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Excessive SleepinessPhase 4NCT04788953

Clinical Trial of Solriamfetol for Excessive Sleepiness Related to Shift Work Disorder

A Phase 4 study testing Solriamfetol Oral Tablet in people with Excessive Sleepiness and Shift-work Disorder, run by Charles A. Czeisler, PhD, MD at 1 site in United States.

Terminated

Stopped early. The study ended before it was planned to and will not resume.

Official record
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Trial summary

In this research study the investigators want to learn more about whether the medication Solriamfetol improves daytime sleepiness in workers who start work at very early times (between 3 and 6am). Read more about this study

Who is it for?
Ages 18 to 64 yearsHealthy volunteers can take part
Conditions the study is for
Excessive Sleepiness, Shift-work Disorder
What is being tested?
Solriamfetol Oral Tablet
Type of treatment
Pill or oral medicine
Could I receive a placebo?
Yes, some participants may receive a placebo
How many people
84 participants
Where
1 siteUnited States
Study dates
21 Jul 2021to 19 Apr 2024
Phase
Phase 4
Are there results?
Yes, posted in the registrySummary in the doctors' view

Key requirements

Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.

  • Ages 18 to 64 years
  • All sexes
  • Healthy volunteers accepted
  • Adult

Who may be able to join

  • Men and women
  • Ages 18 to 64 years
  • Early-morning shift workers with a fixed work schedule (start times between 3 AM-6 AM, for at least 3 days per week)
  • ≥ 20 work hours per week, 6-hour to 12-hour shifts
  • ≥ 3-month history of working early morning shifts prior to the study
  • Shift work disorder (as measured by 4-item SWD screening questionnaire and SWD symptoms confirmed by clinician) with excessive sleepiness (as measured by the modified ESS) specifically related to early morning shifts
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  • Baseline MWT average sleep latency <20 minutes on the first 4 scheduled naps
  • Body mass index 18.5 to 45 kg/m2
  • Normal thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) level
  • Female participants must not be pregnant or breastfeeding.
  • Female participants must either be of non-childbearing potential or using a contraceptive method that is highly effective (with a failure rate of <1% per year), preferably with low user dependency, and agree to continue its use for at least 30 days after the last dose of study medication.
  • Male participants must agree to refrain from donating sperm and agree to remain abstinent from heterosexual intercourse or to use a male condom with female partners who are on an additional highly effective contraceptive method, both during the study and for at least 30 days after the last dose of study medication.
  • Are willing to refrain from any alcohol and nicotine-containing product use during the 24 hours prior to each MWT visit.
  • Are willing to refrain from any caffeine use on the day of the MWT visits.
  • Are willing and able to comply with the study requirements.

