Corona Virus InfectionPhase 2COVID-19_LFNCT04412395
Clinical Assessment of Oral Lactoferrin as a Safe Antiviral and Immunoregulatory in Treating COVID-19 Disease
A Phase 2 study testing Lactoferrin (Apolactoferrin) in people with Corona Virus Infection and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS), run by National Research Centre, Egypt at 4 sites in Egypt.
Trial summary
The aim of the study is to clinically use bovine Lf as a safe antiviral adjuvant for treatment and to assess the potential in reducing mortality and morbidity rates in COVID-19 patients. The study was approved by the ethical committee of the Egyptian Center for Research and Regenerative Medicine in 11-5-2020. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 to 80 years
- Conditions the study is for
- Corona Virus Infection, Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS), Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
- What is being tested?
- Lactoferrin (Apolactoferrin)
- Type of treatment
- Pill or oral medicine
- Could I receive a placebo?
- Yes, some participants may receive a placebo
- How many people
- 516 participants
- Where
- 4 sitesEgypt
- Study dates
- 1 Feb 2022to 30 Dec 2022
- Phase
- Phase 2
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 to 80 years
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Patients tested positive (PCR) for SARS-CoV-2 and clinically symptomatic.
- Adult patients with age >18 years.
- Patients willing and able to sign the study informed consent form.
Who cannot join
- Critically severe disease patients (having Respiratory failure requiring mechanical ventilation, or signs of septic shock or multiple organ failure requiring ICU admission).
- Patients who are unconscious
- Patients who have convulsions
- Patients suffering from central cyanosis with SPO2< 90% (for asthmatic patients with SPO2<88%)
- Pregnant or lactating women
- Patients with a known history of pro-inflammatory diseases (patients with autoimmune diseases, patients receiving chemotherapy for cancer, patients with malabsorption, patients with inflammatory bowel disease, Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis).
Show all 12Show fewer
- History or suspected immunosuppressive or immunodeficient state including HIV infection, or chronic immunosuppressant medication (more than 14 days) within the past 3 months (inhaled and topical steroids are allowed).
- Patients with severe renal impairment (GFR <60 ml/min/1.73m2 as measured by the Cockcroft-Gault formula).
- Patient with severe hepatic impairment, biliary cirrhosis or cholestasis
- Patients who received immunoregulatory therapy within one month before the start of the study.
- Patients with Known or suspected allergy or any contraindications to Lactoferrin.
- Any condition, according to the judgment of the investigator, would interfere with the patient's ability to comply with all study requirements or that would place the patient at unacceptable risk by his/her participation in the study.
Trial locations and contacts
4 sites in 1 country.
Egypt4 sites
National Research Center, Egypt (Clinical and Molecular Pharmacology)
Cairo, Giza Governorate, 12622
Marawan Abdelbaset, PhD, +0201002227202, dr.marawan@gmail.com
Bassim Mohamed, PhD, Bassim.mohamed@umontreal.ca
Clinmax CRO (Clinical Research Organization)
Cairo, 11835
Khaled Prince, B Pharm, +20106725802, Khaled.prince@clinmax.net
Christine Gindy, B Pharm, christine.gindy@clinmax.net
Clinical Trial Unit National Research Center
Cairo
Wafaa Abdel Aal, MD
Osama Azmy, MD
Egyptian Military Medical Services (Hospitals)
Cairo
About this study
Official title: Clinical Assessment of Oral Lactoferrin as a Safe Antiviral and Immunoregulatory Therapy in Patients Diagnosed With COVID-19 Disease
The aim of the study is to clinically use bovine Lf as a safe antiviral adjuvant for treatment and to assess the potential in reducing mortality and morbidity rates in COVID-19 patients. The study was approved by the ethical committee of the Egyptian Center for Research and Regenerative Medicine in 11-5-2020.
