 is the lower lip, separated at the midline. Right and left regions were identified as R1, R2, R3, R4 and L1, L2, L3, and L4, respectively. Patients responded as to whether they were able to feel the cotton swab using a binary Yes (+) or No (-) response. The number of patients who responded Yes is summarized by study arm.
Measured: 24 hours post-surgery
Inferior Alveolar Nerve Function for Soft Stimuli
IAN function for soft stimuli was assessed by brushing a cotton swab along a 2cm path of the skin of the mandible and lower lip in 8 regions along the lower jaw. Regions right and left 1, 2 and 3 are on the skin of lower face, 1 cm apart, starting on the midline, and right and left region 4 is the lower lip, separated at the midline. Right and left regions were identified as R1, R2, R3, R4 and L1, L2, L3, and L4, respectively. Patients responded as to whether they were able to feel the cotton swab using a binary Yes (+) or No (-) response. The number of patients who responded Yes is summarized by study arm.
Measured: 1 week post-surgery
Inferior Alveolar Nerve Function for Soft Stimuli
IAN function for soft stimuli was assessed by brushing a cotton swab along a 2cm path of the skin of the mandible and lower lip in 8 regions along the lower jaw. Regions right and left 1, 2 and 3 are on the skin of lower face, 1 cm apart, starting on the midline, and right and left region 4 is the lower lip, separated at the midline. Right and left regions were identified as R1, R2, R3, R4 and L1, L2, L3, and L4, respectively. Patients responded as to whether they were able to feel the cotton swab using a binary Yes (+) or No (-) response. The number of patients who responded Yes is summarized by study arm.
Measured: 2 weeks post-surgery
Inferior Alveolar Nerve Function for Soft Stimuli
IAN function for soft stimuli was assessed by brushing a cotton swab along a 2cm path of the skin of the mandible and lower lip in 8 regions along the lower jaw. Regions right and left 1, 2 and 3 are on the skin of lower face, 1 cm apart, starting on the midline, and right and left region 4 is the lower lip, separated at the midline. Right and left regions were identified as R1, R2, R3, R4 and L1, L2, L3, and L4, respectively. Patients responded as to whether they were able to feel the cotton swab using a binary Yes (+) or No (-) response. The number of patients who responded Yes is summarized by study arm.
Measured: 3 weeks post-surgery
Inferior Alveolar Nerve Function for Soft Stimuli
IAN function for soft stimuli was assessed by brushing a cotton swab along a 2cm path of the skin of the mandible and lower lip in 8 regions along the lower jaw. Regions right and left 1, 2 and 3 are on the skin of lower face, 1 cm apart, starting on the midline, and right and left region 4 is the lower lip, separated at the midline. Right and left regions were identified as R1, R2, R3, R4 and L1, L2, L3, and L4, respectively. Patients responded as to whether they were able to feel the cotton swab using a binary Yes (+) or No (-) response. The number of patients who responded Yes is summarized by study arm.
Measured: 4 weeks post-surgery
Inferior Alveolar Nerve Function for Soft Stimuli
IAN function for soft stimuli was assessed by brushing a cotton swab along a 2cm path of the skin of the mandible and lower lip in 8 regions along the lower jaw. Regions right and left 1, 2 and 3 are on the skin of lower face, 1 cm apart, starting on the midline, and right and left region 4 is the lower lip, separated at the midline. Right and left regions were identified as R1, R2, R3, R4 and L1, L2, L3, and L4, respectively. Patients responded as to whether they were able to feel the cotton swab using a binary Yes (+) or No (-) response. The number of patients who responded Yes is summarized by study arm.
Measured: 5 weeks post-surgery
Inferior Alveolar Nerve Function for Soft Stimuli
IAN function for soft stimuli was assessed by brushing a cotton swab along a 2cm path of the skin of the mandible and lower lip in 8 regions along the lower jaw. Regions right and left 1, 2 and 3 are on the skin of lower face, 1 cm apart, starting on the midline, and right and left region 4 is the lower lip, separated at the midline. Right and left regions were identified as R1, R2, R3, R4 and L1, L2, L3, and L4, respectively. Patients responded as to whether they were able to feel the cotton swab using a binary Yes (+) or No (-) response. The number of patients who responded Yes is summarized by study arm.
Measured: 6 weeks post-surgery
Inferior Alveolar Nerve Function for Soft Stimuli
IAN function for soft stimuli was assessed by brushing a cotton swab along a 2cm path of the skin of the mandible and lower lip in 8 regions along the lower jaw. Regions right and left 1, 2 and 3 are on the skin of lower face, 1 cm apart, starting on the midline, and right and left region 4 is the lower lip, separated at the midline. Right and left regions were identified as R1, R2, R3, R4 and L1, L2, L3, and L4, respectively. Patients responded as to whether they were able to feel the cotton swab using a binary Yes (+) or No (-) response. The number of patients who responded Yes is summarized by study arm.
Measured: 8 weeks post-surgery
Inferior Alveolar Nerve Function for Soft Stimuli
IAN function for soft stimuli was assessed by brushing a cotton swab along a 2cm path of the skin of the mandible and lower lip in 8 regions along the lower jaw. Regions right and left 1, 2 and 3 are on the skin of lower face, 1 cm apart, starting on the midline, and right and left region 4 is the lower lip, separated at the midline. Right and left regions were identified as R1, R2, R3, R4 and L1, L2, L3, and L4, respectively. Patients responded as to whether they were able to feel the cotton swab using a binary Yes (+) or No (-) response. The number of patients who responded Yes is summarized by study arm.
Measured: 20 weeks post-surgery
Inferior Alveolar Nerve Function for Hard Stimuli
IAN function for hard stimuli was assessed by pressing a toothpick into the skin of the mandible and lower lip in 8 regions along the lower jaw. Regions right and left 1, 2, and 3 are on the skin of the lower face, 1 cm apart, starting on the midline, and right and left region 4 is the lower lip, separated at the midline. Right and left regions were abbreviated as R1, R2, R3, R4 and L1, L2, L3, and L4, respectively. Patients responded as to whether they were able to feel the toothpick using a binary Yes (+) or No (-) response. The number of patients who responded Yes (+) is summarized by study arm.
Measured: 24 hours post-surgery
Inferior Alveolar Nerve Function for Hard Stimuli
IAN function for hard stimuli was assessed by pressing a toothpick into the skin of the mandible and lower lip in 8 regions along the lower jaw. Regions right and left 1, 2, and 3 are on the skin of the lower face, 1 cm apart, starting on the midline, and right and left region 4 is the lower lip, separated at the midline. Right and left regions were abbreviated as R1, R2, R3, R4 and L1, L2, L3, and L4, respectively. Patients responded as to whether they were able to feel the toothpick using a binary Yes (+) or No (-) response. The number of patients who responded Yes (+) is summarized by study arm.
Measured: 1 week post-surgery
Inferior Alveolar Nerve Function for Hard Stimuli
IAN function for hard stimuli was assessed by pressing a toothpick into the skin of the mandible and lower lip in 8 regions along the lower jaw. Regions right and left 1, 2, and 3 are on the skin of the lower face, 1 cm apart, starting on the midline, and right and left region 4 is the lower lip, separated at the midline. Right and left regions were abbreviated as R1, R2, R3, R4 and L1, L2, L3, and L4, respectively. Patients responded as to whether they were able to feel the toothpick using a binary Yes (+) or No (-) response. The number of patients who responded Yes (+) is summarized by study arm.
Measured: 2 weeks post-surgery
Inferior Alveolar Nerve Function for Hard Stimuli
IAN function for hard stimuli was assessed by pressing a toothpick into the skin of the mandible and lower lip in 8 regions along the lower jaw. Regions right and left 1, 2, and 3 are on the skin of the lower face, 1 cm apart, starting on the midline, and right and left region 4 is the lower lip, separated at the midline. Right and left regions were abbreviated as R1, R2, R3, R4 and L1, L2, L3, and L4, respectively. Patients responded as to whether they were able to feel the toothpick using a binary Yes (+) or No (-) response. The number of patients who responded Yes (+) is summarized by study arm.
Measured: 3 weeks post-surgery
Inferior Alveolar Nerve Function for Hard Stimuli
IAN function for hard stimuli was assessed by pressing a toothpick into the skin of the mandible and lower lip in 8 regions along the lower jaw. Regions right and left 1, 2, and 3 are on the skin of the lower face, 1 cm apart, starting on the midline, and right and left region 4 is the lower lip, separated at the midline. Right and left regions were abbreviated as R1, R2, R3, R4 and L1, L2, L3, and L4, respectively. Patients responded as to whether they were able to feel the toothpick using a binary Yes (+) or No (-) response. The number of patients who responded Yes (+) is summarized by study arm.
Measured: 4 weeks post-surgery
Inferior Alveolar Nerve Function for Hard Stimuli
IAN function for hard stimuli was assessed by pressing a toothpick into the skin of the mandible and lower lip in 8 regions along the lower jaw. Regions right and left 1, 2, and 3 are on the skin of the lower face, 1 cm apart, starting on the midline, and right and left region 4 is the lower lip, separated at the midline. Right and left regions were abbreviated as R1, R2, R3, R4 and L1, L2, L3, and L4, respectively. Patients responded as to whether they were able to feel the toothpick using a binary Yes (+) or No (-) response. The number of patients who responded Yes (+) is summarized by study arm.
Measured: 5 weeks post-surgery
Inferior Alveolar Nerve Function for Hard Stimuli
IAN function for hard stimuli was assessed by pressing a toothpick into the skin of the mandible and lower lip in 8 regions along the lower jaw. Regions right and left 1, 2, and 3 are on the skin of the lower face, 1 cm apart, starting on the midline, and right and left region 4 is the lower lip, separated at the midline. Right and left regions were abbreviated as R1, R2, R3, R4 and L1, L2, L3, and L4, respectively. Patients responded as to whether they were able to feel the toothpick using a binary Yes (+) or No (-) response. The number of patients who responded Yes (+) is summarized by study arm.
Measured: 6 weeks post-surgery
Inferior Alveolar Nerve Function for Hard Stimuli
IAN function for hard stimuli was assessed by pressing a toothpick into the skin of the mandible and lower lip in 8 regions along the lower jaw. Regions right and left 1, 2, and 3 are on the skin of the lower face, 1 cm apart, starting on the midline, and right and left region 4 is the lower lip, separated at the midline. Right and left regions were abbreviated as R1, R2, R3, R4 and L1, L2, L3, and L4, respectively. Patients responded as to whether they were able to feel the toothpick using a binary Yes (+) or No (-) response. The number of patients who responded Yes (+) is summarized by study arm.
Measured: 8 weeks post-surgery
Inferior Alveolar Nerve Function for Hard Stimuli
IAN function for hard stimuli was assessed by pressing a toothpick into the skin of the mandible and lower lip in 8 regions along the lower jaw. Regions right and left 1, 2, and 3 are on the skin of the lower face, 1 cm apart, starting on the midline, and right and left region 4 is the lower lip, separated at the midline. Right and left regions were abbreviated as R1, R2, R3, R4 and L1, L2, L3, and L4, respectively. Patients responded as to whether they were able to feel the toothpick using a binary Yes (+) or No (-) response. The number of patients who responded Yes (+) is summarized by study arm.
Measured: 20 weeks post-surgery

