Mental Disorder in AdolescenceNCT04888780
Effects of Web-Based Training on HbA1c, Quality of Life and Depression Levels in Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes
A study testing The web-based Watson's Human Care Theory oriented training in people with Mental Disorder in Adolescence and Behavioral Symptoms, run by Gaziantep Islam Science and Technology University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
Trial summary
Objective: This study was conducted to determine the effect of diabetes training on HbA1c, levels of depression and quality of life of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus adolescents by using the Web-Based Watson Human Care Model. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 11 to 17 years
- Conditions the study is for
- Mental Disorder in Adolescence, Behavioral Symptoms, Problem Behavior
- What is being tested?
- The web-based Watson's Human Care Theory oriented training
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 30 participants
- Where
- 1 siteTurkey (Türkiye)
- Study dates
- 1 Jan 2017to 1 May 2018
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 11 to 17 years
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Child
Who may be able to join
- Internet access in the home environment,
- Having a computer in the home environment and being able to use a person from the child and / or family,
- Adolescent diagnosed with T1 DM at least 6 months ago,
- Adolescent's ability to understand information, read and write in Turkish, and have no problems preventing him from communicating verbally,
- Agreeing to sign the consent form that the family agreed to participate in the study,
Who cannot join
- The patients, whose families did not agree to participate in the research for various reasons,
- Internet not access in the home environment,
- Adolescent has a chronic disease other than T1 DM,
- Adolescent newly diagnosed with T1 DM,
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
Turkey (Türkiye)1 site
Adiyaman University Research Hospital
Adıyaman
About this study
Official title: Gaziantep Islamic University of Science and Technology
Objective: This study was conducted to determine the effect of diabetes training on HbA1c, levels of depression and quality of life of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus adolescents by using the Web-Based Watson Human Care Model.
Methods: The study was conducted with 30 adolescents between 11-18 years old who was followed by Child Endocrinology Department and who accepted to participate in the research. A web page was developed by considering Training Guide for Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes and processes of Watson Human Care Theory. Live video interviews were done with adolescents in the experiment group on 14 sessions and these interviews were recorded.
- Being tested
- The web-based Watson's Human Care Theory oriented training
- Keywords
- Depression, Quality of life, Type 1 diabetes, Web-based training
- Medical subject headings
- Behavioral Symptoms, Problem Behavior, Depression, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
The web-based Watson's Human Care Theory oriented trainingOther
Video calls were held every 15 days via the skype program with complete adherence to the schedule. In these interviews, the clinical picture of diabetes and the psychosocial status of adolescents were discussed. A total of 14 interviews with 15-day intervals were made with each adolescent. All video interviews were carried out by the first researcher and they were all recorded.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Experiment adolescent group | Experimental | The web-based Watson's Human Care Theory oriented training and support program are applied to the intervention group. Receives: Other: The web-based Watson's Human Care Theory oriented training |
| Control adolescent group | No intervention | No intervention is applied to the control group. |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Children's Depression Inventory (CDI)
CDI was developed by Kovacs in order to determine the severity of depression in children. The inventory was developed by using a language that could be easily understood by children and adolescents in ages from 6 to 17 years. It was adapted into Turkish by Öy (1990).It consists of 27 items. In each item, there are three sentences between which child or adolescent can choose by considering her/his two weeks before the application.Scores ranging from 0-2 are given to the answers given. High scores indicate the level of depression, and the highest score that can be obtained from the scale is 54. The cut-off point of the scale is 19.(Cronbach's alpha = 0.86)
Measured: 5 minutes
Paediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL)
The Inventory was developed by Varni et al. (2003). It measures the quality of life both generally and specific to the disease. PedsQL was adapted into Turkish by Ayar and is the only type of quality of life inventory that includes scales both for the child and the parent. The inventory consists of 28 items and is divided into 5 sub-scales; which are diabetes symptoms comprising 11 items, treatment barriers comprising 4 items, treatment adherence comprising 7 items, worry comprising 3 items, and communication comprising 3 items. The high total score obtained from the scale indicates that the health-related quality of life is good. (Cronbach's alpha = 0.95)
Measured: 5 minutes
Quality Criteria for Consumer Health Information (DISCERN) Website Evaluation Scale
DISCERN instrument; which was developed by Charnock et al. (1997) and adapted into Turkish in our country by Gokdogan and et al. (2003) was used in the research. The guide to the DISCERN quality criteria is used in order to evaluate the quality and reliability of the written materials that present health-related information. The instrument consists of 16 questions in total. The first 8 questions (1-8) in the guide evaluate the reliability of the presented information; the next 7 questions (9-15) evaluate the quality of the information about treatment and care, and the last question (16) evaluates the material in general. Each question is given a score of 1-5 (5: available, 1: unavailable).A total of 15 points indicate that the web page prepared is low in terms of information quality, and 75 points indicate high information quality.