Read the detailed description
The World Health Organization (WHO) declared the coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19) outbreak a Public Health Emergency of International Concern with a pandemic spread. The situation is rapidly evolving, which raises the approach of reproposing already approved drugs to meet the emerging challenge and to save time and money. Lactoferrin (Lf) is a natural glycoprotein that broadly distributed within the body fluids and found predominantly in milk. It represents a known component of the innate immune system. The antiviral activity of Lf has been reported against many viruses, including SARS-CoV-1, through blocking the viral receptors on the host cells preventing them from entry and replication. Markedly, data reveals that Lf interacts with Heparan Sulfate Proteoglycans (HSPGs) and Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptors that are reported as SARS-CoV-2-binding sites to enter the host cell, suggesting a potential significance of Lf as an antiviral against SARS-CoV-2. Moreover, the immunoregulatory effects of Lf can protect against the cytokine-storm and thrombotic complications that result from the COVID-19-induced over-stimulated inflammatory response and exaggerated immune reactions. In addition, Lf can decrease the free iron toxicity caused by the virus as it has a strong iron chelating ability. Lf is a safe approved food supplement that is available in the markets for enhancement of immunity and for treatment of anemia. The aim of this study is to perform a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, two arms, clinical trial to assess oral enteric-coated tablet of bovine apolactoferrin (the low iron-content form of Lf) as a safe antiviral and immunoregulatory therapy in patients diagnosed with COVID-19 disease.
- Conditions
- Corona Virus Infection, Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS), Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Coronavirus Infection, COVID-19, SARS-CoV 2
- Being tested
- Lactoferrin (Apolactoferrin), Placebo of excipient(s) will be administered
- Keywords
- Lactoferrin, Apolactoferrin, Immuno-modulatory, Cytokine-storm, Antiviral, 2019nCoV, 2019 new coronavirus (2019nCoV), Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS), Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS), COVID-19, SARS-CoV 2
- Medical subject headings
- Coronavirus Infections, Respiratory Distress Syndrome, COVID-19, Cytokine Release Syndrome
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Lactoferrin (Apolactoferrin)Dietary supplement
Apolactoferrin is an iron-free Lactoferrin (with very low iron saturation). Lactoferrin (Lf) is a natural glycoprotein that is found predominantly in milk. Lf represents a known component of the innate immune system present in neutrophil-specific granules and broadly distributed within the body fluids and exocrine secretions.
Placebo of excipient(s) will be administeredDrug
Also called excipient(s)
Placebo of the equivalent excipient will be administered to placebo group
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Arm 01 (SOC + Lactoferrin 1200 mg QID) | Active comparator | Patients randomized to this group will receive two 600 mg Lactoferrin tablets QID plus the Standard of Care (SOC) treatment(s). Receives: Dietary Supplement: Lactoferrin (Apolactoferrin) |
| Arm 02 (SOC + Placebo QID) | Placebo comparator | Patients randomized to this group will receive two placebo tablets QID plus the SOC treatment(s). Receives: Drug: Placebo of excipient(s) will be administered |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Survival rate.
Comparing the influence of the intervention on the Survival rate.
Measured: up to 8 weeks.
Rate of disease remission.
For mild/moderate symptoms patients: fever, cough and other symptoms relieved with improved lung CT
- For severe symptoms patients: fever, cough and other symptoms relieved with improved lung CT, and oxygen saturation by pulse oximetry (SPO2 )> 93% for nonasthmatic patients, and from 88-92% in asthmatic patients.
Measured: up to 4 weeks.
The number of patients with PCR negative results.
Comparing the influence of the intervention on the PCR negative results.
Measured: up to 4 weeks.
Secondary outcomes (32)
Mean change in the disease severity (clinical assessment).
Recording the changes from severe to moderate or mild and the time taken.
Measured: up to 4 weeks.
Mean change in blood pressure.
Recording the changes in blood pressure mmHg.
Measured: up to 4 weeks.
Mean change in heart beats.
Recording the changes in heart rate in beat/second.
Measured: up to 4 weeks.
Mean change in body temperature.
Recording the changes in body temperature in Celsius.
Measured: up to 4 weeks.
Mean change in body respiratory rate.
Recording the changes in the respiratory rate in breath/minute.
Measured: up to 4 weeks.
Mean change in oxygen saturation.
Recording the changes in arterial oxygen saturation in mmHg.
Measured: up to 4 weeks.
Mean change in the ratio in arterial oxygen partial pressure to fractional inspired oxygen (PF ratio).
Recording the changes in the ratio of arterial oxygen partial pressure to fractional inspired oxygen (PF ratio).
Measured: up to 4 weeks.
Mean change in complete blood picture (CBC).
Recording the changes in complete blood picture (CBC) in cells per liter.
Measured: up to 4 weeks.