Secondary outcomes (18)

Post-operative Pain
Post-operative pain was assessed and reported during each study visit using a single-item Visual Analog Scale (VAS) question. Patients rated the intensity of pain on each side of the mandible (right and left) on an 11-point Likert scale. Possible VAS scores ranged from 0 (complete absence of pain) to 10 (maximum amount of pain imaginable). Results were summarized by study arm using basic descriptive statistics.
Measured: 24 hours post-surgery
Post-operative Pain
Post-operative pain was assessed and reported during each study visit using a single-item Visual Analog Scale (VAS) question. Patients rated the intensity of pain on each side of the mandible (right and left) on an 11-point Likert scale. Possible VAS scores ranged from 0 (complete absence of pain) to 10 (maximum amount of pain imaginable). Results were summarized by study arm using basic descriptive statistics.
Measured: 1 week post-surgery
Post-operative Pain
Post-operative pain was assessed and reported during each study visit using a single-item Visual Analog Scale (VAS) question. Patients rated the intensity of pain on each side of the mandible (right and left) on an 11-point Likert scale. Possible VAS scores ranged from 0 (complete absence of pain) to 10 (maximum amount of pain imaginable). Results were summarized by study arm using basic descriptive statistics.
Measured: 2 weeks post-surgery
Post-operative Pain
Post-operative pain was assessed and reported during each study visit using a single-item Visual Analog Scale (VAS) question. Patients rated the intensity of pain on each side of the mandible (right and left) on an 11-point Likert scale. Possible VAS scores ranged from 0 (complete absence of pain) to 10 (maximum amount of pain imaginable). Results were summarized by study arm using basic descriptive statistics.
Measured: 3 weeks post-surgery
Post-operative Pain
Post-operative pain was assessed and reported during each study visit using a single-item Visual Analog Scale (VAS) question. Patients rated the intensity of pain on each side of the mandible (right and left) on an 11-point Likert scale. Possible VAS scores ranged from 0 (complete absence of pain) to 10 (maximum amount of pain imaginable). Results were summarized by study arm using basic descriptive statistics.
Measured: 4 weeks post-surgery
Post-operative Pain
Post-operative pain was assessed and reported during each study visit using a single-item Visual Analog Scale (VAS) question. Patients rated the intensity of pain on each side of the mandible (right and left) on an 11-point Likert scale. Possible VAS scores ranged from 0 (complete absence of pain) to 10 (maximum amount of pain imaginable). Results were summarized by study arm using basic descriptive statistics.
Measured: 5 weeks post-surgery
Post-operative Pain
Post-operative pain was assessed and reported during each study visit using a single-item Visual Analog Scale (VAS) question. Patients rated the intensity of pain on each side of the mandible (right and left) on an 11-point Likert scale. Possible VAS scores ranged from 0 (complete absence of pain) to 10 (maximum amount of pain imaginable). Results were summarized by study arm using basic descriptive statistics.
Measured: 6 weeks post-surgery
Post-operative Pain
Post-operative pain was assessed and reported during each study visit using a single-item Visual Analog Scale (VAS) question. Patients rated the intensity of pain on each side of the mandible (right and left) on an 11-point Likert scale. Possible VAS scores ranged from 0 (complete absence of pain) to 10 (maximum amount of pain imaginable). Results were summarized by study arm using basic descriptive statistics.
Measured: 8 weeks post-surgery
Post-operative Pain
Post-operative pain was assessed and reported during each study visit using a single-item Visual Analog Scale (VAS) question. Patients rated the intensity of pain on each side of the mandible (right and left) on an 11-point Likert scale. Possible VAS scores ranged from 0 (complete absence of pain) to 10 (maximum amount of pain imaginable). Results were summarized by study arm using basic descriptive statistics.
Measured: 20 weeks post-surgery
Post-operative Mandibular Swelling
Post-operative mandibular swelling was measured using soft measuring tape. The extent of post-operative swelling was measured from the tip of the chin to the base of the earlobe bilaterally (right and left). Measurements were recorded in millimeters (mm) and results summarized by study arm using basic descriptive statistics.
Measured: 24 hours post-surgery
Post-operative Mandibular Swelling
Post-operative mandibular swelling was measured using soft measuring tape. The extent of post-operative swelling was measured from the tip of the chin to the base of the earlobe bilaterally (right and left). Measurements were recorded in millimeters (mm) and results summarized by study arm using basic descriptive statistics.
Measured: 1 week post-surgery
Post-operative Mandibular Swelling
Post-operative mandibular swelling was measured using soft measuring tape. The extent of post-operative swelling was measured from the tip of the chin to the base of the earlobe bilaterally (right and left). Measurements were recorded in millimeters (mm) and results summarized by study arm using basic descriptive statistics.
Measured: 2 weeks post-surgery
Post-operative Mandibular Swelling
Post-operative mandibular swelling was measured using soft measuring tape. The extent of post-operative swelling was measured from the tip of the chin to the base of the earlobe bilaterally (right and left). Measurements were recorded in millimeters (mm) and results summarized by study arm using basic descriptive statistics.
Measured: 3 weeks post-surgery
Post-operative Mandibular Swelling
Post-operative mandibular swelling was measured using soft measuring tape. The extent of post-operative swelling was measured from the tip of the chin to the base of the earlobe bilaterally (right and left). Measurements were recorded in millimeters (mm) and results summarized by study arm using basic descriptive statistics.
Measured: 4 weeks post-surgery
Post-operative Mandibular Swelling
Post-operative mandibular swelling was measured using soft measuring tape. The extent of post-operative swelling was measured from the tip of the chin to the base of the earlobe bilaterally (right and left). Measurements were recorded in millimeters (mm) and results summarized by study arm using basic descriptive statistics.
Measured: 5 weeks post-surgery
Post-operative Mandibular Swelling
Post-operative mandibular swelling was measured using soft measuring tape. The extent of post-operative swelling was measured from the tip of the chin to the base of the earlobe bilaterally (right and left). Measurements were recorded in millimeters (mm) and results summarized by study arm using basic descriptive statistics.
Measured: 6 weeks post-surgery
Post-operative Mandibular Swelling
Post-operative mandibular swelling was measured using soft measuring tape. The extent of post-operative swelling was measured from the tip of the chin to the base of the earlobe bilaterally (right and left). Measurements were recorded in millimeters (mm) and results summarized by study arm using basic descriptive statistics.
Measured: 8 weeks post-surgery
Post-operative Mandibular Swelling
Post-operative mandibular swelling was measured using soft measuring tape. The extent of post-operative swelling was measured from the tip of the chin to the base of the earlobe bilaterally (right and left). Measurements were recorded in millimeters (mm) and results summarized by study arm using basic descriptive statistics.
Measured: 20 weeks post-surgery

Timeline

From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.

1 Jul 202223 Jan 2024

First posted2 Jun 2021
Study start1 Jul 2022
Primary completion23 Jan 2024
Study completion23 Jan 2024

Why it stopped: PI terminated study due to lack of resources.

Resources

Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
Posted resultsParticipant flow, outcome measures and adverse events reported by the sponsor.
Publications (17)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
Other trials for Mandible; DeformityStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.

