Study of Evobrutinib in Participants With RMS (evolutionRMS 1)

Disability progression was defined as increase in EDSS of greater than or equal to [>=] 1 point from baseline EDSS score, if EDSS score at baseline is 5.0 or less and an increase of >=0.5 point, if the baseline score is 5.5. Disability progression is considered sustained for 12 weeks when the initial increase in the EDSS is confirmed at a regularly scheduled visit at least 12 weeks after the initial documentation of neurological worsening. The total EDSS score ranges from 0 (normal) to 10 (death due to multiple sclerosis). Kaplan-Meier method was used to estimate the percentage of participants without 12-week CDP.

Disability progression was defined as increase in EDSS of greater than or equal to [>=] 1 point from baseline EDSS score, if EDSS score at baseline is 5.0 or less and an increase of >=0.5 point, if the baseline score is 5.5. Disability progression is considered sustained for 24 weeks when the initial increase in the EDSS is confirmed at a regularly scheduled visit at least 24 weeks after the initial documentation of neurological worsening. The total EDSS score ranges from 0 (normal) to 10 (death due to multiple sclerosis). Kaplan-Meier method was used to estimate the percentage of participants without 24-week CDP.

Disability improvement was defined as a reduction of 1 point from Baseline EDSS score when the Baseline score is >= 2 and less than or equal to [<=] 6 and a reduction of 0.5 point from Baseline EDSS score when the Baseline score is >= 6.5 and <= 9.5. Disability improvement is considered sustained when the initial reduction in the EDSS score is confirmed at a regularly scheduled visit at least 24 weeks after the initial reduction. The total EDSS score ranges from 0 (normal) to 10 (death due to multiple sclerosis). Kaplan-Meier method was used to estimate the percentage of participants with 12-week CDI.

Physical function was assessed with PROMISnq Short Form v2.0 - Physical Function - Multiple Sclerosis 15a (PROMISnq PF(MS) 15a). PROMISnq PF(MS) 15a assesses a participant's abilities and limitations with respect to everyday physical activities. Results are reported as a T-score. In the general population, T-scores have a mean of 50, standard deviation of 10, and range from 10 to 65. Higher T-scores represent higher physical function. Change from baseline in PROMIS PF score was analyzed using Mixed Effect Model for Repeated Measures (MMRM) to evaluate the result of the 2 periods (DBTP and DBE).

PROMIS Fatigue score was assessed with PROMIS Short Form v1.0 - Fatigue - Multiple Sclerosis 8a (PROMIS Fatigue (MS) 8a). PROMIS Fatigue (MS) 8a assesses level of fatigue and its interference on daily activities. Results are reported as a T-score. In the general population, T-scores have a mean of 50, standard deviation of 10, and range from 33 to 85. Higher T-scores represent higher fatigue. Change from baseline in PROMIS fatigue score was analyzed using Mixed Effect Model for Repeated Measures (MMRM) to evaluate the result of the 2 periods (DBTP and DBE).

Analysis of Gadolinium-positive T1 lesions was done using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans.

Analysis of new or enlarging T2 lesions rate was done using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans. Negative binomial model for lesion count (summed over scans) includes treatment and covariates based on randomization strata and baseline volume of T2 lesion (continuous), with offset equal to the log of the time in years between the last available MRI scan and the baseline scan.

NfL is a biomarker of neuro-axonal damage whose concentration was assessed in blood at Week 12.

Adverse event (AE): Any untoward medical occurrence in a participant which does not necessarily have a causal relationship with the study drug. Serious AE: an AE that resulted in any of the following outcomes: death; life threatening; persistent/significant disability/incapacity; initial or prolonged inpatient hospitalization; congenital anomaly/birth defect or was otherwise considered medically important. TEAEs: those AEs with an onset date on or after the date of first study intervention administration, or AEs present prior to any study intervention administration but exacerbating after. TEAEs included both Serious TEAEs and non-serious TEAEs. AESIs included liver AEs (possible drug-induced, non-infectious, non-alcoholic, and immune-mediated), infections (serious and opportunistic infections), lipase and amylase elevation, and seizure.

Severity of adverse events (AE) were assessed by the investigator per the National Cancer Institute- Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (NCI-CTCAE), version 5.0. Grade 1 = Mild, Grade 2 = Moderate, Grade 3 = Severe, Grade 4 = Life-threatening and Grade 5 = Death. Number of participants with Grades 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 were reported.