Measured: 2 minutes
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted17 May 2021
- Study start1 Jan 2017
- Primary completion1 Dec 2017
- Study completion1 May 2018
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (16)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Mental Disorder in AdolescenceStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Supportive care
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Model description
- The research had an experimental design with pre-test and post-test control groups. The participants were randomly assigned to the experimental and control groups.
- Masking
- Single blind
- Who is masked
- Participant
- Enrolment
- 30 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Gaziantep Islam Science and Technology University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Adiyaman University Research Hospital
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Sema Icel, Gaziantep Islam Science and Technology University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT04888780
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- GaziantepIslamicUST
- Status last verified
- May 2021
- First submitted
- 7 May 2021
- Last updated
- 17 May 2021
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No: The article containing the results of the study conducted using the data of the participants is at the publishing stage.
Publications
Karahan Okuroglu G, Ecevit Alpar S. Effect of Web-based diabetes training program on diabetes-related knowledge, attitudes, and skills of health professionals: A randomized controlled trial. Jpn J Nurs Sci. 2019 Apr;16(2):184-193. doi: 10.1111/jjns.12228. Epub 2018 Aug 2.
PubMed 30073784Jaser SS. Family interaction in pediatric diabetes. Curr Diab Rep. 2011 Dec;11(6):480-5. doi: 10.1007/s11892-011-0222-y.
PubMed 21853415Charalampopoulos D, Hesketh KR, Amin R, Paes VM, Viner RM, Stephenson T. Psycho-educational interventions for children and young people with Type 1 Diabetes in the UK: How effective are they? A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One. 2017 Jun 30;12(6):e0179685. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0179685. eCollection 2017.
PubMed 28665946Muscatello MR, Troili GM, Pandolfo G, Mento C, Gallo G, Lanza G, Pintaudi B, Di Vieste G, Di Benedetto A, Zoccali RA, Bruno A. [Depression, anxiety and anger in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus.]. Recenti Prog Med. 2017 Feb;108(2):77-82. doi: 10.1701/2636.27098. Italian.
PubMed 28287201McGuire HC, Ji L, Kissimova-Skarbek K, Whiting D, Aguirre F, Zhang P, Lin S, Gong C, Zhao W, Lu J, Guo X, Ji Y, Seuring T, Hong T, Chen L, Weng J, Zhou Z. Type 1 diabetes mellitus care and education in China: The 3C study of coverage, cost, and care in Beijing and Shantou. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2017 Jul;129:32-42. doi: 10.1016/j.diabres.2017.02.027. Epub 2017 Feb 28.
PubMed 28500868Bentzen SM, Knudsen VK, Christiensen T, Ewers B. Relative validity of a web-based food frequency questionnaire for patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes in Denmark. Nutr Diabetes. 2016 Sep 26;6(9):e232. doi: 10.1038/nutd.2016.40.
PubMed 27669176Avdal EU, Kizilci S, Demirel N. The effects of web-based diabetes education on diabetes care results: a randomized control study. Comput Inform Nurs. 2011 Feb;29(2):101-6. doi: 10.1097/NCN.0b013e3181fcbdc6.
PubMed 21099675Knox ECL, Quirk H, Glazebrook C, Randell T, Blake H. Impact of technology-based interventions for children and young people with type 1 diabetes on key diabetes self-management behaviours and prerequisites: a systematic review. BMC Endocr Disord. 2019 Jan 10;19(1):7. doi: 10.1186/s12902-018-0331-6.