More details

For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.

Study design

Study type: Interventional
Phase: Phase N/A
Primary purpose: Treatment
Allocation: Randomised
Intervention model: Parallel groups
Model description: intervention vs placebo
Masking: Double blind
Who is masked: Participant, Outcomes assessor
Enrolment: 25 participants (actual)

IDs, dates and publications

ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT04910074
Sponsor's protocol ID: 2021-12990
Status last verified: Jun 2025
First submitted: 28 May 2021
Last updated: 24 Jun 2025
Results posted: Yes, on ClinicalTrials.gov
Data monitoring committee: Yes
FDA-regulated drug: No
FDA-regulated device: Yes
Individual data sharing: No

Publications

D'Agostino A, Trevisiol L, Gugole F, Bondi V, Nocini PF. Complications of orthognathic surgery: the inferior alveolar nerve. J Craniofac Surg. 2010 Jul;21(4):1189-95. doi: 10.1097/SCS.0b013e3181e1b5ff.
PubMed 20613608
Haghighat A, Khosrawi S, Tamizifar A, Haghighat M. RETRACTED: Does Low-Level Laser Photobiomodulation Improve Neurosensory Recovery After Orthognathic Surgery? A Clinical Trial With Blink Reflex. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2021 Mar;79(3):685-693. doi: 10.1016/j.joms.2020.11.025. Epub 2020 Nov 30.
PubMed 33358708
Gasperini G, Rodrigues de Siqueira IC, Rezende Costa L. Does low-level laser therapy decrease swelling and pain resulting from orthognathic surgery? Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2014 Jul;43(7):868-73. doi: 10.1016/j.ijom.2014.02.015. Epub 2014 Mar 25.
PubMed 24679851
Khullar SM, Emami B, Westermark A, Haanaes HR. Effect of low-level laser treatment on neurosensory deficits subsequent to sagittal split ramus osteotomy. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 1996 Aug;82(2):132-8. doi: 10.1016/s1079-2104(96)80215-0.
PubMed 8863301
Firoozi P, Keyhan SO, Kim SG, Fallahi HR. Effectiveness of low-level laser therapy on recovery from neurosensory disturbance after sagittal split ramus osteotomy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Maxillofac Plast Reconstr Surg. 2020 Dec 17;42(1):41. doi: 10.1186/s40902-020-00285-0.
PubMed 33331972
Ezzati K, Fekrazad R, Raoufi Z. The Effects of Photobiomodulation Therapy on Post-Surgical Pain. J Lasers Med Sci. 2019 Spring;10(2):79-85. doi: 10.15171/jlms.2019.13. Epub 2019 Feb 25.
PubMed 31360374
Ozen T, Orhan K, Gorur I, Ozturk A. Efficacy of low level laser therapy on neurosensory recovery after injury to the inferior alveolar nerve. Head Face Med. 2006 Feb 15;2:3. doi: 10.1186/1746-160X-2-3.
PubMed 16480503
Esteves Pinto Faria P, Temprano A, Piva F, Sant'ana E, Pimenta D. Low-level laser therapy for neurosensory recovery after sagittal ramus osteotomy. Minerva Stomatol. 2020 Jun;69(3):141-147. doi: 10.23736/S0026-4970.20.04289-2. Epub 2020 Mar 16.
PubMed 32181610
Bittencourt MA, Paranhos LR, Martins-Filho PR. Low-level laser therapy for treatment of neurosensory disorders after orthognathic surgery: A systematic review of randomized clinical trials. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2017 Nov 1;22(6):780-787. doi: 10.4317/medoral.21968.
PubMed 29053658
Hamid MA. Low-level Laser Therapy on Postoperative Pain after Mandibular Third Molar Surgery. Ann Maxillofac Surg. 2017 Jul-Dec;7(2):207-216. doi: 10.4103/ams.ams_5_17.
PubMed 29264287
Boutault F, Diallo R, Marecaux C, Modiga O, Paoli JR, Lauwers F. [Neurosensory disorders and functional impairment after bilateral sagittal split osteotomy: role of the anatomical situation of the alveolar pedicle in 76 patients]. Rev Stomatol Chir Maxillofac. 2007 Jun;108(3):175-82; discussion 182. doi: 10.1016/j.stomax.2006.11.006. Epub 2007 Apr 19. French.
PubMed 17448510
Al-Bishri A, Barghash Z, Rosenquist J, Sunzel B. Neurosensory disturbance after sagittal split and intraoral vertical ramus osteotomy: as reported in questionnaires and patients' records. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2005 May;34(3):247-51. doi: 10.1016/j.ijom.2004.06.009.
PubMed 15741031
Al-Bishri A, Rosenquist J, Sunzel B. On neurosensory disturbance after sagittal split osteotomy. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2004 Dec;62(12):1472-6. doi: 10.1016/j.joms.2004.04.021.
PubMed 15573346
Reddy GK. Photobiological basis and clinical role of low-intensity lasers in biology and medicine. J Clin Laser Med Surg. 2004 Apr;22(2):141-50. doi: 10.1089/104454704774076208.
PubMed 15165389
Kuroyanagi N, Miyachi H, Ochiai S, Kamiya N, Kanazawa T, Nagao T, Shimozato K. Prediction of neurosensory alterations after sagittal split ramus osteotomy. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2013 Jul;42(7):814-22. doi: 10.1016/j.ijom.2012.11.016. Epub 2012 Dec 21.
PubMed 23265759

Want to know more?

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Questions to ask the study team

What is the study trying to find out?
What would I need to do, and how often would I visit?
Could I receive a placebo instead of the treatment?
What are the possible risks and benefits for me?
Will it cost me anything? Are travel or time paid for?
Can I keep seeing my own doctor during the study?
What happens when the study ends?

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Enrolling by invitation
Modified Coronally Advanced Tunnel for Mandibular Lingual Root Coverage
Gingival Recession, Mucogingival Deformity - Insufficient Keratinized Tissue
Active, not recruitingObservational study
Comparative Evaluation of Functional and Aesthetic Outcomes of Box and Mini-Wing Genioplasty Techniques
Class II Malocclusion, Dentofacial Deformities

All Mandible; Deformity trials

Study at a glance

From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 24 Jun 2025. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.