Mean change in C reactive protein (CRP).
Recording the changes in C reactive protein (CRP) in mg/L.
Measured: up to 4 weeks.
Mean change in erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR).
Recording the changes in erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) in mm/hr.
Measured: up to 4 weeks.
Mean change in D-dimer.
Recording the changes in D-dimer in ng/mL.
Measured: up to 4 weeks.
Mean change in ferritin.
Recording the changes in ferritin in ng/mL.
Measured: up to 4 weeks.
Mean change in liver Albumin.
Recording the changes in liver Albumin in g/L.
Measured: up to 4 weeks.
Mean change in total and direct Bilirubin.
Recording the changes in total and direct Bilirubin in mg/dL.
Measured: up to 4 weeks.
Mean change in prothrombin time (PT) and partial thromboplastin time (PTT ).
Recording the changes in prothrombin time (PT), partial thromboplastin time (PTT ) in seconds and calculating International Normalized Ratio (INR).
Measured: up to 4 weeks.
Mean change in aspartate aminotransferase (AST).
Recording the changes in aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in IU/L.
Measured: up to 4 weeks.
Mean change in Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT).
Recording the changes in Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) in IU/L.
Measured: up to 4 weeks.
Mean change in Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN).
Recording the changes in Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN) in mg/dL.
Measured: up to 4 weeks.
Mean change in Serum Creatinine.
Recording the changes in Serum Creatinine in mg/dL.
Measured: up to 4 weeks.
Mean change in Serum Creatinine clearance.
Recording the changes in Serum Creatinine in ml/min.
Measured: up to 4 weeks.
Mean change in Glomerular filtration rate (GFR ).
Recording the changes in Glomerular filtration rate (GFR ) ml/min/m2.
Measured: up to 4 weeks.
The mean change in serum interleukin-1 (IL-1).
Recording the changes in interleukin-1 (IL-1) in pg/ml.
Measured: up to 4 weeks.
The mean change in serum interleukin-6 (IL-6).
Recording the changes in interleukin-6 (IL-6) in pg/ml.
Measured: up to 4 weeks.
The mean change in serum interleukin-10 (IL-10).
Recording the changes in interleukin-10 (IL-10) in pg/ml.
Measured: up to 4 weeks.
The mean change in serum tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF alpha).
Recording the changes in tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF alpha) in ng/ml.
Measured: up to 4 weeks.
Mean changes in immunoglobulin G (IgG).
Recording the changes in immunoglobulin G (IgG) in ng/ml.
Measured: up to 4 weeks.
Mean changes in immunoglobulin M (IgM).
Recording the changes in immunoglobulin M (IgM) in ng/ml.
Measured: up to 4 weeks.
The mean change in PCR viral load.
Recording the changes in PCR viral load in copies/mL.
Measured: up to 4 weeks.
Mean change in lung CT manifestation.
Recording the changes in lung CT.
Measured: up to 4 weeks.
Nature and severity of Adverse Events.
Recording any unexpected Adverse Events of the intervention.
Measured: up to 4 weeks.
Time for lung recovery.
Recording the changes (the average time of lung imaging recovery), as assessed by lung CT.
Measured: up to 8 weeks.
The number of missed drug doses among each treatment group.
Recording the changes the event of missed drug doses.
Measured: up to 4 weeks.
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted2 Jun 2020
- Study start1 Feb 2022 (estimated)
- Primary completion1 Aug 2022 (estimated)
- Study completion30 Dec 2022 (estimated)
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for Corona Virus InfectionStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase 2
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Model description
- Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, clinical trial.
- Masking
- Quadruple blind
- Who is masked
- Participant, Care provider, Investigator, Outcomes assessor
- Enrolment
- 516 participants (estimated)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- National Research Centre, Egypt
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Egyptian Military Medical Services
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Rehab Ragab Hegazy, National Research Centre, Egypt
- Investigators
- Rehab Hegazy, PhD, Study director, National Research Center
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT04412395
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- COVID-19_LF
- Acronym
- COVID-19_LF
- Status last verified
- Nov 2021
- First submitted
- 15 May 2020
- Last updated
- 15 Nov 2021
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- Yes
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- Yes: Not yet decided.