PubMed 30630442Goksen D, Atik Altinok Y, Ozen S, Demir G, Darcan S. Effects of carbohydrate counting method on metabolic control in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus. J Clin Res Pediatr Endocrinol. 2014;6(2):74-8. doi: 10.4274/Jcrpe.1191.
PubMed 24932599Bachle C, Lange K, Stahl-Pehe A, Castillo K, Holl RW, Giani G, Rosenbauer J. Associations between HbA1c and depressive symptoms in young adults with early-onset type 1 diabetes. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2015 May;55:48-58. doi: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2015.01.026. Epub 2015 Feb 7.
PubMed 25720348Mutlu EK, Mutlu C, Taskiran H, Ozgen IT. Association of physical activity level with depression, anxiety, and quality of life in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab. 2015 Nov 1;28(11-12):1273-8. doi: 10.1515/jpem-2015-0082.
PubMed 26197465Samardzic M, Tahirovic H, Popovic N, Popovic-Samardzic M. Health-related quality of life in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus from Montenegro: relationship to metabolic control. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab. 2016 Jun 1;29(6):663-8. doi: 10.1515/jpem-2015-0420.
PubMed 27054599Fredette J, Mawn B, Hood K, Fain J. Quality of Life of College Students Living With Type 1 Diabetes: A Qualitative View. West J Nurs Res. 2016 Dec;38(12):1595-1610. doi: 10.1177/0193945916651265. Epub 2016 May 25.
PubMed 27230752Demir G, Ozen S, Cetin H, Darcan S, Goksen D. Effect of Education on Impaired Hypoglycemia Awareness and Glycemic Variability in Children and Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus. J Clin Res Pediatr Endocrinol. 2019 May 28;11(2):189-195. doi: 10.4274/jcrpe.galenos.2019.2019.0009. Epub 2019 Jan 31.
PubMed 30701953Tektas P, Cam O. The Effects of Nursing Care Based on Watson's Theory of Human Caring on the Mental Health of Pregnant Women After a Pregnancy Loss. Arch Psychiatr Nurs. 2017 Oct;31(5):440-446. doi: 10.1016/j.apnu.2017.07.002. Epub 2017 Jul 11. No abstract available.
PubMed 28927506
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 17 May 2021. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Gaziantep Islamic University of Science and Technology
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT04888780
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- GaziantepIslamicUST
- Keywords
- Depression, Quality of life, Type 1 diabetes, Web-based training
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 30 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Gaziantep Islam Science and Technology UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Adiyaman University Research Hospital
- Study start
- 1 Jan 2017 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 1 Dec 2017 (actual)
- Study completion
- 1 May 2018 (actual)
- First posted
- 17 May 2021 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
Objective: This study was conducted to determine the effect of diabetes training on HbA1c, levels of depression and quality of life of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus adolescents by using the Web-Based Watson Human Care Model.
Methods: The study was conducted with 30 adolescents between 11-18 years old who was followed by Child Endocrinology Department and who accepted to participate in the research. A web page was developed by considering Training Guide for Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes and processes of Watson Human Care Theory. Live video interviews were done with adolescents in the experiment group on 14 sessions and these interviews were recorded.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Supportive care
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind (participant)
- Number of arms
- 2
- Model description
- The research had an experimental design with pre-test and post-test control groups. The participants were randomly assigned to the experimental and control groups.