Official title: LLLT Effects on Inferior Alveolar Nerve (IAN) Recovery Post-orthognathic Surgery
ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT04910074
Acronym / sponsor ID: 2021-12990
Conditions: Mandible; Deformity, Surgical Healing, Orthognathic Surgery, Nerve Injury
Keywords: orthognathic, lllt
Study type: Interventional
Recruitment status: TerminatedReason stopped: PI terminated study due to lack of resources.
Enrolment: 25 participants (actual)
Lead sponsor: Albert Einstein College of MedicineUniversity, hospital or other
Study start: 1 Jul 2022 (actual)
Primary completion: 23 Jan 2024 (actual)
Study completion: 23 Jan 2024 (actual)
First posted: 2 Jun 2021 (actual)
Results: Posted 24 Jun 2025

Clinical summary

The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.

Detailed description

Study design

Primary purpose: Treatment
Allocation: Randomised
Intervention model: Parallel groups
Masking: Double blind (participant, outcomes assessor)
Number of arms: 2
Model description: intervention vs placebo

Arm	Type	Receives
Low-level therapy intervention	Experimental	Device: Low-level laser therapyPatients will receive low-level laser therapy on the skin overlying the mandible for 40 seconds per side. All other post-operative care will be as per clinic routine.
dummy intervention	Placebo comparator	Device: Dummy LLLTPatients will receive no dose of laser, but the handpiece will be used against their skin top mimic the LLLT. All other post-operative care will be as per clinic routine.

Who may qualify

Ages: 15 years and older
Sex: All
Healthy volunteers: Accepted
Age groups: Child, Adult, Older adult

Key inclusion criteria (1 listed)

Patients undergoing mandibular surgery with bilateral sagittal split osteotomies

Key exclusion criteria (2 listed)

patients must be free from pre-operative inferior alveolar neurosensory deficiencies
intra-operative accidental fracture or rupture of the inferior alveolar nerve

Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.

Interventions

Intervention	Type	Arms
Low-level laser therapyThe proposed LLLT protocol will use the Biolase Epic X, an InGaAsP diode laser (940nm) using the pain relief handpiece, a device which has received FDA approval (GUDID 00647529002537) for the treatment of pain, muscle relaxation and healing via increased local circulation. The LLLT will be administered to the experimental group at 30 j/cm2. The laser will be applied extraorally, on the skin overlying the mandible. Application will be for 40 seconds per side, with 10 seconds administered in four places along the jawline, 1 cm apart starting from the gonial angle.	Device	Low-level therapy intervention
Dummy LLLTThe Biolase Epic X with pain relief handpiece will be applied with no power extraorally, on the skin overlying the mandible. Application will be for 40 seconds per side, with 10 seconds administered in four places along the jawline, 1 cm apart starting from the gonial angle.	Device	dummy intervention

