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Waist, HypertriglyceridemicNCT04448067

Dietary Incorporation of Lentils to Improve Metabolic Health

A study testing Dietary Lentil Intake in people with Waist, Hypertriglyceridemic, run by Montana State University at 1 site in United States.

Completed

Finished. The study has ended and is not enrolling. Results may be posted on the official record.

Official record
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Trial summary

Approximately 40% of Americans are pre-diabetic or diabetic, mostly in the form of type 2 diabetes (T2D), which is heavily influenced by diet. Three interrelated factors driving the progression of T2D are large glycemic and lipidemic responses after a meal, consumption of excess calories, and increased fat within the… Read more about this study

Who is it for?
Ages 18 to 70 yearsHealthy volunteers can take part
Conditions the study is for
Waist, Hypertriglyceridemic
What is being tested?
Dietary Lentil Intake
Could I receive a placebo?
Yes, some participants may receive a placebo
How many people
35 participants
Where
1 siteUnited States
Study dates
19 Jan 2019to 13 Dec 2019
Phase
Interventional
Are there results?
None posted in the registry

Key requirements

Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.

  • Ages 18 to 70 years
  • All sexes
  • Healthy volunteers accepted
  • Adult, Older adult

Who may be able to join

  • BMI = or > than 27 kg/m^2
  • Waist circumference > 35 inches for women and > 40 inches for men

Who cannot join

  • Allergy to wheat
  • Taking medication that will influence glucose, cholesterol, lipids, or inflammation
  • Pregnant
  • Diabetes
  • Having a pacemaker
  • Other health conditions that may interfere with study outcomes
  • Planning a weight loss or change in exercise regimen

Trial locations and contacts

1 site in 1 country.

United States1 site
  • Montana State University

    Bozeman, Montana, 59717

Other trials in United States

About this study

Approximately 40% of Americans are pre-diabetic or diabetic, mostly in the form of type 2 diabetes (T2D), which is heavily influenced by diet. Three interrelated factors driving the progression of T2D are large glycemic and lipidemic responses after a meal, consumption of excess calories, and increased fat within the abdominal compartment, referred to as visceral adipose tissue (VAT). Available research suggests that these problems may be attenuated with pulse consumption both at the time of consumption and at the next meal, in what is referred to as the second meal effect. Associations between pulse consumption and metabolic health have been measured in observational studies; unfortunately, randomized clinical trials data to establish cause and effect in humans are typically short in duration (≤ 4 weeks), limited to a single dose of pulse consumption (none exclusively for lentils), and not designed to strategically exploit the well-established second meal effect. We expect the impact of lentil intake will be greatest if consumed at the midday meal to offset the magnitude of the response to the large caloric intake typical in the evening. Our overarching hypothesis is that midday lentil consumption in individuals at greater risk for metabolically driven diseases will improve metabolic health. The purpose of this proposal is to determine whether eight weeks of 0, 300, or 600 grams per week of lentils by individuals with elevated VAT will improve insulin sensitivity, hepatic insulin resistance, lipid profiles (total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL and HDL lipoproteins), inflammation, appetite and satiety, body mass, body composition, and volume of VAT.

Read the detailed description

Investigators utilized a parallel intervention of two separate dietary lentil doses versus control (no lentils) treatments for eight weeks in adults with elevated waist circumference. Enrolled participants were randomized to LOW (300 g lentils/week), HIGH (600 g lentils/week), or CONTROL (0 g lentils/week) treatment groups using block randomization. Outcome variables were assessed before and after 8 weeks of the dietary intervention.

Procedures:

Anthropometrics. Measurements were collected from participants before and after the intervention using the validated segmental multifrequency bioelectrical impedance analysis (SECA mBCA515, Hamburg, Germany) (cite). Fat mass (%) and estimated visceral adipose (L) were used for analysis.

Glycemic Challenge. An oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was administered as a meal which contained white bread containing 75 g or available carbohydrate. Water was provided with the meal. Caffeinated black tea was provided for participants who identified as habitual morning caffeine consumers. Participants were instructed to avoid alcohol consumption and strenuous physical activity in the 24 hours before their visit and to complete an overnight fast (10 -12 hours) before blood collection. Fasting blood samples were collected by venipuncture by a trained phlebotomist before ingestion of the glycemic challenge meal. A fingerstick was used to obtain blood for glucose and insulin prior to ingestion of bread and every 30 minutes in the 2-hour postprandial period.