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Experiment adolescent group | Experimental | Other: The web-based Watson's Human Care Theory oriented trainingThe web-based Watson's Human Care Theory oriented training and support program are applied to the intervention group. |
| Control adolescent group | No intervention | –No intervention is applied to the control group. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 11 to 17 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Child
Key inclusion criteria (5 listed)
- Internet access in the home environment,
- Having a computer in the home environment and being able to use a person from the child and / or family,
- Adolescent diagnosed with T1 DM at least 6 months ago,
- Adolescent's ability to understand information, read and write in Turkish, and have no problems preventing him from communicating verbally,
- Agreeing to sign the consent form that the family agreed to participate in the study,
Key exclusion criteria (4 listed)
- The patients, whose families did not agree to participate in the research for various reasons,
- Internet not access in the home environment,
- Adolescent has a chronic disease other than T1 DM,
- Adolescent newly diagnosed with T1 DM,
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| The web-based Watson's Human Care Theory oriented trainingVideo calls were held every 15 days via the skype program with complete adherence to the schedule. In these interviews, the clinical picture of diabetes and the psychosocial status of adolescents were discussed. A total of 14 interviews with 15-day intervals were made with each adolescent. All video interviews were carried out by the first researcher and they were all recorded. | Other | Experiment adolescent group |
Primary outcome
Children's Depression Inventory (CDI)
Time frame: 5 minutes
CDI was developed by Kovacs in order to determine the severity of depression in children. The inventory was developed by using a language that could be easily understood by children and adolescents in ages from 6 to 17 years. It was adapted into Turkish by Öy (1990).It consists of 27 items. In each item, there are three sentences between which child or adolescent can choose by considering her/his two weeks before the application.Scores ranging from 0-2 are given to the answers given. High scores indicate the level of depression, and the highest score that can be obtained from the scale is 54. The cut-off point of the scale is 19.(Cronbach's alpha = 0.86)
Paediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL)
Time frame: 5 minutes
The Inventory was developed by Varni et al. (2003). It measures the quality of life both generally and specific to the disease. PedsQL was adapted into Turkish by Ayar and is the only type of quality of life inventory that includes scales both for the child and the parent. The inventory consists of 28 items and is divided into 5 sub-scales; which are diabetes symptoms comprising 11 items, treatment barriers comprising 4 items, treatment adherence comprising 7 items, worry comprising 3 items, and communication comprising 3 items. The high total score obtained from the scale indicates that the health-related quality of life is good. (Cronbach's alpha = 0.95)
Quality Criteria for Consumer Health Information (DISCERN) Website Evaluation Scale
Time frame: 2 minutes
DISCERN instrument; which was developed by Charnock et al. (1997) and adapted into Turkish in our country by Gokdogan and et al. (2003) was used in the research. The guide to the DISCERN quality criteria is used in order to evaluate the quality and reliability of the written materials that present health-related information. The instrument consists of 16 questions in total. The first 8 questions (1-8) in the guide evaluate the reliability of the presented information; the next 7 questions (9-15) evaluate the quality of the information about treatment and care, and the last question (16) evaluates the material in general. Each question is given a score of 1-5 (5: available, 1: unavailable).A total of 15 points indicate that the web page prepared is low in terms of information quality, and 75 points indicate high information quality.
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 17 May 2021.
- Results publication: PubMed 30073784Karahan Okuroglu G, Ecevit Alpar S. Effect of Web-based diabetes training program on diabetes-related knowledge, attitudes, and skills of health professionals: A randomized controlled trial. Jpn J Nurs Sci. 2019 Apr;16(2):184-193. doi: 10.1111/jjns.12228. Epub 2018 Aug 2.
- Results publication: PubMed 21853415Jaser SS. Family interaction in pediatric diabetes. Curr Diab Rep. 2011 Dec;11(6):480-5. doi: 10.1007/s11892-011-0222-y.
- Results publication: PubMed 28665946Charalampopoulos D, Hesketh KR, Amin R, Paes VM, Viner RM, Stephenson T. Psycho-educational interventions for children and young people with Type 1 Diabetes in the UK: How effective are they? A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One. 2017 Jun 30;12(6):e0179685. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0179685. eCollection 2017.
- Results publication: PubMed 28287201Muscatello MR, Troili GM, Pandolfo G, Mento C, Gallo G, Lanza G, Pintaudi B, Di Vieste G, Di Benedetto A, Zoccali RA, Bruno A. [Depression, anxiety and anger in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus.]. Recenti Prog Med. 2017 Feb;108(2):77-82. doi: 10.1701/2636.27098. Italian.
- Results publication: PubMed 28500868McGuire HC, Ji L, Kissimova-Skarbek K, Whiting D, Aguirre F, Zhang P, Lin S, Gong C, Zhao W, Lu J, Guo X, Ji Y, Seuring T, Hong T, Chen L, Weng J, Zhou Z. Type 1 diabetes mellitus care and education in China: The 3C study of coverage, cost, and care in Beijing and Shantou. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2017 Jul;129:32-42. doi: 10.1016/j.diabres.2017.02.027. Epub 2017 Feb 28.