Primary outcome

Inferior Alveolar Nerve Function for Soft Stimuli
Time frame: 24 hours post-surgery
IAN function for soft stimuli was assessed by brushing a cotton swab along a 2cm path of the skin of the mandible and lower lip in 8 regions along the lower jaw. Regions right and left 1, 2 and 3 are on the skin of lower face, 1 cm apart, starting on the midline, and right and left region 4 is the lower lip, separated at the midline. Right and left regions were identified as R1, R2, R3, R4 and L1, L2, L3, and L4, respectively. Patients responded as to whether they were able to feel the cotton swab using a binary Yes (+) or No (-) response. The number of patients who responded Yes is summarized by study arm.
Inferior Alveolar Nerve Function for Soft Stimuli
Time frame: 1 week post-surgery
IAN function for soft stimuli was assessed by brushing a cotton swab along a 2cm path of the skin of the mandible and lower lip in 8 regions along the lower jaw. Regions right and left 1, 2 and 3 are on the skin of lower face, 1 cm apart, starting on the midline, and right and left region 4 is the lower lip, separated at the midline. Right and left regions were identified as R1, R2, R3, R4 and L1, L2, L3, and L4, respectively. Patients responded as to whether they were able to feel the cotton swab using a binary Yes (+) or No (-) response. The number of patients who responded Yes is summarized by study arm.
Inferior Alveolar Nerve Function for Soft Stimuli
Time frame: 2 weeks post-surgery
IAN function for soft stimuli was assessed by brushing a cotton swab along a 2cm path of the skin of the mandible and lower lip in 8 regions along the lower jaw. Regions right and left 1, 2 and 3 are on the skin of lower face, 1 cm apart, starting on the midline, and right and left region 4 is the lower lip, separated at the midline. Right and left regions were identified as R1, R2, R3, R4 and L1, L2, L3, and L4, respectively. Patients responded as to whether they were able to feel the cotton swab using a binary Yes (+) or No (-) response. The number of patients who responded Yes is summarized by study arm.
Inferior Alveolar Nerve Function for Soft Stimuli
Time frame: 3 weeks post-surgery
IAN function for soft stimuli was assessed by brushing a cotton swab along a 2cm path of the skin of the mandible and lower lip in 8 regions along the lower jaw. Regions right and left 1, 2 and 3 are on the skin of lower face, 1 cm apart, starting on the midline, and right and left region 4 is the lower lip, separated at the midline. Right and left regions were identified as R1, R2, R3, R4 and L1, L2, L3, and L4, respectively. Patients responded as to whether they were able to feel the cotton swab using a binary Yes (+) or No (-) response. The number of patients who responded Yes is summarized by study arm.
Inferior Alveolar Nerve Function for Soft Stimuli
Time frame: 4 weeks post-surgery
IAN function for soft stimuli was assessed by brushing a cotton swab along a 2cm path of the skin of the mandible and lower lip in 8 regions along the lower jaw. Regions right and left 1, 2 and 3 are on the skin of lower face, 1 cm apart, starting on the midline, and right and left region 4 is the lower lip, separated at the midline. Right and left regions were identified as R1, R2, R3, R4 and L1, L2, L3, and L4, respectively. Patients responded as to whether they were able to feel the cotton swab using a binary Yes (+) or No (-) response. The number of patients who responded Yes is summarized by study arm.
Inferior Alveolar Nerve Function for Soft Stimuli
Time frame: 5 weeks post-surgery
IAN function for soft stimuli was assessed by brushing a cotton swab along a 2cm path of the skin of the mandible and lower lip in 8 regions along the lower jaw. Regions right and left 1, 2 and 3 are on the skin of lower face, 1 cm apart, starting on the midline, and right and left region 4 is the lower lip, separated at the midline. Right and left regions were identified as R1, R2, R3, R4 and L1, L2, L3, and L4, respectively. Patients responded as to whether they were able to feel the cotton swab using a binary Yes (+) or No (-) response. The number of patients who responded Yes is summarized by study arm.
Inferior Alveolar Nerve Function for Soft Stimuli
Time frame: 6 weeks post-surgery
IAN function for soft stimuli was assessed by brushing a cotton swab along a 2cm path of the skin of the mandible and lower lip in 8 regions along the lower jaw. Regions right and left 1, 2 and 3 are on the skin of lower face, 1 cm apart, starting on the midline, and right and left region 4 is the lower lip, separated at the midline. Right and left regions were identified as R1, R2, R3, R4 and L1, L2, L3, and L4, respectively. Patients responded as to whether they were able to feel the cotton swab using a binary Yes (+) or No (-) response. The number of patients who responded Yes is summarized by study arm.
Inferior Alveolar Nerve Function for Soft Stimuli
Time frame: 8 weeks post-surgery
IAN function for soft stimuli was assessed by brushing a cotton swab along a 2cm path of the skin of the mandible and lower lip in 8 regions along the lower jaw. Regions right and left 1, 2 and 3 are on the skin of lower face, 1 cm apart, starting on the midline, and right and left region 4 is the lower lip, separated at the midline. Right and left regions were identified as R1, R2, R3, R4 and L1, L2, L3, and L4, respectively. Patients responded as to whether they were able to feel the cotton swab using a binary Yes (+) or No (-) response. The number of patients who responded Yes is summarized by study arm.
Inferior Alveolar Nerve Function for Soft Stimuli
Time frame: 20 weeks post-surgery
IAN function for soft stimuli was assessed by brushing a cotton swab along a 2cm path of the skin of the mandible and lower lip in 8 regions along the lower jaw. Regions right and left 1, 2 and 3 are on the skin of lower face, 1 cm apart, starting on the midline, and right and left region 4 is the lower lip, separated at the midline. Right and left regions were identified as R1, R2, R3, R4 and L1, L2, L3, and L4, respectively. Patients responded as to whether they were able to feel the cotton swab using a binary Yes (+) or No (-) response. The number of patients who responded Yes is summarized by study arm.