Diastolic blood pressure and systolic blood pressure were measured after at least 5 minutes of rest for the participant in a quiet sitting without distractions. Changes in vital signs: diastolic blood pressure and systolic blood pressure from baseline up to 176 weeks were reported.

Pulse rate was measured after at least 5 minutes of rest for the participant in a quiet sitting without distractions. Changes in vital signs: pulse rate from baseline up to baseline up to 176 weeks was reported.

Respiratory rate was measured after at least 5 minutes of rest for the participant in a quiet sitting without distractions. Changes in vital signs: respiratory rate from baseline up to 176 weeks was reported.

Changes in vital signs: weight from baseline up to 176 weeks was reported.

Temperature was measured after at least 5 minutes of rest for the participant in a quiet sitting without distractions. Changes in vital signs: Temperature from baseline up to 176 weeks was reported.

Heart rate was measured after at least 5 minutes of rest for the participant in a quiet sitting without distractions. Changes in ECG parameter: heart rate from baseline up to 176 weeks was reported.

QT Interval - Fridericia's Correction Formula, PR Interval and QRS Duration was measured after at least 5 minutes of rest for the participant in a quiet sitting without distractions. Changes in ECG parameter: QT Interval - Fridericia's Correction Formula, PR Interval and QRS Duration from baseline up to 176 weeks were reported.

Blood samples were collected in a fasted condition (after a fast of at least 12 hours) to analyze the hematology parameters: erythrocytes mean corpuscular HGB concentration and hemoglobin. Changes in hematology parameters: erythrocytes mean corpuscular HGB concentration and hemoglobin from baseline up to 176 weeks were reported.

Blood samples were collected in a fasted condition (after a fast of at least 12 hours) to analyze the hematology parameters: Platelets, Leukocytes, Neutrophils, Eosinophils, Basophils, Monocytes, Lymphocytes and Reticulocytes. Changes in hematology parameters: Platelets, Leukocytes, Neutrophils, Eosinophils, Basophils, Monocytes, Lymphocytes and Reticulocytes from baseline up to 176 weeks were reported.

Blood samples were collected in a fasted condition (after a fast of at least 12 hours) to analyze the hematology parameter: Hematocrit. Changes in hematology parameter: Hematocrit from baseline up to 176 weeks was reported.

Blood samples were collected in a fasted condition (after a fast of at least 12 hours) to analyze the hematology parameter: Erythrocytes Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin. Changes in hematology parameter: Erythrocytes Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin from baseline up to 176 weeks was reported.

Blood samples were collected in a fasted condition (after a fast of at least 12 hours) to analyze the hematology parameter: Erythrocytes Mean Corpuscular Volume. Changes in hematology parameter: Erythrocytes Mean Corpuscular Volume from baseline up to 176 weeks was reported.

Blood samples were collected in a fasted condition (after a fast of at least 12 hours) to analyze the biochemistry parameters: Bilirubin and Creatinine. Changes in biochemistry parameters: Bilirubin and Creatinine from baseline up to 176 weeks were reported.

Blood samples were collected in a fasted condition (after a fast of at least 12 hours) to analyze the biochemistry parameters: Aspartate Aminotransferase, Alanine Aminotransferase, Alkaline Phosphatase, Amylase, Lipase, Gamma Glutamyl Transferase and Lactate Dehydrogenase. Changes in biochemistry parameters: Aspartate Aminotransferase, Alanine Aminotransferase, Alkaline Phosphatase, Amylase, Lipase, Gamma Glutamyl Transferase and Lactate Dehydrogenase from baseline up to 176 weeks were reported.

Blood samples were collected in a fasted condition (after a fast of at least 12 hours) to analyze the biochemistry parameters: Sodium, Potassium, Calcium, Magnesium, Glucose, Chloride, Urea Nitrogen, Phosphate, Bicarbonate and Corrected Calcium. Changes in biochemistry parameters: Sodium, Potassium, Calcium, Magnesium, Glucose, Chloride, Urea Nitrogen, Phosphate, Bicarbonate and Corrected Calcium from baseline up to 176 weeks were reported.

Blood samples were collected in a fasted condition (after a fast of at least 12 hours) to analyze the biochemistry parameters: Total Protein and Albumin. Changes in biochemistry parameters: Total Protein and Albumin from baseline up to 176 weeks were reported.

Blood samples were collected in a fasted condition (after a fast of at least 12 hours) to analyze the biochemistry parameter: Glomerular Filtration Rate. Changes in biochemistry parameter: Glomerular Filtration Rate from baseline up to 176 weeks was reported. The Glomerular Filtration Rate will be measured as milliliter per minute per 1.73 square meter (mL/min/1.73m^2).