- Results publication: PubMed 27669176Bentzen SM, Knudsen VK, Christiensen T, Ewers B. Relative validity of a web-based food frequency questionnaire for patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes in Denmark. Nutr Diabetes. 2016 Sep 26;6(9):e232. doi: 10.1038/nutd.2016.40.
- Results publication: PubMed 21099675Avdal EU, Kizilci S, Demirel N. The effects of web-based diabetes education on diabetes care results: a randomized control study. Comput Inform Nurs. 2011 Feb;29(2):101-6. doi: 10.1097/NCN.0b013e3181fcbdc6.
- Results publication: PubMed 30630442Knox ECL, Quirk H, Glazebrook C, Randell T, Blake H. Impact of technology-based interventions for children and young people with type 1 diabetes on key diabetes self-management behaviours and prerequisites: a systematic review. BMC Endocr Disord. 2019 Jan 10;19(1):7. doi: 10.1186/s12902-018-0331-6.
- Results publication: PubMed 24932599Goksen D, Atik Altinok Y, Ozen S, Demir G, Darcan S. Effects of carbohydrate counting method on metabolic control in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus. J Clin Res Pediatr Endocrinol. 2014;6(2):74-8. doi: 10.4274/Jcrpe.1191.
- Results publication: PubMed 25720348Bachle C, Lange K, Stahl-Pehe A, Castillo K, Holl RW, Giani G, Rosenbauer J. Associations between HbA1c and depressive symptoms in young adults with early-onset type 1 diabetes. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2015 May;55:48-58. doi: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2015.01.026. Epub 2015 Feb 7.
- Results publication: PubMed 26197465Mutlu EK, Mutlu C, Taskiran H, Ozgen IT. Association of physical activity level with depression, anxiety, and quality of life in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab. 2015 Nov 1;28(11-12):1273-8. doi: 10.1515/jpem-2015-0082.
- Results publication: PubMed 27054599Samardzic M, Tahirovic H, Popovic N, Popovic-Samardzic M. Health-related quality of life in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus from Montenegro: relationship to metabolic control. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab. 2016 Jun 1;29(6):663-8. doi: 10.1515/jpem-2015-0420.
- J. Watson, Intentionality and caring-healing consciousness: a practice of transpersonal nursing. Holistic Nursing Prac. 16(4) (2002) 12-19.Link provided by the sponsor.
- S.A. Fitzgerald, V.E.M. Zavala, K.Y.R. Blanco, A.P. Cupertino, M.V. Geana, E.F. Ellerbeck, Acceptability and feasibility of web-based diabetes instruction for Latinos with limited education and computer experience, JHDRP. 9(3) (2016) 94-102.Link provided by the sponsor.
- C. Öztürk, D. Ayar, The importance of quality of life in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus, E-Journal of Dokuz Eylul University Nursing Faculty. 6(2) (2013) 99-101.Link provided by the sponsor.
- Z. Karakus Er, Z. Özer, H. Boncuk, The effect of web based patient education on symptom management and quality of life of patients with diagnosed lung cancer. 1st International Health Sciences and Life Congress. 02-05 May, 2018. Burdur, TurkeyLink provided by the sponsor.
- S. Altundağ, The effect of social support and education at adaptation to disease in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus, Pamukkale Medical Journal. 11(2) (2017) 137-144. https://doi.org/10. 5505/ptd.2017.90958.Link provided by the sponsor.
- E. Duras, D. Bezen, O. Özkaya, H. Dursun, Evaluation of the quality of life patients followed up with diagnosis of type 1 diabetes mellitus, The Journal of Current Pediatrics. 16(2) (2018) 72-85.Link provided by the sponsor.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No. The article containing the results of the study conducted using the data of the participants is at the publishing stage.
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
The record lists no contact. Use the official record to reach the sponsor.
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing The web-based Watson's Human Care Theory oriented training in people with Mental Disorder in Adolescence and Behavioral Symptoms, run by Gaziantep Islam Science and Technology University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 5 inclusion and 4 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 17 May 2021. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye). Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Children's Depression Inventory (CDI) (time frame: 5 minutes). The study lists 3 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT04888780, which also lists 16 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 17 May 2021.