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 15 Nov 2021. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Clinical Assessment of Oral Lactoferrin as a Safe Antiviral and Immunoregulatory Therapy in Patients Diagnosed With COVID-19 Disease
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT04412395
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- COVID-19_LF / COVID-19_LF
- Conditions
- Corona Virus Infection, Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS), Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Coronavirus Infection, COVID-19, SARS-CoV 2
- Keywords
- Lactoferrin, Apolactoferrin, Immuno-modulatory, Cytokine-storm, Antiviral, 2019nCoV, 2019 new coronavirus (2019nCoV), Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS)
- Phase
- Phase 2
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Unknown status
- Enrolment
- 516 participants (estimated)
- Lead sponsor
- National Research Centre, EgyptUniversity, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Egyptian Military Medical Services
- Study start
- 1 Feb 2022 (estimated)
- Primary completion
- 1 Aug 2022 (estimated)
- Study completion
- 30 Dec 2022 (estimated)
- First posted
- 2 Jun 2020 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
The aim of the study is to clinically use bovine Lf as a safe antiviral adjuvant for treatment and to assess the potential in reducing mortality and morbidity rates in COVID-19 patients. The study was approved by the ethical committee of the Egyptian Center for Research and Regenerative Medicine in 11-5-2020.
Detailed description
The World Health Organization (WHO) declared the coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19) outbreak a Public Health Emergency of International Concern with a pandemic spread. The situation is rapidly evolving, which raises the approach of reproposing already approved drugs to meet the emerging challenge and to save time and money. Lactoferrin (Lf) is a natural glycoprotein that broadly distributed within the body fluids and found predominantly in milk. It represents a known component of the innate immune system. The antiviral activity of Lf has been reported against many viruses, including SARS-CoV-1, through blocking the viral receptors on the host cells preventing them from entry and replication. Markedly, data reveals that Lf interacts with Heparan Sulfate Proteoglycans (HSPGs) and Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptors that are reported as SARS-CoV-2-binding sites to enter the host cell, suggesting a potential significance of Lf as an antiviral against SARS-CoV-2. Moreover, the immunoregulatory effects of Lf can protect against the cytokine-storm and thrombotic complications that result from the COVID-19-induced over-stimulated inflammatory response and exaggerated immune reactions. In addition, Lf can decrease the free iron toxicity caused by the virus as it has a strong iron chelating ability. Lf is a safe approved food supplement that is available in the markets for enhancement of immunity and for treatment of anemia. The aim of this study is to perform a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, two arms, clinical trial to assess oral enteric-coated tablet of bovine apolactoferrin (the low iron-content form of Lf) as a safe antiviral and immunoregulatory therapy in patients diagnosed with COVID-19 disease.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Quadruple blind (participant, care provider, investigator, outcomes assessor)
- Number of arms
- 2
- Model description
- Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, clinical trial.
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Arm 01 (SOC + Lactoferrin 1200 mg QID) | Active comparator | Dietary Supplement: Lactoferrin (Apolactoferrin)Patients randomized to this group will receive two 600 mg Lactoferrin tablets QID plus the Standard of Care (SOC) treatment(s). |
| Arm 02 (SOC + Placebo QID) | Placebo comparator | Drug: Placebo of excipient(s) will be administeredPatients randomized to this group will receive two placebo tablets QID plus the SOC treatment(s). |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 to 80 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (3 listed)
- Patients tested positive (PCR) for SARS-CoV-2 and clinically symptomatic.
- Adult patients with age >18 years.
- Patients willing and able to sign the study informed consent form.
Key exclusion criteria (12 listed)
- Critically severe disease patients (having Respiratory failure requiring mechanical ventilation, or signs of septic shock or multiple organ failure requiring ICU admission).
- Patients who are unconscious
- Patients who have convulsions
- Patients suffering from central cyanosis with SPO2< 90% (for asthmatic patients with SPO2<88%)
- Pregnant or lactating women
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Lactoferrin (Apolactoferrin)Apolactoferrin is an iron-free Lactoferrin (with very low iron saturation). Lactoferrin (Lf) is a natural glycoprotein that is found predominantly in milk. Lf represents a known component of the innate immune system present in neutrophil-specific granules and broadly distributed within the body fluids and exocrine secretions. | Dietary supplement | Arm 01 (SOC + Lactoferrin 1200 mg QID) |
| Placebo of excipient(s) will be administeredAlso: excipient(s)Placebo of the equivalent excipient will be administered to placebo group | Drug | Arm 02 (SOC + Placebo QID) |
Primary outcome
Survival rate.