Urine samples were collected in a fasted condition (after a fast of at least 12 hours) to analyze the urinalyses parameter: pH. pH is measured on a numeric scale ranging from 0 to 14; values on the scale refer to the degree of alkalinity or acidity. A pH of 7 is neutral. A pH less than 7 is acidic, and a pH greater than 7 is basic. Normal urine has a slightly acid pH (5.0 - 6.0). Changes in urinalyses parameter: pH from baseline up to 176 weeks was reported.

Urine samples were collected in a fasted condition (after a fast of at least 12 hours) to analyze the urinalyses parameter: Specific Gravity of Urine. Changes in urinalyses parameter: Specific Gravity of Urine from baseline up to 176 weeks was reported.

Absolute Concentrations serum levels of IgG, IgA, IgM were assessed.

Change from baseline serum levels of IgG, IgA, IgM were assessed.

The qualifying relapse is the occurrence of new or worsening neurological symptoms attributable to Multiple Sclerosis (MS) (for more than [>] 24 hours, no fever, infection, injury, AEs, and preceded by a stable or improving neurological state for more than or equal to [>=] 30 days).

Disability progression was defined as increase in EDSS of greater than or equal to [>=] 1 point from baseline EDSS score, if EDSS score at baseline is 5.0 or less and an increase of >=0.5 point, if the baseline score is 5.5. Disability progression is considered sustained for 24 weeks when the initial increase in the EDSS is confirmed at a regularly scheduled visit at least 24 weeks after the initial documentation of neurological worsening. The total EDSS score ranges from 0 (normal) to 10 (death due to multiple sclerosis).

Disability improvement was defined as a reduction of 1 point from Baseline EDSS score when the Baseline score is >= 2 and less than or equal to [<=] 6 and a reduction of 0.5 point from Baseline EDSS score when the Baseline score is >= 6.5 and <= 9.5. Disability improvement is considered sustained when the initial reduction in the EDSS score is confirmed at a regularly scheduled visit at least 24 weeks after the initial reduction. The total EDSS score ranges from 0 (normal) to 10 (death due to multiple sclerosis).

The SDMT is a test of information processing speed. It consists of 9 abstract symbols. Each symbol is paired with a single digit. The participant is provided with a "key", showing each symbol digit pair. In addition, the participants are shown several rows of the 9 symbols, which are arranged pseudo-randomly, without the digit. Participants are asked to voice the digit associated with each symbol as rapidly as possible for 90 seconds. The SDMT score ranges from 0 to 110 where higher scores indicated improvement and lower scores indicated worsening. Participant wise data was reported for this outcome measure.

Physical function was assessed with PROMISnq Short Form v2.0 - Physical Function - Multiple Sclerosis 15a (PROMISnq PF(MS) 15a). PROMISnq PF(MS) 15a assesses a participant's abilities and limitations with respect to everyday physical activities. Results are reported as a T-score. In the general population, T-scores have a mean of 50, standard deviation of 10, and ranges from 10 to 65. Higher T-scores represent higher physical function. Participant wise data was reported for this outcome measure.

PROMIS Fatigue score was assessed with PROMIS Short Form v1.0 - Fatigue - Multiple Sclerosis 8a (PROMIS Fatigue (MS) 8a). PROMIS Fatigue (MS) 8a assesses level of fatigue and its interference on daily activities. Results are reported as a T-score. In general, T-scores have a mean of 50, standard deviation of 10, and range from 33 to 85. Higher T-scores represent higher fatigue. Participant wise data was reported for this outcome measure.

Laboratory investigation included hematology, biochemistry and coagulation. The number of participants with abnormalities in laboratory parameters were reported.

Vital signs included temperature, pulse rate, respiration rate and blood pressure and weight (taken after 5 minutes in the sitting position). The number of participants with abnormalities in vital signs were reported.

ECG recordings included, heart rate, PR interval and QRS duration. ECG recordings were obtained after the participants have rested for at least 5 minutes in supine position. The number of participants with abnormalities in ECG findings were reported.

Analysis of number of new or enlarging T2 lesions was done using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans. Negative binomial model for lesion count (summed over scans) includes treatment and covariates based on randomization strata and baseline volume of T2 lesion (continuous), with offset equal to the log of the time in years between the last available MRI scan and the baseline scan. Participant wise data was reported for this outcome measure.

Change from baseline in T2 lesion volume was reported. Participant wise data was reported for this outcome measure.