Inferior Alveolar Nerve Function for Hard Stimuli
Time frame: 24 hours post-surgery
IAN function for hard stimuli was assessed by pressing a toothpick into the skin of the mandible and lower lip in 8 regions along the lower jaw. Regions right and left 1, 2, and 3 are on the skin of the lower face, 1 cm apart, starting on the midline, and right and left region 4 is the lower lip, separated at the midline. Right and left regions were abbreviated as R1, R2, R3, R4 and L1, L2, L3, and L4, respectively. Patients responded as to whether they were able to feel the toothpick using a binary Yes (+) or No (-) response. The number of patients who responded Yes (+) is summarized by study arm.
Inferior Alveolar Nerve Function for Hard Stimuli
Time frame: 1 week post-surgery
IAN function for hard stimuli was assessed by pressing a toothpick into the skin of the mandible and lower lip in 8 regions along the lower jaw. Regions right and left 1, 2, and 3 are on the skin of the lower face, 1 cm apart, starting on the midline, and right and left region 4 is the lower lip, separated at the midline. Right and left regions were abbreviated as R1, R2, R3, R4 and L1, L2, L3, and L4, respectively. Patients responded as to whether they were able to feel the toothpick using a binary Yes (+) or No (-) response. The number of patients who responded Yes (+) is summarized by study arm.
Inferior Alveolar Nerve Function for Hard Stimuli
Time frame: 2 weeks post-surgery
IAN function for hard stimuli was assessed by pressing a toothpick into the skin of the mandible and lower lip in 8 regions along the lower jaw. Regions right and left 1, 2, and 3 are on the skin of the lower face, 1 cm apart, starting on the midline, and right and left region 4 is the lower lip, separated at the midline. Right and left regions were abbreviated as R1, R2, R3, R4 and L1, L2, L3, and L4, respectively. Patients responded as to whether they were able to feel the toothpick using a binary Yes (+) or No (-) response. The number of patients who responded Yes (+) is summarized by study arm.
Inferior Alveolar Nerve Function for Hard Stimuli
Time frame: 3 weeks post-surgery
IAN function for hard stimuli was assessed by pressing a toothpick into the skin of the mandible and lower lip in 8 regions along the lower jaw. Regions right and left 1, 2, and 3 are on the skin of the lower face, 1 cm apart, starting on the midline, and right and left region 4 is the lower lip, separated at the midline. Right and left regions were abbreviated as R1, R2, R3, R4 and L1, L2, L3, and L4, respectively. Patients responded as to whether they were able to feel the toothpick using a binary Yes (+) or No (-) response. The number of patients who responded Yes (+) is summarized by study arm.
Inferior Alveolar Nerve Function for Hard Stimuli
Time frame: 4 weeks post-surgery
IAN function for hard stimuli was assessed by pressing a toothpick into the skin of the mandible and lower lip in 8 regions along the lower jaw. Regions right and left 1, 2, and 3 are on the skin of the lower face, 1 cm apart, starting on the midline, and right and left region 4 is the lower lip, separated at the midline. Right and left regions were abbreviated as R1, R2, R3, R4 and L1, L2, L3, and L4, respectively. Patients responded as to whether they were able to feel the toothpick using a binary Yes (+) or No (-) response. The number of patients who responded Yes (+) is summarized by study arm.
Inferior Alveolar Nerve Function for Hard Stimuli
Time frame: 5 weeks post-surgery
IAN function for hard stimuli was assessed by pressing a toothpick into the skin of the mandible and lower lip in 8 regions along the lower jaw. Regions right and left 1, 2, and 3 are on the skin of the lower face, 1 cm apart, starting on the midline, and right and left region 4 is the lower lip, separated at the midline. Right and left regions were abbreviated as R1, R2, R3, R4 and L1, L2, L3, and L4, respectively. Patients responded as to whether they were able to feel the toothpick using a binary Yes (+) or No (-) response. The number of patients who responded Yes (+) is summarized by study arm.
Inferior Alveolar Nerve Function for Hard Stimuli
Time frame: 6 weeks post-surgery
IAN function for hard stimuli was assessed by pressing a toothpick into the skin of the mandible and lower lip in 8 regions along the lower jaw. Regions right and left 1, 2, and 3 are on the skin of the lower face, 1 cm apart, starting on the midline, and right and left region 4 is the lower lip, separated at the midline. Right and left regions were abbreviated as R1, R2, R3, R4 and L1, L2, L3, and L4, respectively. Patients responded as to whether they were able to feel the toothpick using a binary Yes (+) or No (-) response. The number of patients who responded Yes (+) is summarized by study arm.
Inferior Alveolar Nerve Function for Hard Stimuli
Time frame: 8 weeks post-surgery
IAN function for hard stimuli was assessed by pressing a toothpick into the skin of the mandible and lower lip in 8 regions along the lower jaw. Regions right and left 1, 2, and 3 are on the skin of the lower face, 1 cm apart, starting on the midline, and right and left region 4 is the lower lip, separated at the midline. Right and left regions were abbreviated as R1, R2, R3, R4 and L1, L2, L3, and L4, respectively. Patients responded as to whether they were able to feel the toothpick using a binary Yes (+) or No (-) response. The number of patients who responded Yes (+) is summarized by study arm.
Inferior Alveolar Nerve Function for Hard Stimuli
Time frame: 20 weeks post-surgery
IAN function for hard stimuli was assessed by pressing a toothpick into the skin of the mandible and lower lip in 8 regions along the lower jaw. Regions right and left 1, 2, and 3 are on the skin of the lower face, 1 cm apart, starting on the midline, and right and left region 4 is the lower lip, separated at the midline. Right and left regions were abbreviated as R1, R2, R3, R4 and L1, L2, L3, and L4, respectively. Patients responded as to whether they were able to feel the toothpick using a binary Yes (+) or No (-) response. The number of patients who responded Yes (+) is summarized by study arm.