Time frame: up to 8 weeks.
Comparing the influence of the intervention on the Survival rate.
Rate of disease remission.
Time frame: up to 4 weeks.
For mild/moderate symptoms patients: fever, cough and other symptoms relieved with improved lung CT - For severe symptoms patients: fever, cough and other symptoms relieved with improved lung CT, and oxygen saturation by pulse oximetry (SPO2 )> 93% for nonasthmatic patients, and from 88-92% in asthmatic patients.
The number of patients with PCR negative results.
Time frame: up to 4 weeks.
Comparing the influence of the intervention on the PCR negative results.
32 secondary outcomes
Mean change in the disease severity (clinical assessment).
Time frame: up to 4 weeks.
Mean change in blood pressure.
Time frame: up to 4 weeks.
Mean change in heart beats.
Time frame: up to 4 weeks.
Mean change in body temperature.
Time frame: up to 4 weeks.
Mean change in body respiratory rate.
Time frame: up to 4 weeks.
Mean change in oxygen saturation.
Time frame: up to 4 weeks.
Mean change in the ratio in arterial oxygen partial pressure to fractional inspired oxygen (PF ratio).
Time frame: up to 4 weeks.
Mean change in complete blood picture (CBC).
Time frame: up to 4 weeks.
Mean change in C reactive protein (CRP).
Time frame: up to 4 weeks.
Mean change in erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR).
Time frame: up to 4 weeks.
Mean change in D-dimer.
Time frame: up to 4 weeks.
Mean change in ferritin.
Time frame: up to 4 weeks.
Mean change in liver Albumin.
Time frame: up to 4 weeks.
Mean change in total and direct Bilirubin.
Time frame: up to 4 weeks.
Mean change in prothrombin time (PT) and partial thromboplastin time (PTT ).
Time frame: up to 4 weeks.
Mean change in aspartate aminotransferase (AST).
Time frame: up to 4 weeks.
Mean change in Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT).
Time frame: up to 4 weeks.
Mean change in Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN).
Time frame: up to 4 weeks.
Mean change in Serum Creatinine.
Time frame: up to 4 weeks.
Mean change in Serum Creatinine clearance.
Time frame: up to 4 weeks.
Mean change in Glomerular filtration rate (GFR ).
Time frame: up to 4 weeks.
The mean change in serum interleukin-1 (IL-1).
Time frame: up to 4 weeks.
The mean change in serum interleukin-6 (IL-6).
Time frame: up to 4 weeks.
The mean change in serum interleukin-10 (IL-10).
Time frame: up to 4 weeks.
The mean change in serum tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF alpha).
Time frame: up to 4 weeks.
Mean changes in immunoglobulin G (IgG).
Time frame: up to 4 weeks.
Mean changes in immunoglobulin M (IgM).
Time frame: up to 4 weeks.
The mean change in PCR viral load.
Time frame: up to 4 weeks.
Mean change in lung CT manifestation.
Time frame: up to 4 weeks.
Nature and severity of Adverse Events.
Time frame: up to 4 weeks.
Time for lung recovery.
Time frame: up to 8 weeks.
The number of missed drug doses among each treatment group.
Time frame: up to 4 weeks.
Results and safety
Results are not available in the source record.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 15 Nov 2021.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: Yes. Not yet decided.
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Rehab Hegazy, PhD study director
National Research Center
4 sites in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A Phase 2 study testing Lactoferrin (Apolactoferrin) in people with Corona Virus Infection and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS), run by National Research Centre, Egypt at 4 sites in Egypt.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 3 inclusion and 12 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: status not confirmed, as of the sponsor's last update on 15 Nov 2021. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 4 sites in Egypt. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. Some participants in this study may receive a placebo. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
What does this phase mean?
Phase 2 studies give the treatment to a larger group to see whether it has the intended effect and to keep checking safety.
Not every study follows the same path, and some studies (observational studies, device studies) have no phase.
Are results available for this study?
Results are not available in the source record.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
Contact Rehab Hegazy, PhD (+201001507676, rehab_hegazy@hotmail.com), or a site near the patient. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Survival rate. (time frame: up to 8 weeks.). The study lists 3 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 15 Nov 2021.