Who cannot join

  • History or presence of any acutely unstable medical condition, behavioral or psychiatric disorder, or surgical history that could affect the safety of the participant or interfere with study efficacy, safety, or the ability of the participant to complete the trial based on the judgment of the investigator.
  • Presence of renal impairment or calculated creatinine clearance < 60 mL/min.
  • Laboratory value(s) outside the laboratory reference range that is considered to be clinically significant by the investigator (clinical chemistry, hematology, and urinalysis; see Appendix II).
  • Hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism, unless stabilized by appropriate medication for at least 3 months prior to screening.
  • Clinically significant EKG abnormality in the opinion of the investigator.
  • Presence of significant cardiovascular disease including but not limited to: myocardial infarction within the past year, unstable angina pectoris, symptomatic congestive heart failure (ACC/AHA stage C or D), revascularization procedures within the past year, uncontrolled atrial fibrillation, ventricular cardiac arrhythmias requiring automatic implantable cardioverter defibrillator or medication therapy, uncontrolled hypertension, systolic blood pressure ≥ 155 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure ≥ 95 mmHg (at Screening or Baseline), or any history of cardiovascular disease or any significant cardiovascular condition that in the investigator's opinion may jeopardize participant safety in the study.
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  • History of bariatric surgery within the past year or a history of any gastric bypass procedure.
  • Use of an MAOI in the past 14 days or five half-lives (whichever is longer) prior to the Baseline Visit, or plans to use an MAOI during the study.
  • Pregnant or intention to become pregnant.
  • Breast-feeding or plans to breastfeed.
  • On long-term sick leave or with no history of work in the last 12 months
  • Diagnosis with sleep disorder (regardless of treatment status) other than SWD including: OSA, PLMD, other circadian rhythm sleep disorders, narcolepsy, or RLS determined by a previous sleep-lab diagnosis or during the home sleep test.
  • History of excessive caffeine use or anticipated excessive use (>600mg/day) during the study.
  • Use of any OTC or prescription medications that could affect the evaluation of EDS within a time period prior to the Baseline visit corresponding to at least 5 half-lives of the drug(s) or planned use of such drug(s) at some point throughout the duration of the treatment period. Examples of excluded medications include OTC sleep aids, stimulants (e.g. methylphenidate, amphetamines, modafinil, and armodafinil), sodium oxybate, pemoline, pitolisant, bupropion, trazodone, vortioxetine, duloxetine, tricyclic antidepressants, hypnotics, benzodiazepines, barbiturates, and opioids.
  • Received an investigational drug in the past 30 days or 5 half-lives (whichever is longer) prior to the Baseline visit or plans to use an investigational drug (other than the study drug) during the study.
  • History or presence of bipolar disorder, bipolar-related disorders, schizophrenia, schizophrenia spectrum disorders, or other psychotic disorders according to DSM-5 criteria.
  • Current or recent (within the past 2 years) diagnosis of a moderate or severe substance use disorder (excluding caffeine) according to DSM-5 criteria. Nicotine use disorder is exclusionary only if it has an effect on sleep (i.e., a participant who routinely awakens at night to smoke) or will interfere with study compliance.
  • Current, recent (within the past 2 years), or seeking treatment for a substance-related disorder.
  • Positive urine drug screen (UDS) for opiates, phencyclidine (PCP), cocaine, cannabinoid (THC), or amphetamines at Screening or at any point throughout the duration of the study, except for a prescribed drug (e.g., amphetamine) at Screening.
  • History of regular heavy use of tetrahydrocannabinol containing products. Recreational users of cannabis may be repeat UDS tested once during the Screening period. If this is negative, the participant may be allowed to enter the study.
  • Positive alcohol test at Screening. Binge drinking (5 or more drinks per day for men, 4 or more drinks per day for women) within the past month.
  • History of PKU or history of hypersensitivity to phenylalanine-derived products.
  • Previous exposure to solriamfetol (JZP-110, ADX-N05, R228060, or YKP-10A).

Trial locations and contacts

1 site in 1 country.

United States1 site
  • Brigham and Women's Hospital

    Boston, Massachusetts, 02115

Other trials in United States

About this study

In this research study the investigators want to learn more about whether the medication Solriamfetol improves daytime sleepiness in workers who start work at very early times (between 3 and 6am).

Read the detailed description

Shift work has become increasingly common as the 24/7 global society has required more and more workers to do their jobs at irregular hours. According to the National Health Interview Survey in 2010, approximately 28.7% of the American workforce is engaged in work outside a regular day shift (outside 7 AM-to 6 PM). Working irregular hours poses a serious threat to the shift worker's physical, mental, and psychosocial health due to circadian misalignment and misplaced sleep. The most severe problems faced by shift workers are sleep disturbances and excessive sleepiness. The disruptions caused by shift work are recognized as a circadian rhythm sleep disorder in the International Classification of Sleep Disorders, 3rd Edition, and is called Shift Work Disorder [SWD]. SWD is characterized by excessive sleepiness (ES) during wakefulness, accompanied by a reduction of total sleep time and/or insomnia. Several studies have shown that 10-43% of shift workers are diagnosed with SWD, dependent on the criteria used.

Studies have shown that wake promoting agents can be used to treat ES in shift workers, ranging from caffeine to prescription pharmacological agents. Current Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved options for SWD patients with ES are modafinil and armodafinil. A three-month, double-blind trial of 209 randomized SWD patients showed that modafinil improves wakefulness and the ability to sustain attention working night shifts without negatively affecting daytime sleep. Furthermore, SWD patients who received modafinil had an improvement in clinical symptoms, reduced levels of sleepiness during night shift and during commute home, and proportionally fewer patients reported motor vehicle accidents or near accidents while commuting home. Czeisler and colleagues also performed a 12-week randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, multicenter study, which showed that armodafinil was well-tolerated and improved clinical conditions, wakefulness, attention and memory during night shifts in SWD patients without jeopardizing daytime sleep and reduced sleepiness during the commute home.