18 secondary outcomes

Post-operative Pain
Time frame: 24 hours post-surgery
Post-operative Pain
Time frame: 1 week post-surgery
Post-operative Pain
Time frame: 2 weeks post-surgery
Post-operative Pain
Time frame: 3 weeks post-surgery
Post-operative Pain
Time frame: 4 weeks post-surgery
Post-operative Pain
Time frame: 5 weeks post-surgery
Post-operative Pain
Time frame: 6 weeks post-surgery
Post-operative Pain
Time frame: 8 weeks post-surgery
Post-operative Pain
Time frame: 20 weeks post-surgery
Post-operative Mandibular Swelling
Time frame: 24 hours post-surgery
Post-operative Mandibular Swelling
Time frame: 1 week post-surgery
Post-operative Mandibular Swelling
Time frame: 2 weeks post-surgery
Post-operative Mandibular Swelling
Time frame: 3 weeks post-surgery
Post-operative Mandibular Swelling
Time frame: 4 weeks post-surgery
Post-operative Mandibular Swelling
Time frame: 5 weeks post-surgery
Post-operative Mandibular Swelling
Time frame: 6 weeks post-surgery
Post-operative Mandibular Swelling
Time frame: 8 weeks post-surgery
Post-operative Mandibular Swelling
Time frame: 20 weeks post-surgery

Results and safety

Results posted to the registry on 24 Jun 2025, as reported by the sponsor. Figures are copied from the record, not re-analysed. Full results on ClinicalTrials.gov.

Participant flow

Group	Started	Completed
Low-level Therapy Intervention	12	0
Sham Intervention	13	0

Primary outcome: Inferior Alveolar Nerve Function for Soft Stimuli

Time frame: 24 hours post-surgery

Population analysed: 24-hour post-surgical follow-up visits were not conducted during this study. Many patients were still admitted at 24 hours post-procedure and were unable to be brought into the dental clinic. In addition, the instruments and equipment required to conduct this assessment were not available in the hospital in-patient rooms. As a result, cotton swab samples were not obtained from any of the patients at 24 hours post-surgery and there is no IAN function for soft stimuli results data to report.

Primary outcome: Inferior Alveolar Nerve Function for Soft Stimuli

Time frame: 1 week post-surgery. Count of participants. Unit: Participants

Measure	Low-level Therapy Intervention n = 12	Sham Intervention n = 8
R1	10	3
R2	11	8
R3	11	6
R4	7	2
L1	8	1
L2	11	8
L3	11	8
L4	8	2

Population analysed: Swab samples were able to be collected from regions R1, R4, L1, and L4 in all 12 patients and from regions R2, R3, L2, and L3 in 11 of 12 patients in the Low-level therapy intervention arm who attended their Week 1 visit. Swab samples were able to be collected from regions R2, R3, L2, and L3 in all 8 patients and from regions R1, R4, L1, and L4 in 7 of 8 patients in the Sham intervention arm who attended their Week 1 visit.

Primary outcome: Inferior Alveolar Nerve Function for Soft Stimuli

Time frame: 2 weeks post-surgery. Count of participants. Unit: Participants

Measure	Low-level Therapy Intervention n = 10	Sham Intervention n = 9
R1	8	6
R2	9	9
R3	10	9
R4	7	5
L1	7	4
L2	10	9
L3	10	9
L4	6	3

Population analysed: Swab samples were able to be collected from all regions in all 10 patients in the Low-level therapy intervention arm who attended their Week 2 visit. Swab samples were able to be collected from all regions in all 9 patients in the Sham intervention arm with the exception of regions R4 and L4 in which swab samples were able to be collected from 8 of 9 patients who attended their Week 2 visit.