Dietary Intervention: Experimental diets were provided to participants in the form of five pre-made midday meals containing 0, 60, or 120 g per meal matched across treatment groups for total energy and protein. Midday meals were targeted in this study to exploit the second meal effect of lower caloric intake at the next meal, the evening meal. Participants were instructed to consume all of the meal provided to them at the midday meal and then proactively reduce portion sizes and not eat beyond fullness at the evening meal. Participants were instructed to eat the meals Monday through Friday, and to eat any missed meals on Saturday or Sunday. Compliance was checked with random emails once per week and verbal reporting when picking up weekly meals.

Assessment of Satisfaction with Meal Provided: An email or text message questionnaire was sent to each participant for them to complete in real time at 4:00 pm one evening per week. Day of the week was varied so that each of the five weekdays was sampled at least once. Participants were asked to rate the following question "How much do you like your meal provided today?" on a scale from 1 (dislike extremely) to 9 (like extremely).

Assessment of Satiety: An email or text message questionnaire was sent to each participant for them to complete in real time at 4:00 pm one evening per week. Day of the week was varied so that each of the five weekdays was sampled at least once. To assess the elements of satiety, participants rated each of the following questions on a scale of 0 to 10: How hungry are you? (0 = not at all, 10 = extremely); How full are you? (0 = not at all, 10 = extremely); How satisfied do you feel? (0 = not at all, 10 = extremely); How strong is your desire to eat? (0 = very weak, 10 = very strong); How much do you think you could (or would want to) eat right now? (0 = nothing, 10 = very large amount)

Assessment of Gastrointestinal Comfort: An email or text message questionnaire was sent to each participant for them to complete in real time at 8:00 pm one evening per week. Day of the week was varied so that each of the five weekdays was sampled at least once. To assess gastrointestinal comfort, participants rated the following symptoms as none, mild, moderate, or severe: flatulence, bloating, cramping, abdominal discomfort.

Blood analysis: Whole blood in serum separating tubes was allowed to clot for 15 minutes before centrifugation at 1200 RPM for 15 minutes with resulting serum aliquoted and stored at -80ºC until analysis.Determination of blood markers. Blood markers of metabolic syndrome as defined by the World Health Organization were determined from whole blood run on Picollo Xpress Chemistry Analyzer lipid panels (Abaxis, Union City, USA). Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) was determined using the DCA Vantage Analyzer (Siemens Medical Solutions Diagnostics, Cergy-Pontoise, France) performed according to manufacturer instructions. Insulin concentrations from fasting and postprandial samples were determined through a high-sensitivity insulin ELISA kit according to manufacturer instructions (ALPCO, Salem, NH, United States). Fasting insulin and glucose concentrations were used to calculate homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). The Matsuda Index was calculated from fasting and postprandial glucose and insulin concentrations. The postprandial glucose and insulin concentrations in response to the OGTT were input into the incremental area under the curved (AUC) method.

Being tested
Dietary Lentil Intake, No Dietary Lentil CONTROL
Keywords
glycemic control, inflammation, triglyceride, satiety, gastrointestinal comfort, pulse crop, lentil
Medical subject headings
Hypertriglyceridemic Waist, Inflammation

What participants receive

What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.

  • Dietary Lentil IntakeBehavioural

    Dietary intake of moderate or high dose of lentils at midday meals

  • No Dietary Lentil CONTROLBehavioural

    Dietary intake of meals without lentils and matched to dietary lentil meals for total energy and protein

Study groups in NCT04448067
Study groupRoleWhat they receive
LOW Lentil IntakeExperimentalConsumption of meals containing 60 g of lentils 5 out of 7 days per week for 8 weeks.
Receives: Behavioral: Dietary Lentil Intake
HIGH Lentil IntakeExperimentalConsumption of meals containing 120 g of lentils 5 out of 7 days per week for 8 weeks
Receives: Behavioral: Dietary Lentil Intake
CONTROLSham comparatorConsumption of meals matched in total energy and protein to the lentil meals but containing 0 g of lentils 5 out 7 days per week for 8 weeks
Receives: Behavioral: No Dietary Lentil CONTROL

What is being measured

The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.

  1. Glucose Tolerance

    Blood glucose area under the curve during 2-h 75 g oral glucose tolerance (units = mmol/2 h)

    Measured: Week 8

  2. Insulin Response During Glucose Tolerance Test

    Serum insulin area under the curve during 2-h 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (units = pmol/2 h)

    Measured: Week 8

  3. Visceral Adipose Tissue

    Volume of adipose tissue within the abdominal compartment (units = liters)

    Measured: Week 8

  4. Body Mass

    Total body mass (units = kg)

    Measured: Week 8

  5. Hunger during the 8-week Intervention

    Subjective rating at 4:00 pm in response to the question: "How hungry are you?" (Ordinal scale ratings from 0 = not at all to 10 = extremely). Lower rating of hunger is a better outcome.