All these previous studies were described in SWD patients working night shifts, yet approximately 3 times as many individuals work shifts that start in the early morning compared with those who work night shifts. These early-morning shift workers are a unique, high-risk group because their early work start times (3:00 AM to 6:00 AM) require the workers to wake up in the middle of the night, close to their circadian nadir, resulting in curtailed sleep and commuting to work during times of high sleepiness. Previous research has shown that early-morning shift starts in particular are associated with increased sleepiness. To the investigators' knowledge, no studies have addressed the use of wake promoting agents for ES in early-morning shift workers.

In this clinical trial, the investigators will test whether Solriamfetol (SUNOSITM), a drug approved for the treatment of ES in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and narcolepsy, is effective in: (1) decreasing sleepiness without reducing sleep duration or sleep quality; (2) improving work functioning; and (3) improving quality of life in early-morning shift workers diagnosed with ES associated with SWD.

Being tested
Solriamfetol Oral Tablet, Placebo
Keywords
Excessive Daytime Sleepiness, Early Morning Shift Work
Medical subject headings
Disorders of Excessive Somnolence

What participants receive

What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.

  • Solriamfetol Oral TabletDrug

    Also called Sunosi

    The administered drug is SUNOSI (solriamfetol) tablets for oral use. Initial U.S. Approval: 2019

  • PlaceboDrug

    Control subjects will receive placebo tablets for oral use.

Study groups in NCT04788953
Study groupRoleWhat they receive
Solriamfetol (Sunosi)ExperimentalParticipants will start at 75 mg and take that dose for 3 consecutive days. Participants will take their first 75mg dose on an early morning work day and take the next two 75 mg doses upon awakening regardless of their work schedule. They will then move to 150mg on the next early morning work day and for all subsequent early morning shift work days. The drug/placebo will be taken orally within 30 minutes after awakening, before the start of each early morning shift. Prior to the end of study of visit (Visit 5), drug will be taken at home within 30 minutes of awakening.
Receives: Drug: Solriamfetol Oral Tablet
ControlPlacebo comparatorParticipants randomized into the Control arm will receive a placebo
Receives: Drug: Placebo

What is being measured

The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.

  1. Change in Mean Sleep Latency

    Sleep latency was assessed with a Maintenance Wakefulness Test (MWT) at Visit 2 (Baseline) and again at Visit 5 (End-of-Treatment). The MWT started ~2 hours after participant's usual wake time and consisted of four 40-minute trials (2, 4, 6, and 8 hours after usual wake time). Participants were fitted with polysomnography (PSG) and instructed to stay awake. Each trial was monitored and the trial was ended after PSG-sleep occurred or after 40 minutes if no sleep occurred. Sleep latency (in minutes) was calculated as the time between trial start time and sleep onset time. Change in mean sleep latency (i.e., averaged sleep latency across the four trials) from Visit 2 to Visit 5 was calculated for each participant.

    Measured: Study Visit 2 (i.e., Baseline Visit) and Study Visit 5 (i.e., End-of-Treatment Visit after 4 weeks on solriamfetol or placebo)

Secondary outcomes (3)
  1. Change in Karolinska Sleepiness Scale Score

    Subjective sleepiness was assessed with a Karolinska Sleepiness Scale (KSS, Åkerstedt \& Gillberg, 1990). The KSS was administered to the participant ~5 minutes before the start of each four MWT trial at Visit 5 (Baseline) and again at Visit 5 (End-of-Treatment). The KSS scores range from 1 (very alert) to 9 (very sleepy), with higher scores indicating higher levels of sleepiness. Change in the mean KSS score (i.e., averaged score across the four trials) from Visit 2 to Visit 5 was calculated for each participant.