Primary outcome: Inferior Alveolar Nerve Function for Soft Stimuli

Time frame: 3 weeks post-surgery. Count of participants. Unit: Participants

Measure	Low-level Therapy Intervention n = 10	Sham Intervention n = 8
R1	7	5
R2	10	8
R3	10	8
R4	8	6
L1	7	3
L2	10	7
L3	10	7
L4	7	4

Population analysed: Swab samples were able to be collected from all regions in all 10 patients in the Low-level therapy intervention arm and from all regions in all 8 patients in the Sham intervention arm who attended their Week 3 visit.

18 secondary outcomes are reported in the full results.

Adverse events

Time frame: Adverse events were collected up to 8 weeks post-surgical intervention.. Other adverse events reported at 0% frequency or more

Group	Serious adverse events	Other adverse events	Deaths
Low-level Therapy Intervention	0 of 12 (0%)	0 of 12 (0%)	0 of 12
Sham Intervention	0 of 13 (0%)	0 of 13 (0%)	0 of 13

Loading the posted results from ClinicalTrials.gov…

Research links

Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 24 Jun 2025.
Posted resultsParticipant flow, baseline, all outcome measures and adverse events.
Background: PubMed 20613608D'Agostino A, Trevisiol L, Gugole F, Bondi V, Nocini PF. Complications of orthognathic surgery: the inferior alveolar nerve. J Craniofac Surg. 2010 Jul;21(4):1189-95. doi: 10.1097/SCS.0b013e3181e1b5ff.
Background: PubMed 33358708Haghighat A, Khosrawi S, Tamizifar A, Haghighat M. RETRACTED: Does Low-Level Laser Photobiomodulation Improve Neurosensory Recovery After Orthognathic Surgery? A Clinical Trial With Blink Reflex. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2021 Mar;79(3):685-693. doi: 10.1016/j.joms.2020.11.025. Epub 2020 Nov 30.
Background: PubMed 24679851Gasperini G, Rodrigues de Siqueira IC, Rezende Costa L. Does low-level laser therapy decrease swelling and pain resulting from orthognathic surgery? Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2014 Jul;43(7):868-73. doi: 10.1016/j.ijom.2014.02.015. Epub 2014 Mar 25.
Background: PubMed 8863301Khullar SM, Emami B, Westermark A, Haanaes HR. Effect of low-level laser treatment on neurosensory deficits subsequent to sagittal split ramus osteotomy. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 1996 Aug;82(2):132-8. doi: 10.1016/s1079-2104(96)80215-0.
Background: PubMed 33331972Firoozi P, Keyhan SO, Kim SG, Fallahi HR. Effectiveness of low-level laser therapy on recovery from neurosensory disturbance after sagittal split ramus osteotomy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Maxillofac Plast Reconstr Surg. 2020 Dec 17;42(1):41. doi: 10.1186/s40902-020-00285-0.
Background: PubMed 31360374Ezzati K, Fekrazad R, Raoufi Z. The Effects of Photobiomodulation Therapy on Post-Surgical Pain. J Lasers Med Sci. 2019 Spring;10(2):79-85. doi: 10.15171/jlms.2019.13. Epub 2019 Feb 25.
Background: PubMed 16480503Ozen T, Orhan K, Gorur I, Ozturk A. Efficacy of low level laser therapy on neurosensory recovery after injury to the inferior alveolar nerve. Head Face Med. 2006 Feb 15;2:3. doi: 10.1186/1746-160X-2-3.
Background: PubMed 32181610Esteves Pinto Faria P, Temprano A, Piva F, Sant'ana E, Pimenta D. Low-level laser therapy for neurosensory recovery after sagittal ramus osteotomy. Minerva Stomatol. 2020 Jun;69(3):141-147. doi: 10.23736/S0026-4970.20.04289-2. Epub 2020 Mar 16.
Background: PubMed 29053658Bittencourt MA, Paranhos LR, Martins-Filho PR. Low-level laser therapy for treatment of neurosensory disorders after orthognathic surgery: A systematic review of randomized clinical trials. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2017 Nov 1;22(6):780-787. doi: 10.4317/medoral.21968.
Background: PubMed 29264287Hamid MA. Low-level Laser Therapy on Postoperative Pain after Mandibular Third Molar Surgery. Ann Maxillofac Surg. 2017 Jul-Dec;7(2):207-216. doi: 10.4103/ams.ams_5_17.
Background: PubMed 17448510Boutault F, Diallo R, Marecaux C, Modiga O, Paoli JR, Lauwers F. [Neurosensory disorders and functional impairment after bilateral sagittal split osteotomy: role of the anatomical situation of the alveolar pedicle in 76 patients]. Rev Stomatol Chir Maxillofac. 2007 Jun;108(3):175-82; discussion 182. doi: 10.1016/j.stomax.2006.11.006. Epub 2007 Apr 19. French.
Background: PubMed 15741031Al-Bishri A, Barghash Z, Rosenquist J, Sunzel B. Neurosensory disturbance after sagittal split and intraoral vertical ramus osteotomy: as reported in questionnaires and patients' records. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2005 May;34(3):247-51. doi: 10.1016/j.ijom.2004.06.009.
Individual participant dataSharing planned: No

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Referral and contact

AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.

Timothy Levine, DMD principal investigator

Albert Einstein College of Medicine

1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.

Questions about this trial

What is this clinical trial studying?

A study testing Low-level laser therapy and Dummy LLLT in people with Mandible; Deformity and Surgical Healing, run by Albert Einstein College of Medicine at 1 site in United States.

The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.

Who may be eligible to take part?

The sponsor lists 1 inclusion and 2 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.

Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?

The record says: stopped early, as of the sponsor's last update on 24 Jun 2025. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.

Where is the study taking place?

The record lists 1 site in United States. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.

What are the possible benefits and risks?

They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. Some participants in this study may receive a placebo. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.

Are results available for this study?

Yes. Results are posted in the registry (first posted 24 Jun 2025). A summary is in the For doctors view, and the full results are on ClinicalTrials.gov.

How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?

The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.

What does the primary outcome measure?

Inferior Alveolar Nerve Function for Soft Stimuli (time frame: 24 hours post-surgery). The study lists 18 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.

Where can I read the original study information?

On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT04910074, which also lists 17 linked publications.

Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?

No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.

How often is this information updated?

AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 24 Jun 2025.