    Measured: Week 1, Week 2, Week 3, Week 4, Week 5, Week 6, Week 7, Week 8

  6. Fullness during the 8-week Intervention

    Subjective rating at 4:00 pm in response to the question: "How full are you?" (Ordinal scale ratings from 0 = not at all to 10 = extremely). Higher rating of fullness is a better outcome.

    Measured: Week 1, Week 2, Week 3, Week 4, Week 5, Week 6, Week 7, Week 8

  7. Satiety during the 8-week Intervention

    Subjective rating at 4:00 pm in response to the question: "How satisfied do you feel?"(Ordinal scale ratings from 0 = not at all, 10 = extremely). Higher rating of satiety is a better outcome.

    Measured: Week 1, Week 2, Week 3, Week 4, Week 5, Week 6, Week 7, Week 8

  8. Desire to Eat during the 8-week Intervention

    Subjective rating at 4:00 pm in response to the question: "How strong is your desire to eat?" (Ordinal scale ratings from 0 = nothing to 10 = very large amount). Lower rating of desire to eat is a better outcome.

    Measured: Week 1, Week 2, Week 3, Week 4, Week 5, Week 6, Week 7, Week 8

  9. Appetite during the 8-week Intervention

    Subjective rating at 4:00 pm in response to the question: "How much do you think you could (or would want to) eat right now?" (Ordinal scale ratings from 0 = nothing to 10 = very large amount). Lower rating of appetite is a better outcome.

    Measured: Week 1, Week 2, Week 3, Week 4, Week 5, Week 6, Week 7, Week 8

  10. Gastrointestinal Comfort during the 8-week Intervention

    Subjective ratings of level of flatulance, bloating, cramping, and abdominal discomfort participants experienced after eating study meals. (Ratings = none, mild, moderate, severe)

    Measured: Week 1, Week 2, Week 3, Week 4, Week 5, Week 6, Week 7, Week 8

  11. Serum Metabolome

    Serum metabolites (untargeted) measured from fasting serum (units can be either mmol or area under the curve)

    Measured: Week 8

Secondary outcomes (4)
  1. Fasting lipid panel

    Fasting serum concentrations of triglycerides, total cholesterol, and high-density lipoprotein (units = mmol)

    Measured: Week 8

  2. Fasting glucose

    Fasting serum concentration of glucose (units = mmol)

    Measured: Week 8

  3. C-reactive protein

    Fasting serum concentration of C-reactive protein (units = mg/l)

    Measured: Week 8

  4. Inflammatory cytokines

    Fasting serum concentrations of tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin (IL)-1beta, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17, IL-23, interferon gamma, and granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor. (units = pg/ml)

    Measured: Week 8

Timeline

From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.

  1. First posted25 Jun 2020
  2. Study start19 Jan 2019
  3. Primary completion13 Dec 2019
  4. Study completion13 Dec 2019

Resources

More details

For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.

Study design
Study type
Interventional
Phase
Phase N/A
Primary purpose
Prevention
Allocation
Randomised
Intervention model
Parallel groups
Model description
This study utilized a parallel intervention of meals with 0, 60 or 120 g of lentils 5 days per week for 8 in overweight or obese adults with elevated waist circumference.
Masking
None (open label)
Enrolment
35 participants (actual)
IDs, dates and publications
ClinicalTrials.gov ID
NCT04448067
Sponsor's protocol ID
USA DPLC MILES
Status last verified
Jun 2020
First submitted
19 Jun 2020
Last updated
25 Jun 2020
Results posted
No
Data monitoring committee
No
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
Individual data sharing
No

Questions about this trial

What is this clinical trial studying?

A study testing Dietary Lentil Intake in people with Waist, Hypertriglyceridemic, run by Montana State University at 1 site in United States.

The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.

Who may be eligible to take part?

The sponsor lists 2 inclusion and 7 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.

Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?

The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 25 Jun 2020. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.

Where is the study taking place?

The record lists 1 site in United States. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.

What are the possible benefits and risks?

They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. Some participants in this study may receive a placebo. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.

Are results available for this study?

The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.

How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?

The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.

What does the primary outcome measure?

Glucose Tolerance (time frame: Week 8). The study lists 11 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.

Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?

No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.

How often is this information updated?

AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 25 Jun 2020; AzTrials last refreshed its copy on 8 Nov 2026.

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