    Measured: Study Visit 2 (i.e., Baseline Visit) and Study Visit 5 (i.e., End-of-Treatment Visit after 4 weeks on solriamfetol or placebo)

  2. Change in Clinician's Global Impression of Change Score

    Overall change in participant's clinical condition was assessed with a Clinician's Global Impression of Change scale (CGI-Change, Guy, 1976). The CGI-change was conducted at Visit 5 (End-of-Treatment) by a study doctor who rated the participant. The scores range from 1 (very much improved) to 7 (very much worse), with lower scores indicating improved condition. Data were dichotomized such that scores 1-3 (very much improved, much improved, minimally improved) were considered to indicate improvement and scores 4-7 (no change, minimally worse, much worse, very much worse) were considered to indicate no improvement. Improvement was calculate as the percentage of participants in each group who reported improved scores.

    Measured: Study Visit 5 (i.e., End-of-Treatment Visit after 4 weeks on solriamfetol or placebo)

  3. Change in Patient's Global Impression of Change Score

    Participant's overall perception of change in their condition (i.e., excessive sleepiness) was assessed with a Patient's Global Impression of Change scale (PGI-Change, Guy, 1976). The PGI-C was administered to the participant at Visit 5 (End-of-Treatment). The scores ranged from 1 (no change or worse) to 7 (a great deal better), with higher scores indicating improved condition. Data were dichotomized such that scores 1-2 (no change or worse, hardly any change) were considered to indicate no improvement, and scores 3-7 (a little better, somewhat better, moderately better, better, a great deal better) were considered to indicate improvement.

    Measured: Study Visit 5 (i.e., End-of-Treatment Visit after 4 weeks on solriamfetol or placebo)

Timeline

From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.

  1. First posted9 Mar 2021
  2. Study start21 Jul 2021
  3. Primary completion6 Apr 2024
  4. Study completion19 Apr 2024

Why it stopped: Study was stopped due to funding limitations.

Resources

More details

For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.

Study design
Study type
Interventional
Phase
Phase 4
Primary purpose
Treatment
Allocation
Randomised
Intervention model
Parallel groups
Masking
Quadruple blind
Who is masked
Participant, Care provider, Investigator, Outcomes assessor
Enrolment
84 participants (actual)
IDs, dates and publications
ClinicalTrials.gov ID
NCT04788953
Sponsor's protocol ID
2021-P-000509
Status last verified
Sep 2025
First submitted
2 Mar 2021
Last updated
24 Sep 2025
FDA-regulated drug
Yes
FDA-regulated device
No

Publications

  • Zitting KM, Gilmore KR, Lockyer BJ, Leary EB, Wang W, Issa NC, Quan SF, Williams JS, Duffy JF, Czeisler CA. Solriamfetol for Excessive Sleepiness in Early-Morning Shift Work Disorder. NEJM Evid. 2026 Feb;5(2):EVIDoa2500190. doi: 10.1056/EVIDoa2500190. Epub 2026 Jan 27.

    PubMed 41590992

Questions about this trial

What is this clinical trial studying?

A Phase 4 study testing Solriamfetol Oral Tablet in people with Excessive Sleepiness and Shift-work Disorder, run by Charles A. Czeisler, PhD, MD at 1 site in United States.

The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.

Who may be eligible to take part?

The sponsor lists 15 inclusion and 23 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.

Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?

The record says: stopped early, as of the sponsor's last update on 24 Sep 2025. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.

Where is the study taking place?

The record lists 1 site in United States. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.

What are the possible benefits and risks?

They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. Some participants in this study may receive a placebo. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.

What does this phase mean?

Phase 4 studies take place after a treatment is approved, to learn more about its long-term benefits and risks in everyday use.

Not every study follows the same path, and some studies (observational studies, device studies) have no phase.

Are results available for this study?

Yes. Results are posted in the registry (first posted 24 Sep 2025). A summary is in the For doctors view, and the full results are on ClinicalTrials.gov.

How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?

The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.

What does the primary outcome measure?

Change in Mean Sleep Latency (time frame: Study Visit 2 (i.e., Baseline Visit) and Study Visit 5 (i.e., End-of-Treatment Visit after 4 weeks on solriamfetol or placebo)). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.

Where can I read the original study information?

On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT04788953, which also lists 1 linked publication.

Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?

No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.

How often is this information updated?

AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 24 Sep 2025.

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